The Randstad. compared to the top 20 European. metropolitan areas RANDSTAD MONITOR 2017 RANDSTAD REGION IN EUROPE

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1 The compared to the top 20 European metropolitan areas RANDSTAD MONITOR 2017 RANDSTAD REGION IN EUROPE

2 Noord-Holland Haarlem Lelystad Flevoland Amsterdam Den Haag Rotterdam Zuid-Holland Utrecht Utrecht

3 WELCOME to the Region! The Region comprises four provinces in the western Netherlands: Noord-Holland, Zuid-Holland, Utrecht and Flevoland. The is not a single city and it is not an agglomeration around a single city, such as one sees in Paris or. Rather it is a conglomerate of large and midsize cities. Together, these cities have all the facilities necessary to play a significant role in the world. 8.1 million inhabitants It is a dynamic metropolitan region where 8.1 million people nearly half of the country s population live and work. The well-known cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht and The Hague are located in the. The region offers a wide spectrum of economic activities. With a gross regional product (GRP) of EUR 367 billion, the Region is the fourth-largest metropolitan region in Europe after, Paris and the Rhine-Ruhr. More than half of the Netherlands gross national product is generated in the. The is a key point of access for Northwestern Europe. The region offers direct connections to the rest of the world, including through mainports such as the Port of Rotterdam, the largest port in Europe, and Amsterdam Schiphol Airport. In addition to other factors, such as world-class museums in Amsterdam, this excellent international accessibility makes the region appealing to international businesses, conferences and tourists. As a regional cluster, the is an important driver for knowledge and innovation. Many knowledge institutions including leading universities are located in the Region. GRP in EUR 367 billion RANDSTAD Monitor

4 Comparing the top 20 European metropolitan areas Economic activities around the world are concentrated in metropolitan areas, and the same is true in Europe. The objective of the Monitor research underlying this brochure is to monitor the Region s performance and compare it to the top 20 metropolitan areas in Europe. This is based on two core concepts: competitiveness and liveability. The metropolitan areas to which the was compared were chosen based on internationally used indicators. The indicators do not relate to the size of the regions, but to the functions they fulfil. The premise in this regard is that the regions must be comparable to one another, which means that a metropolitan region consists of both a city centre and the surrounding area. This is referred to as the daily urban system that can be considered a natural spatial-economic unit consisting of one or more employment centres and the areas where the persons who work in those centres live. 2 RANDSTAD Monitor 2017

5 1 2 Paris 7 Madrid ,851 12,132 6,429 Frankfurt 197 4,016 3 Rhine-Ruhr ,704 8,116 Munich 177 2,887 5 Milan 6 Brussels-Antwerp 11 Barcelona ,795 4,968 5, Berlin 169 5, Rome 153 4, Stockholm 14 Hamburg ,257 3, Copenhagen 118 2, Vienna 111 2, Warsaw 80 3, Manchester 18 Helsinki ,774 1, Prague 60 2,607 Gross Regional Product 2016 (bn Euro) Population (x1000) RANDSTAD Monitor

6 Demographics The region is home to 8.1 million people. The population of the grew steadily between 1996 and 2016, with the number of inhabitants rising by approximately 1 million during that period. The, just like other metropolitan areas, continues to urbanise. While the increase in population in the remains relatively stable, population increases in other metropolitan areas are accelerating. With its 0.7 percent per year growth between 1996 and 2000, the was still the fourth fastest-growing region in Europe, but its ranking dropped significantly between 2014 and 2016, despite achieving that same rate of growth. On balance, the increase in the s population is now at the average rate for the top 20 European metropolitan areas. Although ageing is the dominant trend in Europe, the population in the is relatively young. While the share of the s population aged 15 to 74 the potential working population is average in size; the group of people aged 0 to 14 is relatively large. 4 RANDSTAD Monitor 2017

7 Population size and average population growth per period Population (x1000) 2016 Population growth , % 0.8% Paris 12, % 0.4% Rhine-Ruhr 11, % -0.1% 8, % 0.7% Milan 7, % 0.2% Population (x1000) 2016 Population growth Madrid 6, % 1.0% Barcelona 5, % 0.3% Berlin 5, % 0.0% Brussels-Antwerp 4, % 0.2% Rome 4, % -0.2% Population (x1000) 2016 Population growth Frankfurt 4, % 0.2% Warsaw 3, % 0.8% Hamburg 3, % 0.4% Munich 2, % 0.2% Manchester 2, % 0.1% Population (x1000) 2016 Population growth Prague 2, % -0.2% Vienna 2, % 0.3% Stockholm 2, % 1.1% Copenhagen 2, % 0.4% Helsinki 1, % 1.3% RANDSTAD Monitor

8 The five largest economies in Europe Gross Regional Product per capita 790 bn Euro 675 bn Euro 446 bn Euro 367 bn Euro 295 bn Euro Stockholm Munich Paris Rhine-Ruhr 4 Milan Paris Copenhagen Economic growth % Stockholm 4.3 % Warsaw 3.7 % 3.2 % Madrid 2.9 % Copenhagen 2.8 % Barcelona 2.8 % Prague 2.5 % 8 6 RANDSTAD Monitor 2017

9 Economic growth The is the fourth-largest economy in Europe, after, Paris and the Rhine-Ruhr, achieving a gross regional product (GRP) of EUR 367 billion in Since 2014, the has been experiencing a significant recovery in economic growth. In terms of economic growth, the 2.5 percent increase in its GRP has returned the from bringing up the rear to a respectable position in the sub-top of Europe. In the years , the top 5 consisted of Stockholm, Warsaw,, Madrid and Copenhagen. The is growing at a rate that is higher than that of the Netherlands as a whole (2.5 percent versus 2.1 percent). The also ranks in the sub-top in terms of per capita growth in GRP; it may even take fifth place, according to the provisional growth figures for With an average GRP of EUR 45,000 per capita, the ranks eighth in the top 20. Stockholm,, Munich, Copenhagen and Paris are the wealthiest urban areas in Europe. The recovery of the Dutch economy is centred in the. The s recovery is being driven by an increase in exports via the airports and seaports in Amsterdam and Rotterdam and is now being supported by the recovery of the housing market and an increase in confidence attributable to job recovery. The stabilised financial sector is also contributing to the recovery of confidence. As a result, domestic spending and consumption are on the rise. In addition to the wholesale, commerce and transport markets, the recovery is also making itself felt in the hospitality, ICT and professional services industries. The construction industry is playing a special role, bouncing back strongly with the improvement of the housing market. Fourth-largest economy in Europe RANDSTAD Monitor

10 Employment Employment is on the increase. But where prior to 2009 economic growth was primarily dependent on an increase in the number of persons with jobs, the role of labour productivity has become more prominent in recent years. For the years , the ranks an average of third in terms of increased labour productivity. Although the unemployment rate has started to drop, it remains at a higher average than it did prior to 2009, when the had one of the lowest unemployment rates among Europe s metropolitan areas. The percentage of the people aged 15 to 74 that are working or looking for work known as the participation rate is at a high level of 70 percent, but that figure is not increasing. The average for all metropolitan areas is 67 percent. The period between 1995 and 2000 was a very successful one for the, driven largely by domestic spending through the strong development of the housing market and the generous availability of credit, combined with a rapidly increasing participation rate that made more people confident. The gross participation rate is now moving towards the average for metropolitan areas. 2.4% Increase labour productivity % Participation rate 8 RANDSTAD Monitor 2017

11 Working population and unemployment rate 6, , Paris Rhine-Ruhr 4, , Milan Brussels-Antwerp Number of workers (x1000, 2016) Unemployment rate (%, 2015) Gross participation rate (2015) 76 % Stockholm 72 % Munich 71 % Warsaw 71 % 70 % 5 70 % Copenhagen 70 % Helsinki = 70 % Madrid 70 % Madrid 68 % Barcelona Labour productivity 8 60 /h 75 /h Paris 66 /h 74 /h Stockholm 70 /h Munich 73 /h Copenhagen RANDSTAD Monitor

12 Knowledge and innovation Investments in Research & Development are on the upswing in the ; these now account for 2 percent of the GRP, just under the average of 2.2 percent. To be in the European top, however, R&D must account for some 3.7 percent of the GRP. Of the working population in the, 39 percent are highly educated, which is average for the top 20 metropolitan areas. While this percentage is increasing in the, it is increasing more significantly in other regions. The number of foreign students is higher in the top European regions. The number of people with lower-level educations is higher in the than on average in other metropolitan areas, but the number with average-level educations is lower. In terms of trademark filings and product design rights, the falls in the middle. The same is true for knowledgeintensive, technologically oriented services. 10 RANDSTAD Monitor 2017

13 Investment in Research and Development (in % of GRP in 2014) 3.9 Copenhagen 3.6 Stockholm Munich 4.2 Helsinki 3.7 Frankfurt 3.1 % of working population with higher education 49 % 49 % 48 % 48 % 39 % Helsinki Paris Madrid 11 Foreign students 2014 as % of the total number of students 26.3 Vienna Munich 26.2 Manchester 19.0 Berlin 18.5 Copenhagen RANDSTAD Monitor

14 Number of multinationals, total turnover Paris 27 1,566, , ,004,222 Metropolitan area Number of multinationals Turnover in million US$ Traffic congestion: travel time lost due to traffic jams in % 23 % Copenhagen 25 % Madrid 1 Passenger air travel (mln passengers, 2016) Internet traffic via main internet exchanges in Europe in Paris 3,417 Gb/s Frankfurt Gb/s Stockholm 3,130 Gb/s 61 Frankfurt 50 Madrid 2,094 Gb/s 12 RANDSTAD Monitor 2017

15 Business climate The is considered attractive to very attractive for businesses. After and Paris, the ranks as the most important location for multinationals in Fortune s Global 500. Amsterdam s overcapacity in the top segment of the market for international office space is a thing of the past. The recovery began slowly in 2013, accelerating in In terms of accessibility, the is among the top regions of Europe. The has the least traffic congestion (lost travel time due to traffic jams) of the top 20 metropolitan areas. Passenger air travel is developing apace thanks to Schiphol Airport and the same is true for freight transport thanks to the Port of Rotterdam. In terms of data traffic, Amsterdam and Frankfurt are the two largest Internet exchange hubs in Europe, distantly followed by and Stockholm. The is also strong on tourism, now ranking fourth of the top 5 thanks to aboveaverage growth in recent years. The holds first place when it comes to the number of international conferences. The air quality of the region is relatively good, ranking in the sub-top of metropolitan areas. In terms of accessibility, the is among the top regions of Europe RANDSTAD Monitor

16 Number of international conferences Number of nights spent by tourists 195 Berlin 185 Brussels-Antwerp 178 Vienna Paris 185 Barcelona Barcelona Paris 45 Hamburg 41 Berlin * No data available for Air quality in 2014 (particulate matter, PM) 28.5 % 32 % 32.3 % 36.3% Manchester Madrid Munich 7 14 RANDSTAD Monitor 2017

17 The Representation of the Region in Brussels The Representation of the Region promotes the joint European interests of the provinces of Noord-Holland, Zuid-Holland, Utrecht and Flevoland. The partnership primarily focuses on the following topics: Smart Regional economy and accessibility Circular economy and energy Agrofood Environment, nature conservation & water In Brussels, the Representation of the follows the European policy agenda closely in an effort to contribute to European regulations that are effective and enforceable, as well as to the optimal use of available European funds. The Representation of the accomplishes this by sharing its knowledge and expertise with European policymakers and other stakeholders and by actively participating in networks of European regions. The Representation of the Region works from the House of the Dutch Provinces, where all twelve Dutch provinces maintain offices. Colophon This brochure is a publication of the Representation of the Region in Brussels. The brochure is based on the Monitor 2016: De Top-20 van Europese grootstedelijke regio s published by NEO Observatory (only available in Dutch). Translation: Balance, Design: AdGrafics, Images: Shutterstock Disclaimer The Representation of the Region accepts no liability in connection with possible inaccuracies and/or errors. No rights may be derived from the information in this brochure. RANDSTAD Monitor

18 Notes 16 RANDSTAD Monitor 2017

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20 RANDSTAD REGION Representation of the Region c/o House of the Dutch Provinces Trierstraat B-1040 Brussels, Belgium regiorandstad@nl-prov.eu