Battle Management: Interoperability for Command and Control, Simulation & Geospatial Services. 16 Oct 2007

Transcription

1 Battle Management: Interoperability for Command and Control, Simulation & Geospatial Services 16 Oct 2007 Mr. Stuart Whitehead, SES Executive Director USJFCOM Joint Capability Development Directorate (J8) Outline Command and Control Capabilities Integration JC2 Capability Portfolio Management Summary 2

2 Command and Control The exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission. Command and control functions are performed through an arrangement of personnel, equipment, communications, facilities, and procedures employed by a commander in planning, directing, coordinating, and controlling forces and operations in the accomplishment of the mission. (Joint Pub 1-02) 3 Origin of US Command and Control Battle of Princeton George Washington on horseback during the Battle of Princeton. Photograph of painting by John Trumbull from Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress. Springfield, Mass.: Taber- Prang Art Co., c1900. Reproduction #: (b&w) LC-USZ

3 Dw Dwf D,plk F The Civil War Staff General George G. Meade and staff in Washington, D.C. in June ADAMS ALOG AMP CAMPS CFAST COMPASS DARWIN DCAPES GCCS-A GTN FOCUS ICIS JFAST JRAMS MAGTF II LOGCAT/BCAT MAT SMS TAG TCAIMS II WHQ AFIWC AF Weather ASAS MIDB NGA 5D NGA IPL WinJMEM Raindrop TBMCS UAV GCS AMHS C2PC DCTS DMS DNS Empire GPS Print Services USN Observatory Today s Technical Reality Force Planning Intelligence DVT JOPES ACOA JFRG II GRIS I3 Force Sustainment GCSS C2 WebCOP Alerts Infra-structure SORTS GSORTS COP Force Readiness Situational Awareness Tightly coupled technical interfaces with imprisoned data Not flexible or agile enough to keep pace with the evolving environment AFSORT DET ASORTS CFAST DARWIN DMS DMDC DRRS FEDB FEDMTC GCCS-A GOMERS JADE JFAST JRAMS READI TRMS AFSATCOM/TIBS ADSI Coalition C2 ETMS EPLRS FNMOC Gale Lite GCCS-A GCCS-M GDSS Grenadier Brat GTN IAS JSTARS Lateral Tell Link 11/16 NATO ICC NATO JOIIS NNSOC NRTD QTRACS SBMCS SDDC - TEA TBMCS TDDS 6

4 Command and Control Organic Design The key is to obscure your intentions and make them unpredictable to your opponent while you simultaneously clarify his intentions. That is, operate at a faster tempo to generate rapidly changing conditions that inhibit your opponent from adapting or reacting to those changes and that suppress or destroy his awareness. Thus, a hodgepodge of confusion and disorder occur to cause him to over- or under-react to conditions or activities that appear to be uncertain, ambiguous, or incomprehensible. Harry Hillaker, "John Boyd, USAF Retired, Father of the F16" 7 Interaction and Integration You think because you understand one that you also understand two because one and one equals two, but you must also understand and. Ancient Sufi Text 8

5 Interaction and Change It is said that if you know your enemies and know yourself, you will not be imperiled in a hundred battles Sun Tzu 9 Outline Command and Control Capabilities Integration JC2 Capability Portfolio Management Summary 10

6 Capability Pedigree and Taxonomy Capabilities (JCAs) UJTLs Tasks System Functions Tier I C2 JIC / JCD AUTLs, MCTL, NTTL, AFTL COCOM Issues X.X X.X.X X.X.X.X X.X.X.X.X 986 CJCSM D Operational Activities Operational 290 Tasks Operational Subtasks 16,000 CJCSM A Future Tasks C2 JCD Joint System Functions 653 USN USMC USA USAF NCES Misc JBM CSFL Key Warfighting Relationships C2 - Integrative function in support of decision making C2 M&S Analysis, Preparation, Assessment GEO Situational Awareness backdrop with some manipulation capability M&S GEO 12

7 BML and Command and Control Capability: - Course of Action Analysis C2 - Enroute Mission Rehearsal - Environmental Tailoring - Execution Feedback M&S GEO Transition to a program of record(s)? 13 The C2 and Network Symbiotic Relationship Network Support - IP Addresses Force Structure Non-Functional Requirements: - Security - Initialization - Disconnected Operations etc M&S C2 GEO 14

8 Outline Command and Control Capabilities Integration JC2 Capability Portfolio Management Summary 15 Transforming a Joint Force? This is how DoD fights Interdependent Integrated Coordinated Deconflicted This is how DoD provides Capability 16

9 Joint Architecture Mapping C2 Systems BBCCOEs* (Nodes) Billets Systems Future Needs Integrated View (IV) Must be capable of demonstrating how one area is effected / mapped to each of it s parts based on authorative data sources. IERs Info Exchange Requests Networks TAF Tasks, Activities, Functions IVs: Help Manage And Visualize Complexity Harnessing the complexity of a Joint Enterprise that encompasses Service Enterprise, Multinational and Interagency requirements * Boards, Bureaus, Centers, Cells, Offices, and Elements 17 Joint Integrated View Moving from Flat Files To Joint Integrated Architecture Views 18

10 Joint Command & Control Exercise Establish/Adapt Emplo y Shared Commun icate Operation al Synchron ize Monitor Exe cuti on, Leverag e Command C ommand Structure & Situation al Command er s Pl annin g Execution Across Assess Effects & Mission Lead ership Enabl e both Glo bal & Awaren ess a nd Inte nt & G ui dance All Domains Adapt Op erations Partners Reg iona l C olla boration Un derstandi ng Establish/ Organi ze Staff Access/Share Incorp orate Strategi c Develop/Analyze/ Enabl e Se lf - Assess Communi cate Promul gate R OE s to align w/ Mission Info on Adversary/ Mi ssi on & G uid ance Selec t COAs Synchroni zati on Compli ance w/ MSN O bject ives, Neutral/ Into of Subo rdina te CDR s Intent Rationale, intentions Set Priorities Refine JTF Non combatants C omman der s In te nt De vel op Joint/ Fo rc es & support/acti on Guidance & C omp onen t Org & Coali ti on Assess Standards Inte grate Capab ilitie s Achi evement of Access/Share Con duct Missi on Campaig n Pl an C oordin ate w/msn Syn ch Opera tio ns Plan ned Effects Bl ue Force An alysis Partners to Gain Cul ti vate Refin e C ommand D eve lop Plans Si tua ti onal w/msn partners Rela ti onships Rel ati onship s ID/Assess Actionable Commitment Across Full Awarene ss Develop /Promu lgate & other agenc ies w/msn ROMO Imp lications of Ini tia l CD Rs Part ne rs Establish/Identify Access/Integrate Sync h Execution U npla nned Effects Inten t/guidan ce C ollab oration Geospatial Info Assess Plan Between/Across Mana ge Risk Up date as Re qd Ad apt Operation s Mechanisms Effectiven ess: Phases Reac h -b ac k for Prepa re for To Chan ging Develop Strategy D irect Acti on SME Execution Vali date Targ ets Si tua ti ons Through Missi on Determine Type Orders Display tailored, Achievem ent Relevant SA info of Desi red Ob jective, -UDOP - End -State, or Ph ase Points Supports Sys Function Functions Functions Establish/Operate the Joint Targeting Coordination Board Establish/Operate the Joint Targeting Coordination Board Utilizes Monitor Operations Monitor Operations Develop Legal Estimate System Develop Legal Estimate Control Legal service support Control Legal service support JTF HQ Systems/Applications Acquire and Communicate Operational Level Information Acquire and Communicate Operational Level Information C2PC Develop the Operations Estimate Land Estimate Develop the Operations Estimate Land Estimate GCCS-J Develop the Operations Estimate Air Operations Develop the Operations Estimate Air Operations GCCS-I3 Develop the Operations Estimate Maritime Operations Develop the Operations Estimate Maritime Operations JADOCS Develop the Operations Estimate Special Operations Develop the Operations Estimate Special Operations AFATDS Develop the Operations Estimate Joint Fires and Develop the Operations Estimate Joint Fires and CDET Targeting Targeting TBMCS-R Develop the Operations Estimate Information Develop the Operations Estimate Information TV News Network Feed Operations Operations Centrix Assess Operations Assess Operations SIPRNET Control Land operations Control Land operations NIPRNET Performs Control Air Operations Task Control Air Operations STU III/KY-58 Control Maritime Operations OP 3.1 Conduct Joint Control Maritime Operations DMS OP 3.1 Conduct Joint Control Airspace Force Targeting * Control Airspace Collaborative Tools Force Targeting * Control Joint Fire Support Control Joint Fire Support Control Information Operations Control Information Operations * One of 19 Op level tasks for this Tier 3 JCA <<i/o entity>> StrikeSpiral1Response Current and Future Location Movement Direction and Speed As s et Current and Future Tasks Type ObjectItems have a current postion and any number of planned positions. Other types of characterizations of position may be required in future iterations. ObjectType is of GeographicPosition accuracy name bearing ObjectItem datetime Alias is at also known as inclination affiliation name name 0..n 1..n pedigree source planned 0..n 1 precision reference system Task speed description +tasked Organization Equipment 0..n name defined by 0..n notearlierthantime 0..n notlaterthantime 1 +location planned 0..n Geometry projectedendtime projectedstarttime Flight Pa ckage tasktype 1 associated Point Ar ea Domain Va lue s R equi re d: Tasks include latitude 2..n Task/Mission Type "UNCOMMITED", "ON CALL", longitude verticaldistance Object T yp e... defined by If TASK is an AirOps mission then it must have at le ast one task. Universal Core C2 Data Framework Process Inputs include Business Processes, Data Requirements, Scenarios, Context, Workflow, Info Exchange Requirements, etc. C2 Data Framework Entry into framework presumes an operational data sharing problem. Data Sharing Products IEPD Selection Web Service XSD Etc. Data Context (Taxonomy & Ontology) Data Quality Tagging for: Timeliness Accuracy Precision Ownership Standards & Best Practices Data Description Products: Models Schemas Exit is a Net Centric Solution that can be tested against the FDCE & MDR JC2 Namespace criteria. Reusable Components Universal & Common Cores Log Common Core C2 Common Core EIE Common Core ISR Common Core (Implied Infrastructure requirement) Business Common Core 19 Outline Command and Control Capabilities Integration JC2 Capability Portfolio Management Summary 20

11 Exercise Command Leadership Establish/Adapt Command Structure & Enable both Global & Regional Collaboration Establish/ Organize Staff Promulgate ROE s to align w/ Mission Set Priorities Refine JTF Guidance & Component Org & Standards Integrate Capabilities Cultivate Relationships Refine Command w/msn Relationships Partners Establish/Identify Collaboration Manage Risk Mechanisms Develop Strategy Employ Shared Situational Awareness and Understanding Access/Share Blue Force Situational Awareness Access/ Integrate Geospatial Info Reach-back for SME Display tailored, Relevant SA info -UDOP- Communicate Commander s Intent & Guidance Access/Share Incorporate Strategic Info on Adversary/ Mission & Guidance Neutral/ Into Non-combatants Commander s Intent Conduct Mission Analysis Develop/ Promulgate Initial CDRs Intent/Guidance Update as Reqd Direct Action Through Mission Type Orders Joint C2 Operational Planning Develop/ Analyze/ Select COAs Develop Joint/ Coalition Campaign Plan Develop Plans Across Full ROMO Assess Plan Effectiveness: Prepare for Execution Synchronize Execution Across All Domains Monitor Execution, Assess Effects & Adapt Operations Assess Compliance w/ Enable Self- CDR s Intent Synchronization of Subordinate Forces Assess Achievement of Planned Effects Synch Operations w/msn partners & other agencies ID/Assess Implications of Unplanned Effects Synch Execution Between/Across Phases Adapt Operations To Changing Situations Validate Targets Determine Achievement of Desired Objective, End-State, or Phase Points Leverage Mission Partners Communicate MSN Objectives, Rationale, intentions & support/action Coordinate w/msn Partners to Gain Actionable Commitment Capability Portfolio Management Mandate MISSION: Establish capability portfolio management, responding to Department leadership, that delivers integrated joint C2 capabilities, improves interoperability, identifies and captures efficiencies, reduces capability redundancies and gaps, and increases joint operational effectiveness. CPM Objectives Advocate Warfighter operational requirements Provide authoritative Joint C2 direction: Common data lexicon and strategy Defined joint architectures Interoperability standards Promote teamwork - leverage C/S/A expertise and insight Promote cross-program, enterprise-wide analysis for Joint C2 Establish and use a persistent test and evaluation environment Identify issues, frame choices, and sustain creative tension to inform senior leader decisions 21 Capability Portfolio Management Engine JOINT WARFIGHTER Assigned Mission JTF HQ CAPABILITY MAPPING Strategic Objectives Provide relevant information to decision makers Provide warfighters shared situational awareness and understanding Provide coalition forces, subordinate units and mission partners access to timely, relevant, accurate, and actionable information Provide a common, standard lexicon among DOD, non-dod agencies and allied/coalition members Provide the means for commanders to promulgate accurate and timely intent SERVICES Programmatic Data & Details JC2 Interest Programs & Initiatives Joint Tasks UJTLs X.X X.X.X X.X.X.X X.X.X.X.X Service Tasks AUTLs MCTL NTTL AFTL Operational Activities / Tasks / Sub-tasks JC2 Enterprise Capability Mix 22

12 Capability Decomposition Capabilities (JCAs) UJTLs Tasks System Functions Systems Tier I C2 JIC / JCD AUTLs, MCTL, NTTL, AFTL COCOM Issues X.X X.X.X X.X.X.X X.X.X.X.X 986 CJCSM D Operational Activities Operational 290 Tasks Operational Subtasks 16,000 CJCSM A Future Tasks C2 JCD Joint System Functions 653 USN USMC USA USAF NCES Misc JBM CSFL 0.4 JC2 Portfolio PR 09 FIT (54) Best of Breed (96) PA&E C2 (44) Leadership -directed C2 functions mapped Mapping systems to system functions permits system analysis in terms of Joint capabilities Key to success is the JBM CSFL, which translates Service functions to Joint functions Engaging with Services to validate mapping performed in-house at JSIC Some flux in systems lists as we get smarter system-of-system issues, TS systems Legend APOM 09 Focus POM 10 Focus Out-year Focus 23 Mapping Visualizations Expanding our use of hyperbolic tree good general analysis tool, easy to share Includes UJTLs, system info Will eventually inform the Registry Systems Functions UJTLs Tier I Tier II Tier III 24

13 Provide relevant information to decision makers Provide warfighters shared situational awareness and understanding Provide coalition forces, subordinate units and mission partners access to timely, relevant, accurate, and actionable information Provide a common, standard lexicon among DOD, non-dod agencies and allied/coalition members Provide the means for commanders to promulgate accurate and timely intent Joint C2 Exercise Establish/Adapt Employ Shared Communicate Operational Sy nc hr onize Moni tor E xec ution, Lever age Command Command Structure & Situational Commander s Planning Execution Across Assess Effects & Mission Leadership Enable both Global & Awareness and Intent & Guidance All Domains Adapt Operations Partners Regional Collaboration Understanding JC2 Enterprise Establish/ Or gani ze Staff Access/Share Incor porate S trategi c Develop/ Assess Communicate Promulgate ROE s to ali gn w/ Mis sion Info on Ad versary/ Mission & Guidanc e Analyze/ Compliance w/ MS N Objectives, Neutral/ Into Select COAs Enable Self- CDR s Intent Rationale, intentions Non-combatants Comm ander s Intent Synchronization & support/ac ti on Set Priorities Refine JTF Develop Joint/ of Subordinate Guidance & Component Org & Coalition Fo rc es Assess Standards Integrate Capabilities Campaign Plan Ac hi evement of Access/Share Conduct Mission Planned Effects Coor di nate w/m SN Blue Force Analysis Synch Oper ations Partner s to Gain Cultivate Situational Develop Plans w/ms N partners Actionable Relationships Refine Command Awareness Ac ross Full & other agenci es ID/Ass ess Commitment w/m SN Relationships Develop/ ROMO Implications of Par tner s Promulgate Unplanned Effects Establish/Identify Ac cess/ Initial CDRs Synch Execution Coll aboration Integrate Intent/Guidance Assess Plan Between/Across Mechanisms Geospatial Info Manage Ri sk Update as Reqd Effectiveness: Phas es Adapt Operations P repar e for To Changing Reach-back for E xec uti on Situations Develop Strategy SME Direct Action Validate Targets Through Mi ss ion Ty pe Orders Determine Display tailored, Achievement Relevant SA info of Desired Objective, -UDOP- End- State, or Phase Points Net- Enabled Command Capability ( NECC ) Increment I Increment 1: 79 Capabilities Capability Definition Packages (CDPs) Shared Situ ational Aw areness Shared Situational Awareness Force Readiness CDP # 1 : 13 Capabilities CDP # 5 : 3 Capabilities CDP # 14 : Registeri ng Uni ts Blue Force Location: Auto T rack Customized COP Force Projection Blue Force Location: Other Data Source Multi-target Database CDP # 15 : 3 Capabilities Blue Force Location: ISR Sensors ID and Acess Ampli fying Data Unit Deployment Unit Aggregation / De-Aggregation CDP # 6 : Common Tacti cal Picture Depl oyment Data Friendly Force Descri ption Fo rce Projection Transportation Needs Non-NECC Equipped Forces CDP # 7 : Planning - Course of Action CDP # 16 : 2 Capabilities Joint Force Synchronization CDP # 8 : Planning - Crisi s Action In-Transi t Visibility Proj ected Locati on / Coverage Intelligence COP Logistics Display Red / G ray / Unknown I SR A ssets CDP # 9 : 2 Capabilities CDP # 17 : Continuous Asset Visibility Joint Focus Red/Gray/Unknown Force Tracking Link collection requirements / ISR Assets CDP # 18 : Conduct AP / E P Historical Location Collection Management Pubs / Directives CDP # 19 : 3 Capabilities Color Mapping Force Readiness Force / Logistic Selection T rack Refresh CDP # 10 : 6 Capabilities Force / Logistic Needs CDP # 2 : 7 Capabili ties Force Structure Command Relationships Coordi nate Conversi on Force Capabili ty ID CDP # 20 : 5 Capabilities Record / Playback GFM Strategic Guidance Orders Display Urgent Info Force Availability Checklists Fi lter Display Force Location Shared Data Customize Symbol ogy Force Apportionment Work Flow Overlay G eneration & Display CDP # 11 : 3 Capabilities Automati c Notificati on METOC Total Force Analysis CDP # 21 : Crisi s Action Conti ngency Plan:IAMD CDP # 3 : 3 Capabilties Singl e / Multiple TPFDD Shared Situatio nal Awareness Display Moving Targets Historical Trend / Analysis CDP # 22 : Joint Force Vis Projected Location COP on the Move CDP # 12 : 3 Capabilities CDP # 23: Training / 5 Capabilities Global CO P parti al requi rements Force Readiness CDP # 24: Info Mgt / 4 Cap ab ilities Readiness Reporting Updates Cross Fu nctional Services CDPs / 7 Capabilities CDP # 4 : Map Displays Readiness Information Collaboration CDP # 13 : Force Identification Relevant Dat a Exc hange C2 Gaps/Attributes Prioritization & Weighting Provide Mission Access To Standard Accurate & Total Overall Perform Timely C2 Improve Partners Info/Improved Lexicon Among Timely Rank & Accurate Prioritized Collaborativ &Subordinate Timely, Interoperability DOD, Commander Mission Gaps e Planning Relevant, Accurate & X-Domains Interagencies & s Intent Analysis Actionable Info Allied/Coalition Attributes Accessibility Accuracy Coherence Completeness Foresight Interoperability 5 Relevanc e Timeliness Understanding Total Attribute - Gap relationship drives JCA Tier 3 prioritization 24 Persistent Engagement Persistent Engagement and Assessment and Assessment JC2 Scorecard Questionnaire Indicator of fitness; not a final answer Also tracks confidence in reliability of data Online NOW Need SMEs to score systems Systems, criteria, effects, and values are purely notional 25 Draft PR 09 Focus Area Recommendations Strategic Objectives Capability Mix Capability Increments Quantitative Capability Increments Force Projection Shared Situational Awareness Intelligence Force Readiness Adaptive Planning NCES / Collaboration Balancing the Portfolio Technical Warfighting Warfighting Demand Demand Operational Focus Integration Focus Integration Team Team (FIT) (FIT) Balanced Balanced Portfolio Portfolio Programmatic Balanced portfolio through Persistent analysis and capability to system mapping Programmatic Data & Details JC2 Programs of Interest Capability Mapping Visualization Blue Force Tracking example 4 Fit Cells issues merged into NECC (1 CP) Joint Execution Mission Management Common Operational Picture Effects Based Approach to Operations Force Readiness 5 Stand-alone Machine Foreign Language Translation Integrated Fires/Blue Force Tracking Patriot Lethal Interrogation Phase-out redundant BFT devices (2) BFT data security type 1 MTS encryption Fence BTID funding Joint Data Handler for MCS and JTCW interoperability Common Tactical Picture JICO Support System (data link management) Collaborative Information Environment Deployable Command and Control System Function Subtask Task Tier 3 Tier 2 Tier 1 *Hyperbolic Tree Visualization was discovered/utilized by JSIC 1 Proposed areas for SPG POM 10 Language Integrated Fires/Blue Force Tracking Joint Digital Data Exchange for Close Air Support Common Tactical Picture Link 16 enhancements Cross Domain Solutions Adaptive Planning (NECC) 26

14 Outline Command and Control Capabilities Integration JC2 Capability Portfolio Management Summary 27 Summary Integration is not well supported by JCIDS or our institutional processes. The key to future capability rests with clearly articulated implementation specifications of thoughtfully managed data standards. Command and Control has a symbiotic relationship with the Network and a partnership with simulations and geospatial data. 28

15 Teamwork Begins with Capability Definition Questions? 29