World War II. 2010, TESCCC World History, Unit 10, Lesson 6

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1 World War II

2 Who

3 Who Axis Powers: Germany Italy Japan

4 Who Allies Powers: Britain, Soviet Union, and USA

5 Where Two Theaters of War: Europe / North Africa

6 Where Pacific Theater

7 Sept through Sept When

8 Leaders Allies Winston Churchill of Great Britain Joseph Stalin of the Soviet Union President Franklin Roosevelt of the U.S. Charles DeGaulle of France Chiang Kai-shek of China Axis Adolf Hitler of Germany Benito Mussolini of Italy Emperor Hirohito of Japan

9 Austria Germany s First Target Austria (Aunshluss)

10 Austria March 12, 1938 Germany marched unopposed into Austria

11 Sudetenland Hitler charged Czechoslovakia was abusing the 3 million Germans there.

12 Non-Aggression Pact 1939 Hitler and Stalin committed to not attack each other

13 The German Offensive Begins Hitler has a one-front war He moves against Poland.

14 The First Attack: Poland Sept. 1, 1939 After the invasion of Poland Britain and France declare war on Germany to stop their expansion.

15 The First Attack: Poland 1939 Poland falls to Germany

16 The First Attack: Poland 1940 is Sitzkrieg, or Sitting War No fighting takes place at this time

17 The biggest difference between WWI and WWII is speed. Blitzkrieg

18 Blitzkrieg Fast sweeping action with mechanized armies

19 Supported by airplanes that strike deep into enemy territory. Blitzkrieg

20 Blitzkrieg Blitzkrieg is German for Lightning War

21 1940 Battle of Britain Germany conquered France in six weeks, leaving Britain to fight Germany alone.

22 Battle of Britain

23 Battle of Britain Germany attempts to bomb Britain into submission before launching a cross channel invasion.

24 Battle of Britain The Royal Air Force (RAF) fights off the German Luftwaffe for one year and Hitler cancels the invasion.

25 Battle of the Atlantic Not an actual single battle Continuous fight between the British navy and the German submarines

26 Battle of the Atlantic Important to maintain the British supply lines.

27 Lend-Lease plan March 1940 The United States was able to assist Great Britain through the Lend Lease Program

28 Lend-Lease Plan U.S to lend or lease arms to any other country whose defense was vital to the United States Garden Hose analogy.

29 Germany invades Russia 1941 Considered Hitler s greatest mistake!

30 Germany invades Russia The initial invasion is a great success, but winter sets in before he takes Moscow.

31 Rape of Nanking Also known as the Nanking Massacre A six week period following the Japanese capture of Nanking in December of 1937

32 Rape of Nanking 20,000 Chinese women were brutally raped 260,000 Chinese casualties

33 JAPANESE MILITARY ACTION By early December 1937, Japan had the city of Nanking surrounded and demanded a surrender Chang Kai-shek refused The Japanese military began to invade the city By December 12, the Chinese military was retreating from the city and leaving the civilians to fend for themselves

34 With weak defenses, the Safety Zone was often raided by Japanese soldiers

35 The solders committed severe acts of barbarity within the walls of the Safety Zone Rape Forced Incest Theft Arson Murder Execution of POW s

36 Pearl Harbor The U.S. opposed Japanese expansion in the Pacific & Far East by denying them needed resources.

37 Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 To secure the needed resources, Japan attacks the U.S. Navy at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

38 Pearl Harbor To cripple the only obstacle in their takeover of vast amount of territory.

39 Pearl Harbor After the Pearl Harbor attack, Japan takes over French Indonesia, British Singapore, and the U.S. held Philippine Islands.

40 Battle of Midway June 1942 Japanese sought the annihilation of the U.S. Navy in the Pacific by forcing the U.S to commit their aircraft carriers in a major battle at Midway Island.

41 Battle of Midway Breaking the Japanese code U.S carriers destroy four Japanese carriers

42 Ends Japanese offensive action in the Pacific. This battle was the turning point of the war in the Pacific. Battle of Midway

43 Battle for North Africa Germans invaded Africa to take the Suez Canal, a valuable British possession.

44 Operation Torch Invasion of Axis- Controlled North Africa

45 Battle for North Africa November 1942 British stopped the German advance at El Alamein.

46 Battle for North Africa U.S. soldiers were first deployed against the Germans in North Africa and drove them out of Africa.

47 Stalingrad and The Eastern Front The worst of the fighting of the war occurred on the Eastern Front (Germany v. the Soviet Union).

48 Stalingrad and The Eastern 1942 Front Germany launched an attack on Stalingrad of the Soviet Union to control the oil resources.

49 Stalingrad and The Eastern Front Germany conquered Stalingrad, but was quickly surrounded by another Soviet Army and forced to surrender an entire army.

50 Stalingrad and The Eastern Front Turning point of the war in Europe and major setback for Germany.

51 Air Warfare Using new technology, both sides used bomb raids against the military and industrial targets of the enemy.

52 Air Warfare Later the civilian population will be targeted and Germany will use the V-1 and V-2 rockets against Britain.

53 Air Warfare Allies use fire bombs to obliterate the cities of Dresden and Tokyo.

54 Firebombing of Dresden In area bombing, all enemy industry not just war munitions is targeted, and civilian portions of cities are obliterated along with troop areas.

55 Firebombing of Dresden Ravage the German economy break the morale of the German people and force an early surrender. 135,000 die

56 War in the Pacific The United States, facing enemies in both Europe and the Pacific chose to divert the vast majority of their resources to the war in Europe. The Pacific war revolved around the concept of island hopping, amphibious invasions, and naval air combat. Famous confrontations include, Guadalcanal, the Marianas Turkey Shoot, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa.

57 Operation Husky Launching from North Africa, the Allies attacked the Soft Underbelly of the Axis powers.

58 Invasion of Sicily / Italy Italy overthrew Mussolini and surrendered to the Allies, but Germany quickly sent in troops to oppose the advancing American army.

59 D-Day: Invasion of Normandy D-Day (Operation Overlord) June 6, 1944 Allied invasion of Europe

60 D-Day: Invasion of Normandy The largest amphibious invasion in the history of the world, as the Allies landed massive numbers of ground troops on the coast of France.

61 D-Day: Invasion of Normandy This began the push towards Germany to end the war. Shortly after this invasion the Soviet Union launches an attack on the Eastern Front and begin their drive to Germany.

62 Battle of the Bulge December 1944 Germany launches a final counter attack know as the Battle of the Bulge, but it fails to achieve its objective.

63 Fall of Germany Germany is falling back on all fronts. April 1945 Adolf Hitler commits suicide and soon after the German government surrenders unconditionally to the Allied forces

64 V-E Day May 8, 1945 Allies accepted Germany s unconditional surrender. The war in Europe is over.

65 The Allied Conferences Churchill and Roosevelt met many times to coordinate the efforts of the British and American armed forces in their attack against Germany. The Casablanca Conference led to the agreement that all would fight to an unconditional surrender. The Teheran Conference was the height of Allied cooperation as the three leaders planned the invasion of Europe.

66 The Yalta Conference February 1945 (Before V-E or V-J Day) Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill meet

67 The Yalta Conference The cooperation of the past was now over as each nation sought to expand their influence and ideology into the remains of the Nazi Empire.

68 The Yalta Conference Discuss the fate of Germany and the post-war world.

69 The Yalta Conference Plans to create a United Nations council

70 The Yalta Conference Stalin wanted to punish Germany and control eastern Europe

71 The Yalta Conference Stalin believed this was fair trade for Soviet contributions to the war

72 Atomic Bomb Three years of development and two billion dollars invested in the creation of the atomic bomb,

73 Atomic Bomb August 6, 1945, Little Boy was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan in order to avoid losing lives in an invasion of the Japanese homeland. 140,000 Casualties

74 The Atomic Bomb Ends the War August 6 United States released an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima.

75 Atomic Bomb A second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki three days later. The use of atomic energy as a weapon ushered in a new age in the history of the world and the Cold War. 80,000 casualties

76 Atomic Bomb

77 Atomic Bomb

78 The Atomic Bomb Ends the War Two days later one was dropped on Nagasaki. Truman believed this would cause fewer lives to be lost.

79 20. Holocaust Crimes against Humanity This was the charge created for the Nazi Leaders who planned and participated in the attempted genocide of the Jewish race in Europe at their trial in Nuremberg. Over six million Jews and four million other nondesirables, such as Gypsies, Slavs, and homosexuals were systematically murdered by the Nazi SS in labor and death camps located in Poland and Germany.

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