1 Create an episode map on the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S.A.
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1 WARM UP 1 Create an episode map on the Civil Rights Movement in the U.S.A. 2 You have 15 minutes to do this assignment with one another before we review as a class 3 You will also turn in the JFK/LBJ Episode Map today
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3 THE VIETNAM WAR
4 Where is Vietnam?
5 FRENCH INDOCHINA (VIETNAM) I. Vietnam is a nation in southeast Asia that was controlled by France from 1890s-1940s II. Japan took control of Vietnam during WWII III. France wanted Vietnam back following WW2
6 HO CHI MINH & VIETMINH I. Ho Chi Minh wanted Vietnamese independence & created the Communist Party to accomplish his goal II. Vietminh à organization whose goal was to win independence for Vietnam III.The USA supported France in an attempt to keep communism from spreading A. The USA fears the domino theory and spread of communism
7 A DIVIDED VIETNAM I. The Vietminh fought against the French takeover in Vietnam A. Vietminh want independence from France II. However the French army successfully took over the majority of South Vietnam by 1950 III. In 1954 a peace agreement divided Vietnam in half at the 17th parallel. A. North Vietnam à Led by Ho Chi Minh s communist forces and supported by the USSR and China B. South Vietnam à Led by Ngo Dinh Diem capitalist government and supported by the U.S. and France.
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9 CANCELLED ELECTIONS CAUSE WAR I. North and South Vietnam were supposed to have a democratic election in 1956 to determine whether Vietnam would be communist or capitalist II. III. South Vietnam canceled these elections that were created to unify Vietnam in 1956 A. Everyone knows the communist government would easily win the election The Vietcong were supporters of communism in S. Vietnam and began attacking the capitalist government (terrorism) IV. The S. Vietnamese government then attacked Buddhist monasteries they believed were hiding communist A. Some Buddhist monks burned themselves alive to protest the S. Vietnamese government
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11 THE U.S.A. ENTERS VIETNAM I. Even though the S. Vietnam government was corrupt the USA supported the anti-communist nation II. In 1963 JFK s assassination left the problems in Vietnam to LBJ III. The Cold War was still happening and the USA feared the spread of communism to Vietnam IV. The U.S. sent military advisors, aid supplies, weapons and money to S. Vietnam to stop the spread of communism A. Truman Doctrine, Domino Theory, Containment = stop communism
12 America sent planes, tanks and other military equipment to South Vietnam
13 THE GULF OF TONKIN RESOLUTION I. By the 1960s the communists in N. Vietnam seized much of the nation II. By 1964 the U.S. wanted to go to war but needed justification for a military conflict in Vietnam III. In 1964 LBJ told Congress that N. Vietnamese naval boats had attacked American ships in the Gulf of Tonkin. IV. Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution: A. Gave LBJ the ability use American soldiers to defend Vietnam from communism B. Allowed America to enter the Vietnam War
14 ESCALATION OF THE VIETNAM WAR I. In 1965 LBJ sent the first U.S. troops to Vietnam to contain the spread of communism A. By 1968 over 500,000 U.S. soldiers were fighting in Vietnam II. Ho Chi Minh and the Vietminh were supported with troops and weapons from the Soviet Union and China III. In Operation Rolling Thunder, the U.S. air force began bombing N. Vietnam
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16 CAUSES OF THE VIETNAM WAR I. The Cold War: the battle between capitalism and communism II. Containment/Domino Theory: the USA wanted to stop the spread of communism in Asia III. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolutions: the U.S. government believed that N. Vietnam attacked American ships IV. LBJ was given the power to take the USA to war and so he did
17 FIGHTING THE WAR IN VIETNAM I. The goal of U.S. military was to defeat the Vietcong & support capitalism in S. Vietnam: II. The Problem: A. The Vietcong lived with civilians in Vietnamese in cities & villages B. The enemy in Vietnam was not clear and U.S. soldiers struggled in this style of war C. The Vietcong used guerilla tactics to combat U.S. military superiority D. Jungles made fighting difficult
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22 AMERICAN EFFORTS IN VIETNAM I. The air force bombed villages & supply lines (Ho Chi Minh Trail) to force an enemy surrender II. The military used napalm to destroy villages & pesticides (Agent Orange) to destroy crops III. Soldiers were sent on deadly search & destroy missions into the jungles to find the Vietcong and kill them
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24 THE FIGHTING IN VIETNAM I. The majority of the Vietnam War was Jungle Warfare A. Ambush :hiding & attacking B. Guerilla tactics C. No front lines D. Booby-traps, mines, tunnels II. The North Vietnamese used psychological warfare to convince their enemies to surrender
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28 THE STRUGGLE IN VIETNAM I. American soldiers struggled to succeed in Vietnam A. The Vietnamese people did not support a foreign army B. The guerilla warfare left many confused about their enemy and left them on edge at all time C. The lack of battlefield victories led to low morale and lackluster support from home II. The Vietnam War became a very different conflict than the U.S.A. had every fought before
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