WATER SUPPLY AND DEMAND STATUS IN MALAYSIA SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA SPAN

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1 WATER SUPPLY AND DEMAND STATUS IN MALAYSIA SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA SPAN 1

2 Introduction: Managing our Water Resources 2

3 Introduction: Managing our Water Resources 3

4 Introduction: Managing our Water Resources 4

5 Introduction: Managing our Water Resources 5

6 The Challenge For Water Utilities In Malaysia Improve service provision: reliability and quality Strengthen utility performance: finances, management, operations. Expand, replace, renew, improve water supply and sewerage services facilities. More efficient and appropriate investments and operations to stretch scarce financial resources. Enormous resources needed to meet demand. 6

7 The Need to Reform the Water Services Industry 7

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HOW THE INDUSTRY IS REGULATED UNDER WSIA WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM WASTEWATER SYSTEM CATCHMENT AREA BALANCING RESERVOIR SEPTIC TANK DAM RIVER WATER TREATMENT PLANT SERVICE RESERVOIR CONSUMER

13 HOW THE INDUSTRY IS REGULATED UNDER WSIA WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM WASTEWATER SYSTEM CATCHMENT AREA BALANCING RESERVOIR SEPTIC TANK DAM RIVER WATER TREATMENT PLANT SERVICE RESERVOIR CONSUMER RIVER SEWERAGE TREATMENT PLANT SOURCE TREATMENT & DISTRIBUTION TREATMENT & DISCHARGE State Government Department of Environment Department of Irrigation and Drainage Ministry of Health SPAN 13

14 300 nos (Sewerage Products) 14

15 Available Rainfall in Malaysia Rainfall 990 bil. m3 Groundwater 64 bil. m3 (7%) Surface Run off 566 bil. m3 (57%) Evaporation 360 bil. m3 (36%) Although Malaysia has abundance of rainfall, but it does not fall at the right time and right place thus not all the water are stored and used to fulfill water demand in different sectors. 15

Projected Water Demand For All Sectors in Malaysia 2010 to 2050 Million Cubic Meter (mcm) per Year

Paddy Cultivation 8,266 9,112 8,049 7,641 7,205 Non paddy Crops Cultivation 1,113 1,124 1,130 1,146

19,014 20,072 21,127 Fisheries 8% Non paddy Crops Cultivation 7% Potable Water 33% Livestock 1%

16 Projected Water Demand For All Sectors in Malaysia 2010 to 2050 Million Cubic Meter (mcm) per Year Year Water Demand Potable Water 5,277 6,796 7,663 8,529 9,291 Irrigated Paddy Cultivation 8,266 9,112 8,049 7,641 7,205 Non paddy Crops Cultivation 1,113 1,124 1,130 1,146 1,172 Fisheries 1,287 1,593 1,923 2,390 2,898 Livestock Total 16,068 18,799 19,014 20,072 21,127 Fisheries 8% Non paddy Crops Cultivation 7% Potable Water 33% Livestock 1% Irrigated Paddy Cultivation 51% Notes: Source of data : The Review of the NWRS projection in year

17 Overview on Current and Future Water Supply and Demand until ,000 20,000 17,600 Projected Available Supply (based on RM Ke 9/10 & BP) 15,000 14,740 MLD 10,000 Total Plant Design Capacity Projected Demand (based on NWRS) 5,000 Total Plant Production 0 Year Notes: Source of data (1981 to 2010) : The MWIG

18 Raw Water Resources For Potable Water 2009 and MLD MLD State Direct Extraction From River Storage Dams (Direct) Ground Water Total Direct Extraction From River Storage Dams (Direct) Ground Water Total Johor 1, N/A 1,475 1, N/A 1,586 Kedah 1, N/A 1,262 1, N/A 1,292 Kelantan 200 N/A N/A Labuan Melaka N/A N/A 512 N. Sembilan N/A N/A 840 Pulau Pinang N/A 991 1, N/A 1,089 Pahang 1,090 N/A 4 1,094 1,035 N/A 28 1,063 Perak 1, N/A 1, N/A 1,331 Perlis Sabah Sarawak N/A ,049 Selangor 3, N/A 4,067 4, N/A 4,158 Terengganu 571 N/A N/A N/A 614 MALAYSIA 12,398 2, ,671 12,620 2, ,098 Notes: Selangor includes FT KL & Putrajaya Source of data : The MWIG

19 Water Treatment Plant Design Capacity & Production State No. of Operational Treatment Plants Treatment Plants Design Capacity st Quarter 2011 Total Production Production Reserve Margin Design Capacity /Available Supply Total Production Notes: Selangor includes FT KL & Putrajaya * Total design capacity for WTPs operated by Johor water operators is 1,620MLD and WTPs operated by PUB Johor Waterworks is 159MLD Source of data (year 2010) : The MWIG 2011 Source of data (1 st quarter 2011): Water operators Production Reserve Margin [MLD] [%] [MLD] [%] Johor 42 1,779* 1, ,779* 1, Kedah 33 1,261 1, ,261 1, Kelantan Labuan Melaka N. Sembilan Pulau Pinang 10 1,273 /1, ,273 /1, Pahang 76 1, , Perak 46 1,726 1, ,726 1, Perlis Sabah 51 1, ,107 N/A N/A Sarawak 84 1,279 1, ,279 N/A N/A Selangor 33 4,476/ 4,326 4, ,476/ 4,326 4, Terengganu PENISULAR MALAYSIA ,129 12, ,170 12, MALAYSIA ,575 14, ,661 N/A N/A 19

20 Supply & Demand Projection Preamble The water supply & demand projections and the listed source/infrastructure works for all the states are based on the information/data contained in the following documents: i.the Review of the National Water Resources Study (NWRS) ii.3 Year and 30 Year Business Plan (BP) submitted by the water operators iii.continued water supply projects from RM Ke 9 intormke 10 iv. Approved water supply projects in RM Ke 10 and proposed projects in RM Ke 10 Rolling Plan 2 v.the Malaysia Water Industry Guide (MWIG)

21 Water Demand Projection Criteria General criteria for water demand projection adopted in the NWRS Report include: i.population Growth ii.per Capita Consumption (PCC) iii.water Demand for: Domestic Industrial Commercial Institutional iv. Non Revenue Water (NRW) v. Service Factor 21

22 Population Projections Median Growth in 000 ppl State Year Population Projections in 000 ppl Johor 3,458 3,802 4,117 4,533 4,879 5,140 Kedah 2,043 2,251 2,440 2,695 2,906 3,065 Kelantan 1,677 1,899 2,104 2,427 2,686 2,901 Melaka ,008 1,078 1,129 Negeri Sembilan 1,032 1,116 1,190 1,274 1,348 1,399 Pahang 1,573 1,727 1,867 2,050 2,203 2,317 Perak 2,441 2,634 2,810 3,004 3,177 3,294 Perlis Pulau Pinang 1,609 1,732 1,841 1,958 2,064 2,133 Selangor 6,970 7,486 7,951 8,443 8,896 9,195 Terengganu 1,149 1,302 1,445 1,672 1,854 2,006 Sabah 3,267 3,600 3,874 4,400 4,719 4,958 Sarawak 2,660 2,905 3,127 3,505 3,839 4,117 FT Labuan Peninsular Malaysia 22,983 25,077 26,981 29,383 31,434 32,940 East Malaysia 6,015 6,600 7,102 8,015 8,673 9,193 Malaysia 28,998 31,677 34,083 37,398 40,107 42,133 Notes: Selangor includes FT KL & Putrajaya Source of data: The Review of the NWRS

23 Population Projections Median Growth in % State Year 2010 to 2015 Notes: Selangor includes FT KL & Putrajaya Source of data: The Review of the NWRS Annual Average Growth Rate in % 2015 to to to to 2050 Average (2010 to 2050) Johor Kedah Kelantan Melaka Negeri Sembilan Pahang Perak Perlis Pulau Pinang Selangor Terengganu Sabah Sarawak FT Labuan Peninsular Malaysia East Malaysia Malaysia

24 Planning Demand Projections Year 2015 & ,000 6,000 Actual Water Demand 2010 Planning Demand 2015 Planning Demand ,000 MLD 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 FT Labuan Perlis K'tan Melaka N. S'lan T'ganu Pahang P. Pinang Perak S'wak Sabah Kedah Johor S'gor Actual Water Demand ,080 1, ,198 1,476 4,063 Planning Demand ,110 1,224 1,301 1,554 1,558 1,596 1,885 4,901 Planning Demand ,165 1,265 1,470 1,567 2,250 2,034 1,835 2,310 5,875 Notes: Selangor includes FT KL & Putrajaya Source of data for planning demand projection: The Review of the NWRS Source of data for actual water demand 2010: The MWIG

25 Reserve/Shortfall Margin For Planning Demand (1 st Quarter 2011) Shortfall Margin (%) Reserve Margin (%) 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 10.0% 20.0% K'tan New works required (10 states) Kedah K'tan Kedah S'gor N. S'lan S'gor N. S'lan P. Pinang Melaka P. Pinang Forward planning works required (1 state) Sabah Pahang Melaka Pahang Sabah Johor S'wak T'ganu Perlis Perak FT Labuan Planning Demand 8.6% 6.7% 3.6% 0.3% 0.9% 0.9% 4.9% 7.5% 9.0% 9.3% 26.3% 24.7% 30.2% 42.3% 25 Johor S'wak Comfortable margin until 2020 (3 states) T'ganu Perlis FT Labuan Perak

SEMBILAN MELAKA JOHOR New works are required from 2011 to 2015 (10 states)

26 Overview of Water Sustainability in Malaysia PERLIS KEDAH LABUAN SABAH P. PINANG PERAK KELANTAN TERENGGANU PAHANG SARAWAK SELANGOR N. SEMBILAN MELAKA JOHOR New works are required from 2011 to 2015 (10 states) Forward planning works are required from 2016 to 2020 (1 state) Comfortable margin until 2020 (3 states) 26

27 Approved CAPEX for New Works Under RM Ke 10 (FRP & SRP) CAPEX for Continuation Projects State Raw Water New/ Upgrading Transfer Scheme Dam New Water Supply Scheme Projects WTP Upgrading/ Refurbishment New Distribution NRW Programme/ Pipe Replacement Total No. of Projects FRP SRP FRP SRP FRP SRP FRP SRP FRP SRP FRP SRP FRP SRP Kedah Selangor FT Labuan Sabah Sarawak Kelantan Johor 3 3 Pulau Pinang Melaka Negeri Sembilan Terengganu Pahang Perak Perlis Total

28 Reserve/Shortfall Margin in Year 2015 With New Source/Infrastructure Works State Available Supply [MLD] Actual Demand Projection Planning Demand Projection Sustainability of Supply With New Reserve/Shortfall* Reserve/Shortfall* [MLD] [MLD] Source/ Margin [%] Margin [%] Infrastructure Works Sabah 1,282 1, * 1, * Sarawak 1,319 1, * 1, * Kedah 1,506 1, , * Pulau Pinang 1,295 1, , (1Q) Melaka (4Q) Johor 2,126 1, , (4Q) Selangor 5,776 4, , (2Q) Kelantan (2Q) Negeri Sembilan 1, Terengganu 1, Perlis Perak 1,809 1, , Pahang 1,794 1, , FT Labuan New works are required Forward planning works are required Notes: Selangor includes FT KL & Putrajaya 28

29 Reserve/Shortfall Margin in Year 2020 With New Source/Infrastructure Works Actual Demand Projection Planning Demand Projection Available Supply State [MLD] Reserve/Shortfall Reserve/Shortfall* [MLD] [MLD] * Margin [%] Margin [%] Sarawak 1,319 1, * 2, * Sabah 1,282 1, * 2, * Kedah 1,531 1, , * Pulau Pinang 1,420 1, , * Kelantan * Johor 2,317 1, , Negeri Sembilan 1, Melaka Perak 1,809 1, , Selangor 6,906 4, , Perlis Terengganu 1, , FT Labuan Pahang 1,824 1, , Notes: Selangor includes FT KL & Putrajaya New works are required Forward planning works are required 29

30 Reserve/ Shortfall Margin in Year 2015 With New Source/ Infrastructure Works Shortfall Margin (%) Reserve Margin (%) 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% Sabah Actual Demand Planning Demand New works required (5 states) S'wak Kedah K'tan Sabah S'wak Kedah K'tan P. Pinang Melaka Johor S'gor P. Pinang N. S'lan T'ganu Perlis FT Labuan Pahang Perak Forward planning works required (8 states) Melaka Johor S'gor N. S'lan T'ganu Perlis Perak Pahang FT Labuan Actual Demand 10.5% 7.1% 3.7% 11.9% 14.1% 18.5% 19.4% 22.9% 25.3% 30.0% 34.0% 34.6% 43.8% 44.2% Planning Demand 21.5% 17.8% 6.0% 3.2% 5.5% 10.4% 11.3% 15.2% 17.8% 23.0% 27.3% 28.1% 38.1% 38.7% 30

31 NRW ACHIEVEMENT (2011) STATES NRW % (Jan-Jun 2012) 1 Johor Kedah Kelantan Labuan Melaka Negeri Sembilan Pulau Pinang Pahang Perak Perlis Sabah* N/A 12 Sarawak* N/A 13 Selangor Terengganu Average For Malaysia N/A Average for Peninsular Malaysia and Labuan

32 NRW ACHIEVEMENT (2012) STATE Q1 Q2 (JAN MAC) (APR JUN) % ('000 m 3 ) ('000 m 3 ) Production Consumption % NRW Production Consu mption NRW Johor ,107 98,800 39, , ,601 39, Kedah ,107 57,116 52, ,366 62,885 55, Kelantan ,935 16,320 20, ,499 17,325 19, Melaka ,279 31,988 10, ,615 33,048 9, Negeri Sembilan ,437 38,642 26, ,339 39,375 26, Pahang ,922 45,457 47, ,984 45,978 51, Perak ,512 71,933 32, ,880 73,248 31, Perlis ,081 6,731 10, ,351 5,964 12, Pulau Pinang ,896 72,478 15, ,549 72,777 14, Selangor , , , , , , Labuan ,987 4, ,720 4, Terengganu 37 55,057 34,756 20, ,433 33,858 21, TOTAL ,140, , , ,164, , , % 33

33 NRW ACHIEVEMENT (2012) Cont STATE 2011 Production ('000 m 3 ) 2012 Q3 (JUL SEP) NRW % Production ('000 m 3 ) Consumption Consumption 2012 (JAN SEP) Johor , ,280 40, , , , Kedah ,376 59,546 59, , , , Kelantan ,959 17,444 19, ,393 51,089 59, Melaka ,416 34,042 10, ,310 99,078 30, Negeri Sembilan ,968 40,370 27, , ,387 81, Pahang ,043 45,182 55, , , , Perak ,980 75,346 33, , ,527 97, Perlis ,282 6,078 13, ,713 18,773 35, Pulau Pinang ,219 72,840 15, , ,095 45, Selangor , , , ,175, , , Labuan ,561 4,297 1, ,268 12,484 2, Terengganu ,406 36,595 21, , ,209 63, TOTAL ,192, , , ,496,650 2,252,597 1,244, NRW % 34

34 Water Treatment Plant Design Capacity & Production State No. of Operational Treatment Plants Treatment Plants Design Capacity Total Production Production Reserve Margin [MLD] [%] No. of Operational Treatment Plants Treatment Plants Design Capacity Total Production Production Reserve Margin [MLD] [%] Johor 42 1,604 1, ,612 1, Kedah 32 1,185 1, ,185 1,173 1 Kelantan Labuan Melaka N. Sembilan Pulau Pinang 10 1, , Pahang 77 1, , Perak 45 1,413 1, ,726 1, Perlis Sabah , Sarawak 83 1, ,202 1, Selangor 33 4,483 3, ,476 3, Terengganu PENINSULAR MALAYSIA MALAYSIA ,891 13, ,403 13, Remarks: Selangor includes FT KL & Putrajaya Source of data: The MWIG

35 Summary In 1 st Quarter states are having comfortable high reserve margin for the planning demand and not requiring any new major source or infrastructure works until year 2020: o Perlis (24.7%) o FT Labuan (42.3%) o Perak (30.2%) Although Terengganu state is having comfortable reserve margin for the planning demand of 26.3%, it requires new source and infrastructure works in order to meet the projected high demand growth 36

36 Summary 10 states are having either shortfall margin or reserve margin less than 10% for the planning demand and require new works to be implemented in year 2011 to 2015 in order to meet the future demand up to year 2015 except Pahang o Kelantan ( 8.6%) o Melaka (0.9%) o Kedah ( 6.7%) o Pahang (4.9%) o Selangor ( 3.6%) o Sabah (7.5%) o Negeri Sembilan ( 0.3%) o Johor (9.0%) o Pulau Pinang (0.9%) o Sarawak (9.3%) Although the reserve margin of Pahang is only 4.9%, the existing available supply is able to meet the demand up to year 2018 due to the lower demand growth therefore only forward planning works are required to meet the demand beyond year

37 Summary With the timely implementation of proposed new source or infrastructure works under RM Ke 9 & 10 and Business Plan: In Year Only 4 states are having either shortfall margin or reserve margin less than 10% for the planning demand i.e. unable or with limited capacity to meet the planning demand: osabah ( 21.5%) osarawak ( 17.8%) In Year Only 5 states are having shortfall margin for the planning demand i.e. unable to meet the planning demand: osarawak ( 70.6%) osabah ( 58.7%) okedah ( 19.9%) o Kedah ( 6.0%) o Pulau Pinang (5.5%) o Pulau Pinang ( 3.5%) o Kelantan ( 1.5%) Sabah and Sarawak are having high shortfall margin due to the nonavailability of the information on the proposed source or infrastructure works beyond year

38 Summary States that are unable or with limited supply capacity to meet planning demand after implementation of new source or infrastructure works approved under RM Ke 10 or Business Plan by water operators, are Sabah, Sarawak, Kedah, Pulau Pinang and Kelantan The shortfall and deficit of supply can be overcome by implementing some potential and feasible projects as proposed in the review of the NWRS Appropriate actions, timely reviews and implementation of new source and infrastructure works from year 2011 to 2020 are required to ensure a sufficient available supply and a comfortable reserve margin to meet the planning demand and to assure a long term sustainability of water supply 39

39 Conclusion SUCCESS OF REFORM HINGES ON: 1. Effective collaboration amongst stakeholders particularly Federal and State Agencies to protect raw water resources; 2. Clear and consistent Government policies; 3. Independent and effective Regulator; 4. Strong commitment to drive efficiency and effectiveness on the part of service providers and 5. Effective consumers participation to provide objective feedbacks on service delivery. 40

40 TERIMA KASIH 41

-2SD +2SD -3SD -2SD -3SD -2SD

-2SD +2SD -3SD -2SD -3SD -2SD Local 1980 RURAL 0. -5.99 462 0.2 4.7 1.3 14.1 43.9 3.9 37.0 Poor rural kampungs 00322 RURAL 0. -0.99 73 1.4 2.7 8.2 6.9 26.0 0.0 13.7 Poor rural kampungs RURAL 1 94 0.0 6.4 0.0 12.8 37.2 1.1 33.0 Poor