International Collaboration US-China Clean Coal Programs

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1 International Collaboration US-China Clean Coal Programs Richard A. Bajura National Research Center for Coal and Energy West Virginia University Coal Technology Symposium: Advancing Coal for a Carbon- Constrained World Washington D.C. March 5, 2014

2 Presentation Outline Organizational Structures in China Federal Collaborative Programs State, Business, and University Collaborative Programs

3 Organizational Structures in China Central (Federal) Government Operates under Five Year Plans (12 th Plan in effect ) Focal areas include moderate coal growth, cleaner China, shale gas as a game changer, wide range of power and chemicals technologies based on coal; other energy forms also emphasized 13 th Five Year Plan envisions structural slowdown, but energy (and coal) integral to plan

Government Structure Affecting Energy* Ministry of Science & Technology (MOST) Formulates S&T development

Formulates strategies for national economic and social development Develops short and long term plans

overall energy policies for China Subordinate only to State Council Includes 23 members from other agencies:

4 Government Structure Affecting Energy* Ministry of Science & Technology (MOST) Formulates S&T development plans Drafts related laws / regulations Academic Focus National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) Formulates strategies for national economic and social development Develops short and long term plans Industry Focus National Energy Administration (NEA) National Energy Commission Established 2010 Coordinates overall energy policies for China Subordinate only to State Council Includes 23 members from other agencies: NDRC, environment, finance, central bank,. Authorizes NDRC to set protocols and develop implementation plans *Simplified

5 Organizational Structures in China Provinces and Provincial Agencies Have their own Development Commissions and related organizations Do not act independently of the federal commissions

6 Organizational Structures in China State-Owned Enterprises Subsidized by federal funds to provide needed resources or accomplish new technology development Companies such as Shenhua (coal) and Sinopec (oil) are world leaders in respective fields e.g. Shenhua is largest coal company in the world

7 Organizational Structures in China Academic Institutions Key laboratories designated across China focus on energy research supporting the national goals Federal funding provided to support large scale, continuing research programs

8 U.S. China Agreements on Intellectual Property Protection For each project: Determine background IP ownership before starting Helps avoid disputes Sign IP agreement that: Defines ownership and implementation method Encourages collaborators to share data and information Plans for creation, operation and protection of IP Manage project according to IP agreement

9 Organizational Structures in China Message Important to understand energy organizational structure to do business in China Establishing international offices / business units in partner s country, engaging bi-lingual personnel, and establishing rules of engagement (IP) aids collaborative opportunities Relationships tend to be personal in nature and require long nurturing periods

10 Federal Collaborative Programs: US-China Clean Energy Research Center (CERC) President Barack Obama and President Hu Jintao Announce Agreement in November 2009

11 U.S. CERC Vehicles Buildings Coal China Vehicles Buildings Coal US Advanced Coal Technology Consortium US-China Advanced Coal Technology Collaboratory ACTC China Advanced Coal Technology Consortium

Federal Collaborative Programs: Fossil Energy (FE) Protocol* Between US & China US Objectives Promote scientific and technological cooperation on FE RDD&D Create opportunities for US industry and

12 Federal Collaborative Programs: Fossil Energy (FE) Protocol* Between US & China US Objectives Promote scientific and technological cooperation on FE RDD&D Create opportunities for US industry and power developers in China Protocol initiated in 1985 and renewed in signing of cooperation agreement under Annex IV of Protocol *Protocol for Cooperation in the Field of Fossil Energy Technology Development and Utilization, (US DOE and PRC MOST) Photo from presentation of QIUXIANG ZHOU, ENN, on

13 Federal Collaborative Programs Protocol Programs Examples of Activities (Annex II Clean Fuels) Protocol Meetings Joint research activities technology development Workshops for technology interchange Personnel exchanges Training and collaborative meetings

14 State, Business, and University Collaborative Programs State Provincial Collaborations Sister State relationships Business development meetings: one-on-one Technology vendor expositions Governor Governor meetings Business investments in partner state

15 State, Business, and University Collaborative Programs Business Collaborations Five Year Plan opportunities include: CCUS, Advanced Ultra-supercritical Boilers, IGCC, Oxy-fuel Combustion, Biomass, Coal-to- Chemicals, and Polygeneration Affiliated but separate companies established in China

16 State, Business, and University Collaborative Programs Academic Programs Most universities have Memoranda of Agreements signed between U.S. and Chinese institutions on academic programs; fewer research relationships Active programs for recruitment of students for undergraduate and graduate programs (U.S. China and China U.S.) Faculty sabbatical opportunities and teaching assignments

17 Conclusions Many opportunities for collaborative activities in all sectors (federal and state governments, industry, and academia) Language skills important to facilitate speed of implementation of opportunities Important for the U.S. and China to maintain dialog on energy as global leaders in energy use and technology development

18 Contact Information Richard Bajura National Research Center for Coal and Energy West Virginia University PO Box 6064 Morgantown WV

Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform

2015/FMP/WKSP1/016 Session: 5 Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform Submitted by: United States Workshop on Fiscal Management Through Transparency and Reforms Bagac, Philippines 9-10 June 2015 Fossil Fuel Subsidy