Contributing to poverty Alleviation through Regional Energy Planning in Indonesia (CAREPI)

Transcription

1 Contributing to poverty Alleviation through Regional Energy Planning in Indonesia (CAREPI) Deliverable No. 1: Inception Report N.H. van der Linden (ECN) K.E.L. Smekens (ECN) C. Budiono (GTZ) Intelligent Energy Europe, COOPENER action April 2007

2 Acknowledgement This report presents the result of the inception phase of the CAREPI project which ran from 1 January 2007 to 1 April The CAREPI project aims to develop institutional and technical capacity in selected regions in Indonesia for conducting energy policy analysis and providing improved energy services to poor communities, in order to alleviate poverty and contribute to sustainable development. The CAREPI project is partly funded the European Commission and implemented by the Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) together with Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, Germany, Entec Consultancy & Engineering, Switzerland, and five organisations from Indonesia: Data and Information centre of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (DICEMR), Institute for Research and Community Empowerment of the Institute of Technology of Bandung (ITB), Center for Regional Energy Management (PUSPER) of the Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta, Electric Engineering Department, University of Sumatra Utara and the University of Mataram. The project is registered under ECN project number The sole responsibility for the content of this report lies with the authors. It does not represent the opinion of the European Communities. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. Abstract The inception phase of the CAREPI project lasted from November 2006 to March 2007 and was meant to discuss the proposed approach among the project team members, to launch the project in the selected target regions in Indonesia and to revise the work plan, if needed. The inception report presents the findings of the inception phase and the progress achieved so far for each of the nine work packages. The main observations include: Regional opening seminars were held in North Sumatra, West Nusa Tenggara, Yogyakarta and Central Java to launch the CAREPI project and inform the local stakeholders about the objectives and envisaged activities of the project. The energy forum and energy technical team have been approved and established in Central Java and West Nusa Tenggara. In North Sumatra and Yogyakarta proposals for the establishment have been submitted to the regional government but a formal decision has not been taken yet. A Project Advisory Committee comprising representatives from the regions, the Indonesian Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and the project donors will be established soon. Capacity building activities have been identified concerning energy modelling and data collection & processing and conducting feasibility studies for micro-hydro projects. Training will be given to the technical teams in the target regions in the first six months of the project duration on the LEAP energy model and on technical, social and financial aspects of developing micro hydro projects. A number of potential locations for micro hydro projects have been identified by the technical team in each region and some of these locations have been visited by the CAREPI project team to assess the suitability of the location for inclusion in the feasibility phase. The inception phase did not result in changes in the CAREPI project time table or the list of deliverables. 2

3 Contents List of tables 4 List of figures 4 1. Introduction 5 2. Brief description of the launching of the CAREPI project Kick off meeting and regional opening seminars Current status regional energy forums and technical teams Links with other relevant ongoing activities in Indonesia 7 3. Major issues identified during the inception phase Major issues for WP1: General Management Major issues for WP2: Identification of energy-related needs and priorities of poor communities Major issues for WP3: Assistance of regional technical team Major issues for WP4: Institutional strengthening of regional energy forum Major issues for WP5: Capacity Development Major issues for WP6: Regional energy outlook and development of regional pro-poor strategy Major issues for WP7: Facilitation of access to energy services Major issues for WP8: Communication & Dissemination Major issues for WP9: Common Dissemination Activities CAREPI project time table 16 Appendix A Agenda and minutes of the kick off meeting 17 Appendix B Report on the launching of CAREPI in the target regions, February 26 to March 6, Appendix C Local media coverage of opening seminars 31 Appendix D Composition technical teams and energy forums in West Nusa Tenggara and Central Java 32 Appendix E CAREPI leaflet 42 3

4 List of tables Table 3.1 LEAP model structure 11 Table 3.2 Profiles of potential micro hydro sites in West Nusa Tenggara 13 Table 3.3 Profiles of potential micro hydro sites in Yogyakarta 14 Table 3.4 Profiles of potential micro hydro sites in North Sumatra 15 Table 4.1 CAREPI project time table 16 Table B.1 Overview of the mission s itinerary 23 List of figures Figure 3.1 Indonesian regions with energy databases developed (green) and being developed in CAREPI (dark red) 10 Figure 3.2 The MHP project is integrated into the Teres Genit irrigation project which was constructed in 1994e 13 Figure 3.3 The majority of the civil structure is still in good condition and could be put back into operation for the MHP relatively easily. 13 Figure 3.4 The front view of MHP site of Banjarharjo 14 Figure 3.5 The back/top view of MHP site of Banjarharjo 14 Figure B.1 Regional opening seminar at USU, Medan 25 Figure B.2 Presentation N. van der Linden at Regional Opening Seminar Medan 25 Figure B.3 Press coverage and interviews during seminar 25 Figure B.4 Regional Opening Seminar, Lombok 26 Figure B.5 Regional Opening Seminar, Lombok 26 Figure B.6 Press interview, Lombok 27 Figure B.7 Impression of potential micro-hydro site on Lombok 27 Figure B.8 Regional Opening Seminar Yogya 28 Figure B.9 Regional Opening Seminar Yogya 28 Figure B.10 Regional Opening Seminar, Semarang 29 Figure B.11 Regional Opening Seminar, Semarang 29 Figure B.12 Press interview head of regional energy office, Semarang 30 Figure B.13 CAREPI team invited by the head of the regional energy office (far right) 30 4

5 1. Introduction In January 2007, a contract was signed between the European Commission and the Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) relating to the implementation of the project: Contributing to poverty Alleviation through Regional Energy Planning in Indonesia (CAREPI) (grant agreement EIE/06/261/S ). The CAREPI project will be carried out within the framework of the Intelligent Energy-Europe Programme as part of the COOPENER programme. The CAREPI project is funded by the European Commission (50%) and the Dutch Government (50%). The project has officially commenced on 1 January 2007 and will run until 1 November The project will be implemented by the Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) and Entec from Europe and by the Data and Information Centre of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (DICEMR), University of Mataram, University Muhammadiyah of Yogyakarta, University Sumatera Utara and Institute Technology Bandung (ITB). The kick off meeting of the CAREPI project was held in Jakarta in November 2006, before the official start of the project. In February March 2007,opening seminars were held to launch the project in the four target regions: North Sumatra, Yogyakarta, Central Java and West Nusa Tenggara. The inception phase ran from 1 January 2007 to 1 April 2007 and its main purpose was to: Prepare and conduct a kick off mission in Jakarta with all project partners. Discuss the proposed approach and work plan among the project team. Establish the Project Advisory Committee. Get a good insight into the current status of the decentralisation process, especially in the four target regions. Launch the project in the four selected regions. Describe major issues identified during the inception phase. Prepare a detailed work plan and time schedule. Chapter 2 presents a description of the launching of the CAREPI project. In Chapter 3, the major issues identified in the inception phase are explained for each work package. Finally, in Chapter 4 the CAREPI project time table is presented. 5

6 2. Brief description of the launching of the CAREPI project 2.1 Kick off meeting and regional opening seminars The CAREPI official start date was 1 January 2007 but the kick off meeting was held earlier, namely from November The meeting was held in the Menara Peninsula hotel in Jakarta and attended by all project partners. The main purpose of the meeting was to: Discuss the financial arrangements and the subcontract. Discuss in detail the work plan and time schedule for each work package as presented in the annex I to the EC contract. Update a good understanding of the current energy situation in the target regions. Review the progress on the process of decentralisation in Indonesia. Discuss the composition of the regional technical teams and regional energy forums. Present the list of deliverables as presented in the annex I to the EC contract. The agenda and minutes of the meeting are presented in Appendix A. In the period from 22 February to 8 March 2007, opening seminars were held in the four target regions to launch the project and inform the main local stakeholders about the objectives and activities of CAREPI. The seminars were well attended ( attendants) and were covered by the local media (see Appendix C). The seminar s programme included presentations by the Data and Information Centre of the Ministry of Energy and Mines on the national energy and energy policy situation and by the regional energy office and the regional development planning agency (Bappeda) on the regional energy situation. The report on the regional opening seminars is presented in Appendix B. 2.2 Current status regional energy forums and technical teams The key body for regional energy policy formulation is the regional energy forum. The forum comprises representatives from the regional government, the private sector and civil society. The energy forum is responsible for formulating medium and long term energy policy for the region. The forum members are assisted by the regional technical team which is responsible for collecting energy-related data, developing and maintaining an integrated energy-economy model and developing energy scenarios. The technical team consists of representatives from local Universities and research organisations. The regional energy forum and technical team are currently being established. An assessment of the current institutional status conducted during the inception phase revealed that: Central Java: energy forum and technical team approved by regional government and included in regional budget. The composition of the team and forum is given in Appendix C. West Nusa Tengarra: energy forum and technical team approved by regional government and included in regional budget. The composition of the forum and technical team is given in Appendix C. Yogyakarta: proposal for energy forum and technical team submitted to the regional government along with budget request. It is expected that by June 2007 the energy forum can be in place. North Sumatra: energy forum and technical team not yet established. Proposal submitted to the government but discussion ongoing regarding the composition of the forum and technical team. 6

7 2.3 Links with other relevant ongoing activities in Indonesia Several donors have initiated activities related to the provision of energy to poor communities in Indonesia. The Indonesia The Netherlands Energy Working Group is involved in the development of a curriculum on renewable energy at various regional Universities. The World Bank has started the Electricity for All programme. SHELL Solar recently has extended its solar activities to Indonesia and several energy projects funded by the European Commission are currently implemented in Indonesia. It is important for CAREPI to carefully co-ordinate activities with these donors in order to avoid duplication of efforts and share experience. Within the framework of the Indonesia The Netherlands Energy Working Group, one of the donors of the CAREPI project, the University of Eindhoven is working on the development of a curriculum on renewable energy at the Universities of Mataram, Yogyakarta and Medan. CAREPI will participate in the train the trainers programme that will be implemented by the University of Eindhoven. It is foreseen that students from the three regional Universities will work on CAREPI as part of their thesis. The Electricity for all programme aims to increase the number of connections in four regions in Indonesia. Detailed surveys are currently being conducted to assess the particular energy needs in these regions and this information is particular relevant for CAREPI. A meeting is planned between CAREPI and the World Bank during the next mission of ECN to Indonesia to discuss possible ways of co-operation. SHELL Solar has already established programmes to install solar home systems in China, Philippines, Sri Lanka and India and recently started a similar programme in Indonesia. The programme aims to establish solar centres throughout Indonesia for the sales, installation and maintenance of solar systems. This is a very relevant activity for CAREPI because it improves access to electricity for communities that are not served by the central grid. The European Commission has just completed a project concerning energy surveys and profiles in a number of regions in Indonesia. A meeting was held during the inception phase with the Delegation of the European Commission in Jakarta to discuss this project and emphasise the relevance of the project for CAREPI. It was agreed that the CAREPI team would receive the final report on the EC project as soon as it is available. Two other Coopener projects of the 2006 tender round that have Indonesia as their regional focus were invited for contract negotiations. It was agreed with the EC project officer to liaise with these projects as soon as the negotiations would have been completed successfully. 7

8 3. Major issues identified during the inception phase In the original CAREPI project proposal the work has been structured according to nine work packages (WP). These WPs have been intensively discussed during the inception mission and in this section the main issues discussed and the proposed changes compared to the original WP description are presented for each WP. The resulting project time table is presented in Chapter Major issues for WP1: General Management Three major issues were discussed during the inception phase related to WP1: establishment of the project Advisory Committee, appropriate channels to facilitate the communication among the CAREPI partners and establishing links with other relevant ongoing activities in Indonesia. Project Advisory Committee The project proposal envisages the establishment of a project Advisory Committee (PAC). It was agreed that the PAC would consists of members who are not directly involved in the project but who have a relevant background and interested in the results of the CAREPI project. The PAC will include representatives from: each of the four target regions SenterNovem Delegation of the European Union in Jakarta Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Indonesia ECN GTZ The members will be invited to participate in the PAC in the first half of 2007 and a first PAC meeting, probably combined with the CAREPI project team meeting in Jakarta, is planned for the end of Mechanisms will be established to collect PAC s opinions electronically if decisions or advice are required in the course of the implementation of the project. Communication channels Regular communication among the team members is essential for a smooth implementation of the CAREPI project. The following communication channels have been identified and will be used in the course of the project: Project team meetings: these meetings are very important because of the face to face contact and the direct experience exchange among the teams. Three project team meetings to be attended by all project partners will be held in Jakarta: kick off meeting held in November 2006; second team meeting by the end of 2007 and the third team meeting by the end of Regular working meetings with the technical teams and energy forums in the selected regions. It is envisaged that during the first years of the project implementation, 3-4 working meetings will be held in the regions between ECN, ITB or GTZ and the technical team and/or the regional energy forum. These working meetings are meant to provide the necessary assistance to the teams and forums in the four regions, to monitor the progress and to respond to the direct needs in the region. will be the most frequent channel used for communication. 8

9 Ongoing project management The ongoing project management during the inception phase consisted of the following activities: Subcontracts were drawn up and signed between ECN and the local partners. ECN will look for possibilities to use a different payment schedule in the subcontract compared to the one used in the EC-ECN agreement, in order to address the cash flow problems of some of the local partners. A detailed planning of activities was drawn up by the local partners for the next six months. Main activities include the development of the LEAP energy model and the feasibility study for the selected micro hydro locations. The preparation of the present inception report is the first deliverable of the CAREPI project. 3.2 Major issues for WP2: Identification of energy-related needs and priorities of poor communities This WP aims to understand the energy-related needs and priorities of poor communities that have no access to the electricity grid or other forms of modern energy. It was agreed among the project team that the target locations for determining energy priorities should offer a range of conditions to allow the experiences to be widely replicated and thus should be representative for the region as a whole. Furthermore, because an energy needs assessment is also required for the development of micro hydro projects in the regions, it was decided that to the extent possible the same locations will be selected for the micro hydro activity and the needs assessment. The best way to determine energy-related needs of the target communities would ideally be to conduct extensive surveys. However, surveys are extremely expensive in terms of time and budget for designing survey instruments, collecting information and processing and interpreting data, such that large scale surveys in the four regions are beyond the scope of the CAREPI project. Therefore, this activity will be combined with the surveys planned for the micro hydro activity, possibly using a more extended questionnaire. The information obtained from these surveys will be supplemented by information from previous surveys or assessments (for example, the extensive surveys carried out as part of the Electricity for all programme). During the inception phase, several potential locations for developing micro hydro projects have been identified in the four target regions. These locations are described in more detail in Section Major issues for WP3: Assistance of regional technical team Already from the initial contacts with the regions, proposals for the location of the technical teams were already made. By the time of the inception mission in November 2006, the technical teams were formed and their internal administration adjusted. All teams will be located at universities in the regional capitals (Medan, Lombok and Yogyakarta). The team of Yogyakarta will also be the responsible for the work implemented in the Central Java region. Composition of the technical teams As teams located at universities, they will mainly consist of university staff from technical faculties, but often the team is extended to local officials from the regional energy office. This evolution is highly welcomed since it strengthens the technical teams embedding in the regional structure related to energy policy. In most regions, the technical teams are already nominated by the governor, in those were it is not yet the case, the expectations are that it will happen by mid Again this formalisation of the teams strengthens their position. 9

10 Data collection Part of the activities in this WP is the collection of energy and energy related data for each region. All teams had already started this and could report during the bilateral meetings after the opening seminars. They were quite unanimous in reporting their findings: The regional development planning agency BAPPEDA has extensive data on socioeconomic parameters like population and GDP development and forecasts. Data on electricity is of rather good quality and easily accessible through the regional branches of the national power company PLN. Data on other energy carriers, especially liquid fuels for transportation, are hardly available in sufficient detail or in a ready made format, contacts with the local branches of the national oil company Pertamina, which also seats in the Regional Energy Forum, may provide some data; ITB and ECN will support the regions with methodological issues to ensure that the energy databases and models can be completed. One of the sources that will be used to complete potential remaining gaps in energy and/or energy intensity data is a study performed by ITB on behalf of USAID in which energy models for 4 Indonesian regions (East Kalimantan, Riau, South Sulawesi and South Sumatra) were developed. Another source will be the recently completed EU funded energy profile study for a number (10?) of regions in Indonesia. Also current activities of the World Bank involving energy profiles or surveys could be used to develop an initial data set for the regions. The structure of the energy model as it was developed by ITB will also guide the data collection and preparation. Some regions mentioned difficulties in obtaining energy data since this recently has become a district responsibility and not an regional (provincial) one. Not all districts do collect data or complete sets of data. Some regions, like Central Java and West Nusa Tenggara, already have existing energy (mainly electricity) forecasts based on simple modeling which could be integrated into the regional energy models developed within CAREPI. Figure 3.1 Indonesian regions with energy databases developed (green) and being developed in CAREPI (dark red) 10

11 Table 3.1 LEAP model structure Demand Model Supply Model Main sector Subsector Main Sector Subsector Households Urban Electricity Generation - Grid Hydro Powerplant Rural Diesel PP Commercial Hotel and Lodging Gas Turbine PP Restaurant Gas Combined Cycle Wholesale and Retail Trade Geothermal PP Financial & Business Service Coal Steam PP Amusement & Recreation Service Nat. Gas Steam PP Social Service Oil Steam PP Industry Food, Beverage & Tobacco Electricity Generation - Isolated Hydro Powerplant Textile Diesel PP Wood & Other Wood Products Solar PV Pulp, Paper & Printing Oil Refinery (conditional) Fertilizer, Chemical & Rubber Prod Coal Briquette Factory (conditional) Cement & Non Metallic Mining Prod. Ethanol Factory (conditional) Iron & Basic Steel Biodiesel Factory (conditional) Machinery Natural Gas Production (conditional) Other Manufacturing Prod. Crude Oil Production (conditional) Transport Passenger Car Coal Production (conditional) Motorcycle Peat Production (conditional) Bus Truck Main Driver Railway Regional GDP Ferry & River Trans. Population Sea Transport Air Transport Other Sectors Agriculture Mining Construction 3.4 Major issues for WP4: Institutional strengthening of regional energy forum The energy forums in West Nusa Tenggara and Central Java have been established and are operational. Proposals for the establishment of the forums in North Sumatra and Yogyakarta are submitted to the regional government and are currently being evaluated. No activities have been carried out during the inception phase for this work package. First training for the members of the regional energy forums is planned end of Major issues for WP5: Capacity Development This capacity building WP runs through almost all other WPs within the CAREPI projects as illustrated in the project overview in the Annex I to the contract. Therefore its outcome will benefit directly other WP and activities within. During the inception phase, the following needs for capacity have been identified by the regional teams: - energy data collection and preparation methodology - energy modeling - performing feasibility studies for micro-hydro projects (and potentially other smallscale renewable projects). Energy data collection and preparation As described in section 3.3, most regions are confronted with scattered and possible incomplete energy data availability. Since the CAREPI budget does not allow performing extensive or large scale energy surveys, best practices will be developed to complete gaps in data. These practices will consist of use of comparative data from other existing studies or surveys, derived data from other sources outside Indonesia and the expertise available in the project team. 11

12 Energy modeling For each of the technical teams, and also open for other members of the regional energy stakeholder group, a specific training session on energy modeling with the LEAP formulation will be held in April This week long sessions will also look into the data collection and preparation in order to feed them into the regional energy model databases. The model training itself will consist of a part regarding the familiarization with the model set up and structure and of a part regarding the use of the model to analyse energy scenarios. These training sessions will be given by ITB and methodologically supported by ECN. Feasibility studies for micro hydro projects Following the training on the energy modeling tool, another series of regional trainings will follow in May 2007 regarding the selection and (pre)feasibility studies of the identified micro hydro projects (see also section 3.7). During this training session, GTZ will use its experience gained in previous projects to assist the technical teams in performing a similar study by themselves. The training will consist of the screening of the initial selected sites (and reduce the number of CAREPI sites to maximum 3 per region), of the use of the specially developed forms to assess the sites and to perform the (pre)feasibility study itself. In a later stage, the necessary steps to complete the financial (funding) scheme for the projects will be elaborated. As requested by DICEMR, ECN will investigate if and how the expertise regarding (pre)feasibility studies for micro-hydro projects could also be extended to other forms of renewable energy. examples given at the inception phase are Jathropa plantations for bio-oil production and waste. 3.6 Major issues for WP6: Regional energy outlook and development of regional pro-poor strategy No activities have been carried out for this work package during the inception phase. 3.7 Major issues for WP7: Facilitation of access to energy services This section presents the data/information collected related to identified micro hydro projects (MHP) sites as proposed by the regional team from the 4 regions - North Sumatera, Central Java, Yogyakarta and West Nusa Tenggara. This data provides a basis for further elaboration during the training to be implemented in each of the regions which is tentatively scheduled for May The CAREPI project team had the opportunity to meet and discuss with the regional teams from Yogyakarta, Central Java and West Nusa Tenggara. A visit, meeting and discussion with the regional team from North Sumatera was not yet possible. The summary of the mission itinerary is as follows: Visit to three potential locations for MHP prefeasibility study (Pre/FS) in Yogyakarta Meeting with regional team of West Nusa Tenggara at Mataram University (UNRAM) Participate in the seminar on Regional Energy Planning in Mataram Meeting with regional team of Yogyakarta at Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta (UMY) Participation in the seminar on Regional Energy Planning in Yogyakarta Discussion with Mr. Joko (member of regional team of Central Java) of Diponegoro University (UNDIP) Discussions with the regional teams were mainly to learn more about the site identification progress and selection criteria applied by the regional teams. As discussed, the selection criteria 12

13 shall include among others potential for providing access to electricity via MHP, accessibility of the sites, quality of current electricity and energy services, estimation of energy demand, and potential application of electricity for productive uses. West Nusa Tenggara Four sites were visited by the regional team of West Nusa Tenggara, namely: Teres Genit, Air Berik, Tepal and Kawidatoi. The profile of these four sites is presented in the following Table. Table 3.2 Profiles of potential micro hydro sites in West Nusa Tenggara No Name Flow rate [lt/s] Gross Head [m] Hydraulic P. [kw] No. of Houses 1 Teres Genit Air Berik Tepal Kawidatoi From the discussion with the Regional team of West Nusa Tenggara, the Teres Genit site is proposed to be the site selected for Pre/FS Case Study. This decision was based on the following reasons: The three hamlets which will benefit from the proposed MHP currently have no access to electricity The site is located in North Lombok and is relatively accessible (it takes approximately 2 hours by car from Mataram plus 30 minutes walk); The local community shows a high level of commitment to the development of the scheme. Formerly a MHP scheme was constructed in Teres Genit site in 1997 to supply approximately 200 households within the four hamlets of the Teres Genit village. The relatively simple scheme exploits a drop structure of approximately 22m in height in an irrigation network. Its construction formed a sub-component of the Teres Genit irrigation system, constructed in 1994, financed by the Ministry of Public Works. With no capacity building measures provided to assist in establishing a suitable institutional and management set-up the scheme operated for only 3 years before it went into disrepair. Currently there only remain some of the civil structures which could be re-used. All electro-mechanical equipment and distribution lines have since been removed. Figure 3.2 The MHP project is integrated into the Teres Genit irrigation project which was constructed in 1994 Figure 3.3 The majority of the civil structure is still in good condition and could be put back into operation for the MHP 13

14 relatively easily. Yogyakarta A total of 27 sites have been identified by the Regional Team from Yogyakarta. Together with the regional team, the author had the opportunity to visit the most promising of these sites, namely: Banjarharjo, Sorotanan1 and Sorotanan2. A brief profile of these sites is as follows: Table 3.3 Profiles of potential micro hydro sites in Yogyakarta No Name Flow rate [lt/s] Gross Head [m] Hydraulic P. [kw] 1 Banjarharjo Semawung Semawung No. of Houses All the above sites would exploit drops in existing irrigation channels and, therefore, the water flow remains relatively stable throughout the year. Moreover, all the sites can be easily accessed from Yogyakarta within approximately 1 hour. Based on discussions with the regional team of Yogyakarta and the findings of the sites visited it is apparent that all the proposed sites already have access to PLN grid electricity. Considering this, it is deemed that the most appropriate approach to sustainable development of the regions water resources is through the development of grid connected (on-grid) MHP s. Based on this decision it has been decided that the development of the Banjarharjo site is the most attractive as this possess the highest hydraulic potential and would likely be financially viable to be developed. Figure 3.4 The front view of MHP site of Banjarharjo Figure 3.5 The back/top view of MHP site of Banjarharjo Central Java Up to now the regional team from Central Java is still investigating the sites to be proposed for MHP Pre/FS capacity building. Tentatively the team has indicated only one site which is located in the district of Banjarnegara. District Banjarnegara can be reached within approximately 3-4 hours drive from Semarang. A brief profile of the location will be provided by the regional team of Central Java shortly. 14

15 North Sumatera A site proposal for MHP development from the regional team of North Sumatera was received as follows: Table 3.4 Profiles of potential micro hydro sites in North Sumatra No Name Flow rate [lt/s] Gross Head [m] Hydraulic Pot. [kw] No. of Houses 1 Aek Bontar, Tapanuli Tengah Mburidi, Tanah Karo In the meantime the CAREPI team has sent request to Regional Team of North Sumatera, to describe in more detail the logistics of the sites (e.g. means of transportation, time required to reach the site, and on-site accommodation) as a consideration in the final selection of the site as location for the training and subsequent follow up. In order to optimize the time and outputs of the MHP training, the CAREPI team has advised the Regional Team to select a reasonably accessible site. 3.8 Major issues for WP8: Communication & Dissemination This work package addresses the essential needs for ongoing dissemination of results throughout the duration of the project, as well as the need for effective communication between all key market actors involved or associated with the work. No major changes were made to this work package in the inception phase. One key deliverable of this work package is the establishment and regular updating of the CAREPI website. The website was launched in February 2007, and it contains a brief description of the project, description of the partners, reports and links to relevant resources. The web address is During the inception phase, a CAREPI project leaflet was produced. The leaflet contains the key project information such as objectives, approach, deliverables and composition of the project team. The leaflet is available in Bahasa Indonesia and in English. The leaflet has been handed out to the participants of the opening seminars in the four target regions. The leaflet is included in Appendix D. 3.9 Major issues for WP9: Common Dissemination Activities No activities have been carried out for this work package during the inception phase. 15

16 4. CAREPI project time table Table 4.1 presents the project time table which is identical to the time table presented in Annex I of the grant agreement except that two month are added at the beginning of the project. The official start date of the project according to the grant agreement is 1 January 2007, but the kick off meeting and other preparatory activities were carried in the 2-month period preceding this date. Table 4.1 CAREPI project time table Duration of the project (in months) WP 1: Management WP2: Energy needs WP3: Technical Team WP4: Energy Forum WP5:Capacity Development WP6:Energy Outlook WP7:Access to Energy WP8: Communication WP9:Common Dissemination Project meetings Project reports to EC Project deliverables x x x x x X x D1 D19 D7- D12 D2 D3 D4 D10 D6 D8 D13 D9 D18 D11 - D17 (*) The submission deadline for the Final Report is month 36 at the latest (60 days after the end of the action), but no cost will be claimed for these two months. D14 D15 - D16 16

17 Appendix A Agenda and minutes of the kick off meeting Agenda kick-off meeting CAREPI project November 2006, Jakarta, Indonesia Location: Jakarta Peninsula Hotel Participants: MEMR/DICEMR : Mr Sukma, Mr Sutijastoto, Mr Iman, Ms Etna ECN: Koen Smekens, Nico van der Linden GTZ: Roman Ritter ITB: Oetomo Tri Winarno PUSPER: Hermawan, Surya Budi Lesmana UNRAM: Hadi Sutrisno EED-USU: Soeharwinto, Usman Baafai Entec AG: Mark Hayton Table A.1: Agenda of the CAREPI kick off meeting Tuesday, 21 November Introduction by Nico van der Linden (WP1, WP8, WP9) - background to the project - reporting requirements, project steering committee, international conference, project website - communication among the project team members Regional Energy Outlook (WP3, WP5, WP6) - overview of approach: data collection, energy modeling and scenario development by Koen Smekens (see Annex A) - presentations by regional teams on current status - work plan (All) Lunch Development of Energy Supply Projects (WP 7) - overview of current micro hydro activities in Indonesia by Roman Ritter (see Annex B) - identification and development of mini-hydro projects in selected regions by Roman Ritter - presentations by regional teams on current status (regional teams) - work plan (all) Administrative & contractual issues by Nico van der Linden Dinner 17

18 Wednesday, 22 November Pro-poor Energy Strategies (WP2) - overview of approach: selection of target communities, identification of energy needs and priorities by Nico van der Linden (see Annex C) - presentations by regional teams on current status (regional teams) - work plan (all) Regional Energy Forum (WP4) - task and responsibilities of regional energy forum by F.X. Sutijastoto - presentations by regional teams on progress regarding the deregulation process and establishment of the regional energy forum (regional teams) - work plan (all) Lunch Preparation and presentation of work plan by technical teams - identification and summary of regional capacity and training needs by Oetomo Tri Winardo End of Meeting 18

19 Minutes of CAREPI kick off meeting Jakarta, Menara Peninsula hotel November 2006 Present: DICEMR : Sukma (partial), Sutijastoto (partial), Etna (partial), Arafin(partial) ITB: Oetomo GTZ: Roman Ritter, Chayun Pusper (Yogya/Central Jawa)): Sri Atmaja, Bledug Kusumu P., Lilies Setiartiti, Joko Windarto EED-USU (Medan): Usam Baafai, Soeharwinto UNRAM (Mataram): Rosmaliah, Hadisutrisno ECN: Nico van der LInden, Koen Smekens Tuesday 21 November 2006 This kick off meeting was intended to enable the technical teams from the 3 regions (North Sumatra, Yogyakarta/Central Java and West Nusa Tenggara) to discuss the proposed programme and timeline of work and to give an update of region specific information relevant to the CAREPI project (see also Annex A the agenda). The meeting opened at am with opening remarks by Mr Sukma, head of DICEMR in which he welcomed the participants and stressed the importance given to this project by the Ministry. He hoped for a successful meeting, but excused him for not staying on since he needed to leave for another meeting. As this was the first time that the people from the regional teams met each other the previous meetings were held in each region separately the meeting continued with a personal presentation round by each of the participants. After this, Mr Nico van der Linden started the actual meeting with a presentation introducing the CAREPI project, its purpose and the major elements, its composition and the major expected outcomes (see Annex B). Next Mr Koen Smekens introduced the work related to the ultimate delivery of the Regional Energy Outlook (delivery D14 of the project). This work covers both work package WP 3 on the regional technical teams, on WP6 (outlook) and on WP5 (capacity building) (Annex C). Following this presentation, clarification was asked between D9 (a report on the energy situation and selected scenarios) and D14 (the regional energy outlook). The D9 report is rather technical in kind, describing the regional energy situation (detailed energy balance), the energy planning tool developed during the project (the LEAP model, which was agreed upon to be used in CAREPI) and some illustrative scenarios showing was is possible in using the tool. The D14 outlook report covers much more than only the technical planning description, it includes the regional energy policy implementation plans and the pro poor strategies. Also a clarification was requested for the consumption patterns needed for the model, what they are and for which end use levels they should be provided. Although the bulk of the work for WP3 falls in the first 20 months of the project, this does however not mean that the effort by the technical teams ends at that time. It is expected that the maintenance and application of the by then developed energy planning tool will continue under the auspices of the Regional Energy Forum, also beyond the CAREPI project final date. In the latter case, hopefully being funded by allocated regional budget. 19

20 Next the 3 regions presented their prepared work on the current status in their respective regions as asked before the meeting. The team from Yogyakarta started by giving an overview of their activities so far (Annex D): - they have collected energy and energy related data for 5 districts in Yogya and for 35 districts in Central Java; - they held a meeting with the regional energy office; - only electricity data is easily available (up to 2004 so far), but the data still need to be analysed for quality and completeness; - have contacted Pertarmina (state oil company) to gather fuel consumption data; - they have identified the regional potential for wind, biomass and waste, solar PV, mini hydro applications. The Central Java participant continues with a presentation on his region (Annex E) in which he also mentioned some socio-economic figures. As in Yogya, also here non electricity fuel consumption data are more difficult to gather. He also explained that the region had an own electrification ratio target of 75% by 2014, from the 66% currently. There is a difference between the electrification ratio at village level and the one on household level. Apparently a village is called electrified if 20 houses are connected, even if other parts of the village are not. The Medan team explained that in contrast to the other regions, no electricity or energy forum was in place yet. Therefore they foresee that they will need more effort to set up the energy forum.. Nevertheless they had already contacted the team of Mataram to inquire how to identify which persons should be contacted as data sources. However they have a detailed composition of the technical team (Annex F), on the potential for hydro and on the identified capacity building needs within the region and the technical team. Finally, the team from Mataram presented their prepared work (Annex G), including a potential estimate for renewables, the fact that a regional energy forum is in place (FORKENDA) which will facilitate the communication and outreach and the composition of the technical team which includes people from outside the university as well, including people from the local governmental departments. In the afternoon, Mr Roman Ritter presented the history and current status of the work by GTZ regarding mini hydro projects (MHPP) in Indonesia (Annex H). Especially the approach to implement mini hydro projects could also be used for other appropriate renewable projects in the regions. Since the mini hydro approach is quite well developed and GTZ is a project partner, CAREPI will primarily focus on pro poor energy access implementation by identified mini hydro projects. Quite a lot of the potential is still untapped and could easily be implemented seen the experience and material available. However, mini hydro will not be exclusively approached in the project, but renewables (like wave energy which was mentioned by one of the participants) may be far from market implementation and need much more development and research before they could become an option for the targeted communities (remote, poor villages). His second presentation covered the specific tasks under WP 7 (facilitation of access to energy) which is coordinated by GTZ and which will focus on the implementation of some MHPP in the selected regions (Annex I). His experience is that it take about 1 year from site identification to actual production, so the work plan will be adjusted accordingly as well as that from WP 2 (energy needs assessment) since there the potential sites are to be identified and selected. Finally, Mr van der Linden explained some details on the administrative part of the project, namely the contracts ECN will have with each of the local partners (Annex J). Draft contracts were handed out to the partners for further discussion and in order to enable them to comment on the proposed text. Also the financial scheme was explained, which is based on the EC common approach of having an initial lump sum payment of 15%, a first payment of 55% halfway the project and the remainder at the end of the project, when the final report has been approved. 20

21 The regional teams however would favour a more evenly spread payment of 15% at the start, 25% after month 8, 30% halfway and the remaining 20% at the end. This will be taken up with the financial department of ECN which will have to approve such a scheme since it puts the risks on ECN in the case of non-delivery by the teams. Wednesday 22 November 2006 Mr Sutijastoto from MEMR/DICEMR presented an overview of the national energy situation and outlook as well as on the policy towards the regional energy planning development. (Annex K). He did not cover how the ministry will cover WP4 (regional energy forums). Next, Mr van der Linden covered the energy needs and pro poor activities within CAREPI (Annex L). It would be preferential to combine the locations or sites identified in WP2 and WP7. However one should avoid creating high expectations from the beginning of the selection process, many more steps and elements are needed before a successful project implementation can be achieved. Regarding poverty, each region has another threshold level based on BPS, which is furthermore differentiated for urban and rural areas. It is expected that the technical teams will be able to collect sufficient data to distinguish these different categories. How and how intense to survey the selected locations is difficult to estimate at this moment, practice will show. Finally Mr Oetomo presented a more detailed approach he and the regional technical teams agreed for WP3 and WP6. This triggered some questions about what kind activities in this fields the teams are supposed to do after the end of WP6 (month 26). It was explained that they should be prepared to update their energy database and when requested by the energy forum also update the energy scenarios. As additional information, Mr Ritter and Chayun gave an overview of the content of the community survey forms they apply for a potential MHPP site and installation. These forms exist in English as well as in Indonesian, reducing the application barrier. Of course, these forms are focusing on MHPP, but ECN will see if with the experience gained in EC-South Africa APPLES project where a similar survey form has been developed a new more general and common applicable form can be made up, enabling the outreach to more forms of renewable energy. 21

22 Annex A: agenda of the meeting Annex B: presentation on CAREPI introduction Annex C: presentation on outlook Annex D: presentation from Yogya Annex E: presentation from Central Java Annex F: presentation from North Sumatra Annex G: presentation from NTB Annex H: presentation on MHPP Annex I: presentation on energy access Annex J: presentation on administrative matters Annex K : presentation on national energy and energy planning issues Annex L : presentation on pro poor energy issues 22

23 Appendix B Report on the launching of CAREPI in the target regions, February 26 to March 6, 2007 The visit started on Monday, 26 February Table 1 gives an overview of the itinerary of the mission and the purpose of the visits. Next, brief descriptions are presented of the main points discussed during the visits and meetings. Table B.1 Overview of the mission s itinerary Day Host/Location Purpose of the meeting/visit 26 February Morning GTZ/ENTEC (DGEEU of-fices), Brief discussion with Mr Hayton about Jakarta the implementation of the micro-hydro work package in CAREPI 27 February Morning DICEMR offices, Jakarta Afternoon - Meeting with Mr Arifin and Mrs Etna (DICEMR) - Brief discussion of the programme and logistics for the visits. - Collection of flight tickets for visits Evening - Flight to Medan University of North Sumatra, - Regional opening seminar Medan Afternoon - Technical team meeting. Evening Hotel Polonia, Medan - Diner with technical team 28 February Morning - Flight to Mataram via Jakarta and Yogya 01 March Morning Hotel Lombok Raya, Mataram - Regional opening seminar Afternoon - Technical team meeting 02 March Afternoon - Flight to Yogya (with diversion to Surabaya due to bad weather) 03 March Morning Regional government offices, - Regional opening seminar Yogyakarta Afternoon - Technical team meeting 04 March All day - Road trip to Semarang 05 March Morning Regional government offices, - Regional opening seminar Semarang 06 March Morning - Flight to Jakarta Evening - Return flight to Amsterdam Koen Smekens 07 March - Meeting with GTZ 08 March - Meeting at Dutch embassy 09 March Evening - Return flight to Amsterdam Nico van der Linden 23

24 26 February, Jakarta Meeting with Mark Hayton, Entec Briefly over objectives and practical arrangements to carry out WP7. Apparently Yogya and Mataram have put up a preliminary list of about 10 sites for MHPP (according to Chayun). Nothing has been heard of North Sumatra at that time, in the meantime, contacts were made and information exchanged It would be good if the regional teams could reduce this list to 2-3 really interesting sites for which the whole assessment and feasibility study could be carried out. GTZ/Entec hope to be able to visit the teams around April/May By then, the forms A of the MHPP procedure should and could be completed. The forms should be made available to Chayun and GTZ/Entec. Chayun will act as primary contact for this part of WP7. During their visit GTZ/Entec will train the regional team in the further full completion of a MHPP project track. The training material is in the phase of being finalized and will be ready for the planned training sessions. The participants should consist of persons with a background in: - Civil engineering - Survey - Mechanical engineering - Electric engineering - Socio-economics Ideally, by the end of the year 2007, a complete (financial) proposal could be submitted to the (local/regional) government or financers in order to have it included in the 2008 budget. If all proceeds well, by mid 2008, the project could start and taking into account a construction period of 6 months, the MHPP could be up and running by early This timeframe differs considerably from the one presented by Roman during the November meeting, there, a timeframe of 9 months between site selection and implementation was presented. In the meantime a second round of projects could be processed for financing in 2009, with possible implementation in February, Medan, North Sumatra Meeting venue: University of North Sumatra (USU) About attendants At 9h15 the meeting (agenda, see Annex I) started with the introductionary speeches by Mr. Usman, the focal point for the CAREPI team at the university, the rector of the university and a presentation by Mr. N. van der Linden (Annex II). After these speeches, the head of the regional energy office, Mr. Tambunan, which we also met on our first visit in January 2006, opened officially the regional energy seminar and future activities. In his speech he mentioned the fact that two potential sites for micro hydro have been identified. After the coffee break the meeting continued chaired by Mr. Ucok Siagian, Head of the Center for Energy Policy Studies ITB. Presentations were given by DICEMR and Bappeda, the regional planning office (Annex III and IV). The discussion following the presentations comprised of 7 interventions which were quite lengthy answered by DICEMR, Bappeda and ITB. One question related to ECN and concerned the reason why micro-hydro was explicitly part of the CAREPI project. The reply was that firstly GTZ is part of the project team and they have a large experience with micro-hydro projects and secondly there is still a large potential, including low hanging fruits, of hydro untapped in Indonesia. 24

25 Figure B.1 Regional opening seminar at USU, Medan Figure B.2 Presentation N. van der Linden at Regional Opening Seminar Medan Figure B.3 Press coverage and interviews during seminar In the afternoon, a meeting with the technical team was planned in order to discuss in detail a number of CAREPI related issues (Annex V). They have received the contract and returned it signed, also the first payment was received. Since there is a time lag between efforts by the team and future payment, Mr. Nico will try to see if the cofinancing from SenterNovem can be paid to all teams in advance of the EC payment in order to secure sufficient funds for continuous working. The regional teams are asked to nominate a person to become part of the CAREPI Project Advisory Committee (PAC). This person should not be directly involved in the project but be on the level about its contents and objectives. This person can have a governmental or scientific affiliation; we do not have a preference and would like to leave the assignment to the regional teams. The PAC will be asked to comment on CAREPI project documents send around electronically; no formal (physical) meetings of the PAC are foreseen. Ideally the person should be known soon so his name can be included in the inception report. The technical team is not yet formally set up, they want to await the LEAP training session before doing so; also some external (non USU) people will be cont(r)acted to be involved in the data collection. Also the regional energy forum (REF) has not be established; however a proposal about its structure and composition was submitted to the regional government, based on material they have received on the Lombok situation where such a forum is already in place. 25

26 PLN and Pertamina have regional corporate plans, also Bappeda has regional forecasts and DINAS (the regional energy office) has regional energy consumption forecasts. Data will be mainly based on available material from PLN and Bappeda, however, other sources or studies will be needed; the structure of the energy model will guide them in the collection of data. The training on the energy model (LEAP) is foreseen round the 2 nd week of April and will be given by ITB, as said the attendants will be both from the technical team as from outsiders involved in data collection; the course will consist of a three day course on the use of the LEAP model and on data collection as well. They foresee about one month needed to complete the energy profile, after that they can start working on the model. A detailed concrete action plan for the coming months will be set up. Regarding micro hydro, two possible locations have been identified: one round Tapian Nauli (some 450 km south of Medan near the west coast of North Sumatra) and one round Kabanjahe, some 150 km south-southwest of Medan in the highlands round Lake Toba. Apparently both locations are difficult to reach and this was a (budgetary) concern of the technical team; it was agreed that GTZ will follow up on the site visits and studies; at the same time as the site visits, the needs assessment will be done. It was agreed that the technical team will provide a short (couple of pages) summary of the seminar including something on attendance, the discussions and a conclusion. 1 March, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara Meeting venue: hotel Lombok Raya in Mataram city About attendants The meeting started later than planned because the organisers waited for the provincial secretary (sort of vice-governor) to arrive. The chair of the meeting was formed by the mentioned secretary, the vice rector of the university of Mataram, Mr. N. van der Linden, Mr. Sukma Hasibuan of DICEMR and the head of the regional energy office. Prof Hadi, the focal point for CAREPI, opened the meeting (agenda see Annex VI). After the introductionary speeches and after the press conference (see Annex VII), the meeting continued with the DICEMR presentation and very informative presentations from the regional economic bureau, Bappeda and DINAS/Distamben (the regional energy office) (Annex VIII). These presentations were followed by a broad discussion with 4 lengthy interventions, replied by the presentors. Prof Hadi closed the meeting round 13h00. Figure B.4 Regional Opening Seminar, Lombok Figure B.5 Regional Opening Seminar, Lombok 26

27 Figure B.6 Press interview, Lombok Figure B.7 Impression of potential micro-hydro site on Lombok In the afternoon, the technical team meeting took place according the same agenda (Annex V). All administrative matters are settled. A person for the PAC will be nominated. The region has already a technical team agreed by the governor (see Annex IX), and has already met. Also the REF has been approved; based on the existing electricity forum; they meet about twice a year but can be called upon to meet when needed. A regional electricity plan already exists, it should be integrated in the CAREPI scenario studies. Central Lombok has already a programme to install solar PV and micro hydro. Data collection is available for electricity, for the other energy carriers there is a problem since currently data collection is now a district responsibility and quality and even collection is diverse (non existing) across districts. ITB will provide a template for data collection based on the proposed structure for the energy model (Annex X). The energy model training is scheduled to take place in the 3 rd week of April. On February 28 they met with Mr. Chayun of GTZ and visited 4 selected micro hydro sites: 2 on Lombok island (round Batukliang in central Lombok, about 30 km east of Mataram) and round Batukoq in north Lombok about 55 km north-east of Mataram) and 2 on Sumbawa island (one around Riuatas (Tepal) about 130 km east of Mataram and one around Kawinda on the north coast of central Sumbawa). The three first mentioned sites did have already a micro hydro system in the past but due to various reasons they broke down and were never repaired. This means that quite a lot of the needed infrastructure is still in place (canals, pump houses, ), nevertheless new turbines and grid systems are needed. All of the sites are in the range 20-40kW. A start has already been made in filling the GTZ forms for the feasibility study of the sites. The sites on Lombok are the most likely ones to be completed within the CAREPI project. 3 March, Yogyakarta, DIY Meeting venue: Bangsal Radya Suyoso Meeting Hall, Kepatihan Regional Administration Complex About attendants The introductionary part of the meeting (agenda see Annex XI) was chaired by Mr. Sukma, Mr. Nico, PUSPER and the head of the regional office for industry, trade, and cooperative (2 levels above regional energy office). 27

28 The second part of the seminar consisted of the DICEMR presentation followed by Mr. Setyoso, the head of Bappeda (regional office for regional development planning) and Mr. Hardjoko, executive staff of regional office for industry, trade, and cooperative (Disperindagkop) (see Annex XII). The discussion afterwards, guided by PUSPER resulted in 3 interventions where now the replies were much longer than the questions. At the meeting, we were approached by a member from another university in Yogya, Dr- Ing.,Agus Maryono, (Universitas Gadjah Mada) which had a master programme for (energy, including micro hydro) technology and they would like to include more on energy. They should be put in contact with the TUE within the EWG programme to develop further cooperation. Figure B.8 Regional Opening Seminar Yogya Figure B.9 Regional Opening Seminar Yogya The technical meeting in the afternoon combined both the Yogyakarta and Central java team. All administrative matters are settled, there are no questions. A person for the PAC will be nominated. The technical teams, since they were also present at the kick off meeting in November 2006 with 2 persons from Yogya and 1 from Central Java, will consist for Yogya of 2 PUSPER members and 1 from the regional energy office and for Central Java of 3 from a local university and 1 regional official, the coordination of both teams will be done by 4 members of PUSPER. For the REF in Yogya, a budget request has been forwarded to the regional parliament (DPRD Province of Yogya) which will discuss it in March 2007, hopefully the REF can be in place by June the same year; After June, some seminars will be held in order to take some energy issues in Yogya and will be followed with the regional meeting for REF deregulation (it is planned that REF will legalized by a governor decree); for Central Java a general energy forum existed in 2006, but they are not sure if the same forum will also exist in 2007, perhaps with different composition or not even at all, the team will discuss the necessity to continue with all stakeholders. Yogya has already an electrification policy in place, a valuable element for future CAREPI scenarios. The Yogya team has already collected most data according to the model structure but transportation data may be a problem, both ITB and ECN will support the team in completing the gaps into useful data for the model. The Yogya team has short listed about 25 sites fro micro hydro of which 3 or 4 for are prioritized; disadvantage of this region is that it is already highly electrified (to Indonesian standards), this may hamper the socio-economic feasibility of the projects; the 3 sites are around Kalibawang, in the north-west of the region,20 km north west of the city of Yogya, 28

29 of which one is about 200 kw, the other two about 40 kw in size; in central Java one site around Banjarnegara, about 90 km south west of Semarang has been identified but not yet visited. Mr. Toto of DICEMR raised to issue of extending the micro hydro feasibility studies to other energy sources (especially Jatropha based biofuels); is so far the existing methodology can be extended it will be investigated, but the project funds are insufficient to perform a complete large scale study. 5 March, Semarang, Central Java Meeting venue: regional energy office meeting hall About attendants Before the meeting, the visiting team (ECN, DICEMR, ITB, and PUSPER) was received by the head of the regional energy office. During the introductionary part, thanks were expressed by Mr. Eddy Haryono, the head of the regional energy office, because Central Java is part of the CAREPI undertaking. Central Java has already made a good start, there is e.g. an energy outlook just published (Annex XIII) with an energy profile and forecasts by energy carrier for three scenarios (low-mediumhigh). As mentioned before, they also have an regional energy forum in place. The seminar continued with presentations from Mr. Sujarwanto, staff of the regional energy office (Distamben) and Mr. Hendro Pratomo, staff of Bappeda after the DICEMR presentation (Annex XIV). The discussion led to 4 interventions of which one regarded the possibility to investigate bio-gas energy produced from the domestic manure (such as dairy cow, beef cattle, etc.) in Boyolali, geothermal in Banjarnegara (beside the micro-hydro potential) and coal waste products within CAREPI. Figure B.10 Regional Opening Seminar, Semarang Figure B.11 Regional Opening Seminar, Semarang 29

30 Figure B.12 Press interview head of regional energy office, Semarang Figure B.13 CAREPI team invited by the head of the regional energy office (far right) 30

31 Appendix C Local media coverage of opening seminars 31

32 Appendix D Composition technical teams and energy forums in West Nusa Tenggara and Central Java 32

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42 Appendix E CAREPI leaflet 42

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