Australian EW Conference 12 April Systemic Electronic Attack The Future is Now. Emergent EW Challenges The View from Europe

Transcription

1 Australian EW Conference 12 April 2010 Adelaide Systemic Electronic Attack The Future is Now Emergent EW Challenges The View from Europe

2 This presentation is the copyright of JMC Defence Ltd If you wish to use any of these slides or discuss any of them please contact John Clifford at Thank You!

3 John Clifford OBE Director JMC Defence Ltd

4 Fraternal Greetings from The Board & Members of the UK Chapter of the AOC to our Friends and Colleagues in Australia April 2010

5 Emergent Threats

6 Conceptual Response to Emergent Threats - Manoeuvre in the EM Domain

7 Threats and Challenges State Non-state Terrorist Criminal Poverty Resources Economy Environment Legacy Change Complexity Technology Resources Pace Ignorance Stupidity

8 Military Threats and Challenges State Non-state Terrorist Criminal Poverty Resources Economy Environment Legacy Change Complexity Technology Resources Pace Ignorance Stupidity

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10 EM Domain Lethal Weapons (UNCLAS) Type of weapon or system: RF guided eg SA-11, 20, IR guided eg SAM 7,14,16,20, RF triggered eg IEDs Laser guided Laser dazzle Directed energy Counter comms/command 1 Counter navigation 1 Counter sensor 1 Counter BFT/IFF 1 EM Many 20+ types, 1,000s deployed worldwide Very many 20+ types, 100,000s deployed Very many 12+ types, incalculable Many Many freely available, COTS, Developing (classified) Many Increasing Increasing Increasing 1. A soldier without C2, navigation, blue force tracking or sensors is a very vulnerable soldier

11 China EW Threat UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO Threats -Global (Open Source) Jan 07 Anti Satellite Weapon UHF-band Satellite Comms Jammers PLA is investing in electronic countermeasures, defenses against electronic attack (e.g., electronic and infrared decoys, angle reflectors, and false target generators) "Gaoxin Project" - Y-8 EW Aircraft series Manpack Direction-Finding (DF) system for the Very- High-Frequency (VHF) Band Portable Signal Collection System for Locating and "Fingerprinting" Radars Al Qaeda EW Threat 2004 Emergence of IEDs / VBIEDs Composition: artillery, mortar shells or homemade explosive, complex explosives poured into concrete Triggers & Methods: mobile phones, washing machine timers, pagers, garage door openers, burglar alarms, key fobs, doorbells, or remote controls for toy cars Increase in remote detonation, command detonated, radio, cell phone, victim operated, infrared Man portable air defense systems (MANPADS) Iranian EW Threat Others Iran has an array of ground based jammers Hizballah's Iranian systems neutralized Israeli EW Iranian EW installed radar stations blocked the Barak anti-missile missiles aboard Israeli warships Hezbollah's use of Iranian Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) Iran Electronics Industries (IEI) makes electro-optics and lasers, communication equipment, telecommunication security equipment, electronic warfare equipment, new and refurbished radar tubes, and missile launchers UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO has high power laser operated systems, the and the that are designed to neutralize hostile radars and neutralize attack systems that use electronic signals. Radio Frequency Directed Energy Weapons Improved anti-air and anti-ship missiles with sophisticated tracking and guidance radars that incorporate EW countermeasures. Has deployed anti-satellite weapons and is developing anti-satellite jamming weapons

12 Civil Comsat/GBS EM Battlespace - Now Military Comsat Surveillance Satellite AWACS UAV JTDS Air Support Attack Helicopters JHQ VLF LF HF Battlefield Radar JFHQ AFLOAT JFHQ Surface Fleet Air Defence Tactical HQ MLRS Infantry Submarines - Trident, TLAM AJW

13 Network Enabled Capability Linking sensors, decision-makers and weapon systems so that information can be translated into synchronized and overwhelming military effect at optimum tempo

14 COCOM Physical Warfighting Domains AWACS Big Crow Airborne Laser EP EA ES Compass Call Persistent Surveillance JSF AEA 6B Requirement: Train EW Professionals to plan, coordinate, synchronize and deconflict EW support to Full Spectrum Operations ES/UAS Offensive Ops AEA/EP EA 6B EA / UAS ES/UAS ASCC/EWCC DDG ES/R&SV EMDEC /UAS Defensive Ops HPMV ES/UAS NLOS AEA/EP Stability Ops EW Effects IEWS Control Protect Deny Deceive Disrupt Degrade Destroy AHPM ES/R&SV Civil Support Ops R&SV Unclassified JFLCC/EWCC Manpad EP CREW JFACC/EWCC

15 Expanding EW Target Set Weapon Seekers Airborne Sensors Position/Navigation/Timing Systems IEDs Fuzes Hard and Deeply Buried Targets Supporting Infrastructure Targets Ground based Sensors / IADS Electronics Components Maritime Sensors Communications Weapons of Mass Destruction Personnel 15 EW concepts and technologies must be developed to counter increasingly diverse target set

16 . OV-1 AEA System of Systems Post PBD Timeframe ISR Platforms Sensored Shooters C2 F-22A/F-35 AESA Electronic Attack, Weapons EA-6B/EA-18G Radar & Comm Jamming, HARM B-52 MALD/MALD-J, Weapons Stand-Off Jammer Electronic Attack MALD/MALD-J Decoy/Electronic Attack Recoverable Stand-In Electronic Attack Compass Call Comm and Radar Jamming Stand-In/Penetrating Escort Delivery Stand-Off/Mod Escort Delivery

17 And not forgetting...

18 And not forgetting...

19 I m sorry, that number s been disconnected

20 UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO Threats -Hidden Complacency or failure of imagination Failure to recognise the world has changed Establishment thinking Constructs such as schoolhouses, organizations and doctrine prevent or subvert needed change. Assumption That someone else will do it for you Aggregation Of disparate capabilities in ill-advised systemic warfare where the whole is very much less than the sum of the parts think Info Ops, Cyber, C/E UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO

21 Development of the Systems Approach to Warfare EW/SIGINT/Radar/Comms/ Computers/CIS 1930 s 70 s CC s C3CM C2W IW/Info Ops/CCA/CNO/Influence Ops NCW/NEC/NNEC Cyber Next BIG thing??? Desert Storm 1990 s 2000 s Today Future

22 An explanation of the US cyber domain from an early key player: "The (cyber) domain is defined by the electromagnetic spectrum," Dr. XXXX said. "It's a domain just like air, space, land and sea. It is a domain in and through which we deliver effects -- fly and fight, attack and defend -- and conduct operations to obtain our national interests. The cyber domain includes all the places an electron travels. The electron, which is part of the atom, can travel from one atom to the next. This concept is key to electronic communication and energy transmission. An electron may travel from a cell phone to a cell tower, for instance. The path the electron takes, the shape of its path, the speed it travels, and the direction it travels are all critical to ensuring the cell phone works and that a usable signal is received. As part of a signal, an electron can travel from a handheld computer to a reception tower, over a wire to a telephone, to a television through an antenna, from a radio transmitter to radio, and from computer to computer as part of a network...

23 An explanation of the US cyber domain from an early key player: continued.. The electron can also travel, as part of energy transmission, from a microwave oven to popcorn seeds to make them pop, from generators over a wire to a light bulb, and from an X-ray machine through bone to a detection plate to make an image for a doctor to review. The places where the electron travels is the cyber domain, or cyberspace. And the ability to deliver a full range of cyber effects -- to detect, deter, deceive, disrupt, defend, deny, and defeat any signal or electron transmission -- is the essence of fighting in cyberspace.

24 DoD Cyberspace definition May 08 SUBJECT: The Definition of "Cyberspace" Consistent with the definition of "cyberspace" provided in national Security Presidential Directive-54 / Homeland Security Presidential Directive-23 (Cybersecurity Policy (U) ), January 8, 2008, the Department of Defense will use the following definition of "cyberspace" until further notice. Cyberspace: a global domain within the information environment consisting of the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, including the Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers. Because all Combatant Commands, Military Departments, and other Defense Components need the ability to operate unhindered in cyberspace, the domain does not fall within the purview of any one particular Department of Component. This definition will serve as the foundation upon which the Department will further mature this warfighting domain. In order to man, train and equip the forces, and mature our capabilities to operate in cyberspace, a further clarifying definition of what constitutes operations in cyberspace is needed. OUSD(Policy) and Joint staff will lead an effort to define operations in cyberspace and provide the office a recommendation within 60 days.

25 Summary: New Paradigms Re-use of language Advocacy seeking converts Combination of extant capabilities and organizations under a new wrapper Initial great promise to solve all defence problems eventually gives way to reassessment and the writing of lessons The advocates get to write the lessons The early adopters get promoted and move on The remnants of the EW community get to pick up the pieces. Next big thing comes along

26 Military Threats and Challenges State Non-state Terrorist Criminal Poverty Resources Economy Environment Legacy Change Complexity Technology Resources Pace Ignorance Stupidity

27 Concepts So, we need a mechanism, based on reality, to underpin capability development and to nurture, develop and field it while protecting it from those with their own interests, beliefs (and careers) in mind. We need a conceptual basis!

28 Purpose: High Level Analytical Concept Challenge conventional wisdom Ensure intellectual rigour and relevance Provide a foundation for further development Indicate at an early stage capabilities and systems that might be required Attributes: Provenance; Authority; Realism Timescale out 20 plus years; revise every 3-5 years

29 Information Management: A Concept This proposal concerns the management of general information about accelerators and experiments at CERN. It discusses the problems of loss of information about complex evolving systems and derives a solution based on a distributed hypertext system.

30 Information Management: A Concept Tim Berners-Lee, CERN March 1989, May 1990 This proposal concerns the management of general information about accelerators and experiments at CERN. It discusses the problems of loss of information about complex evolving systems and derives a solution based on a distributed hypertext system.

31 Tim Berners-Lee Home page 1993 On a NeXT computer

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33 Berkman Center for Internet & Society: Mapping the Arabic Blogsphere 2009

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36 EW Thought for Today in Adelaide The soldier is the most conservative creature on Earth. It is really dangerous to give him an idea, because he will not adopt it until it is obsolete, and then will not abandon it until it has nearly destroyed him Attributed variously to Capt Sir Basil Liddell-Hart or Maj Gen JFC Fuller

37 To shape, evaluate, arbitrate and advise upon the delivery of current and future integrated capability in order to enable the UK to plan, prepare for and execute joint and combined operations. SHAPE Evaluate, Arbitrate, Advise Concept Development Strategic Guidance Planning Assumptions High Level Op Concept Strategic Trends Jt ISTAR Analytical Concept CONEMP CAPABILITY EL LEMENTS FUTURE CAPABILITY CONUSE DEFENCE CAPABILITY FRAMEWORK

38 Capability-based Approach CADMID cycle -> Concept ->Assessment -> Development -> Manufacturing -> In-Service ->Disposal -> TEPIDOIL Training, Equipment, Personnel, Information, Doctrine & concepts, Organisation, Infrastructure, Logistics (all underpinned by interoperability). DOTMLPF Doctrine, Organization, Training, Materiel, Leadership, People, Facilities.

39 Divided by a common language?! US - DOTMLPF Doctrine, Organization, Training, Materiel, Leadership, People, Facilities. NATO - DOTMILPF or DOTMLPFI I=Interoperability UK -TEPIDOIL Training, Equipment, Personnel, Information, Doctrine & Concepts, Organisation, Infrastructure, Logistics (all underpinned by interoperability).

40 Step 1: Capability Identification Step 2: Future Capability Reconciliation = Steps in the process Step 3: Concept Generation Step 4: Capability Development and Assessment 7 Step Process Capability Gap Analysis: -Across the epochs -Against existing and future capabilities Direction and Prioritisation JDCB (+) Part 1 Step 5: Capability Selection and Endorsement Interim / Applied Transition Point Lessons Identified / Feedback / Op Experience Gp Step 6: CADMID Validation Initial Gate Step 7: DLOD Oversight Main Gate in Use 1 DSG a DMB Endorsed process 3 Concept Generation Analytical Concepts Continued validation and refinement of concepts and capability 6 DOCTRINE Futures Work Strategic Trends DSG DPA DIST Future Capability Development HLOA Interim Concepts Environmental Concepts FMOC/FLOC/FAOC Joint Concepts Environmental Sub-concepts Interim Concepts 5 PPSG Selection and Endorsement CONOPS (A Range of Capabilities) Applied Concepts CONEMP (A Capability) CONUSE (An Eqpt) JHLOC 2 4 EP/STP CAPABILITY 7 STEP PROCESS Concept development and assessment (JOCC Management) Issues: (Across all DLODS) 1. Coherence to Conceptual Provenance. 2. Reduction of Technical Risk 3. Risk Identification and Assessment 4. Affordability 5. Implications of Real World Change JCB Capability Pull & Concepts + Doctrine push to achieve transparency DLOD / SRO Involvement: Information, Doctrine and Concepts, Equipment, Personnel, Training, Organisation, Infrastructure and Logistics 7

41 7 Step Process 3 Concept Generation Analytical Concepts G Interim Concepts Joint Concepts ability ment A 7 STEP PROCESS Environmental Concepts FMOC/FLOC/FAOC /FEMOC Environmental Sub-concepts C

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45 MCM-0142 Military Committee Transformation Concept for Future NATO Electronic Warfare 23 Nov 2007

46 Summary - NATO EM Concept The Electromagnetic Environment (EME) is a real physical environment. It is an operational environment where warfare operations take place, including manoeuvre warfare. Manoeuvre warfare operations - shaping, managing, exploiting, attack and defence take place in all environments. The EME bridges and connects the maritime, land and air environments. It connects these to the info environment. Success in the EME is usually a precursor to success in other environments. Success in the EME may be itself be sufficient to achieve a desired effect. Disciplines must work well together for effective EM operations.

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50 Operational Environments and their domains - Diagram for MCM 0142 Electromagnetic Phys sical Domains Air/Space Land Maritime Information* *includes Cyberspace Cognitiv ve Domain Influence Activity or Information

51 Genesis -The Creation 1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. 2 And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters. 3 And God said, Let there be light: and there was light.

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54 Infra-Red

55 Communication Imagery EMO Electronic Surveillance Electronic Spectrum Mgt Voice/Data Satcom Networks Freq Mgt CIS SIGINT ESM ISTAR SSA LADAR EO/IR/UV Sensors Platform Protection EWOS I&W Spectrum Monitor GSM/UWB MTI/SAR Optical Electronic Defence Electronic Attack Navigation Warfare Crypto NAVWAR Radio Aids P/V/T GPS C-IED C-RAM SEAD C-Comms C-Sensor DEW/EMP LASER RADAR Galileo C- Command Some EM Capabilities and Effects

56 UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO A Volatile EM Domain BL: Electronic Warfare -Army, Joint, or Coalition -does not operate in a vacuum Understanding what else resides in the EME provides accurate, precise, and lethal/non-lethal EW effects Effective and superior maneuver in the EME is critical EW superiority requires commensurate DOTMLPF capabilities as do operations conducted in air, land, sea, and space Planning, integrating and executing EW to see-first, understand-first, and then act-first is electromagnetic maneuver EWOS C-IED ESM C-RAM SIGINT Platform Protection Optical I&W Electronic Surveillance Electronic Defence C- Command SEAD Electronic Warfare C-Sensor EO/IR/UV Sensors SSA Electronic Attack C-Comms DEW/EMP LASER ISTAR Imagery EMO NAVWAR GPS LADAR MTI/SAR Navigation Spectrum Mgt Communication Networks Radio Aids Galileo Spectrum Monitor Freq Mgt Voice/Data Crypto P/V/T CIS RADAR Electromagnetic Domain Satcom GSM/UWB

57 NATO EW Situational awareness, protection of joint forces and effects achieved through military use of electromagnetic energy and dominance of the electromagnetic environment.

58 NATO EW effects based definitions: Electronic Warfare (EW) - military action that exploits EM energy to provide situational awareness and achieve offensive and defensive effects. Electronic Surveillance (ES) - use of EM energy to provide situational awareness and intelligence. Electronic Defence (ED) - use of EM energy to provide protection and to ensure effective friendly use of the EM spectrum. Electronic Attack (EA) - use of EM energy for offensive purposes. Source MCM 0142 Military Committee Concept for Transformation of NATO Electronic Warfare

59 Tactical level (Component HQ) Operational level (Joint HQ) Effect Measure Action Detect Intercept Identify ESM Locate ELECTRONICC SURVEILLANCE Jammin Deceptio g n Neutralize ECM ELECTRONIC ATTACK Technical detectable activities Active Passive EPM ELECTRONIC DEFENCE Non Technical detectable activities TTPs EM Domain Communications Electro Optical / Infra Red Radar Direct Energy

60 Electronic Warfare Electronic Surveillance Electronic Attack Electronic Defence EW Management Battlespace Management Situational Awareness Denial Info/Comms/Sensor Force Protection Spectrum Management Threat Warning Deception Platform Protection TDL/NET Management Emitter Location Proactive SEAD Including ARM Area Protection EM Environment Management Jt Operational Picture DE Attack Spectrum Protection EW Database Management Jt Intelligence feed Broadcast PInfo/PSYOPS Equipment Protection EWCC/SEWOC MoE NAVWAR Deny NAVWAR Protect IMS / EWOS Etc CCA Disruption etc Reactive SEAD Including ARM EOB

61 Operational Domains Physical maritime, land, air/space and electromagnetic Cognitive Information including Cyberspace

62 Operational Domains Physical maritime, land, air/space and electromagnetic Particles Thoughts Cognitive Photons Bits Information including Cyberspace

63 Op Environment The Evolution of Warfighting Domains All these domains represent operational use of a particular environment. They are: Unique Have military application, value & ROE Have strengths and weaknesses Interdependent Work better together Require investment Of intellect and capital Subject to law Often surprising Slow to gain recognition May upset vested interests 1200 BC 1910 s Air 1940 s EM Air 1970 s Space EM Air 1990 s Cyber Space EM Air Today Cyber Space EM Air ~3000 BC Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Land Land Land Land Land Land Land time

64 Op Environment The Evolution of Warfighting Domains All these domains represent operational use of a particular environment. They are: Unique Have military application, value & ROE Have strengths and weaknesses Interdependent Work better together Require investment Of intellect and capital Subject to law Often surprising Slow to gain recognition May upset vested interests 1200 BC 1910 s Air 1940 s EM Air 1960 s Space EM Air 1990 s Cyber Space EM Air Today Cyber Space EM Air ~3000 BC Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Land Land Land Land Land Land Land time

65 Comparison of Physical Environments and Operational Domains examples: Physical Environments Operational Domains ALL International law; media; Geneva Convention; ROE; C2; manuever; NATO; coalitions LAND MARITIME UN; Treaties; Law; Police; Red Cross International Maritime Org; SOLAS;PSC;USCG Armies, Marines, land battles, battlefield helos; Navies, RN, maritime ops, littoral ops, anti-piracy & drugs. AIR International Air AR;ICAO; Air Forces, RAF, air battles, IATA;FAA;TSA;CAA air/land war, air support. SPACE COPUOS; OST; ISS; NASA; Galileo (EU) EM ITU; FCC; ARRL; Bluetooth, 3G, Wireless, Wi-Fi-Wi-Max consortia,etc INFO/CYBER The Internet Society; ICANN USAF Space Command, Glonass, Anti missiles and ASAT. Used by all services for comms; navigation; EW; BSM, Surveillance; Intel; etc.???? Note: Info/cyber is not a physical environment or domain in US doctrine the Info environment is separate from the physical environments.

66 UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO The Electromagnetic Domain Fact: The Electromagnetic Domain has become a critical domain within conflict at all levels. We have presumed freedom of maneuver in this domain for decades, using it for: - Targeting - Weapons guidance systems - Detection/Sensing - Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - Command and Control - Navigation Assumptions: The adversary s use of the spectrum in the current persistent conflict and across the entire realm of spectrum operations will not decline. The spectrum is a part of the today s operational environment and the Army needs to leverage its advantages and protect its vulnerabilities. An area the size of this room Way Ahead: We must dominate the spectrum in complex terrain. UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO LTG Lovelace, ARCENT CDR

67 Electromagnetic Domain is a physical Warfighting Domain like the others (Land, Maritime, Air, and Space). It must be able to apply proponency with all DOTMLPF resources and leadership concepts within Army and Joint construct. Domain characterization: Maneuver Space Shaping Exploitation Management Offense Defense Domain Requirements: DOTMLPF Advocacy Proponency Resourcing Intellectual Capital

68 UNCLASSIFIED // FOUO A Volatile EM Domain BL: Electronic Warfare -Army, Joint, or Coalition -does not operate in a vacuum Understanding what else resides in the EME provides accurate, precise, and lethal/non-lethal EW effects SIGINT Optical I&W EO/IR/UV Sensors SSA ISTAR Imagery LADAR MTI/SAR Spectrum Mgt Spectrum Monitor Freq Mgt Voice/Data Effective and superior maneuver in the EME is critical EW superiority requires commensurate DOTMLPF capabilities as do operations conducted in air, land, sea, and space Planning, integrating and executing EW to see-first, understand-first, and then act-first is electromagnetic maneuver EWOS C-IED ESM C-RAM Platform Protection Electronic Surveillance Electronic Defence C- Command SEAD Electronic Warfare C-Sensor Electronic Attack C-Comms DEW/EMP LASER EMO Satcom Communication CIS Networks GSM/UWB Crypto Navigation P/V/T NAVWAR Radio Aids RADAR GPS Galileo ElectromagneticDomain

69 The Operational Environment In army and US joint doctrine the operational environment is described and evaluated using the variables of political, military, economic, social, infrastructure, and information with the addition of the physical environment and time (PMESII- PT). The physical environment originally comprised land and sea and grew to include air and space as these became increasingly relevant to daily life and warfare. The EM environment (EME) is also a physical environment, fundamental to life and activity of any sort on earth. Until recently the corresponding military domain, the EM Domain (EMD), has been missing from military thinking. Including the EMD as the final physical domain enables much more effective capability development in all the domains. Before considering the EME and EMD further, it is worth clarifying the place of information and cyber in the operational environment. As information is a separate item in PMESII-PT and cyber is defined by the DoD as a global domain within the information environment consisting of the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, including the Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers then cyber should not be separately included in the physical environments but seen instead as the warfighting domain in the information environment.

70 Even When You re on the Right Track You ll Get Run Over If You Just Sit There Mark Twain

71 Electromagnetic Domain is a physical Warfighting Domain like the others (Land, Maritime, Air, and Space). It must be able to apply proponency with all DOTMLPF resources and leadership concepts within Army and Joint construct. Domain characterization: Maneuver Space Shaping Exploitation Management Offense Defense Domain Requirements: DOTMLPF Advocacy Proponency Resourcing Intellectual Capital

72 EW - Reality Check To deliver the EW capabilities required by in future by commanders and operational forces we will need to: Maximize the EW effects achievable Maximize the EW effects achievable At proportionately lower cost With less deployed support equipment Through better logistics Improved interoperability And fewer people.

73 EM Domain Lethal Weapons (UNCLAS) Type of weapon or system: RF guided eg SA-11, 20, UV guided eg SAM 7,14,16,20, RF triggered eg IEDs Laser guided Laser dazzle Directed energy Counter comms/command 1 Counter navigation 1 Counter sensor 1 Counter BFT/IFF 1 EM Many 20+ types, 1,000s deployed worldwide Very many 20+ types, 100,000s deployed Very many 12+ types, incalculable Many Many freely available, COTS, Developing (classified) Many Increasing Increasing Increasing 1. A soldier without C2, navigation, blue force tracking or sensors is a very vulnerable soldier

74 Comparison of EM & Cyber Domains -Warfighters Perspective Attribute: Operational Doctrine ROE Level of employment Used to protect soldiers Used to exploit enemy Precise effects Known collateral Lethality (can it be used to kill, maim or shock?) Proponents Resources an issue? EM Yes Yes Op/tactical Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Few G3G6 Yes Cyber No Not yet Strategic? Possibly Yes No No No More G2 Apparently not

75 Comparison of EM & Cyber Domains -Warfighters Perspective Recent Mortality EM Cyber Mortality: Allied forces killed (RCIED) Allied forces injured (RCIED) Allied losses (MANPADS) Enemy & collateral - LGB Night vision devices -enemy IR sensors enemy forces Visual sensor - enemy forces IP Address Attacks -lethal x,000 10x, xx,000 x,000? x,000? x,000? N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a None?

76 An Agenda for the EW community: Recognise our role, that of EW proponents in the EM environment/em Domain and the role of the EME/EMD in warfare Agree and promulgate common philosophy, concepts, definitions and doctrine Develop a manifesto to provide our nations and warfighters with the EM capability they need now and for the future across all lines of development. Advocate the use of the EM environment, its capabilities and effects, in support of the other operating environments Ensure the integrity of all forms of EW and EMO as military thinkers continue to evolve or re-package ideas Provide leadership and advocacy

77 The Bottom Line Recognize the EM environment/domain Recognize the key role of EW within it Develop effects based EM & EW capabilities Learn how these help the other war fighting environments (including the information environment and cyber) Move on!

78 US EMD Concept Development: Some thoughts The EMD is an operational environment which bridges the other physical domains. Reliance on EM energy in the battlespace is widespread and increasing. The US should progressively develop a seamless approach to EM ops and EM ops support to include development of an EM battle-staff and core EM competence for ALL combat forces and those which support them. The EM domain is pervasive; a joint approach to EM operations (EMO) is key. Coalition operations are especially demanding in terms of the EMD and EMO which must be taken account of as early and thoroughly as possible. Security must be right not under-classified and NOT over-classified. Top level championship of the EMD is vital. A powerful and responsive scientific and industrial baseline is needed to counter the threat from the EMD but also to create new weapons and ideas. A through life approach to equipment is essential. Language is most important so that ALL can relate to maneuver in the EMD shaping, exploitation, management, defense and offense. All DOTMLPF lines of development must be fully addressed. Need to get going and get some momentum

79 QUESTIONS?

80 On becoming Watch your thoughts; they become words. Watch your words; they become actions. Watch your actions; they become habits. Watch your habits; they become character. Watch your character; it becomes your destiny. Frank Jackson - Outlaw