NMIOTC Commandant s Foreword

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3 NMIOTC Commandant s Foreword The maritime environment is characterized by complexity and diversity in its very nature, offers abundant freedom to seafarers but is also vulnerable to activities threatening the security of Nations and the free flow of world commerce. Terrorist movements, human trafficking, piracy and proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction are just few examples of activities that may be conducted from or through the sea. The threat emanating from the sea has a global nature and the defense against it is a challenge for NATO member nations and partners to meet. Global security challenges, like those mentioned above, have led the Alliance to seek for new capabilities and, by implication, new training requirements have risen. In the field of Maritime Interdiction Operations (MIOs), NMIOTC responds to these requirements and leads the efforts aiming to improve the capabilities of allied and partner naval units in conducting interdiction operations that will address a wide range of maritime security challenges. The Centre, as part of the Alliance s transformational network, not only trains naval units and specialized teams on MIO, but also provides SACT with proposals for new doctrines, tactics, methods and equipment on a wide operational range. Our aim is to develop a diverse and highly effective Maritime Interdiction Operations workforce, via training, education and mentoring, and by providing opportunities to operational teams and individuals to gain experience and realize their full potentials. By embracing NATO standards, contacting initiatives, and emphasizing on novelty and experimentation, as well as simulation and modeling, NMIOTC participates actively in the effort of allied and emerging partners into forces integration and improvement of interoperability, while forging at the same time a Law Enforcement culture, through proper legal training, on Naval Units and Law Enforcement Agencies operating in the open seas under UN mandates and NATO Ops. Recognizing the high standards of training and education provided by NMIOTC, the Supreme Allied Command Transformation has awarded the Centre on November 7 th 2013 with a Quality Assurance Unconditional Accreditation, valid until We stand ready to welcome allies and partners to our training programs and initiatives in order to contribute to the combined effort of developing solutions and addressing current and emerging global security challenges. Working together with the MIO experts will enhance the readiness, capability and capacity to achieve mission objectives while conducting interdiction operations. If you want to go fast go alone, if you want to go far go together.

4 -2- NATO MARITIME INTERDICTION OPERATIONAL TRAINING CENTRE (NMIOTC) Operational Environment / INTRODUCTION Since 2001 wide range of threats were raised in the operational environment. Such threats could disrupt the finely balanced interdependence of today s highly globalized economy; one in which 90% of the total volume of goods is moved by sea and were communications cables that carry 95% of the world s cyberspace traffic, lay on the seabed. In this context the Alliance undertakes to contribute to the maintenance of a secure and safe maritime environment through Alliance s Maritime Strategy core values as follows: Deterrence and Collective Defense Crisis Management Cooperative Security (outreach through partnership, dialogue and cooperation) Maritime Security Counter Piracy in Maritime Interdiction Operations MIO is laying underneath each one of the above mentioned core values and is a critical enabler / tool with MSA to support NATO s strategic concept. The enforcement of sanctions and embargos is designed to force a nation to comply with international law or to conform to a UN General Assembly resolution or mandate. In order to support these sanctions a barrier should have been established allowing only authorized goods, persons or services to enter or to exit, within a specific area. The above stated facts are also evident from the agreed MIO definition which is an operation conducted to enforce prohibition on the maritime movement of specific persons or materials within a defined geographical area, is called Maritime Interdiction Operation (MIO). Under the above referenced context NATO Maritime Interdiction Operational Training Centre (NMIOTC) has been founded to provide specialized training in an effort to enhance the efficiency of Allied Maritime Units conducting Maritime Interdiction Operations (MIO) supporting as a critical enabler / tool the movement in the maritime environment.

5 -3- SACEUR Chief of HNDGS SACT Sign the Functional Relationship MoU Background The decision to found NMIOTC was taken during the meeting of Defense Ministers of the member states of the Alliance on the 12 th of June As a result, the Hellenic Navy General Staff (HNGS) created the NMIOTC Foundation Coordination Office, in November Its aim was to found the Centre and obtain its definite operational ability from SACT by December The main memorandum of cooperation which defines the functional relationship of the Centre with the Strategic Commanders of the Alliance was signed on the 15 th of November Full Operational Capability was acquired on the 2 nd of April 2008 and the Inauguration Ceremony took place on the 14 th of October On 7 th of November 2013 NMIOTC was awarded by SACT with a Quality Assurance Unconditional Accreditation, valid till 7 th of November Location NMIOTC Location NMIOTC is located at Souda Bay, Crete, which is one of the largest and most important natural ports in the Eastern Mediterranean. Souda Naval Base has a long history of involvement in supporting Allied operations with a considerable flow of naval units. Additionally, it is surrounded by numerous facilities providing a combination of National and Allied services.

6 -4- Crest The map of Greece represents the country which funds and hosts the Centre. The anchor symbolizes its naval nature, whereas the naval sword and the sheath symbolize its main mission, to improve special operations. The characters of the English alphabet symbolize its international value and participation of its personnel. The anchor and the sword with the sheath of the same color are crossed to inspire the symbol of «Maritime Force». The motto of the Centre is an extract from Thucydides History (Book 2, verse 43) and is directly related to the above symbols: Since you considered that happiness means freedom and freedom means bravery, do not fear the dangers of war. NMIOTC Crest Vision The vision of NMIOTC is to Enhance Maritime Security through MIO Training and remaining Alliance s credible MIO expert, enhancing the effectiveness of Alliance s Maritime Strategy in all possible ways. NMIOTC Status NMIOTC is a multi-nationally manned NATO Operational Training Centre, commanded by a flag officer of the Hellenic Navy. Crew Control

7 -5- Host/Framework Nation: Greece 100% funded by Greece Sponsoring Nations: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Italy, Romania and Turkey Although it is outside the NATO Command Structure (NCS), NMIOTC is associated with ACT in similar way as the NATO Education and Training Facilities (NETFs): - NATO School Oberammergau (NSO) - NATO CIS School (NCISS) - Latina and NATO Defense College Rome (NDC) International Military Organization (IMO) It coordinates closely with HQ SACT and has links with Joint Warfare Centre (JWC) Stavanger, Joint Forces Training Centre (JFTC) Bydgoszcz and Joint Analysis Lessons Learned Centre (JALLC) Lisbon. Supports: ACO with Just-In-Time Operational Training ACT in its Transformational Goals The Chief of Hellenic National Defence General Staff (HNDGS) exercises full command of the NMIOTC and has delegated administrative control to the Chief of the Hellenic Navy General Staff (HNGS). Mission NMIOTC to conduct the combined training necessary for NATO forces to improve execution of surface, subsurface, aerial surveillance and special operations activities in support of Maritime Interdiction Operations (MIO). Tactical Sweep by Greek Navy Special Forces

8 -6- Roles Improve allied naval units expertise in Maritime Interdiction Operations through specific training programs. Promote skills, interoperability and cooperation among naval units through sea training and simulation. Support ACT in the development of tactical maritime interdiction operations, training directives and manuals. Support ACT in areas such as research, experimentation, modeling and simulation. Contribute to the ACT lessons learned process. HELO Insertion Structure NMIOTC is a multi-nationally manned NATO Operational Training Centre, commanded by a flag officer of the Hellenic Navy. The NMIOTC Staff comes from Army, Air Force, Navy, as well as Coast Guard branches and the sea trainers are Greek Navy Seals, Greek Army Special Forces, as well as Police and Coast Guard SWAT Teams. The NMIOTC has 4 organizational elements: a. The Command Group (CG) provides command and control for the NMIOTC. b. The Education and Training (E&T) Directorate is responsible for planning and executing all training activities required to accomplish the NMIOTC mission. c. The Training Support (TS) Directorate is responsible for the functions that directly support the activities conducted by E&T. d. The Support (S) Directorate is responsible for the functions that are required to sustain the NMIOTC s ability to conduct its training activities. Education & Training Directorate COMMAND GROUP COMMANDANT Training Support Directorate Support Directorate

9 -7- Theoretical Training NMIOTC Training Yard Container Inspection NMIOTC Training Concept a. Currently nine NATO Courses are delivered by NMIOTC. The NMIOTC Courses provide theoretical and practical training for command teams, boarding teams, Naval Units and individual personnel in order to plan and better execute Maritime Interdiction Operations. The Command Team is educated in detail in all organizational and procedural aspects of MIO through classroom indoctrination, while the Boarding Team, after having obtained the theoretical background and safety precautions, proceeds to the gradual practical training, adjustable to their capabilities. Both Teams, having completed the step-by-step capability build-up and once their knowledge, understanding and adherence to safety precautions is validated (as well as the pertinent knowledge of the educational material), are challenged to perform an operation as a whole, where their skills and cooperation are evaluated. b. The modular Course structure, allows the formulation of training programs, tailored to the needs and time / operational constraints of each naval unit or group of trainees. c. NATO and PfP/MD/ICI/PatG naval units training has a similar course structure, taking into account the security / classification issues. d. Although designed for Teams and Units, the Courses are also delivered to individuals, during scheduled training periods. e. In order to provide ad-hoc MIO training to nations / organizations / units, unavailable to bring their personnel at NMIOTC, Mobile Training Teams (MTTs) are ready to be transferred at the customer s facilities.

10 -8- NMIOTC Resident Courses 1000 Course - Command Team MIO Issues 1010 MIO Operational Planning 1020 MIO Messages 1030 MIO Phases 1040 Legal Issues / ROE 1050 Intel Support to MIO 1060 Unit Organization 1070 Air Assets 1080 Psychological Aspects 1090 MIO Simulator 1100 Sharing MIO Information in the Area of Operations 1200 NATO Biometrics in MIO 2000 Course Boarding Team Classroom Issues 2010 Actions, other than tactical sweep 2020 Inspection/Detection Techniques 2030 Intel Gathering on MIO Targets 2040 Tactical MIO Planning Crew Psychology 2050 Boarding Team Psychology 2060 Suspect Vessel's Crew Psychology 2070 Plan and Execute MIO Using CEBOSS 2080 NATO Biometrics in MIO 2090 Biometrics Collection with SEEK II Device 3000 Course - Boarding Team Practical Training 3010 Container Inspection 3020 Small Arms Training 3030 Tactical Sweep 3040 Crew Control / Suspect Crew Handling 3050 Small Boat Handling 3060 RHIB Insertion 3070 Heliborne Insertion / extraction 3080 Boarding under Multiple Threats 4000 Course - Naval Unit Final Training Tactical Exercise (FTX) 4010 Evaluation of Command Team s Ability to 4020 Evaluation of Boarding Team s Ability to Plan and Execute MIO Plan and Conduct VBSS 4030 Evaluation of Ship s Internal Organization 5000 Course - Maritime Operational Terminology (MOTC) 5100 NATO Concept 5200 NATO Operations Legal Aspects 5300 NATO TTPs in Maritime Ops 5400 NATO Operations Planning Process 5500 Briefing Techniques 6000 Course - WMD in MIO 6110 Political aspects of WMD proliferation 6120 NATO strategic approach on CBRN in relation to MIO 6130 Legal Aspects Related to WMD Counter-Proliferation 6140 Operational Processes Required to 6150 Reach-Back Architecture and Procedures 6210 CBRN Threat Counter WMD Proliferation at Sea 6220 CBRN Agents and their Means of 6230 CBRN Agents' Impact on the Human 6240 Methods of CBRN Detection Delivery Body 6250 Principles of CBRN Protection and the 6310 Stand-Off Detection of CBRN Material Available Equipment during MIO 6330 Identification of CBRN material during boarding and Equipment 6320 Detection of CBRN material during boarding 7000 Course - MIO in Support of Counter Piracy OPS 7010 Piracy Overview and History 7020 Ongoing Counter-Piracy Operations 7030 Legal Aspects of Counter- Piracy 7040 Updates on Recent Piracy Incidents 7050 Case Studies 7060 Lessons Learned 7070 Anti-Piracy Measures in Merchant 7080 Counter-Piracy Simulated Ops 7090 Counter Piracy Using CEBOSS 7095 NATO Biometrics in Counter Piracy 7100 Small Boat Investigation 7200 Pirate Mother Ship Hijacked MV VBSS / Boarding 7300 Protection of a Merchant Ship from Pirate Attack at sea 7400 Biometrics Collection with SEEK II Device 8000 Course - C-IED Considerations in Maritime Force Protection 8010 Global Maritime IED Threat 8020 Methods of Attack 8030 Classification of IED s 8040 Water Borne IEDs (WBIEDs) 8050 Force Protection Process / Model 8060 Maritime Tactical Exploitation Awareness 8070 Procedures for Person / Vehicle checking 8075 Port arrival procedures, including area 8080 Escalation of Force (EOF) and building search 8085 C-IED Capabilities / Initiatives 8090 International Ship and Port facility Security (ISPS) Code 8100 Attack the Network (AtN) Exploitation 8095 Maritime Force Protection (MFP) Planning process 9000 Course - Legal Issues in MIO 9010 International Maritime Legal Environment 9020 Legal Aspects of Maritime Threats 9030 Legal Implementation on MIO 9040 Operational Law - ROE 9050 Legal Concerns - Human Rights Protection NMIOTC Resident Courses under development Course - MIO in Support of Countering Illicit Trafficking at Sea Course - Autonomous Vessel Protection Detachment (AVPD) Course Course - C-IED Considerations in MIO

11 -9- Modeling & Simulation NMIOTC personnel have developed a tactical training MIO Simulator capable of training up to 4 command teams. It accommodates training of command teams ranging from a small patrol boat or a large surface unit (Frigate etc) up to the level of Commander Task Force or the level of a Maritime Operations Centre. MIO Simulator Training MIO Simulator provides a test bench where command teams can practice MIO procedures, terminology and tactics. On the other hand it is used in order to plan and test MIO Operations, exercises, counter piracy, WMD, SAR, and other scenarios for the benefit of the trainees. Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) courses are an additional tool NMIOTC offers, especially designed as PRE LEARNING for trainees with limited previous experience in MIO. Experimentation NMIOTC provides experimentation subject matter expertise related to MIO. It maintains a regular information exchange with NATO and national agencies for the identification of future experimentation opportunities, while being a central reference library of experimentation documentation. Also NMIOTC is responsible for supporting exercises and experimentation trials through direct planning and execution functions, with an emphasis on experimentation. Mobile Training Teams (MTT) Apart from the aforementioned training products, NMIOTC has also developed Mobile Training Teams (MTT). These teams consist of NMIOTC s Sea Training Instructors (STIs) and they are deployable worldwide. Their mission is to provide on the spot training, addressing the specific host-country MIO related requirements. The full spectrum of the theoretical training modules can be delivered, while modules related to practical training are being modified, due to training teams equipment transportation limitations.

12 -10- Transformation In addition to Allied Command Transformation (ACT) accredited courses, NMIOTC runs a variety of activities to contribute to ACT Transformation process in the area of Maritime Security and MIO: Conferences, Workshops and Seminars (NMIOTC Annual Conference, ATP- 71 doctrine development Workshop, Counter proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction in MIO Seminar) Experimentation programs, offering infrastructure, assets and expertise as Subject Matter Expert in MIO. (cooperation with NPS Monterey, ACT Capability Development, Academia) Exchange of information, and in particular Lessons Learned and Best Practices, with Component Commanders and Commanders at sea, which is a highly important element that help the Centre to fine tune training program and assist the ACT in the Transformational efforts. For additional information visit or call TS Directorate Conclusions Maritime Interdiction Operations (MIO) is a critical enabler stemming directly from the core values of Alliance s Maritime Strategy, which is the fundamental document from which all maritime strategic tasks are originating from the strategic level. NMIOTC is NATO response to increased need for MIO. NMIOTC is flexible and responsive to requests delivering Just-in-Time, Just Enough, Day / Night Training. NMIOTC Training platforms NMIOTC Modular structure allows Tailored and Customized Training based on customers operational needs. The global security environment has led the Alliance to the development of new capabilities and consequently to the definition of new training requirements. The realization of this new facility was accomplished with Greece becoming the host nation for the foundation of the NMIOTC. The proximity of Souda Bay to maritime communication lines of universal importance means that its use from Allied Navies is unavoidable. This leads to the result that the presence of warships at Souda Bay will continue indefinitely.

13 -11- Challenges The effective NATO reaction depends on the improvement of its military capabilities. In this framework, the training in a MIO is one of the components which, among others, will ameliorate NATO s defense against a wide spectrum of maritime security threats. This results in the important influence of that NMIOTC has on the maritime operations sector. Fast Rope MIO is lying and linked directly underneath to each one of the core values supporting the whole Alliance s maritime strategy in any possible way. Interdiction missions can cover a wide area of many aspects. Additionally, the capabilities of NMIOTC will continue to be expanded through course curriculum development, contribution to the transformational efforts of the Alliance and responding to new maritime operational gaps. City of Chania NMIOTC is located in the northern area of Souda Bay, 20 km away from the city of Chania, at the north-west part of Crete. The old city of Chania, built over the ruins of ancient city of KYDONIA has managed to preserve its cultural heritage and traditional architecture. Nowadays the city has residents. Its rare beauty justifies the characterization as the "Venice of the East". A walk in the narrow streets of the old city offers nostalgic images from the past. You can walk through the streets and discover numerous churches and majestic neoclassic buildings. Enjoy the sea breeze at the portside, the colors of the old city and taste the local cuisine based on the Mediterranean dietary in picturesque restaurants and taverns as Chania is considered the gastronomical capital of Crete.

14 -12- NMIOTC windows to the world a. Webpage: b. MIO Journal c. New Course Catalogue

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