Person. Patients are individuals who suffer or anticipate a sense of hopelessness (Parker & Smith, p.79)

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1 Ida Jean Orlando

2 Person A patient s behavior can be verbal or nonverbal (Black,2014). Patients are individuals who suffer or anticipate a sense of hopelessness (Parker & Smith, p.79) Sometimes people cannot meet their own direct needs (University of the Philippines Open University,2008). Patients experience distress when they cannot cope with unmet needs (Parker & Smith, p.79) A person s needs can change at anytime (University of the Philippines Open University,2008). A patients behavior no matter how insignificant it may seem, may be a cry for help (Gonzalo, 2011). Patients have their own meanings and interpretations of situations (Alligood, p.55)

3 Health The basis for nursing action is the distress experienced and expressed by the patient (Parker & Smith, p.79) The goal of the nurse is to determine and meet patient s immediate needs and to improve their situation by relieving distress or discomfort This is done by observing, listening, and confirming (Black, 2014, p 277).

4 Environment Patients who require nursing care when they have needs for help that cannot be met independently because they have physical limitations, have negative reactions to an environment, or have an experience that prevents them from communicating their needs (Alligood, p.55) Concerned with providing direct assistance to individuals in whatever setting they are found for the purpose of avoiding, relieving, diminishing or curing the individuals sense of helplessness (Parker & Smith, p. 79)

5 Nursing Nurses use direct and indirect observations of patient behavior to discover distress and meaning (Parker & Smith, p. 79) Nurses help patients express and understand the meaning of behavior (Parker & Smith, p. 79) The basis for nursing action is the distress experienced and expressed by the patient (Parker & Smith, p.79) The human transaction between the nurse and the patient in any setting holds the greatest value (Parker & Smith, p. 80) Patients have their own meanings and interpretations of situations and therefore nurses must validate their inferences and analyses with patients before drawing conclusions (Alligood, p.55)

6 Nursing Process Does this sound familiar to what as nurses we call the Nursing Process? Well it should, the Nursing Process is a method of providing individualized care that focuses on the patient s response to an actual or potential alteration in health (University Health Shreveport, 2013). Wikipedia states that The nursing process uses clinical judgment to strike a balance of knowledge between personal interpretation and research evidence in which critical thinking may play a part to categorize the clients issue and course of action (Wikipedia, 2014, para 2). As nurses this is a process that we use in our everyday practice and in developing our patients plan of care. The process consists of assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.

7 Conclusion Ida Jean Orlando s theory was specific to the interpersonal nurse-patient relationship (black, 2014). The main point in Orlando's theory was to have immediate action based on observation of the patient s behavior (black, 2014). This leads to individualized care for each patient by allowing the nurse to get to the bottom line more quickly saving time and energy for both the patient and nurse (black, 2014, p 277)

8 References Alligood, M. R. (2014). Nursing theorists and their work (8 th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Black, B. P. (2014). Professional Nursing: Concepts and Challenges (7 th d). St. Louis, MO: Saunders Gonzalo, A. (2011). Theoretical Foundations of Nursing. Ida Jean Orlando. Retrieved from Parker, M. E. & Smith, M.C. (2010). Nursing theories & Nursing practice (3 rd ed.). Philadephia, PA: F.A. Davis Company. University of the Philippines Open University. (2008). A Close Encounter: Orlando's Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship. Retrieved from

9 University Health Shreveport. (2013). The Nursing Process-Plan of Care. Retrieved from 2Fwww.sh.lsuhsc.edu%2Fpolicies%2Fpolicy_manuals_via_ms_word%2Fnursing%2Fn- 55.pdf&ei=InonU5eyLsmwyQHlw4HgBQ&usg=AFQjCNGr1lj3EEZY8i02yCrCOvDHT8uI2w Wikipedia. (2014). Nursing Process. Retrieved from