RADIOGRAPHY CLINICAL MANUAL

Transcription

1 RADIOGRAPHY CLINICAL MANUAL

2 Table of Contents Clinical ducation... 4 Philosophy of Competency Based Clinical ducation... 5 Clinic Committee Role... 5 Clinical valuations... 5 Clinical Affective Objectives... 6 Rotational Objectives... 6 Trauma/mergency Department... 7 Routine Radiography... 7 Fluoroscopy/Special Fluoroscopy... 8 Surgery/Portables... 8 Participations... 8 Competencies... 8 Continued Competencies... 9 Clinical xperience Papers... 9 Final xamination Dress Code Personal dosimeters and Dosimetry Reports Identification Ascertaining Pregnancy Status of Patients Holding Patients for xaminations Repeat Radiograph Policy Supervision of Students Policy Clinical Assignments Clinical Attendance Policy Clinical Attendance Documentation Returning to Clinic after an Illness Altering Clinical Schedules Due To Conflicts Clinical Preparedness Continuing ducation Units Rising Senior xamination Forms Clinical Performance valuation Form Objective Form Participation valuation Form Psychomotor Competency valuation Form OR Psychomotor Competency valuation Form OR Continued Competency valuation Form Radiography Clinical Competency Requirements xtra lective xaminations RADS 3161 Clinical ducation I RADS 3162 Clinical ducation II RADS 4163 Clinical ducation III RADS 4164 Clinical ducation IV Student valuation of Clinical xperience Form Clinical Progress Notes Student Counseling Form Student Record of Clinical ducation

3 Preganancy Declaration Form Rising Senior xamination Report and Remediation Record Standards for an Accredited ducational Program in Radiologic Sciences Acknowledgement of Receipt of Manual

4 Clinical ducation 4

5 Philosophy of Competency Based Clinical ducation Clinical ducation is a competency-based system. By that, it is meant that students progress through the clinical education system based on demonstration of acquired skills. Additionally, competency based education implies that the student is introduced to new information and skills in a step-wise, planned fashion with skill verification at each level before students may progress to the next level. Competency based clinical education begins before the student ever enters a clinical education course. For each skill or procedure, the student follows the following process: Receives didactic (classroom) instruction on anatomy and procedures as part of the Procedures courses. Observes a demonstration of the procedure in the laboratory Peer positions in the laboratory Produces radiographs in the laboratory using phantoms, cadavers and patients Participates in role-playing with other students Reviews radiographic anatomy and pathology Demonstrates competency in lab with peer positioning/radiographic production valuates radiographs Clinic Committee Role The clinic committee s purpose is to review the clinical education process to assure that the student graduates with the best possible education, necessary skills and proper attitudes. The committee also has the function of reviewing the process to assure that clinical education is carried out at all clinical education centers in a uniform manner. The clinic committee is made up of Radiologic Science faculty and Preceptors from each clinical facility. One student representative from the junior and senior class may be invited to attend a portion of the meeting. The clinical coordinator serves as chair for the meeting. The committee will consider requests from students for changes in the clinical education system or in the handling of specific student situations. The committee meets approximately three to four times per year. Clinical valuations The clinical evaluation form will be used to evaluate the relevant personal traits (affective objectives) in the clinical setting. very student will receive 6 evaluations each 7 weeks they are in clinic beginning with the second week. An evaluation MUST come from the technologist to which the student is assigned. Students will have an alternate technologist in the event their assigned technologist is absent. If neither assigned technologist is present, the student shall contact the clinical preceptor or the clinical instructor for an assignment. In the event a student turns in an evaluation from someone other than his/her assigned or alternate technologist, the evaluation is not counted and the student is given a zero for that evaluation. ach student MUST SIGN his/her weekly evaluation as an indication that he/she is fully aware of need improvement areas. The clinical evaluation form is graded on the average of the responses on the form that range from one (1) [the lowest] to three (3) [the highest]. 5

6 Students are encouraged to collect the forms from the staff members and discuss the evaluation with the staff member. It is acceptable for the staff member to return the completed evaluation to the preceptor or clinical instructor without discussing it with the student. However, it is the preceptor s responsibility to review the evaluation with the student. If a student fails to turn in an evaluation for any given week at the specified time, the student will be given a zero (0) for that evaluation. It is the student s responsibility to make sure this form is submitted on time. In the event a student knows they will be absent on the day an evaluation is due, that student should discuss this with their clinical instructor and it will be at the clinical instructor s discretion as to whether the evaluation may be turned in early. ach student MUST SIGN his/her weekly assessment as an indication that he/she is fully aware of need improvement areas. Clinical Affective Objectives While in the clinical setting, the student will: 1. Maintain appropriate dress and hygiene habits 2. Communicate with faculty, staff and patients in a clear and concise manner 3. Show initiative by performing above and beyond assigned tasks 4. Follow directions 5. Come prepared to clinic by having all necessary items 6. Conduct oneself in a professional manner 7. Demonstrate an excellent attitude by being interested in learning new skills and accepting constructive criticism 8. Follow thru on all tasks to completion 9. Work well with others by being willing to help staff and other students 10. Maintain self-confidence by not being overly confident or possessing no confidence 11. Be in attendance in clinic and in assigned area 12. Retain composure under most conditions by not becoming agitated or upset when confronted with new or difficult situations 13. Show regard for patient safety 14. Always be aware of situational changes 15. Must be actively engaged 16. Always respond appropriately to needed changes 17. Must be able to function independently Rotational Objectives During each clinical education course, students will be assigned to one or more of the following areas: Portables/Surgery, R/trauma, Fluoroscopy/Special Fluoroscopy, and Routine Radiography. Objectives will accompany each assigned area. Students will receive six (6) objective evaluations each semester beginning in the second week. In the event that the student turns in an evaluation after the designated date and time, the student will be given a zero (0) for that assignment. The evaluation must come from the radiographer with whom the student is assigned. In the event a student turns in an evaluation from someone other than their assigned or alternate radiographer, the 6

7 evaluation is not counted and the student is given a zero (0). Students will have an alternate radiographer in the event the assigned radiographer is absent. If neither assigned radiographer is present, the student shall contact either the preceptor or clinical instructor. These objectives include: ach student MUST SIGN his/her weekly assessment as an indication that he/she is fully aware of need improvement areas. Assess the patient Demonstrate proficiency in computer protocol. Follow call-report protocol. Demonstrate patient assessment (including vital signs if applicable). Follow O 2 protocol for the department. Operate equipment efficiently Demonstrate critical thinking/problem solving skills. Demonstrate knowledge of patient transport protocol. Demonstrate basic file room procedures. Process films and/or film procedures. Use proper telephone etiquette. Use proper body mechanics. Demonstrate professional interpersonal skills. Practice infection control protocol. Restock radiographic rooms. Safely manipulate stretchers and wheelchairs. Safely move patient on and off radiographic table. Trauma/mergency Department Specific objectives for this rotation are: Assess the patient for mobility, clinical history and appropriateness of examination Practice back-board and cervical collar protocol Perform exam modification as needed Demonstrate critical thinking skills Operates equipment efficiently Perform room set-up for routine and modified procedures Routine Radiography Specific objectives for this rotation are: Assess the patient for mobility, clinical history and appropriateness of examination Practice vena-puncture Perform exam modification as needed Perform allergy assessment Demonstrate contrast preparation Practice IVP pre-exam protocol to include: Glucaphage & Glucarance protocol, and informed consent protocol Demonstrate critical thinking skills 7

8 Operates equipment efficiently Perform room set-up for routine and modified procedures Fluoroscopy/Special Fluoroscopy Specific objectives for this rotation are: Assess the patient for mobility, clinical history and appropriateness of examination Demonstrate sterile field set-up Perform exam modification as needed Perform allergy assessment Demonstrate contrast preparation Perform enema tip insertion Demonstrate critical thinking skills Operates equipment efficiently Perform room set-up for routine and modified procedures Demonstrate knowledge of patient preps Surgery/Portables Specific objectives for this rotation are: Assess the patient for mobility, clinical history and appropriateness of examination Demonstrate sterile field set-up Perform exam modification as needed Practice isolation techniques Perform sterile portable exams without contaminating the sterile-field Demonstrate critical thinking skills Operates equipment efficiently Perform room set-up for sterile and non-sterile exams Participations Participations are defined as a sharing or taking part in an examination. The student does not have to independently perform the examination but must be an active participant. Student s markers must be evident on the image whenever possible. There are situations when utilization of a marker is not feasible, for example, when imaging an OR case or in the R involving severe and bloody traumatic cases. Students are encouraged to participate in numerous examinations prior to performing a competency. A student must successfully perform at least two (2) participations on each examination prior to a competency. Fourteen (14) areas are evaluated during participation. The student must successfully complete at least twelve (12) of those areas in order for the participation to be counted. A student may not roll over participation examinations into another C until ALL participations from the previous C have been satisfied. Competencies Student demonstrates mastery of performing the procedure. Competency occurs when a student receives no less than 57 points (or 2.71) on the Competency valuation Form and 8

9 no critical areas have been marked as no. A student may not roll over competency examinations into another C until ALL competencies from the previous C have been satisfied. All examinations from the current C must be completed before moving into another C. Critical areas are: Correctly identifying patient Obtains appropriate medical history and determines pregnancy status Correctly positions patient for all projections Correct side marker used properly (student s markers must be evident on the image) Correct placement of central ray Selects correct technical factors The number of competencies required is based on requirements set by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists for the national certification examination and is listed on the Clinical ducation Form. Once a student has completed the minimum number of competencies for any given clinical education course, they may proceed to work on competencies for the next clinical education course. Students may NOT progress more than one half of the competencies required for the next clinical education course. Continued Competencies Student performs a procedure they have proven competency in without any assistance. Students are indirectly supervised by a registered radiographer. Radiographs produced must be deemed acceptable by clinical faculty. Clinical faculty may review continued competencies at any time and at their discretion, revoke the continued competency. Student s markers must be evident on the image. The number of continued competencies for each examination will be determined by the clinical faculty at each facility based on examinations available in the assigned area. Departmental examination logs are monitored weekly to ascertain the availability of examinations. Students may NOT work ahead on continued competencies but are urged to perform as many examinations as possible. Continued competencies may not be rolled over to the next clinical education course. Clinical xperience Papers Clinical xperience papers will be required for C I and C II. Students are required to write six (6) papers beginning the second week of clinic. The clinical experience papers shall meet the following criteria. One (1) full page in length Dealing with either clinical experiences or procedures Acceptable level of clarity 9

10 Correct spelling and grammar Double-spaced Clinical xperience papers will not be assigned a grade but will impact the overall grade of the course by a small percentage. They will be read for clarity, use of language, understanding of technical processes, and to give insight into the students understanding of psychological aspects of patient care and the learning process. Papers that are deemed unacceptable due to length, clarity, grammar, and content will be returned to the student and a zero (0) will be given for that paper. Moreover, papers not turned in on the appointed day and time will receive not be accepted and the student will receive a grade of zero (0). Papers must be electronically submitted on WebCt Vista within the assignment drop box menu of the designated clinical education course. Papers submitted by any other method will not be acceptable. Final xamination A final clinical examination will be given at the end of each clinical education course. The examination will consist of typical clinical histories, anatomy, physiology, pathology, physics, radiobiology, medical terminology, patient care, positioning analysis and technique analysis. C I final will be administered at the end of the clinical assignment. The final examination for C II will be the Rising Senior xamination. C III final will be administered at the end of the clinical assignment. No final examination will be administered for C IV; however, the Professional Poster Presentation grade will be recorded as the student s final grade. Dress Code A uniform is an external indication of professionalism. Consequently, all uniforms must be neat, clean, and professional in appearance. The department will select the uniform style to be purchased by the student. Uniforms will be worn with white leather lace-up athletic shoes or approved nursing shoes and white socks (not anklets) or stockings. Clogs are not permitted. Students are required to purchase the program approved uniforms and lab coat(s). Hair will be neat, clean and of acceptable length (acceptable length will be determined by the Radiologic Sciences faculty) at all times. While in the clinic, the hair will be kept up and away from the face and off the collar to prevent hair from falling into patient s wounds and from being a safety hazard. Hair adornments or accessories may not be worn in the clinic. Hair color shall be conservative, that is a color that is customary for human hair and not a decorative color such as blue, green, pink, orange, etc. Makeup may only be used discreetly; eye shadow, mascara and rouge shall be avoided. Male students will maintain a neat hairstyle consistent with good taste. Male students shall be clean-shaven or shall have neatly trimmed beards, mustaches, and sideburns. (OSHA Regulations ) Male students growing beards/mustaches may do so over the break from clinic but may not do so while in clinic. 10

11 All fingernails shall be short, neat, and clean. Nail polish and/or acrylic nails are not acceptable in clinical education centers. Perfumes, colognes and any other fragrances may not be used in the clinical education center. To the extent possible, tattoos or other body art will be covered while in the clinical setting. Jewelry is limited to a watch, one (1) ring to include a wedding set, engagement ring or class ring, one (1) pair of small stud earrings in the ear lobe, which are not to hang below the ear lobe. No other piercing may be adorned with jewelry while in clinical education courses. Personal cell phones and/or pagers may not be worn in the clinical education centers. Phones may only be used for necessary personal business with permission of the clinical faculty. Students may not chew gum, eat candy/mints, eat or drink beverages while in the clinical setting. The clinical instructors, individual hospitals and/or radiology departments may have dress codes/rules/regulations that supersede the above dress code. Personal dosimeters and Dosimetry Reports Students without personal dosimeters or without the appropriate personal dosimeter will not be allowed in the clinical education center for that day. Personal dosimeters are to be worn at the level of the collar outside of the lead aprons. Personal dosimeters will be exchanged every 3 months. New personal dosimeters will be made available to the students at least 3 days prior to the beginning of a new personal dosimeter cycle. Students are responsible for making the exchange. Please note that a new dosimeter will be issued only if the old dosimeter is returned. If the student fails to return the old dosimeter, the student will not be allowed to attend clinic. If a personal dosimeter is lost or stolen, the student will be charged $40.00 as our dosimeter provider charges for unreturned badges. A $40.00 replacement fee will be assessed for any lost or damaged personal dosimeter and the student will not be allowed in clinic until a replacement badge is available. Personal dosimetry reports are available in the departmental office. The department receives a Dosimetry (Film Badge) report each quarter for the previous quarter. After review by the Radiation Safety Officer (RSO), the report is available in the departmental office and is posted in the laboratory prep room. If any student exceeds more than 150 mrem for a given quarter, the RSO will meet with the student to try and determine what is causing the higher than expected dose. Corrective actions will be discussed with the student. If any student exceeds a dose of 300 mrem per quarter, the RSO will begin a formal process of determining why the dose is unacceptably high, why it happened, and how to prevent it from happening again. The meeting(s) with the student 11

12 in question and the finding from the RSO will be documented in the student s permanent record. If at any time it is deemed by the RSO that a student s exposure is too high, that student will be removed from clinic and appropriate action will be taken. Identification Students are required to wear appropriate identification in the clinical education centers at all times. Proper identification includes a regulation name badge and the Department of Radiologic Sciences patched uniform (left chest). Students not having proper identification on the uniform will be removed from the clinical education center for the day and assessed an unexcused absence. In the event the nametag becomes defective or lost, the student must report this to the Clinical/Program Coordinator and a new badge must be ordered and proof must be provided to the Clinical/Program Coordinator the following day. Ascertaining Pregnancy Status of Patients Any time a student will examine a woman of childbearing years, the pregnancy status of the patient must be determined. Normally, the departmental procedure is followed. In the event a departmental procedure is not in place, the Ten Day Rule must be used. The rule states that the only time one can be relatively sure that a potentially pregnant patient is not pregnant, is if the examination is performed within the first ten days of the menstrual cycle. Failure to ascertain pregnancy status is a violation of the Code of Professional Conduct. In the event a student fails to ascertain the pregnancy status of a patient, the occurrence will be documented in their clinical handbook and if the occurrence happens again the student will be removed from clinic and will meet with the Clinic/Program Coordinator. Holding Patients for xaminations All efforts must be made to prevent anyone from holding a patient for an examination, however, students may hold patients but only if the following criteria are met: No restraint device is adequate No non-occupationally exposed individuals (family members, other health care professionals) are available The student is actively involved in the examination The student is under direct supervision of a registered radiographer. If a student must hold, proper shielding imperative Repeat Radiograph Policy In the event a repeat radiograph is required for an examination being performed by a student, a registered radiographer must critique the original radiograph, and determine what corrections are needed. It is the responsibility of the student to assure direct supervision by a registered radiographer. If a student is found making exposures on a repeat radiograph without direct supervision of a registered radiographer, the incident will be noted in the student s handbook and the student will be brought up on a violation of the Code of Professional Conduct. 12

13 Supervision of Students Policy Students may not perform examinations on any patient unless supervised, either directly or indirectly. Direct supervision is defined as having a registered radiographer with the student during the entire performance of the examination. Students who have demonstrated competency of a particular examination may perform that examination under indirect supervision. Indirect supervision is defined as having a registered radiographer preview the request and patient to assure that the student is qualified to perform the specific examination on the intended patient. The radiographer must also be immediately available while the student is performing the examination, and the radiographer must review all radiographs produced. Students may NVR go to the O.R., on portable examinations or be allowed in the mergency Department without direct supervision of a registered radiographer. Clinical Assignments The faculty makes assignments to specific Clinical ducation sites. Students are assigned based on the needs of the student and may be rotated from center to center as needed. The clinical faculty at the clinical education center will make specific assignments within each facility. These assignments are based on the student's clinical needs during the course of their clinical education. Assignment to areas such as file room, front office, and patient transportation are required for limited periods of time to familiarize students with these areas. The normal clinical schedule is typically from 5 a.m. to 7 p.m. Monday through Friday. Students may be assigned to an occasional Saturday assignment or may be assigned to stay as late as 11 p.m. Note a senior student may be assigned to an 11p.m. to 7a.m. shift Monday to Friday and on the weekends. These early/late/weekend assignments expose the student to procedures/situations not normally seen during the routine scheduled time. Students should make arrangements to fulfill all clinical hours that are assigned. Students will not be assigned more than forty hours per week, and no more than ten (10) hours per day. Students are NOT permitted to enter clinical education centers at times other than scheduled clinical rotations without permission of the clinical faculty. Clinical Attendance Policy The Department of Radiologic Sciences expects all students to conduct themselves in a professional manner. This includes practicing good attendance habits. Good attendance habits mean the following: Being in your assigned area ready for work by the start of your shift Remaining in your assigned area unless a need arises that require being elsewhere Taking only the time normally allowed for breaks Remaining in clinic during your entire shift, unless excused by clinical faculty personnel Not leaving clinic until the scheduled end of your shift, unless excused by clinical faculty 13

14 Calling in and personally notifying the Clinical/Program Coordinator if you are going to be either absent or tardy, unless a verifiable emergency makes it impossible for you to do so xcused absences may be granted by the Clinical Coordinator for emergencies (i.e., death of an immediate family member, (i.e., parents, siblings, grandparents, children, spouse), personal illness (documented by a physician) or legal proceedings (documentation required). ALL XCUSD ABSNCS MUST B DOCUMNTD in order not to adversely affect your grade. Unexcused absences will adversely affect a student s grade in a course. Patterns of repeated unexcused absences may be considered unprofessional behavior under the Code of Professional Conduct and will be dealt with as such. For each unexcused tardy and absence, the student s final grade will be automatically reduced. Unexcused absences will also be reflected in your weekly evaluation. Under certain circumstances, absences for special campus activities may be approved by the Clinical Coordinator. If the student is absent without notice for two (2) consecutive days he/she will be considered as having dropped the class and the department will submit a grade of W or WF. In the event that a student accumulates four (4) or more absences during a clinical assignment (excused or unexcused), a conference will be scheduled for the student with the Clinical Coordinator to discuss remedial action. Time options for remedial work will include: unscheduled days, breaks, vacation, schedule alteration and other alternatives at the Clinical Coordinator s discretion. Failure to make up missed time will result in an I (incomplete) for that clinical education course and would need to be resolved by midterm of the following semester or a grade of F will be issued. Clinical Attendance Documentation All students are required to document their clinical time. This documentation is achieved by punching in and out on the time clock supplied, or by having the clinical preceptor or designee document and initial the timecard. If clinic time is not documented, the student will be considered absent that day and the final grade will be reduced accordingly. Students are expected to be present at their designated clinical area by the report time. Reporting to the designated area even as late as one minute after the hour is counted as one (1) tardy incident. xample- If the student s report time is 7:00AM or 3:00PM, reporting to the designated clinical area at 7:01 AM or at 3:01 PM constitutes a tardy. Returning to Clinic after an Illness If a student misses more than two (2) consecutive days from clinic, the student must have a physician s excuse in order to return to clinic. 14

15 Altering Clinical Schedules Due To Conflicts A student's clinical schedule may be modified slightly due to conflicts with other required courses if the following criteria are met: The conflict course is a degree requirement for Department of Radiologic Sciences Not offered at night Scheduling accommodations are NOT made for work conflicts, daycare conflicts, etc. Students must make arrangements to be in attendance for clinical assignments during the required times. Please be aware that a student may be assigned to a clinical site that is up to one hour or within a sixty (60) miles radius. Students are responsible for providing their own transportation for these assignments. Due to the limited sites in the Savannah area, it is possible that a student may rotate to an out of town facility more than once. Clinical Preparedness Students are required to have initialed film markers, pens, Pocket Guide to Radiology with correct technical factors for each clinical requirement per rotation. Failure to be properly prepared will result in a written warning. Upon receiving the second and subsequent written warning, the student will be removed from the clinic that day and counted absent. Continuing ducation Units When a student earns continuing education units by attending a local, state, or national professional meeting, they will be given extra credit in their clinical education course for the semester in which the credits were earned. CU certificate/attendance verification must be submitted to the Clinical Coordinator no later than the last day of the semester in which the CU s are earned. Rising Senior xamination This examination will consist of five separate sections and each student must score a minimum of 60% on each section. In the event a student scores less than 60% on one or all sections, that student is required to receive faculty mandated remediation (RADS 3900) during the summer of their senior year on the failed sections. The specific remediation required is determined by the faculty for each specific area of the test. If a student successfully completes remediation, the student will be retested on the remediated sections at the end of the summer semester. If a student does not earn a grade of 60% on any section of the test and fails to complete the assigned remediation, he/she will not be allowed to enter any RADS courses in the fall semester of the senior year. The student will therefore be dismissed from the program without prejudice. 15

16 Forms 16

17 STUDNT Technologist's signature Clinical Performance valuation Form DAT C.. CNTR INSTRUCTIONS: Your honest and accurate evaluation will be helpful in improving the student s performance. Please mark the box that best describes the student s performance. XAMPLS are of the least desirable performance. Comments are requested for each section. XAMPL: Fails to maintain a professional appearance in dress, jewelry, cleanliness, or 1. CLANLINSS ATTIR GROOMING general appearance. Wears perfumes or lotions Generally professional in Professional in appearance Unsatisfactory in appearance appearance What suggestions do you have for students to improve their professional appearance? 2. ABILITY TO COMMUNICAT XAMPL: Uses jargon or overly technical terms with patients; uses non-technical terms with staff and physicians; does not explain procedures to patients; does not listen to patients; does not transmit needed information Uses appropriate terminology with staff and patients What suggestions do you have for the student to improve communication skills? Frequently uses inappropriate terminology with staff and patients 3. INITIATIV XAMPL: Seldom or never does any task not assigned, does not respond to needed tasks unless asked, acts more as observer than participant. Takes initiative to perform Shows little/no initiative or Performs only assigned tasks beyond assigned tasks motivation List example of how this student could improve initiative. 4. ABILITY TO FOLLOW DIRCTIONS XAMPL: Refuses to follow directions; does not respond appropriately to directions; or fails to comprehend but does not ask for clarification Inconsistent Follows directions Does not follow directions How could this student improve in following directions? 5. PRPARDNSS 6. PROFSSIONALISM 7. ATTITUD 8. PRSVRANC XAMPL: Student does not have items necessary for clinic (i.e., markers, sharpie, mini- Merrill s Has all items needed Missing some items Not prepared for clinic What suggestions do you have for students to improve in preparedness/or what items would you suggest they bring to clinic? XAMPL: Student does not behave in a professional manner Conducts oneself in a professional manner Needs improvement in professionalism Does not conduct oneself in a professional manner List examples of how this student could improve in professionalism XAMPL: Does not appear to be interested in learning new or different skills, is defensive or discounts constructive criticism Has willingness to learn, accepts constructive criticism, is positive with staff and patients Reluctant to learn new skills, defensive or unwilling to accept criticism, not positive List examples of this student's inappropriate attitude. Needs improvement in 1 or 2 of these areas XAMPL: Fails to complete basic assigned tasks, seldom follows through to completion of tasks, must be constantly reminded of tasks Occasionally needs to be reminded to complete assigned tasks Fails to complete assigned tasks How can this student improve in perseverance? Completes assigned tasks

18 9. COOPRATION XAMPL: Is not willing to help staff and other students unless specifically asked; does not share information or spreads disruptive rumors Uncooperative Works well with others Average In what areas does this student need to demonstrate more cooperative behavior? 10. SLF-CONFIDNC no confidence or overly Confidence at times confident What can the student do to improve their self-confidence? Confident 11. ATTNDANC 12. COMPOSUR 13. PATINT SAFTY XAMPL: Frequently disappears ; hard to find when needed; in general area but does not attend to assigned task OR is absent from clinic. Consistently absent from clinic or Usually present in clinic and Always present in clinic and leaves assigned area without in assigned area in assigned area permission Please give examples where attendance or not being in the assigned area was a problem with this student. XAMPL: Often becomes upset or agitated when confronted with new or difficult situations. Retains composure under Loses composure easily Always composed most circumstances and/or often Please give examples where this student lost composure. XAMPL: Shows disregard for patient safety; leaves patient unattended; does not lock stretcher Needs improvement Negligent of patient safety Always aware of patient safety regarding patient safety issues issues issues Please give examples where this student needs improvement with patient safety. 14. SITUATIONAL AWARNSS XAMPL: Unaware of changes in patient status or patient needs; fails to notice environmental factors Rarely aware of changes in Aware of significant Always aware of situational needs situation changes or situation Please give examples where this student needs improvement with situational awareness. 15. ACTIV LISTNING XAMPL: Always interrupts or refused to listen to patients or staff; actively engage in others activities when being spoken to Actively engaged listener Does not actively listen Sometimes listens actively Please give examples where this student needs improvement with active listening RSPONSIVNSS FUNCTIONS INDPNDNTLY XAMPL: Does not take appropriate actions based on environmental changes or patient needs. Sometime responds Negligent of patient needs Always responds appropriately to appropriately to changes and and environmental changes changes and needs needs Please give examples where this student needs improvement with responsiveness. XAMPL: Needs constant supervision; unable to initiate required tasks without supervision; cannot work alone. Needs occasional Can work independently Needs constant supervision supervision Please give examples where this student needs improvement with independent functioning. 18

19 Objective Form Student valuator Location Date Within each area of the Imaging Department, the student is responsible for a set of specific objectives. The four (4) areas which the student is exposed to are: 1. R/Trauma 2. Routine/Department Radiography 3. Fluoroscopy/Special Fluoroscopy and 4. Surgery/Portables. Please indicate below which area or areas you observed the student and then grade those items contained with those areas. Areas observed: 3 = student performed the objective 2 = student performed the objective with minimal assistance 1 = student performed the objective with assistance 0 = student did not perform the objective although it was available N/A = objective not applicable or objective not available during this rotation R/TRAUMA RADIOGRAPHY 1. Assess the patient 2. Follows backboard and cervical collar protocol 3. Performs exam modifications as needed 4. Demonstrates critical thinking/problem solving skills 5. Operates equipment efficiently 6. Performs room set-up 7. Demonstrates proficiency in computer protocol 8. Follows call report protocol 9. Follows departmental oxygen protocol 10. Demonstrates knowledge of patient transport system 11. Demonstrates basic file room procedures 12. Displays ability to process films and/or film exams 13. Demonstrates proper telephone etiquette 14. Uses proper body mechanics 15. Demonstrates professional/interpersonal skills 16. Practices infection control 17. Restocks radiographic rooms 18. Safely manipulates stretchers and wheelchairs 19. Demonstrates ability to safely move patients on/off radiographic table 19

20 ROUTIN/DPARTMNT RADIOGRAPHY 1. Assess the patient 2. Practices vena puncture 3. Performs exam modification as needed 4. Performs allergy assessment 5. Demonstrates contrast preparation 6. Practices IVP pre-exam protocol to include: glucaphage, glucarance and informed consent 7. Demonstrates critical thinking/problem solving skills 8. Operates equipment efficiently 9. Performs room set-up for routine and modified procedures 10. Demonstrates proficiency in computer protocol 11. Follows call report protocol 12. Follows departmental oxygen protocol 13. Demonstrates knowledge of patient transport system 14. Demonstrates basic file room procedures 15. Displays ability to process films and/or film exams 16. Demonstrates proper telephone etiquette 17. Uses proper body mechanics 18. Demonstrates professional/interpersonal skills 19. Practices infection control 20. Restocks radiographic rooms 21. Safely manipulates stretchers and wheelchairs 22. Demonstrates ability to safely move patients on/off radiographic table FLUOROSCOPY/SPCIAL FLUOROSCOPY 1. Assess the patient 2. Demonstrates sterile field set-up 3. Performs exam modifications as needed 4. Performs allergy assessment 5. Demonstrates contrast preparation 6. Performs enema tip insertion 7. Demonstrates critical thinking/problem solving skills 8. Operates equipment efficiently 9. Performs room set-up for routine and modified procedures 10. Demonstrates knowledge of patient preps 11. Demonstrates proficiency in computer protocol 12. Follows call report protocol 13. Follows departmental oxygen protocol 14 Demonstrates knowledge of patient transport system 15. Demonstrates basic file room procedures 16. Displays ability to process films and/or film exams 17. Demonstrates proper telephone etiquette 20

21 18. Uses proper body mechanics 19. Demonstrates professional/interpersonal skills 20. Practices infection control 21. Restocks radiographic rooms 22. Safely manipulates stretchers and wheelchairs 23. Demonstrates ability to safely move patients on/off radiographic table SURGRY/PORTABLS 1. Assess the patient 2. Demonstrates sterile field precautions 3. Performs exam modification as needed 4. Practices isolation technique 5. Performs sterile portable exams without contaminating the sterile field 6. Demonstrates critical thinking/problem solving skills 7. Operates equipment efficiently 8. Performs room set-up for sterile and non-sterile exams 9. Demonstrates proficiency in computer protocol 10. Follows call report protocol 11. Follows departmental oxygen protocol 12. Demonstrates knowledge of patient transport system 13. Demonstrates basic file room procedures 14. Displays ability to process films and/or film exams 15. Demonstrates proper telephone etiquette 16. Uses proper body mechanics 17. Demonstrates professional/interpersonal skills 18. Practices infection control 19. Restocks radiographic rooms 20. Safely manipulates stretchers and wheelchairs 21. Demonstrates ability to safely move patients on/off radiographic table 21

22 R/SURGRY/PORTABLS 1. Assess the patient 2. Demonstrates sterile field precautions 3. Performs exam modification as needed 4. Practices isolation technique 5. Performs sterile portable/or exams without contaminating the sterile field 6. Demonstrates an exceptional level of critical thinking/problem solving skills 7. Operates Portable & C-Arm equipment efficiently 8. Performs room set-up for sterile and non-sterile exams 9. Demonstrates proficiency in computer protocol 10. Demonstrates ability to scan appropriate OR documents 11. Demonstrates adequate knowledge of Red Rules protocol 12. Demonstrates knowledge of patient transport system 13 Demonstrates proficiency in operating the vascular C-Arm 14. Displays ability to process digital images 15. Demonstrates proper phone etiquette 16. Uses proper body mechanics 17. Demonstrates professional/interpersonal skills 18. Practices infection control 19. Restocks C-Arm unit with appropriate digital films 20. Demonstrates ability to safely move patients on/off surgical table 21. Adequately performs disinfecting techniques (C-Arm equipment) 22. xhibits appropriate level of knowledge for trauma protocols 23. Understands lead apron protocols 24. Understand fluoroscopic protocols 25. Restocks the radiographic room with appropriate supplies 22

23 Participation valuation Form Student xam Patient # Room # Yes = Item performed without errors N/A = item does not apply to this exam Clinical Location Date valuator No = Item performed incorrectly The student has participated in performing the exam by: YS NO N/A 1. Calls patient s name, has patient repeat name and checks patient s identity by (1) other means. 2. Obtains appropriate medical history, correctly interprets all information on a request, and determines pregnancy status. 3. Introducing self as a student, explains exams and positions to patient. 4. Assists patient into room and on/off radiographic table. 5. Removes radiopaque materials and/or gown seams from area of interest while maintaining patient modesty. 6. Gives clear and proper respiration instructions 7. Correct side marker used appropriately. 8. Uses correct size, type, and orientation of image receptor 9. Proper use of Bucky/tabletop, distance, collimation, and shielding 10. Obtains accurate patient measurement 11. Completes necessary computer/paperwork 12. Dismisses patient as required 13. Restores order to radiographic room 14. Critiques images and identifies anatomy correctly Projection Measurement KVP MAS Cassette Size Bucky Index Number 23

24 Psychomotor Competency valuation Form Clinical Location Date valuator Student xam Patient # Room # 3 = Performed with no assistance 0 = Did not perform 2 = Performed with minimal assistance N/A = item does not apply 1 = Performed with great assistance 1. Calling patient s name; having patient repeat name and checking patient s identity by one (1) other means* 2. Obtains appropriate medical history, correctly interprets all information on request form and determines pregnancy status* 3. Introduces self as student and explains examination and positions to patient 4. Assists patient into room and on/off radiographic table 5. Removes radiopaque materials and/or gown seams from area of interest while maintaining patient modesty 6. Correctly positions patient for all projections* 7. Uses proper position aids 8. Uses correct tube angles 9. Gives clear and proper respiration instructions 10. Correct side marker used properly* 11. Uses correct size, type and orientation of image receptor 12. Correct placement of central ray* 13. Proper use of Bucky, tabletop, SID, collimation and shielding 14. Obtains accurate patient measurement 15. Selects correct technical factors* 16. Completes necessary paperwork 17. Dismisses patient as required 18. Restores order to radiographic room 19. Critiques images for technical correctness 20. Identifies anatomy correctly 21. Performs procedure in a reasonable length of time Projection Measurement KVP MAS Cassette Size Bucky Index Number 24

25 OR Psychomotor Competency valuation Form Student Clinical Location xam Date Patient # valuator Room # 3 = Performed with no assistance 0 = Did not perform 2 = Performed with minimal assistance N/A = item does not apply 1 = Performed with great assistance 1. Student is properly dressed for the C-Arm case 2. Introduces himself/herself to the medical staff 3. Correctly connects the C-Arm (turns on and off) 4. Follows Red Rules orders (obtains proper name sticker) 5. Students properly programs the patient information 6. Make sure the C-Arm is draped properly 7. Should understand the directional language of the surgeon (AP, lat., oblique, wagging, etc) * 8. Correct placement of central ray 9. Should understand the proper operations of the C-Arm * 10. Correctly orientates the image 11. Uses correct marker annotations (left and right) * 12. Properly cleans the C-Arm and other radiographic equipment 13. Identifies anatomy correctly 14. Prints images as needed and/or send images to PACS 15. Completes necessary paperwork 16. Restores C-Arm to proper storage area 17. Critiques images for technical correctness 18. Discards disposable materials in proper receptacle C-Arm time in C-Arm time out Fluoro time used OR Room # OR machine # Surgeon s name 25

26 Psychomotor Continued Competency valuation Form Student xam Patient # Room # Clinical Location Date valuator The student has demonstrated the ability to perform the exam by: YS NO N/A 1. Performed the examination without ANY assistance. 2. Student s own markers are evidenced on the image. 3. Student used appropriate judgment in determining quality of the original radiograph and the need for any repeat radiographs. 4. Student verbalized the necessary steps needed to produce a quality repeated radiograph. Please indicate the number of repeats per view: Please comment about this student s ability to perform this examination independently: View Measurement kvp mas Bucky Film Size Index Number **ALL RPAT XAMINATIONS MUST B PRFORMD WITH TH DIRCT SUPRVISION OF A RGISTRD TCHNOLOGIST 26

27 OR Continued Competency valuation Form Student Clinical Location xam Date Patient # valuator C-ARM quipment # OR Room # The student has demonstrated the ability to perform the exam by: YS NO N/A 1. Performed the examination without ANY assistance. 2. Student is properly dressed for OR case. 3. Follows Red Rules orders (obtains proper name sticker). 4. Completes necessary paperwork. Please comment about this student s ability to perform this examination independently: View Measurement kvp mas Bucky Film Size Index Number 27

28 Radiography Clinical Competency Requirements Imaging Procedures Requirements: Candidates must demonstrate competence in all 31 procedures identified as mandatory (M). Procedures should be performed on patients; however, up to eight mandatory procedures may be simulated (see previous page) if demonstration on patients is not feasible. Candidates must demonstrate competence in 15 of the 35 elective () procedures. Candidates must select one elective procedure from the head section. Candidates must select an Upper GI or Barium nema plus one other elective from the fluoroscopy section. lective procedures should be performed on patients; however, electives may be simulated (see previous page) if demonstration on patients is not feasible. Institutional protocol will determine the positions or projections used for each procedure. Demonstration of competence includes requisition evaluation, patient assessment, room preparation, patient management, equipment operation, technique selection, positioning skills, radiation safety, image processing, and image evaluation. Radiologic Procedure Chest and Thorax Chest Routine Chest AP (Wheelchair or Stretcher) Ribs Chest Lateral Decubitus Sternum Upper Airway (Soft-Tissue Neck) Mandatory or lective M M M Date Completed Patient or Simulated Competence Verified By Upper xtremity Thumb or finger Hand Wrist Forearm lbow Humerus Shoulder Trauma: Shoulder (Scapular Y, Transthoracic or Axillary)* Clavicle Scapula AC Joints Trauma: Upper xtremity (Nonshoulder)* M M M M M M M M M 28

29 Lower xtremity Toes Foot Ankle Knee Tibia-Fibula Femur Trauma: Lower xtremity* Patella Calcaneus (Os Calcis) M M M M M M Cranium Skull Paranasal Sinuses Facial Bones Orbits Zygomatic Arches Nasal Bones Mandible Head-Student must have at least one elective procedure from this section Spine and Pelvis Cervical Spine Trauma: Cervical Spine (Cross Table Lateral including a Twinning)* Thoracic Spine Lumbar Spine Pelvis Hip Cross table lateral Hip Sacrum and/or Coccyx Scoliosis Series Sacroiliac Joints Abdomen Abdomen Supine (KUB) Abdomen Upright Abdomen Decubitus Intravenous Urography M M M M M M M M 29

30 Fluoroscopy Studies Candidates must select an Upper GI or Barium nema plus one other elective from the fluoroscopy section. Upper GI Series (Single or Double Contrast) Barium nema (Single Contrast or Double Contrast) Small Bowel Series sophagus Cystography/Cystourethrography RCP Myelography Arthrography Surgical Studies C-Arm Procedure (Orthopedic) C-Arm Procedure (Non- Orthopedic) Mobile Studies Chest Abdomen Orthopedic Pediatrics (age 6 or younger) Chest Routine Upper xtremity Lower xtremity Abdomen Mobile Study M M M M M 30

31 *Trauma is considered a serious injury or shock to the body. Modifications may include variations in positioning, minimal movement of the body part, etc. Candidates must demonstrate competence in all six patient care activities listed below. The activities should be performed on patients; however, simulation is acceptable if state or institutional regulations prohibit candidates from performing the procedures on patients. General Patient Care Students must demonstrate competence in all six patient care activities listed below. The activities should be performed on patients; however, simulation is acceptable if state or institutional regulations prohibit students from performing the procedure on patients. CPR Vital Signs (BP, pulse, respiration, temperature) Sterile and aseptic technique Venipuncture Transfer of patient Care of patient medical equipment (e.g., oxygen tank, IV tubing) 31

32 xtra lective xaminations The following examinations will be accepted and can be used as additional electives for clinical requirements only, (in other words, they do not replace the required 15 ARRT elective requirements). These are only offerings for additional examinations which will satisfy the rotation. Students will be required to obtain approval from the Clinical Coordinator for any unlisted exams. Panorex Modified Barium Swallow Hysterosalpingogram Neonatal (extremity) Neonatal (Mobile chest) Neonatal (abdomen) Lumbar puncture 32

33 RADS 3161 Clinical ducation I C I A B C D Actual Competencies Participations Continued Competencies Performance valuations Rotational Objectives xperiences Papers Attendance 94% 91% 91% 88% On Time 97% 91% 82% 77% Case Study 75% or higher 3 Acceptable 2 Acceptable 1 Acceptable 0 Acceptable C I Final xam Days Absent Days Tardy Final Grade PARTICIPATIONS: DAT XAM DAT XAM PSYCHOMOTOR COMPTNCIS (successful) DAT XAM Grade DAT XAM Grade

34 PSYCHOMOTOR COMPTNCIS (unsuccessful) CONTINUD COMPTNCIS DAT XAM DAT XAM CLINICAL VALUATIONS: OBJCTIVS CLINICAL XPRINC PAPRS DAYS ABSNT

35 DAYS TARDY COMMNTS: FACULTY SIGNATUR: 35

36 RADS 3162 Clinical ducation II C II A B C D Actual Competencies Participations Continued Competencies Performance valuations Rotational Objectives xperiences Papers Attendance 94% 91% 91% 88% On Time 97% 91% 82% 77% Case Study 75% or higher 3 Acceptable 2 Acceptable 1 Acceptable 0 Acceptable Rising Senior xam Days Absent Days Tardy Final Grade PARTICIPATIONS: DAT XAM DAT XAM

37 PSYCHOMOTOR COMPTNCIS (successful) DAT XAM Grade DAT XAM Grade PSYCHOMOTOR COMPTNCIS (unsuccessful) CONTINUD COMPTNCIS DAT XAM DAT XAM

38 CLINICAL VALUATIONS: OBJCTIVS CLINICAL XPRINC PAPRS DAYS ABSNT DAYS TARDY COMMNTS: FACULTY SIGNATUR: 38

39 RADS 4163 Clinical ducation III C III A B C D Actual Competencies Continued Competencies Performance valuations Rotational Objectives Attendance 94% 91% 91% 88% On Time 97% 91% 82% 77% Case Study 75% or higher 3 Acceptable 2 Acceptable 1 Acceptable 0 Acceptable C III Final xam Days Absent Days Tardy Final Grade PSYCHOMOTOR COMPTNCIS (successful) DAT XAM Grade DAT XAM Grade PSYCHOMOTOR COMPTNCIS (unsuccessful) CONTINUD COMPTNCIS DAT XAM DAT XAM

40

41 CLINICAL VALUATIONS: OBJCTIVS DATS ABSNT DATS TARDY COMMNTS: FACULTY SIGNATUR: 41

42 RADS 4164 Clinical ducation IV C IV A B C D Actual Competencies Continued Competencies Performance valuations Rotational Objectives Attendance 94% 91% 91% 88% On Time 97% 91% 82% 77% Case Study 75% or higher 3 Acceptable 2 Acceptable 1 Acceptable 0 Acceptable Professional Poster Presentation PSYCHOMOTOR COMPTNCIS (successful) Days Absent Days Tardy Final Grade DAT XAM Grade DAT XAM Grade PSYCHOMOTOR COMPTNCIS (unsuccessful) CONTINUD COMPTNCIS DAT XAM DAT XAM

43

44 CLINICAL VALUATIONS: OBJCTIVS DATS ABSNT DATS TARDY COMMNTS: FACULTY SIGNATUR: 44

45 Student valuation of Clinical xperience Form Clinic Site Term Please circle a number from 1-5 indicating your feelings toward the following statements regarding clinical instruction in the hospital affiliates. The number 1 being the lowest rating and the number 5 being the highest. 1. The amount of time spent in the Clinical ducation Center was adequate. How many hours per week would be best at this point in the Program? 2. The clinical routines and procedures were explained by the technologist sufficiently to allow for thorough understanding. Which procedures, if any, could be explained better? The staff technologists were interested and willing to take time to give instructions and assistance. What additional assistance could the technologists provide the student? The clinical preceptor was interested and willing to take time to give instructions and assistance. What additional assistance could the clinical preceptor provide the student? You were allowed ample opportunity to work on your own Your time was well spent in the clinic The general radiation protection procedures of the department were adequate. How might the radiation protection procedures be improved? The technologists acted as good examples in patient care What suggestions do you have for improving patient care? 45

46 9. You received adequate critique from the technologists in each of the following areas: A. patient positioning B. equipment operation C. radiation protection D. patient management You received adequate critique from the clinical preceptor in each of the following areas: A. patient positioning B. equipment operation C. radiation protection D. patient management You received adequate critique from the AASU Faculty in each of the following areas: (if applicable) A. patient positioning B. equipment operation C. radiation protection D. patient management You received thorough feedback from the technologists on your performance to enable you to strengthen weaknesses. 13. The AASU clinical faculty was available when you needed them Performance time (length of time required to perform a procedure) was appropriately stressed 15. You were provided adequate opportunity to apply what you had learned in the classroom What did you like best about clinic? 17. What did you like least about clinic? 18. What suggestions would you have for improving the clinical experience? Signature Date 46

47 Date Note Clinical Progress Notes 47

48 Student Counseling Form Mid-rotation Counseling Final Counseling Special Counseling Student Name: Date: As of the above date, your progress during this term is as follows: Course Clinical valuations Objectives Participations Competencies Continued Competencies Comments: Student Signature: Instructor Signature: 48

49 Student Record of Clinical ducation RADS 3161 Clinical Assignment Date Rotation Date Rotation RADS 3162 RADS 4163 RADS

50 Preganancy Declaration Form I,, officially declare myself to be pregnant. This information is being given to the Department of Radiologic Sciences in order to have appropriate measures taken relative to my pregnancy and potential radiation exposure. The projected due date is. I understand that I must meet with the designated Radiation Safety Officer for the Department and discuss the issues involved, the current research, and required safety procedures during my pregnancy, and to review federal documentation relative to effects of radiation exposure to the embryo/fetus. Signature: Student Date 50

51 Rising Senior xamination Report and Remediation Record Student Name: Date: Based on the Rising Senior xamination, you were found to be deficient in the area(s) indicated below. As you have been found to be in need of remediation, you are required to contact the responsible faculty for each of the areas checked below and set up a remediation process acceptable to the responsible faculty. By the end of the summer semester, you must be signed off by all responsible faculty indicated below as having successfully completed the required remediation as defined by the faculty member. If you are not signed off by all faculty by the end of the summer semester you will not be allowed to maintain your enrollment in any RADS class in the fall semester of your senior year. Patient Care Procedures Physics Radiobiology/Protection Image Form & val Remediation Required Remediation Completed (Initials) Date Responsible Faculty: Patient Care Procedures Physics Radiobiology/Protection Image Form & val Ms. Smith Ms. Smith Dr. Strickland Ms. Cartright Ms. McGee or Dr. Tilson 51

52 Standards for an Accredited ducational Program in Radiologic Sciences FFCTIV JANUARY 1, 2002 Adopted by: The Joint Review Committee on ducation in Radiologic Technology: January 1996; Revised 2001 ssentials initially adopted: Radiography-1944; Revised 1955, 1969, 1978, 1983, 1990, 1994 Radiation Therapy-1968; Revised 1976, 1981, 1988, 1994 The Joint Review Committee on ducation in Radiologic Technology is dedicated to excellence in education and to quality and safety of patient care through the accreditation of educational programs in radiation and imaging sciences. The Joint Review Committee on ducation in Radiologic Technology (JRCRT) is recognized by the United States Department of ducation to accredit educational programs in radiography and radiation therapy. The JRCRT awards accreditation to programs demonstrating substantial compliance with these STANDARDS. Copyright 2001 by the JRCRT 52

53 Statement on Assessment of Program ffectiveness 1 The Joint Review Committee on ducation in Radiologic Technology (JRCRT) believes that the accreditation process offers a means of providing public assurance that a program meets standards and of stimulating programmatic improvement. The JRCRT Standards for an Accredited ducational Program in Radiologic Sciences (STANDARDS) require a program to articulate its purposes; to demonstrate that it has adequate human, financial, and physical resources effectively organized for the accomplishment of its purposes; to document its effectiveness in accomplishing its purposes; and to provide assurance that it can continue to meet accreditation standards. A variety of assessment approaches in its evaluation processes strengthens a program s ability to document its effectiveness. The JRCRT believes that assessment leads to programmatic improvement. The JRCRT does not prescribe a specific approach to assessment. The program in terms of its own purposes and resources should make that determination. Assessment is not an end in itself but a means of gathering information that can be used in evaluating the program s ability to accomplish its purposes. An effective assessment process provides information that assists program officials in making useful decisions about the program and in developing plans for its improvement. The JRCRT expects programs to develop a system of planning and evaluation to demonstrate its effectiveness in relation to student achievement. The program is expected to describe and document student learning outcomes and the pursuit of academic excellence. Introduction The Standards for an Accredited ducational Program in Radiologic Sciences are directed at the assessment of program and student outcomes. Using these STANDARDS, the goals of the accreditation process are to: protect the student and the public, stimulate programmatic improvement, provide protective measures for federal funding or financial aid, and promote academic excellence. ach STANDARD is titled and includes a narrative statement, supported by objectives, describing the outcome required for compliance with the STANDARD. Selected key terms are underlined and defined in the Glossary to clarify the meaning. The definitions contained in the Glossary are considered a component of the STANDARDS and, as such, must be satisfied to comply with the STANDARDS. 1 This Statement is based on a similar Statement developed by the Commission on Institutions of Higher ducation, North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. The JRCRT acknowledges, with thanks, the permission of the North Central Association for its use. 53

54 Standards for an Accredited ducational Program in Radiologic Sciences Table of Contents Standard One: Mission/Goals, Outcomes, and ffectiveness... 1 The program, in support of its mission and goals, develops and implements a system of planning and evaluation to determine its effectiveness and uses the results for program improvement. Standard Two: Program Integrity... 2 The program demonstrates integrity in representations to communities of interest and the public, in pursuit of educational excellence, and in treatment of and respect for students, faculty, and staff. Standard Three: Organization and Administration... 3 Organizational and administrative structures support quality and effectiveness of the educational process. Standard Four: Curriculum and Academic Practices... 4 The program s curriculum and academic practices promote the synthesis of theory, use of current technology, competent clinical practice, and professional values. Standard Five: Resources and Student Services... 5 The program s learning resources, learning environments, and student services are sufficient to support its mission and goals. Standard Six: Human Resources... 6 The program has sufficient qualified faculty and staff with delineated responsibilities to support the program s mission and goals. Standard Seven: Students... 9 The programs and sponsoring institution s policies and procedures serve and protect the rights, health, and educational opportunities of all students. Standard ight: Radiation Safety Program policies and procedures are in compliance with federal and state radiation protection laws. Standard Nine: Fiscal Responsibility The program and the sponsoring institution have adequate financial resources, demonstrate financial stability, and comply with obligations for Title IV federal funding, if applicable. Glossary Awarding, Maintaining, and Administering Accreditation

55 55

56 Standard One: Mission/Goals, Outcomes, and ffectiveness The program, in support of its mission and goals, develops and implements a system of planning and evaluation to determine its effectiveness and uses the results for program improvement. Objectives: In support of Standard One, the program: 1.1 Has a mission statement that defines its purpose and scope. 1.2 Has written goals that outline what the program is designed to achieve. 1.3 Makes its mission statement and goals readily available to students, faculty, administrators, and the general public. 1.4 Develops and implements an assessment plan that identifies benchmarks for the measurement of outcomes in relation to its mission statement and goals and includes: program completion rate; clinical performance and clinical competence; problem solving skills and critical thinking; communication skills; professional development and growth; graduate satisfaction; and employer satisfaction. 1.5 Documents outcomes consistent with each of the following JRCRT policies: over the past five years, credentialing examination pass rate average of not less than 75% at first attempt; and over the past five years, job placement rate of not less than 75% within six months of graduation. 1.6 Regularly solicits feedback from students, faculty, radiologists/radiation oncologists, graduates, employers, and other communities of interest. 1.7 Analyzes and uses feedback from communities of interest and outcome data for continuous improvement of its policies, procedures, and educational offerings. 1.8 Periodically evaluates its mission statement, goals, and assessment plan and makes revisions as necessary to achieve continuous quality improvement. 56

57 Standard Two: Program Integrity The program demonstrates integrity in representations to communities of interest and the public, in pursuit of educational excellence, and in treatment of and respect for students, faculty, and staff. Objectives: In support of Standard Two, the program: 2.1 Adheres to high ethical standards in relation to students, faculty, and staff. 2.2 Has program faculty recruitment and employment practices that are nondiscriminatory with respect to any legally protected status such as race, color, religion, gender, age, disability, and national origin. 2.3 Publishes statements accurately reflecting the program s offerings. 2.4 Has due process procedures that are readily accessible, fair, and equitably applied. 2.5 Has a policy that assures timely and appropriate resolution of complaints regarding allegations of non-compliance with JRCRT STANDARDS and maintains a record of such complaints and their resolution. 2.6 Regularly evaluates program policies, procedures, and publications and revises as appropriate. 2.7 Documents the continuing accreditation of the sponsoring institution. 2.8 Documents the continuing recognition of each clinical education setting by applicable regulatory agencies. 2.9 Maintains JRCRT recognition of all clinical education settings Maintains JRCRT recognition of all applicable faculty appointments Complies with requirements to achieve and maintain JRCRT accreditation. 57

58 Standard Three: Organization and Administration Organizational and administrative structures support quality and effectiveness of the educational process. Objectives: In support of Standard Three, the program: 3.1 Has organizational and administrative structures that support the program s mission and student learning outcomes. 3.2 stablishes and maintains affiliation agreements with clinical education settings. 3.3 Assures the security and confidentiality of student records, instructional materials, and other appropriate program materials. 3.4 Assures an appropriate relationship between program length and the subject matter taught and the objectives for the degree or credential offered. 3.5 Measures the length of all didactic and clinical courses in clock hours or credit hours. 58

59 Standard Four: Curriculum and Academic Practices The program s curriculum and academic practices promote the synthesis of theory, use of current technology, competent clinical practice, and professional values. Objectives: In support of Standard Four, the program: 4.1 Maintains a master plan of education. 4.2 Follows a JRCRT recognized and accepted curriculum that prepares the student to practice in the professional discipline. 4.3 Provides a curriculum that promotes professional values, life-long learning, and competency in critical thinking and problem solving skills. 4.4 Provides a well-structured, competency based curriculum that supports the program s mission and goals. 4.5 Has a curriculum that reflects assessment of affective, cognitive, and psychomotor domains. 4.6 Provides learning opportunities in current and developing imaging and/or therapeutic technologies. 4.7 Provides equitable learning opportunities. 59

60 Standard Five: Resources and Student Services The program s learning resources, learning environments, and student services are sufficient to support its mission and goals. Objectives: In support of Standard Five, the program: 5.1 Provides classrooms, laboratories, clinical education settings, administrative and faculty offices, and other facilities to support its mission and goals. 5.2 Provides clinical observation sites, as appropriate. 5.3 Has clinical education settings that provide students with a variety and volume of procedures for competency achievement. 5.4 Reviews, evaluates, and maintains learning resources to assure the achievement of student learning outcomes and program goals. 5.5 Reviews, evaluates, and maintains student services to assure the achievement of student learning outcomes and program goals. 60

61 Standard Six: Human Resources The program has sufficient qualified faculty and staff with delineated responsibilities to support program mission and goals. Objectives: In support of Standard Six, the program: 6.1 Documents that all faculty and staff possess academic and professional qualifications appropriate for their assignments. Full-time Program Director: Holds, at a minimum, a masters degree; Is proficient in curriculum design, program administration, evaluation, instruction, and counseling; Documents the equivalent of three years full-time experience in the professional discipline; Documents two years experience as an instructor in a JRCRT accredited program; Holds American Registry of Radiologic Technologists certification or equivalent and registration in the pertinent discipline. Didactic Program Faculty: Is qualified to teach the subject; Is knowledgeable of course development, instruction, evaluation, and academic counseling; Holds appropriate professional credentials, if applicable. Full-Time Clinical Coordinator: Holds, at a minimum, a baccalaureate degree; Is proficient in curriculum development, supervision, instruction, evaluation, and counseling; Documents the equivalent of two years full-time experience in the professional discipline; 61

62 Documents a minimum of one year of experience as an instructor in a JRCRT accredited program; Holds American Registry of Radiologic Technologists certification or equivalent and registration in the pertinent discipline. Radiography Clinical Instructor(s) or Radiation Therapy Clinical Supervisor(s): Is proficient in supervision, instruction, and evaluation; Documents the equivalent of two years full-time experience in the professional discipline; Holds American Registry of Radiologic Technologists certification or equivalent and registration in the pertinent discipline. Clinical Staff: Hold American Registry of Radiologic Technologists certification or equivalent and registration in the pertinent discipline. 6.2 Documents administrative, faculty, and clinical staff responsibilities are delineated and support the fulfillment of the program s mission and goals. Program Director: Organizes, administers, reviews, develops, and assures program effectiveness; Conducts on-going program assessment; Participates in budget planning; valuates and assures clinical education effectiveness; Maintains current knowledge of the professional discipline and educational methodologies through continuing professional development; Assumes the leadership role in the continued development of the program. Didactic Faculty: Prepare and maintain course outlines and objectives, instruct and evaluate students, and report progress; 62

63 Cooperate with the program director in periodic review and revision of course materials; Maintain appropriate expertise and competencies through continuing professional development. Clinical Coordinator: Correlates clinical education with didactic education; valuates students; Coordinates clinical education and evaluates its effectiveness; Cooperates with the program director in periodic review and revision of clinical course materials; Maintains current knowledge of the professional discipline and educational methodologies through continuing professional development; Maintains current knowledge of program policies, procedures, and student progress. Radiography Clinical Instructor(s) or Radiation Therapy Clinical Supervisor(s): Is knowledgeable of program goals; Understands the clinical objectives and clinical evaluation system; Provides students with clinical instruction/supervision; valuates students clinical competence; Maintains competency in the professional discipline and in instructional and evaluative techniques through continuing professional development; Maintains current knowledge of program policies, procedures, and student progress. Clinical Staff: Understand the clinical competency system; Support the educational process; Maintain current knowledge of program policies, procedures, and student progress. 63

64 6.3 Provides an adequate number of faculty to meet all educational, program, administrative, and accreditation requirements. 6.4 Provides support services to meet all educational, program, and administrative requirements. 6.5 Provides faculty with opportunities for continued professional development. 6.6 valuates didactic and clinical faculty performance regularly to assure instructional responsibilities are performed. 64

65 Standard Seven: Students The program s and sponsoring institution s policies and procedures serve and protect the rights, health and educational opportunities of all students. Objectives: In support of Standard Seven, the program: 7.1 Has student recruitment and admission practices that are consistent with published policies of the program and sponsoring institution. 7.2 Uses student recruitment and admission practices that are non-discriminatory with respect to any legally protected status such as race, color, religion, gender, age, disability, and national origin. 7.3 Makes available to prospective students accurate information about admission policies, transfer credit, tuition and fees, refund policies, academic calendars, academic policies, graduation requirements, and student services. 7.4 Makes available to enrolled students accurate information about admission policies, transfer credit, tuition and fees, refund policies, academic calendars, academic policies, grading policies, graduation requirements, and student services. 7.5 Provides timely and supportive academic, behavioral, and clinical advisement to students enrolled in the program. 7.6 Provides student academic and clinical activities that are educationally valid and support attainment of student learning outcomes. 7.7 Safeguards the health and safety of students associated with educational activities through implemented policies and procedures in regard to workplace hazards, harassment, communicable diseases, and substance abuse. 7.8 Limits required clinical and academic involvement for students to not more than 40 hours per week. 65

66 Standard ight: Radiation Safety Program policies and procedures are in compliance with federal and state radiation protection laws. Objectives: In support of Standard ight, the program: 8.1 Safeguards the health and safety of students associated with educational activities through the implementation of published policies and procedures that are in compliance with Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulations and state laws as applicable. 8.2 Has a pregnancy policy that is published and made known to accepted and enrolled female students that: is consistent with applicable federal regulations and state laws; includes notice of voluntary disclosure; and provides options for student continuance in the program. 8.3 Assures that students use equipment and accessories, employ techniques, and perform procedures in accordance with accepted equipment use and radiation safety practices to minimize radiation exposure to patients, selves, and others. 8.4 Assures that radiation therapy procedures are performed under the direct supervision of a qualified practitioner. 8.5 Assures that medical imaging procedures are performed under the direct supervision of a qualified practitioner until a radiography student achieves competency. 8.6 Assures that medical imaging procedures are performed under the indirect supervision of a qualified practitioner after a radiography student achieves competency. 8.7 Assures that radiography students repeating unsatisfactory radiographs are under the direct supervision of a qualified practitioner. 8.8 Maintains documentation that learning environments are in compliance with applicable state and federal radiation safety laws. 66

67 Standard Nine: Fiscal Responsibility The program and the sponsoring institution have adequate financial resources, demonstrate financial stability, and comply with obligations for Title IV federal funding, if applicable. Objectives: In support of Standard Nine, the program: 9.1 Has sufficient on-going financial resources to support the program s mission and goals. 9.2 Provides the program director an opportunity to participate in the budget planning process. 9.3 For those institutions and programs for which the JRCRT or a mixed accreditor serves as gatekeeper for Title IV financial aid, maintains compliance with USD policies and procedures. 67

68 Glossary Affiliation Agreement - A formal written understanding between an institution sponsoring the program and an independent clinical education setting. American Registry of Radiologic Technologists Certification or quivalent - Certification by the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists or unrestricted state license to operate radiation producing equipment. Assessment - The systematic collection, review, and use of information to improve student learning, educational quality, and program effectiveness. Assessment Plan - Provides direction for actions and is a way to determine progress. At a minimum, an assessment plan should include goals, evaluation criteria and benchmarks, outcomes, and a plan of action. Clinical Coordinator - Required if the program has 6 or more clinical education settings or more than 30 students enrolled in the clinical component. The clinical coordinator may not serve as program director. The clinical coordinator position may be considered equal to a full-time equivalent but may be shared by no more than four appointees. Clinical Instructor(s) - In radiography one full-time equivalent clinical instructor for every 10 students involved in the competency achievement process. Clinical Supervisor(s) - In radiation therapy, one clinical supervisor for each clinical education setting. Clinical ducation Setting - A facility recognized by the JRCRT as meeting appropriate qualifications for delivering clinical education and evaluation of clinical competency. A minimum of one clinical instructor/supervisor is designated at each site. Clinical Observation Site - An observation site is used for student observation of the operation of equipment and/or procedures. Clinical Staff - For radiography, the ratio of students to staff prior to student competency achievement in a given examination or procedure shall not exceed 1:1. For radiation therapy, the ratio of students to staff shall always be 1:1. Communities of Interest - Institutions, organizations, groups and/or individuals interested in educational activities in radiologic sciences. Competency Based - Student attainment of a specified level of proficiency. 68

69 Credentialing xamination Pass Rate - The number of graduates who pass the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists Credentialing examination or an unrestricted state licensing examination compared with the number of graduates who take the examination. Direct Supervision - Student supervision by a qualified practitioner who reviews the procedure in relation to the student s achievement, evaluates the condition of the patient in relation to the student s knowledge, is present during the procedure, and reviews and approves the procedure. A qualified radiographer is present during student performance of a repeat of any unsatisfactory radiograph. Due Process - The formal procedure for resolution of a grievance or complaint that identifies timeframes for completion of each step and provides for a final appeal to a source external to the program. Gatekeeper - An agency with responsibility for oversight of the distribution, record keeping, and repayment of Title IV financial aid. Goals - nds or results the program wants to achieve. Indirect Supervision - For radiography, that supervision provided by a qualified practitioner immediately available to assist students regardless of the level of student achievement. Immediately available is interpreted as the physical presence of a qualified practitioner adjacent to the room or location where a radiographic procedure is being performed. This availability applies to all areas where ionizing radiation equipment is in use. Job Placement Rate - The number of students employed in the radiologic sciences compared to the number of students actively seeking employment in the radiologic sciences. Learning nvironment - Places, surroundings or circumstances where knowledge, understanding, or skills are studied or observed such as classrooms, laboratories and clinical education settings. Learning Resources - Media and reference materials utilized to support and enhance the educational program and scholarly activity. Master Plan of ducation - Documentation of the entire course of study that includes at a minimum: didactic and clinical curricula, program policies and procedures, and strategies for assessing program effectiveness. Mission Statement - A means to communicate an educational vision and purpose. Mixed Accreditor - An accrediting agency whose responsibilities for accreditation include situations where the agency accredits the only educational program in an institution. Where there are multiple educational programs in an institution, the agency selected as the institutional accreditor. 69

70 Outcomes - Results, end products, or actual consequences resulting from the educational process. Outcomes include what the students demonstrated/accomplished or what the program achieved. Program Completion Rate - The number of students who complete the program compared to the number of students initially enrolled in the program. Program Length - Duration of the program which may be stated as total academic or calendar year(s), or total semesters, trimesters, or quarters. Qualified Practitioner - A radiation therapist or radiographer possessing American Registry of Radiologic Technologists certification or equivalent and active registration in the pertinent discipline and practicing in the profession. Recognized and Accepted Curriculum - 1) The latest American Society of Radiologic Technologists professional curriculum and/or 2) other professional curriculum adopted by the JRCRT Board of Directors following review and recommendation by the JRCRT Standards Committee. Sponsoring Institution - The facility or organization that has primary responsibility for the educational program and grants the terminal award. A sponsoring institution must be accredited by a recognized agency or meet equivalent standards. ducational programs may be established in: community and junior colleges; senior colleges and universities, hospitals, medical schools, postsecondary vocational/technical schools and institutions; military/governmental facilities; proprietary schools; and consortia (two or more academic or clinical institutions that have formally agreed to sponsor the development and continuation of an educational program). Consortia must be structured to recognize and perform the responsibilities and functions of a sponsoring institution. Title IV Financial Aid- Monies for education loaned or granted by the Federal government, e.g. Perkins loans, Stafford loans, PLUS loans, Pell grants, Supplemental ducational Opportunity grants and work-study programs. 70

71 Awarding, Maintaining, and Administering Accreditation A. Program/Sponsoring Institution Responsibilities 1. Applying for Accreditation The accreditation review process conducted by the Joint Review Committee on ducation in Radiologic Technology (JRCRT) can be initiated only at the written request of the chief executive officer or an officially designated representative of the sponsoring institution. This process is initiated by submitting an application and self-study report, prepared according to JRCRT guidelines, to: Joint Review Committee on ducation in Radiologic Technology 20 North Wacker Drive, Suite 900 Chicago, IL Administrative Requirements for Maintaining Accreditation a. Submitting the self-study report or a required progress report within a reasonable period of time, as determined by the JRCRT. b. Agreeing to a reasonable site visit date before the end of the period for which accreditation was awarded. c. Informing the JRCRT, within a reasonable period of time, of changes in the institutional or program officials, program director, clinical coordinator, and clinical supervisor(s) or clinical instructor(s). d. Paying JRCRT fees within a reasonable period of time. e. Returning, by the established deadline, a completed Annual Report. Programs are required to comply with these and other administrative requirements for maintaining accreditation. Additional information on policies and procedures is available from the JRCRT. Program failure to meet administrative requirements for maintaining accreditation may lead to being placed on Administrative Probationary Accreditation and ultimately to Withdrawal of Accreditation. B. JRCRT Responsibilities 1. Administering the Accreditation Review Process 71

72 The JRCRT reviews educational programs to assess compliance with the Standards for an Accredited ducational Program in Radiologic Sciences. The accreditation process includes a site visit. Before the JRCRT takes accreditation action, the program being reviewed must respond to the report of findings. The JRCRT is responsible for recognition of clinical education settings. 2. Accreditation Actions JRCRT accreditation actions for Probation may be reconsidered following the established procedure. JRCRT accreditation actions for Accreditation Withheld or Accreditation Withdrawn may be appealed following the established procedure. All other JRCRT accreditation actions are final. Procedures for reconsideration and appeal are published in the JRCRT Accreditation Handbook and are available upon request. A program or sponsoring institution may, at any time prior to the final accreditation action, withdraw its request for initial or continuing accreditation. ducators may wish to contact the following organizations for additional information and materials: accreditation: curriculum: Joint Review Committee on ducation in Radiologic Technology 20 North Wacker Drive, Suite 900 Chicago, IL (312) American Society of Radiologic Technologists Central Avenue, N.. Albuquerque, NM (505)

73 certification: American Registry of Radiologic Technologists 1255 Northland Drive St. Paul, MN (651) Copyright 2001 by the JRCRT Subject to the condition that proper attribution is given and this copyright notice is included on such copies, JRCRT authorizes individuals to make up to one hundred (100) copies of this work for non-commercial, educational purposes. For permission to reproduce additional copies of this work, please write to: 20 North Wacker Drive Suite 900 Chicago, IL (312) (312) (Fax)