1960 s Kennedy Administration. Chapter 28 Sections 1 & 2
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1 1960 s Kennedy Administration Chapter 28 Sections 1 & 2
2 Warm-Up 5/10/ What was the Eisenhower Doctrine? 2.How did the U.S. enter the Vietnam War?
3 Current Events 1. U.S. withdrew from Nuclear Iran Treaty 5/8/2018 a. Deal with Iran and six countries: Great Britain Russia, China, German, France, U.S.A. b. Money to Iran if stopped work on nuclear program 1. Trade started again = money 2. Obama gave $1.7 billion for exchange of 4 prisoners c. Four problems: (#4 Israel s spies found cheating) 1. Not permanent: only for 10 years 2. Iran #1 sponsor of terrorism 3. Not legal: Not a legal treaty signed by the senate only Pres. Obama 46 senators signed letter to Iran saying illegal
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5 2. What happened yesterday? Iran bombed Israel with 20 rockets from bases in Syria.
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7 2. North Korea freed 3 hostages. Arrived this morning at 2:00 A.M.
8 I. John F. Kennedy: A. Elected 1960: 1. Defeated Richard Nixon after won first TV debate 2. Won by small margin One of closest elections in Am history
9 B. Domestic Policy: New Frontier Ask not what your country can do for you. Ask what you can do for your country. First Inaugural address 1. Americans to be new pioneers into space: a. 1961: April: Soviet Union put the first person into space. May: U.S. put the first American into space: Alan Shepard b. Telstar: new satellite images from Maine to Europe c. NASA built new facilities for space travel 1. Cape Canaveral (Cape Kennedy) 2. Houston control center Movie: Hidden Figures d. Challenged Americans to go to the moon by the end of the 1960 s
10 2. Economy: a. Problem: recession Unemployment 6% b. Solution: cut taxes - Worked to improve economy c. Increase in government spending: 1. Space 2. Defense: 20% increase to armed services to preserve freedom 3. nuclear missiles, nuclear submarines, expand armed services d. Increased federal spending to aid cities with high unemployment
11 Class Question: How does cutting taxes stimulate the economy? (Think of the wheel)
12 3. Foreign Aid: a. Peace Corps: 1. Volunteer program to help poor people in Asia, Africa, Latin America 2. Types of workers: agriculture, teachers, health workers 3. Successful: by 1968: more than 35,000 volunteers had served in 60 countries b. Alliance for Progress: 1. Economic aid to Latin American countries to prevent communist revolutionaries from taking over governments - like Castro 2. Sent $12 billion
13 4. Civil Rights: a. Problem: Plessy v. Ferguson: Separate but Equal still applied throughout nation in all areas except schools (Busing integrated Supreme Court Decision 1971) b. Result: 1. Sit-Ins : Af. Americans sat at lunch counters and refused to move until they were served. 2. By 1960: student sit-ins 48 cities an 11 states
14 5. Freedom Riders: a. White and Af. Am students rode buses across state lines. b. African American purposely sat in white sections of buses c. Reaction: 1. Beaten by white mobs in Birmingham, Alabama 2. Police did not protect them d. Bombs thrown at buses e. Kennedy sent 400 U.S. Marshals to protect riders 1. R. Kennedy (Attorney General) and Interstate Commerce Commission banned segregation in all interstate travel facilities: waiting room, lunch counters, restrooms (Not binding until Supreme Court decision)
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16 6. Integrating universities: a. Problems in Mississippi: James Meredith: First Af-Am to enter U. of Miss a. Governor would not let him enter. b. Kennedy ordered federal marshals to escort Meredith to university. c. Riots: lasted 15 hours 1. 2 deaths 200 arrests 2. Gunshots to James Meredith s house
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18 2. Problems in Alabama: a. Governor would not integrate Univ. of Alabama b. Pres. Kennedy sent U.S. Army troops to force gov. to integrate U. of Alabama 7. Aug MLK march on Washington a. 250,000 (75,000 whites) marched from Wash Monument to Lincoln Memorial b. I Have a Dream speech for passing of the Civil Rights Act 8. Sept. 1963: Birmingham, Alabama a. Bomb exploded in African-American church killing 4 little girls
19 9. Nov. 22, 1963: Death in Dallas, Texas a. Assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald - b. Lee Harvey Oswald killed by Jack Ruby on way to a new jail c. Conspiracy theories 10. V.P. Lyndon B. Johnson took oath of office as new president on Air Force One
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