Pick Wheat Grain Varieties for the Texas High Plains & Eastern New Mexico 2015 Wheat Variety Trial Results with Multi-Year Averages

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Irma Wade
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Bryan Niece, Senior Research Assistant, Clovis, (575) 982-2292, bryanasc@nmsu.

1 Pick Wheat Grain Varieties for the Texas High Plains & Eastern New Mexico 2015 Wheat Variety Trial Results with Multi-Year Averages Dr. Calvin Trostle, Extension agronomist, Lubbock, (806) , Dr. Jourdan Bell, Extension agronomist, Amarillo, (806) , Mr. Bryan Niece, Senior Research Assistant, Clovis, (575) , This summary is derived from High Plains wheat grain testing coordinated by the Texas A&M AgriLife Research wheat breeding program based at Amarillo. Irrigated and dryland test sites range from Lamesa to Perryton and west, including at test site at NMSU-Clovis Wheat Crop in Review Wet weather in particular marked the return of good wheat production conditions in the Texas High Plains for These welcome conditions also fostered favorable conditions for rust diseases, in particular stripe rust. A significant portion of High Plains acres were sprayed, and producers that did not spray especially if they had susceptible varieties like TAM 111 and TAM 112 saw yields drop. In contrast some producers with TAM 113 which has stronger stripe rust tolerance found that the level of tolerance was sufficient to preclude spraying. AgriLife High Plains Wheat Picks for Our ongoing Picks criteria include a minimum of three years of data in Texas A&M AgriLife High Plains wheat variety trials across numerous annual locations. A Pick variety means this: given the data these are the varieties we would choose to include and emphasize on our farm for wheat grain production. Picks are not necessarily the numerical top yielders as important disease resistance traits (leaf or stripe rust, wheat streak mosaic virus), insect tolerance (greenbugs, Russian wheat aphid), or standability can also be important varietal traits that enable a producer to better manage potential risk. We look for consistency of yields, e.g. the regularity with which an individual variety is in the top 25% of yield at each location. While in some years we make no changes to our Picks list, for we have made some deletions and additions. Deletions: We have removed TAM 111 from full irrigation in part due to the troubles this variety experienced with stripe rust in This is the first year of significant underperformance for TAM 111 in our many years of trials, but stripe rust issues and moist conditions which may be compounded in full irrigation raise this caution. We have also deleted Duster and Hatcher. Though the long-term performance of these varieties has been solid overall as a Pick for all production conditions, their continued yield has become

2 somewhat marginal relative to newer lines that are available. Hatcher in particular has some risk due to longer maturity and the risk of poor performance at higher temperatures. Additions: T158 (Limagrain) is now a Pick for dryland and limited irrigation Texas High Plains wheat production. Part of T158 s performance is tolerance to stripe rust. A special note about TAM 114: We have good 3-year yield data on TAM 114 (formerly tested as TX07A001505), which has good across-the-board resistance to rusts, good straw strength, desirable milling and baking qualities, and also has intermediate resistance to some biotypes of Hessian fly. But the seed is in production for 2015 plantings and is likely unavailable to producers. Table 1. Texas A&M AgriLife wheat grain variety Picks for the Texas High Plains based on yield performance and consistency from at least 20 multi-year, multi-site trials, & Wheat Variety "Picks", Texas High Plains (with Texas leaf & stripe rust ratings ) Full Irrigation Limited Irrigation Dryland TAM 111 (S/S) TAM 111 TAM 112 (S/S) TAM 112 TAM 113 (R/R) TAM 113 TAM 113 TAM 304 (R/MR) Iba (R/R) Iba Iba T158 (MS/MR) T158 Winterhawk (MS/MR) Winterhawk Winterhawk Ratings (Leaf Rust/Stripe Rust) reaction ratings: S, susceptible; MS, moderately susceptible; MR, moderately resistant; R, resistant. Two-year watch list. Based on 2014 and 2015 harvest data Gallagher (Oklahoma St.), SY Monument (Syngenta), and WB-Grainfield (Monsanto) are showing good performance and will merit consideration after 2016 yield data is evaluated. Gallagher had been in Texas A&M AgriLife trials up to 2013, but unfortunately was not tested in We need further analysis of 2015 harvest data (or more data in 2016) to determine if either Byrd (Colorado State) or Denali (Colorado St.) may be advanced to our Picks list. As noted above TAM 114 (MR/R) in essence has moved off our Watch List but is limited due to little seed for 2015 planting other than seed blocks. The Advantage of Variety Picks in Multi-Year Wheat Grain Production Pick varieties with a minimum of three years in High Plains Texas A&M AgriLife testing continue to yield an average of 8 to 12% better as a group than all other varieties in both irrigated and dryland tests. Though you may have a variety for your production conditions that you really like, we encourage you to include one of our Picks in your cropping. We will have full results reported by mid-august 2015 so please contact us for a comprehensive reports. Perhaps a Pick variety that has a specific disease package which may have been valuable in the stripe rust outbreak of 2015 or relative maturity that contrasts your current variety would be a good complement to your overall program.

3 Table 2. Summary of Texas A&M AgriLife High Plains irrigated wheat variety location results. Yield Rank Variety Developer Yield (Bu/A) 4-Loc. Avg. Clovis Dim-mitt Etter Lamesa Perryton Test Wt. (Lbs./bu) 1 TAM 114 TAMU WB Grainfield Monsanto SY Monument Syngenta BC Syngenta Bentley (OK09125) OSU Gallagher OSU TAM 204 TAMU TAM 401 TAMU Greer Syngenta T158 Limagrain TAM 305 TAMU TX08A TAMU TAM 113 TAMU WB 4458 Monsanto LCS Mint Limagrain WB Cedar Monsanto KanMark KSU AP11T1409 Syngenta Winterhawk Monsanto Iba OSU SY Drifter Syngenta TAM 304 TAMU SY Llano Syngenta TX09A TAMU Doublestop CL OSU Duster OSU PlainsGold Hatcher CSU PlainsGold Brawl CL Plus CSU TAM 112 TAMU PlainsGold Denali CSU SY Razor Syngenta TX09D1172 TAMU TAM 111 TAMU LCS Wizard Limagrain Ruby Lee OSU WB Redhawk Monsanto Everest KSU Endurance OSU PlainsGold Byrd CSU TAM W-101 TAMU Least Signif. Diff. 95% confidence) Experimental wheat breeding line. Coefficient of Variation, CV (%) Trial Average Varieties ranked based on 4-location average (Dimmitt, Etter, Lames Varieties listed in bold are current High Plains "Picks" (irrigated; TAM 304 full irrigation only; TAM 111 & 112, T158 limited irrigation only). Readers should consider trials in a similar environment to confirm varietal effect on yields.

4 Table 3. Summary of Texas A&M AgriLife High Plains dryland wheat variety location results. Yield Rank Variety Developer 4-Loc. Avg. Etter Dalhart Groom Hereford Perryton Sunray Test Wt. (Lbs./bu) 1 TX09A TAMU WB Grainfield Monsanto TAM 204 TAMU Bentley (OK09125) OSU TX08A TAMU TAM 305 TAMU TAM 401 TAMU LCS Mint Limagrain SY Llano Syngenta SY Monument Syngenta Winterhawk Monsanto WB 4458 Monsanto Duster OSU Doublestop CL OSU BC Syngenta T158 Limagrain Iba OSU TX09D1172* TAMU WB Cedar Monsanto Gallagher OSU PlainsGold Denali CSU TAM 114 TAMU Greer Syngenta PlainsGold Byrd CSU SY Razor Syngenta TAM 304 TAMU LCS Wizard Limagrain TAM 113 TAMU TAM 112 TAMU PlainsGold Hatcher CSU KanMark KSU Ruby Lee OSU TAM 111 TAMU PlainsGold Brawl CL Plus CSU SY Drifter Syngenta AP11T1409 Syngenta Everest KSU TAM W-101 TAMU WB Redhawk Monsanto Endurance OSU Least Signif. Diff. 95% confidence) Coefficient of Variation, CV (%) Trial Average Experimental wheat breeding line. Trials with a coefficient of variation (CV) 15% contain excessive experimental error. Varieties listed in bold are current High Plains "Picks" (dryland). Yield (Bu/A) Varieties ranked based on 4-location average (Etter, Groom, Hereford, Sunray). Readers should consider trials in a similar environment to confirm varietal effect on yields.

5 Table 4. Multi-year irrigated wheat variety trial yields, & , Texas & NM High Plains. Variety Source Year 3-Year 4-Year Annual Bushels per Acre Average Multi-year Bu/A Average Winterhawk Monsanto Iba Okla. St TAM 113 Texas A&M PlainsGold Hatcher Colo. St Duster Okla. St TAM 112 Texas A&M Greer Syngenta TAM 111 Texas A&M TAM 304 Texas A&M TAM 305 Texas A&M WB-Cedar Monsanto Endurance Okla. St TAM 401 (BL) Texas A&M TAM W-101 Texas A&M SY Razor (BL) Syngenta TAM 114 Texas A&M TAM 204 (BL) Texas A&M T158 Limagrain Everest Kansas St Ruby Lee Okla. St SY Llano Syngenta WB-Grainfield Monsanto TX08A Texas A&M LCS Mint Limagrain SY Monument Syngenta WB-4458 Monsanto PlainsGold Denali Colo. St TX09A Texas A&M SY Drifter Syngenta TX09D1172 Texas A&M PlainsGold Brawl CL Plus Colo. St LCS Wizard Limagrain PlainsGold Byrd Colo. St WB-Redhawk Monsanto Bentley (OK09125) Okla. St BC Syngenta 89.0 Gallagher Okla. St AP11T1409 Syngenta 82.3 KanMark Kansas St Doublestop CL Okla. St Avg. yield, varieties in this report Individual year trial avg. (all entries) Average yield of Pick varieties Average yield of non-pick varieties Yield increase of Pick varieties 12% 8% 7% 0% 3% 5% 7% # of test sites per reporting period # of entries Varieties in bold print indicate irrigated Pick varieties (full, limited, or both). BL = Beardless TAM 111 & 112 and T-158 not a Pick for full irrigation; TAM 304 Picked for full irrigation only.

6 Table 5. Multi-year dryland wheat variety trial yields, & , Texas & NM High Plains. Variety Source Year 3-Year 4-Year Annual Bushels per Acre Average Multi-year Bu/A Average Winterhawk Monsanto Iba Okla. St TAM 112 Texas A&M Duster Okla. St WB-Cedar Monsanto Greer Syngenta PlainsGold Hatcher Colo. St TAM 304 Texas A&M TAM 111 Texas A&M TAM 113 Texas A&M Endurance Okla. St TAM 305 Texas A&M TAM W-101 Texas A&M SY Razor (BL) Syngenta TAM 401 (BL) Texas A&M TAM 204 (BL) Texas A&M T158 Limagrain TAM 114 Texas A&M Ruby Lee Okla. St Everest Kansas St SY Llano Syngenta TX09A Texas A&M WB-Grainfield Monsanto LCS Mint Limagrain PlainsGold Denali Colo. St TX09D1172 Texas A&M TX08A Texas A&M SY Monument Syngenta PlainsGold Brawl CL Plus Colo. St WB-4458 Monsanto PlainsGold Byrd Colo. St LCS Wizard Limagrain WB-Redhawk Monsanto SY Drifter Syngenta Bentley (OK09125) Okla. St Gallagher Okla. St BC Syngenta 35.4 Doublestop CL Okla. St KanMark Kansas St AP11T1409 Syngenta 31.9 Avg. yield, varieties in this report Individual year trial avg. (all entrie Average yield of Pick varieties Average yield of non-pick varieties Yield increase of Pick varieties 17% 8% -5% -1% -3% 0% 5% # of test sites per reporting period # of entries Varieties in bold print indicate dryland Pick varieties. BL = Beardless

7 Table 6. Multi-year irrigated wheat trial test weights, & , Texas & NM High Plains. Variety Source Year 3-Year 4-Year Annual Bushels per Acre Average Multi-year Bu/A Average Winterhawk Monsanto Iba Okla. St TAM 113 Texas A&M SY Razor (BL) Syngenta TAM 112 Texas A&M TAM 111 Texas A&M Duster Okla. St TAM 305 Texas A&M PlainsGold Hatcher Colo. St WB-Cedar Monsanto Endurance Okla. St TAM W-101 Texas A&M TAM 401 (BL) Texas A&M Greer Syngenta TAM 304 Texas A&M TAM 114 Texas A&M SY LLANO Syngenta T158 Limagrain Ruby Lee Okla. St Everest Kansas St TAM 204 (BL) Texas A&M TX08A Texas A&M LCS Mint Limagrain SY DRIFTER Syngenta LCS Wizard Limagrain PlainsGold Denali Colo. St WB-Grainfield Monsanto TX09A Texas A&M TX09D1172 Texas A&M PlainsGold Brawl CL Plus Colo. St WB-4458 Monsanto WB-Redhawk Monsanto SY Monument Syngenta PlainsGold Byrd Colo. St Doublestop CL Okla. St KanMark Kansas St Gallagher Okla. St Bentley (OK09125) Okla. St BC Syngenta 59.0 AP11T1409 Syngenta 58.2 Avg. test wt., varieties in this report Individual year trial avg. (all entries) Average test wt. of Pick varieties Average test wt. of non-pick varieties Test wt. increase of Pick varieties 1% 2% 1% 0% 0% 1% 1% # of test sites per reporting period # of entries Varieties in bold print indicate irrigated Pick varieties (full, limited, or both). BL = Beardless TAM 111 & 112 and T-158 not a Pick for full irrigation; TAM 304 Picked for full irrigation only.

8 Table 7. Multi-year dryland wheat trial test weights, & , Texas & NM High Plains. Variety Source Year 3-Year 4-Year Annual Pounds per Bushel Average Multi-year Lbs./Bu Average Iba Okla. St TAM 113 Texas A&M TAM 111 Texas A&M TAM 112 Texas A&M SY Razor Syngenta Winterhawk Monsanto PlainsGold Hatcher Colo. St Duster Okla. St TAM 305 Texas A&M TAM W-101 Texas A&M Endurance Okla. St Greer Syngenta TAM 401 Texas A&M WB-Cedar Monsanto TAM 304 Texas A&M TAM 114 Texas A&M SY Llano Syngenta Ruby Lee Okla. St Everest Kansas St T158 Limagrain TAM 204 (BL) Texas A&M TX08A Texas A&M TX09A Texas A&M PlainsGold Denali Colo. St LCS Mint Limagrain PlainsGold Brawl CL Plus Colo. St TX09D1172 Texas A&M PlainsGold Byrd Colo. St SY Drifter Syngenta LCS Wizard Limagrain SY Monument Syngenta WB-Grainfield Monsanto WB-4458 Monsanto WB-Redhawk Monsanto Doublestop CL Okla. St KanMark Kansas St Gallagher Okla. St Bentley (OK09125) Okla. St BC Syngenta 53.3 AP11T1409 Syngenta 52.8 Avg. test wt., varieties in this report Individual year trial avg. (all entries) Average test wt. of Pick varieties Average test wt. of non-pick varieties Test wt. increase of Pick varieties 1% 4% -1% 0% 0% 1% 1% # of test sites per reporting period # of entries Varieties in bold print indicate dryland Pick varieties. BL = Beardless

2012 Wheat Variety Trials Conducted in the Texas and New Mexico High Plains

SCS 2012 XX 2012 Wheat Variety Trials Conducted in the Texas and New Mexico High Plains Dr. Calvin Trostle, Extension agronomist, Lubbock, (806) 746-6101, ctrostle@ag.tamu.edu Dr. Jackie Rudd, Texas AgriLife