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2 PREFACE Cuyahoga County The Cuyahoga County Office of Emergency Management (OEM) conducted its Multi- Year and Exercise Plan Workshop (TEPW) on June 21, 2012, in conjunction with the Ohio Emergency Management Agency (OEMA) and has since produced this Multi-Year and Exercise Plan (TEP). The Cuyahoga County Multi-Year TEP is the roadmap for Cuyahoga County to accomplish the priorities captured in the TEPW surveys from the participating agencies. Cuyahoga County has pursued a coordinated homeland security strategy that combines building strengths, identifying specific areas for improvement, and identifying training and exercises to strengthen the county s emergency prevention and regional response capabilities. and exercises play a crucial role in this strategy, providing the county with a means of attaining, practicing, validating, and improving new capabilities. Cuyahoga County Office of Emergency Management (OEM) Mission Statement In accordance with the Emergency Operations Plan of Cuyahoga County, our mission is to protect lives, property, the environment, and the economy. We shall work to assist the emergency operations of our governmental services to help our citizens to prevent, prepare for, respond to, recover from, and mitigate the effects of major events and crisis situations. We are committed to communicating, coordinating, and collaborating with our local, State, Federal, and other stakeholders and partners to ensure the safety and meet the needs and expectations of the citizens we serve. Cuyahoga County iii Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

3 POINTS OF CONTACT (POCS) Cuyahoga County Cuyahoga County / Exercise Point of Contacts (POCs): Kevin Sur Program Officer 4 Cuyahoga County Office of Emergency Management 310 W. Lakeside Avenue, Suite 795-A Cleveland, OH (office) Serena Steele Program Officer 2 Cuyahoga County Office of Emergency Management 310 W. Lakeside Avenue, Suite 795-A Cleveland, OH (office) Tara Vargovich Program Officer 2 Cuyahoga County Office of Emergency Management 310 W. Lakeside Avenue, Suite 795-A Cleveland, OH (office) State of Ohio Exercise Program Manager: Darren Price, MEP Exercise Program Manager Ohio Emergency Management Agency 2855 West Dublin-Granville Road Columbus, OH (office) (fax) deprice@dps.state.oh.us Ohio Exercise Support Team: Jennifer Schmidt Program Analyst c/o Ohio Emergency Management Agency 2855 West Dublin-Granville Road Columbus, OH (office) jennifer.schmidt@engilitycorp.com Cuyahoga County iv Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

4 CONTENTS Cuyahoga County Preface... iii Points of Contact (POCs)... iv Purpose... 1 After Action Report (AAR) Evaluation and Analysis... 2 INTRODUCTION... 2 Approach... 2 Analysis... 3 Results... 4 Program Priorities... 5 I. Citizen Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place... 6 II. Communications... 7 III. Community Preparedness and Participation... 8 IV. Emergency Public Safety and Security... 9 V. Fire Incident Support Multi-Year and Exercise Schedule Appendix A: Target Capabilities... A-1 Appendix B: Exercise and Sources... B-1 FEMA Online Courses... B-1 Emergency Management Institute (EMI)... B-1 National Domestic Preparedness Consortium (NDPC)... B-2 Center for Domestic Preparedness (CDP)... B-2 Regional Exercise Support Program (RESP)... B-2 Regional... B-2 Appendix C: Exercise Types... C-1 Discussion-Based Exercises... C-1 Operations-Based Exercises... C-3 Cuyahoga County v Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

5 Cuyahoga County vi Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

6 PURPOSE Cuyahoga County The purpose of the Multi-Year and Exercise Plan (TEP) is to provide a follow-on document to the Cuyahoga County Homeland Security Strategy. It is a living document that will be reviewed and updated on an annual basis. The Multi-Year TEP provides a roadmap for Cuyahoga County to follow in accomplishing the priorities described in the Homeland Security Strategy. Each priority is linked to an Improvement Plan (IP) effort. The priority is further linked to the associated target capabilities that would facilitate accomplishment of a given priority as well as the training and exercises that will assist in obtaining and/or validating those capabilities. The Multi-Year TEP also provides a basis for participating jurisdictions to budget and apply for grant funding for future training and exercise requirements. Cuyahoga County shall also serve as the hub of training and education for State of Ohio Region 2 Planning Region. By advising Lorain County, Lake County, Geauga County, and Ashtabula County, we are able to better serve the needs of our professional Public Safety Professionals throughout Northeast Ohio. By training together, our continued goal of regional training effort will bring our partners in public safety closer together so that we may all increase our functional capacities together during a large scale incident. Included in the Multi-Year TEP is the and Exercise Schedule, which provides a graphic illustration of the proposed activities scheduled from July 2012 until December It is representative of the natural progression that should take place in accordance with the buildingblock approach to training and exercises. Cuyahoga County 1 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

7 INTRODUCTION AFTER ACTION REPORT (AAR) EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS Cuyahoga County The purpose of this analysis is to summarize data from After Action Reports (AARs) for exercises conducted in Cuyahoga County. This data provides a single source repository that was used to facilitate the planning and conduct of the and Exercise Plan Workshop (TEPW). The TEPW is an annual forum for developing, reviewing, and updating a Multi-Year and Exercise Plan and Schedule. During the TEPW, program accomplishments to date are reviewed. Jurisdictions review their progress and accomplishments over the previous year. They then identify needed modifications and updates to the Multi-Year and Exercise Schedule. The scope of this effort is the exercises that were conducted in calendar years 2010 and Approach The technical approach used was to review AARs and Improvement Plans (IPs) from exercise events. To ensure a symmetrical analysis approach, an exercise summary template was developed. This template contains the following information for each exercise in the scope of this effort: Exercise title Exercise date Evaluated objectives/capabilities for the exercise A list of the areas for improvement analysis contained in the AAR A review of the AAR corrective actions that are assigned to the objective/capability provides the foundational data for this effort. Additional consideration is given to any other areas of the AARs that point out the need for corrective actions or improvement by checking the IP in addition to each write-up in the analysis section. In some cases, the evaluated areas (objectives) listed in the exercise design summary of the AAR are a subset of the Target Capabilities List (TCL). When this was the case, the exercise objective was examined then mapped to a standard capability contained in the TCL. This provided a standard analysis of the corrective actions/recommendations contained in the AARs grouped by capability. Table 1 is an example of this capability assignment mapping. Cuyahoga County 2 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

8 Table 1: Exercise Objective to TCL Capability Assignment Mapping After Action Report (AAR) Exercise Objective/Activity Initial Notification Incident Command System (ICS)/Unified Command System (UCS) Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Resource Management Personnel Safety Law Enforcement Fire Operations Incident Assessment/Presumptive Hazard Identification Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Emergency Public Information Patient Tracking Population Protective Actions Capability from the Target Capabilities List (TCL) Communications On-Site Incident Management EOC Management Critical Resource Logistics and Distribution Responder Safety and Health Emergency Public Safety and Security Fire Incident Support Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and Hazardous Materials and Decontamination Emergency Triage and Pre-Hospital Treatment Emergency Public Information and Warning Medical Surge Mass Care (Sheltering, Feeding, and Related Services) Analysis The examined data includes two tabletop exercises (TTXs), one functional exercise (FE), and five full-scale exercises (FSEs), for a total of eight exercises. Seventeen different objectives/capabilities are evaluated in the population of the exercises. Figure 1 exhibits combined data of the number of exercises for: The number of exercises for a particular capability The total number of corrective actions/recommendations for a particular capability Cuyahoga County 3 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

9 Figure 1: Number of exercises and number of corrective actions/recommendations per capability Results As stated earlier, the TEPW is the forum for developing, reviewing, and updating a Multi-Year and Exercise Plan and Schedule. During the TEPW, jurisdictional program progress and accomplishments are reviewed. They then identify needed updates and modifications to the Multi-Year and Exercise Schedule. Information gleaned from this review can be cross-walked with the State s Homeland Security Strategy, and the improvement actions can be evaluated with the established priorities for the jurisdictions. Table 2: Exercises Analyzed Exercise Title Conduct Date Type Cuyahoga County Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) Functional Exercise (FE) March 18, 2010 Q-Tex 2010 Tabletop Exercise (TTX) August 19, 2010 TTX Q-Tex 2010 Full-Scale Exercise (FSE) September 9, 2010 FSE Northeast Ohio Hospital Pediatric Surge TTX March 25, 2011 TTX Westfield Southpark Mall FSE May 15, 2011 FSE Northeast Ohio Hospital and Health Care Biplane Blunder FSE Northeast Ohio Hospital and Health Care Operation Rat Pack FSE 2011 Area Maritime Security and Exercise Program (AMSTEP) Frontier Sentinel (SSI) Full- Scale Exercise (FSE) July 13, 2011 September 14 15, 2011 September 19 October 5, 2011 FE FSE FSE FSE Cuyahoga County 4 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

10 PROGRAM PRIORITIES Cuyahoga County An analysis of the After Action Reports (AARs) and Improvement Plans (IPs) from exercises conducted during calendar years 2010 and 2011 indicated a need for a program focus on the following priorities: 1. Citizen Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place. Citizen Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place is the capability to prepare for, ensure communication of, and immediately execute the safe and effective sheltering-in-place of an at-risk population (and companion animals) and/or the organized and managed evacuation of the at-risk population (and companion animals) to areas of safe refuge in response to a potentially or actually dangerous environment. In addition, this capability involves the safe reentry of the population where feasible. 2. Communications. Communications is the fundamental capability within disciplines and jurisdictions that practitioners need to perform the most routine and basic elements of their job functions. Agencies must be operable, meaning they must have sufficient wireless communications to meet their everyday internal and emergency communication requirements before they place value on being interoperable, i.e., able to work with other agencies. Communications interoperability is the ability of public safety agencies (police, fire, emergency medical services [EMS]) and service agencies (public works, transportation, hospitals, etc.) to talk within and across agencies and jurisdictions via radio and associated communications systems, exchanging voice, data, and/or video with one another on demand, in real time, when needed, and when authorized. It is essential that public safety has the intra-agency operability it needs and that it builds its systems toward interoperability. 3. Community Preparedness and Participation. The Community Preparedness and Participation capability provides that everyone in America is fully aware, trained, and practiced on how to prevent, protect/mitigate, prepare for, and respond to all threats and hazards. This requires a role for citizens in personal preparedness, exercises, ongoing volunteer programs, and surge capacity response. Specific capabilities for universal preparedness, including knowledge of all-hazards (technological, natural, and terrorist incidents) and related protective measures, skills, and supplies, will be determined through a collaborative process with emergency responders. 4. Emergency Public Safety and Security. Emergency Public Safety and Security is the capability to reduce the impact and consequences of an incident or major event by securing the affected area, including crime/incident scene preservation issues as appropriate, safely diverting the public from hazards, providing security support to other response operations and properties, and sustaining operations from response through Cuyahoga County 5 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

11 recovery. Public safety and security response requires coordination among officials from law enforcement, fire, and EMS. 5. Fire Incident Support. This capability provides coordination and implementation of fire suppression operations, which include the following tasks: assessing the scene, assigning resources, establishing an Incident Command System (ICS) consistent with the National Incident Management System (NIMS), communicating the status of the situation, requesting additional resources, establishing a safe perimeter, evacuating persons in danger, rescuing trapped victims, conducting fire suppression, determining the cause of the fire(s), and ensuring the area is left in a safe condition. This capability further includes support necessary to prepare the community and reduce vulnerabilities in the event of a major event. I. Citizen Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place The following training courses and exercises support the Citizen Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place priority: Exercises Cleveland Department of Public Health () Functional Exercise (FE), July 2012 Perry Nuclear Power Plant Dry Run, August 2012 Perry Nuclear Power Plant Full-Scale Exercise (FSE), October 2012 Shelter-in-Place or Evacuate Tabletop Exercise (TTX) and training, March September 2013 Pandemic Influenza TTX, March 2013 Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place, May 2014 Sheltering with a focus on functional needs and pets exercise, November 2014 Functional Needs and Pets FE, Second Quarter 2015 IS 100 Introduction to Incident Command System, February 2012 IS 200 ICS for Single Resources and Initial Action Incidents, April 2012 IS 700 NIMS, An Introduction, September 2012 Shelter Operations/Shelter Simulations, October 2012, ICS in Action for outbreak, 101, January 2013 This capability is supported by the following Emergency Support Functions (ESFs): ESF #1: Transportation ESF #5: Emergency Management ESF #6: Mass Care, Housing, and Human Services ESF #8: Public Health and Medical Services Cuyahoga County 6 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

12 II. ESF #14: Public Safety ESF #15: External Affairs Communications The following training courses and exercises support the Communications priority: Exercises Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) FE, July 2012 Tactical Interoperable Communications Plan (TICP) and Radio Use Seminar I, July 2012 National Disaster Medical System (NDMS)/Port Security/Decon Exercise, July 2012 Northeast Ohio (NEO) Region Multi-Agency Radio Communication System (MARCS) Radio / Ohio Department of Health (ODH) MARCS/ Ohio Public Health Communication System (OPHCS), IS-702 and IS-704 Online s, TAR 2.2 Staff Call Down, TAR 2.3 Testing of Communication, TAR 4.4 Testing, Water/Wastewater Agency Network (WARN) Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Fax, Health Department TAR 4.4 Testing of at least 4 Communications, Health Department TAR 2.4 Call Down, Navy Week Event, August September 2012 Cleveland-Hopkins International Airport (CLE) FSE, September 2012 TICP and Radio Use Seminar II, August 2012 TICP and Radio Use Seminar III, August 2012 CWRU FSE, September 2012 Mass Casualty TTX, September 2012 Senior Officials Workshop (SOW) Seminar, September 2012 Cities Readiness Initiative Research and Development (CRI RAND) Call Down, October 2012 Multi-Agency FSE, April 2013 NEO TTX, Second Quarter 2013 NEO FE, Third Quarter 2013 Multi-Agency Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) Exercise, September 2013 TICP and Radio Use Seminar IV, September 2013 Tri-City FE, September 2013 City/County Fully Activated EOC, Multiple Operations Periods TTX, April 2014 City/County Fully Activated EOC, Multiple Operations Periods FSE, September 2014 Cuyahoga County 7 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

13 MGT 312 SOW for Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)/Terrorism Incident Preparedness, July 2012 IS 700 NIMS, An Introduction, September 2012 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, October 2012 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, November 2012 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, December 2012 ICS 400 Advanced ICS, December 2012 G 191 Incident Command System/Emergency Operations Center Interface, December 2012 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, January 2013 EOC, January 2013 Position Specific EOC, March 2013 ICS 400 Advanced ICS, April 2013 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, July 2013 ICS 400 Advanced ICS, October 2013 IS 775 EOC Management and Operations, November 2013 G 191 Incident Command System/Emergency Operations Center Interface, December 2013 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, January 2014 ICS 400 Advanced ACS, April 2014 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, July 2014 ICS 400 Advanced ACS, October 2014 G 191 Incident Command System/Emergency Operations Center Interface, December 2014 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, January 2015 ICS 400 Advanced ACS, April 2015 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents, July 2015 ICS 400 Advanced ACS, October 2015 G 191 Incident Command System/Emergency Operations Center Interface, December 2015 This capability is supported by the following ESFs: III. ESF #2: Communications Communications supports all ESFs at the Federal, State, local, and tribal levels. Community Preparedness and Participation The following training courses and exercises support strengthening the Community Preparedness and Participation priority: Exercises: Cuyahoga County 8 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

14 Citizen Corps Seminar to present exercise program, July 2012 Citizen Corps ICS Game, September 2012 Citizen Corps Damage Assessment Seminar, October 2012 Citizen Corps Search and Rescue Seminar, October 2012 Citizen Corps Damage Assessment, November 2012 Citizen Corps Search and Rescue, December 2012 Citizen Corps Shelter, January 2013 Citizen Corps FSE, February 2013 Health Services for Licensed Professionals Workshop, November 2012 Functional Needs Residents TTX and, March September 2013 Citizen Corps FE, June 2014 Citizen Corps Exercise, June 2015 Recovery/Long Term Needs Limited English Speaking/Cultural Issues TTX, July 2015 : Veterans Affairs (VA) National Medical Disaster Hotter in Cleveland Event, July 2012 Citizen Corps ARES Conference, July 2012 Citizen Corps Refresher, August 2012 Individual Assistance/ Public Damage Assessment (IA/PDA) Course, August 2012 CRI Stakeholders Conference, August 2012 Foundations to Disaster Mental Health, September 2012 Psychological First Aid for Relief Workers, November 2012 Cyber Security Awareness Course for private and public, December 2012 American Red Cross (ARC) Collaboration, December 2012 Cuyahoga County Board of Health (CCBH) TAR Annual Notification and of Volunteers, January 2013 PR 211, February 2013 PR 211, September 2013 Volunteer, Community Emergency Team, This capability should play a role in ESFs and annexes at the Federal, State, tribal, and local levels. IV. Emergency Public Safety and Security The following training courses and exercises support the Emergency Public Safety and Security priority: Exercises NDMS Exercise, July 2012 BioWatch FE, July 2012 War of 1812 Navy Week Air Show Event, August September 2012 Cuyahoga County 9 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

15 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)/Airport FSE, September 2012 Point of Distribution (POD) Position Specific Seminar, September 2012 POD General Information Seminar, October 2012 CRI RAND s: POD, Facility Setup, Time Study FSE, October 2012 POD Position Specific Seminar, November 2012 Public Works TTX, November 2012 POD TTX, December 2012 January 2013 Public Works, January 2013 POD Unit Specific s, February and March 2013 Northeast Ohio Regional Area Maritime Security Subcommittee (NEORAMSS) Tall Ships TTX, April 2013 Public Works FE or FSE, April 2013 Cuyahoga County Medical Examiner s Office (CCMEO) TTX, Second Quarter 2013 Northeast Ohio Metropolitan Medical System (NEOMMRS) Conference, June 2013 NEO Region TTX, August 2013 Tall Ships Challenge 2 Week Event, July or September 2013 CCBH CRI RAND Throughput, October 2013 CCMEO FSE, Second Quarter 2014 NEOMMRS Conference, June 2014 NEO Region Jurisdictional Specific s, August 2014 NEO Region FSE, August 2015 MGT 365 Creating Your Risk Management Program Facilitated and Taught by The Center for Naval Analyses, August 2012 Forensic Epi. Class TBD, August 2012 to Aviation Disasters, An Overview, August 2012 Disaster Logistics, September 2012 Disaster Planning, October 2012 Disaster Canine Search Specialist, October 2012 Passenger Rail Rescue, October 2012 Disaster Medical Specialist, October 2012 MGT-310 WMD-Threat and Risk Assessment (TRA), October 2012 Task Force Team Leader, October 2012 Terrorism Liaison Officer (TLO), November 2012 POD Game Interactive Skill s, November and December 2012 MGT 317 Disaster Management for Public Services, January 2013 F-TLO and H-TLO, January 2013 Northeast Ohio Regional Fusion Center (NEORFC) Suspicious Activity Report (SAR), January 2013 AWR 130 Incident to Terrorist Bombings (IRTB) Awareness, January 2013 Cuyahoga County 10 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

16 PER 233/MGT 348 Medical Preparedness and to Bombing Incident, January Inventory, TAR 9.1 Distribution Manager, February 2013 State and Local Anti-Terrorism (SLATT), February 2013 CCMEO Fatality Management, First Quarter 2013 Ohio Plan and LERP for EMS Group, March 2013 Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP), April Core Mgt. Teams with backups trained annually for each POD Site, May 2013 ESF #1, June 2013 TLO, September 2013 MGT-312 SOW Active Shooter, October 2013 AWR 130 IRTB Awareness, January 2014 ESF #1, June 2014 NEOMMRS Conference, June 2015 This capability is supported by the following ESFs: ESF #13: Public Safety and Security V. Fire Incident Support The following training courses and exercises support the Fire Incident Support priority: Exercises Type 1 Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive (CBRNE) FSE, July 2012 Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) Seminar/Workshop, February 2013 Hazardous Materials (HazMat) FE or FSE, March 2013 LEPC Exercise, May 2013 LEPC Workshop, February 2014 HazMat FE or FSE, March 2014 LEPC FE or FSE, May 2014 LEPC Exercise, May 2015 OEMA HazMat Officer/HazMat Safety Officer Pilot Course, July 2012 HazMat Safety officer, Master Trainer Course, August 2012 HazMat ID 360 Instrument, August 2012 HazMat IQ, HazMat/WMD Techs, August 2012 HazMat Technician, August 2012 HazMat Continuing Challenge Conference, September 2012 Advanced Structural Collapse, September 2012 Structural Collapse Technician, September 2012 Wide Area Search, September 2012 HazMat ID 360 Instrument, 3 classes offered October 2012 Cuyahoga County 11 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

17 Hot Zone Conference, October 2012 Technical Search Specialist, October 2012 Ohio HazMat Teams Conference, November 2012 Planning for and Responding to a Terrorism/WMD Incident, December 2012 HazMat Technician, January 2013 Critical Infrastructure, May 2013 Hazard Mitigation Assistance Programs (HMA), November 2013 This capability is supported by the following ESFs: ESF #4: Firefighting Cuyahoga County 12 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

18 MULTI-YEAR TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE Cuyahoga County The Cuyahoga County s and Exercise Schedule uses a building-block approach to plan training courses and exercises based on the county s priorities. The building-block approach outlines a training and exercise regimen that maximizes mutual reinforcement, allows for sensible preparation (e.g., equipment purchase or training courses), and ensures progression in exercise complexity. These projected training and exercise activities are scheduled from July 2012 to December 31, Cuyahoga County 13 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

19 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2012 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D Citizen Corps Seminar CWRU FE Perry Nuclear Power Plant Dry Run War of 1812 Navy Week Event Citizen Corps ICS Game CWRU FSE Citizen Corps Search & Rescue Seminar Perry Nuclear Power Plant FSE Citizen Corps Damage Assessment Health Services for Licensed Professionals Workshop Citizen Corps Search & Rescue ARC Collaboration TICP & Radio Use Seminar I TICP & Radio Use Seminar II Mass Casualty TTX Shelter Operations/ Shelter Simulations Psychological First Aid for Relief Workers Cyber Security Awareness for Private & Public MGT 312 Citizen Corps ARES Conference VA National Medical Disaster Hotter in Cleveland Event TICP & Radio Use Seminar III Citizen Corps Refresher IA/PDA NDMS Exercise MGT 365 SOW Seminar IS 700 NIMS, An Introduction Foundations to Disaster Mental Health FAA/ Airport FSE Citizen Corps Damage Assessment Seminar Disaster Canine Search Specialist Disaster Planning Passenger Rail Rescue Public Works TTX TLO Ohio HazMat Teams Conference CCBH OPHCS Planning for and Responding to a Terrorism/ WMD Incident CCBH OPHCS NEO Region MARCS Radio 2.3 & Contact Update & Call Down EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

20 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2012 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D Type 1 CBRNE FSE OEMA HazMat Officer/ HazMat Safety Officer Pilot NEO Region MARCS Radio BioWatch FE CCBH OPHCS TAR 2.2 Staff Call Down to Aviation Disasters HazMat Safety Officer, Master Trainer Course HazMat ID 360 Instrument HazMat IQ, HazMat/ WMD Techs HazMat Technician CCBH OPHCS Disaster Logistics HazMat Continuing Challenge Conference Advanced Structural Collapse Structural Collapse Technician Wide Area Search CCBH OPHCS Disaster Medical Specialist Task Force Team Leader HazMat ID 360 Instrument Hot Zone Conference Technical Search Specialist CCBH OPHCS NEO Region MARCS Radio OPHCS Alert Tests MARCS IS- 702 & IS-704 Online POD Position Specific s Seminars 4.3 Testing of Communication 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations WARN EOC Fax 4.4 Testing OPHCS MARCS EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

21 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2012 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D TAR 4.4 Testing WARN EOC Fax OPHCS MARCS FE WARN Test NEO Region Forensic Epi Class CRI Stakeholders Conference CCBH Mgt. COOP TTX OPHCS MARCS Shaker Heights Volunteer (CERT), TAR NEO Region MARCS Radio 2.3 & Contact Update & Call Down 4.3 Testing of Communication 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations 4.4 Testing WARN EOC Fax NEO Region MARCS Radio CCBH CRI RAND Throughput CCBH CRI RAND Call Down CCBH CRI RAND POD OPHCS MARCS POD Game Interactive Skill s Shaker Heights ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents IS-702 & IS-704 Online POD Game Interactive Skill s POD TTX ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

22 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2012 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications Volunteer (CERT), TAR NEO Region MARCS Radio OPHCS MARCS IS-702 & IS-704 Online POD Position Specific s Seminars WARN Test IS-702 & IS-704 Online POD General Information Seminars 2.4 Call Down ICS 400 Advanced ICS G 191 ICS/EOC Interface EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

23 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2012 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D Chain of Custody & Distribution 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications CRI RAND s: POD, Facility Set-Up, Time Study FSE MGT-310 WMD-Threat and Risk Assessment (TRA) ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

24 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2013 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D Citizen Corps Shelter EOC Public Works MGT 317 Citizen Corps FSE PR 211 SLATT CCMEO Fatality Management Shelter-in-Place or Evacuate TTX & (March- September) Position Specific EOC Functional Needs Residents TTX & (March/ September) Ohio Plan & LERP for EMS Group Multi-Agency FSE ICS 300 & 400 NEORAMSS Tall Ships TTX Public Works FE or FSE CCMEO TTX LEPC Exercise Critical Infrastructure CCBH OPHCS NEOMMRS Conference ESF #1 CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & Contact Update & Call Down Tall Ships Challenge 2 Week Event CCBH OPHCS 4.3 Testing of Communication 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations NEO Region TTX CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down TAR 4.4 Testing Multi- Agency SWAT Exercise PR 211 TLO CCBH OPHCS CCBH OPHCS 4.3 Testing of Communication IS 775 EOC Management and Operations HMA 4.5 CCBH Testing Between OPHCS Command & Mgt Locations WARN EOC Fax OPHCS Alert Tests CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down TAR 4.4 Testing OPHCS Alert Tests EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

25 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2013 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D F-TLO & H- TLO NEORFC SAR AWR 130 IRTB Awareness HazMat Technician CCBH OPHCS LEPC Seminar/ Workshop HazMat FE or FSE CCBH CCBH OPHCS OPHCS 8.2 Inventory, TAR 9.1 Distribution Mgr. TAR 4.4 Testing WARN EOC Fax 2.3 & Contact Update & Call Down 4.3 Testing of Communication 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations HSEEP CCBH OPHCS WARN EOC Fax OPHCS MARCS CCBH, TAR 10.9 Core Mgt Teams w/ backups trained annually for each POD site 10.9 POD Lead OPHCS Alert Tests MARCS 4.3 Testing of WARN EOC Communication Fax 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations 4.4 Testing OPHCS IS- 702 & IS-704 MARCS Online OPHCS MARCS WARN Test IS-702 & IS-704 Online OPHCS Alert Tests MARCS IS- 702 & IS-704 Online Shaker Heights OPHCS Alert Tests MARCS IS- 702 & IS-704 Online Shaker Heights OPHCS MARCS WARN Test IS-702 & IS-704 Online MARCS MARCS IS- IS- 702 & IS & IS-704 Online Online Shaker Heights Shaker Heights G 191 ICS/EOC Interface EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

26 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2013 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D Annual Notification & of Volunteers OPHCS MARCS WARN Test IS-702 & IS-704 Online OPHCS OPHCS Alert Tests MARCS IS- 702 & IS-704 Online POD Unit Specific s MARCS IS-702 & IS-704 Online Pandemic Influenza TTX WARN Test IS-702 & IS-704 Online 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications Shaker Heights IS-702 & IS-704 Online 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents TICP & Radio Use Seminar IV Tri-City FE 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications MGT-312 SOW Active Shooter ICS 400 Advanced ICS EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

27 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2013 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D ICS in Action for, 101 POD TTX 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications Shaker Heights POD Unit Specific s Position Specific EOC ICS 400 Advanced ICS EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

28 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2013 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D PER 233/ MGT 348 ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

29 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2014 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D AWR 130 IRTB Awareness CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down LEPC Workshop CCBH OPHCS 4.3 Testing of Communication HazMat FE or FSE CCBH OPHCS 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations City/ County Fully Activated EOC, Multiple Ops Periods TTX ICS 300 & 400 CCMEO FSE Evacuation & Citizen Corps Shelter-in-Place FE LEPC FE or FSE CCBH OPHCS NEOMMRS Conference ESF-1 CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down 4.3 Testing of Communication NEO Region Jurisdictional Specific s CCBH OPHCS 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations City/ County Fully Activated EOC, Multiple Ops Periods FSE CCBH OPHCS TAR 4.4 Testing CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations Sheltering- Functional Needs & Pets Exercise CCBH OPHCS WARN EOC Fax CCBH OPHCS 4.3 Testing of Communication 4.4 Testing WARN EOC Fax OPHCS TAR 4.4 Testing CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & Contact Update & Call Down CCBH OPHCS WARN EOC Fax OPHCS Alert Tests OPHCS Alert Tests OPHCS OPHCS OPHCS Alert Tests EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

30 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2014 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D OPHCS MARCS OPHCS Alert Tests 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations 4.3 Testing of Communication TAR 4.4 Testing OPHCS MARCS MARCS MARCS MARCS MARCS MARCS IS-702 & IS-704 Online MARCS WARN EOC Fax OPHCS OPHCS Alert Tests MARCS IS- 702 & IS-704 Online IS- 702 & IS-704 Online WARN Test IS- 702 & IS-704 Online IS-702 & IS-704 Online WARN Test IS- 702 & IS-704 Online OPHCS MARCS MARCS WARN Test IS-702 & IS-704 Online IS-702 & IS-704 Online MARCS IS-702 & IS-704 Online IS- 702 & IS-704 Online IS-702 & IS-704 Online Shaker Heights Shaker Heights Shaker Heights EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

31 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2014 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D Shaker Heights WARN Test 2.4 Call Down G 191 ICS/EOC Interface 2.4 Call Down IS-702 & IS-704 Online Shaker Heights 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications 2.4 Call Down ICS 400 Advanced ICS EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

32 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2014 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents ICS 400 Advanced ICS EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

33 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2015 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down WARN EOC Fax OPHCS CCBH OPHCS 4.3 Testing of Communication OPHCS MARCS CCBH OPHCS 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations TAR 4.4 Testing OPHCS Alert Tests Functional Needs & Pets FE CCBH OPHCS ICS 300 & Testing of Communication LEPC Exercise CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations Citizen Corps Exercise NEOMMRS Conference ESF-1 CCBH OPHCS Recovery/Long Term Needs Limited English Speaking/ Cultural Issues TTX CCBH OPHCS 4.3 Testing of Communication WARN EOC Fax NEO Region FSE CCBH OPHCS 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations OPHCS Alert Tests CCBH OPHCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down TAR 4.4 Testing OPHCS Alert Tests CCBH OPHCS 4.3 Testing of Communication WARN EOC Fax OPHCS CCBH CCBH OPHCS OPHCS 4.5 Testing Between Command & Mgt Locations OPHCS Alert Tests MARCS 2.3 & 2.4 TAR 2.2 Contact Update & Call Down TAR 4.4 Testing OPHCS Alert Tests EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

34 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2015 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D MARCS IS-702 & IS-704 Online MARCS WARN EOC Fax OPHCS Alert Tests TAR 4.4 Testing OPHCS MARCS MARCS MARCS IS- 702 & IS-704 Online MARCS WARN Test IS- 702 & IS-704 Online OPHCS MARCS OPHCS Alert Tests MARCS IS- 702 & IS-704 Online IS- 702 & IS-704 Online WARN Test IS- 702 & IS-704 Online IS-702 & IS-704 Online MARCS IS- 702 & IS-704 Online MARCS WARN Test IS-702 & IS-704 Online WARN Test IS- 702 & IS-704 Online IS-702 & IS-704 Online G 191 ICS/EOC Interface EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

35 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2015 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D 2.4 Call Down IS-702 & IS-704 Online 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents 2.4 Call Down 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications ICS 400 Advanced ICS 4.4 testing of at least 4 Communications ICS 300 Intermediate ICS for Expanding Incidents EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

36 TRAINING AND EXERCISE SCHEDULE 2015 Qtr 1 Qtr 2 Qtr 3 Qtr 4 J F M A M J J A S O N D ICS 400 Advanced ICS EXERCISE - Scheduled EXERCISE - Proposed TRAINING - Scheduled TRAINING - Proposed

37 Common Target Capabilities APPENDIX A: TARGET CAPABILITIES Cuyahoga County Communications Community Preparedness and Participation Intelligence and Information Sharing and Dissemination Planning Risk Management Prevent Mission Area Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Detection Counter-Terror Investigation and Law Enforcement Information Gathering and Recognition of Indicators and Warnings Intelligence Analysis and Production Protect Mission Area Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) Epidemiological Surveillance and Investigation Food and Agriculture Safety and Defense Laboratory Testing Respond Mission Area Animal Disease Emergency Support Citizen Evacuation and Shelter-in-Place Critical Resource Logistics and Distribution Emergency Operations Center Management Emergency Public Information and Warning Emergency Public Safety and Security Emergency Triage and Pre-Hospital Treatment Environmental Health Explosive Device Operations Fatality Management Fire Incident Support Isolation and Quarantine Mass Care (Sheltering, Feeding, and Related Services) Mass Prophylaxis Medical Supplies Management and Distribution Medical Surge On-Site Incident Management Responder Safety and Health Search and Rescue (Land-Based) Cuyahoga County A-1 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

38 Volunteer Management and Donations WMD and Hazardous Materials and Decontamination Recover Mission Area Economic and Community Recovery Restoration of Lifelines Structural Damage Assessment Cuyahoga County A-1 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

39 Preparedness cycle APPENDIX B: EXERCISE AND TRAINING SOURCES Cuyahoga County As illustrated in the Preparedness Cycle, training is the precursor to exercises and the foundation of competency. Given the breadth of first responder and homeland security support disciplines and the number of personnel within each discipline, obtaining and managing training can be an overwhelming task. In order for Cuyahoga County to establish and implement a sound Homeland Security and Exercise Program, it is imperative that each agency or discipline have a central point of contact (POC) to interface with the Cuyahoga County Office of Emergency Management (OEM). Establishing this organizational structure will streamline the training and exercise process and reduce operational burden. Further, it will provide visibility to all agencies and create a collaborative environment that will benefit all agencies and stakeholders. The information below outlines training for homeland security practitioners as provided through the Federal Emergency Management Agency s (FEMA s) National Preparedness Directorate (NPD) ( FEMA s Technical Assistance Program, and other known sources. The opportunities listed are a means to obtain technical assistance and training that with practiced skills will better prepare Cuyahoga County for future events, both local and catastrophic. As mentioned, all trainings should be coordinated through the Cuyahoga County OEM. FEMA Online Courses The NPD online course catalog provides searchable, integrated information on courses provided or managed by FEMA s Center for Domestic Preparedness (CDP), Emergency Management Institute (EMI), and National and Education Division (NTED). Emergency Management Institute (EMI) Through its courses and integrated programs, EMI ( serves as the national focal point for the development and delivery of emergency management training to enhance the capabilities of State, local, and tribal government officials; volunteer organizations; FEMA s disaster workforce; other Federal agencies; and the public and private sectors to minimize the impact of disasters and emergencies on the American public. EMI curricula are structured to meet the needs of this diverse audience with an emphasis on separate organizations working together in all-hazards emergencies to save lives and protect Cuyahoga County B-1 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

40 property. Particular emphasis is placed on governing doctrine such as the National Framework (NRF), National Incident Management System (NIMS), and National Preparedness Guidelines (NPG). National Domestic Preparedness Consortium (NDPC) The National Domestic Preparedness Consortium (NDPC) ( is a professional alliance sponsored through the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (US DHS)/FEMA/NPD. The consortium is made up of seven members, and each of these organizations has distinguished themselves nationally as experts in chemicals, explosives, radiological/nuclear devices, bioterrorism, counter-terrorism, agro-terrorism, and emergency management systems. The NDPC reflects the missions of all these organizations with its commitment to provide quality, costeffective counter-terrorism training to the nation s emergency responders. Center for Domestic Preparedness (CDP) Train at the Nation's premier all-hazards training center! FEMA s CDP ( located in Anniston, AL, is the US DHS's only federally chartered weapons of mass destruction (WMD) training center. Regional There are other numerous regional training opportunities such as those provided by regional Federal partners to include: Lorain County, Lake County Geauga County, and Ashtabula County US Coast Guard (USCG) National Disaster Preparedness Center (NDPTC) These are but a few examples of training providers that may be considered. Most important in pursuing training is to match the training to Cuyahoga County s homeland security priorities as noted in the earlier section of this document. Cuyahoga County B-1 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

41 Discussion-Based Exercises APPENDIX C: EXERCISE TYPES Cuyahoga County Discussion-based exercises are normally used as a starting point in the building-block approach to the cycle, mix, and range of exercises. Discussion-based exercises include seminars, workshops, tabletop exercises (TTXs), and games. These types of exercises typically highlight existing plans, policies, mutual-aid agreements (MAAs), and procedures. Thus, they are exceptional tools for familiarizing agencies and personnel with current or expected jurisdictional capabilities. Discussion-based exercises typically focus on strategic, policy-oriented issues; operations-based exercises focus more on tactical, response-related issues. Facilitators and/or presenters usually lead the discussion, keeping participants on track while meeting the objectives of the exercise. Seminars Seminars are generally used to orient participants to or provide an overview of authorities, strategies, plans, policies, procedures, protocols, response resources, or concepts and ideas. Seminars provide a good starting point for jurisdictions that are developing or making major changes to their plans and procedures. They offer the following attributes: Informal discussions led by a seminar leader Lack of time constraints caused by real-time portrayal of incidents Low-stress environment employing a number of instruction techniques such as lectures, multi-media presentations, panel discussions, case study discussion, expert testimony, and decision support tools Proven effectiveness with both small and large groups Workshops Workshops represent the second tier of exercises in the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) building-block approach. Although similar to seminars, workshops differ in two important aspects: participant interaction is increased, and the focus is on achieving or building a product (such as a plan or a policy). Workshops provide an ideal forum for the following: Building teams Collecting or sharing information Obtaining consensus Obtaining new or different perspectives Problem solving of complex issues Testing new ideas, processes, or procedures groups in coordinated activities In conjunction with exercise development, workshops are most useful in achieving specific aspects of exercise design such as the following: Determining evaluation elements and standards of performance Cuyahoga County C-1 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

42 Determining program or exercise objectives Developing exercise scenario and key events listings A workshop may be used to produce new standard operating procedures (SOPs), Emergency Operations Plans (EOPs), MAAs, Multi-Year and Exercise Plans (TEPs), and Improvement Plans (IPs). To be effective, workshops must be highly focused on a specific issue, and the desired outcome or goal must be clearly defined. Potential relevant topics and goals are numerous, but all workshops share the following common attributes: Effective with both small and large groups Facilitated, working breakout sessions Goals oriented toward an identifiable product Information conveyed employing different instructional techniques Lack of time constraint from real-time portrayal of incidents Low-stress environment No-fault forum Plenary discussions led by a workshop leader Tabletop Exercises (TTXs) TTXs involve key personnel, senior staff, and elected or appointed officials who discuss hypothetical scenarios in an informal setting. This type of exercise can be used to assess plans, policies, and procedures or to assess the systems needed to guide the prevention of, response to, and recovery from a defined incident. TTXs typically are aimed at facilitating understanding of concepts, identifying strengths and shortfalls, and achieving changes in the approach to a particular situation. Participants are encouraged to discuss issues in depth and develop decisions through slow-paced problem solving, rather than the rapid, spontaneous decision making that occurs under actual or simulated emergency conditions. The effectiveness of a TTX is derived from the energetic involvement of participants and their assessment of recommended revisions to current policies, procedures, and plans. TTX methods are divided into two categories: basic and advanced. In a basic TTX, the situation established by the scenario materials remains constant. It describes an emergency incident (i.e., scenario) and brings discussion participants up to the simulated present time. Players apply their knowledge and skills to a list of problems presented by the leader/moderator; problems are discussed as a group; and the leader generally agrees on and summarizes the resolutions. In an advanced TTX, play revolves around delivery of pre-scripted messages to players that alter the original scenario. The exercise controller (or moderator) usually introduces problems one at a time in the form of a written message, simulated telephone call, videotape, or other means. Participants discuss the issues raised by the simulated problem, applying appropriate plans and procedures. TTX attributes may include the following: Cuyahoga County C-1 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan

43 Achieving limited or specific objectives Assessing interagency coordination Conducting a specific case study Examining personnel contingencies Familiarizing senior officials with a situation Participating in information sharing Practicing group problem solving Testing group message interpretation Operations-Based Exercises Operations-based exercises represent the next iteration of the exercise cycle and are utilized to validate the plans, policies, agreements, and procedures solidified in discussion-based exercises. Operations-based exercises include drills, functional exercises (FEs), and full-scale exercises (FSEs). They can clarify roles and responsibilities, identify gaps in resources needed to implement plans and procedures, and improve individual and team performance. Operations-based exercises are characterized by actual response, mobilization of apparatus and resources, and commitment of personnel, usually over an extended period of time. s A drill is a coordinated, supervised activity usually used to test a single specific operation or function in a single agency. s are commonly used to provide training on new equipment, develop or test new policies or procedures, or practice and maintain current skills. Typical attributes include the following: A narrow focus, measured against established standards Instant feedback Performance in isolation Realistic environment Functional Exercises (FEs) An FE is designed to validate and evaluate individual capabilities, multiple functions, activities within a function, or interdependent groups of functions. Incidents are projected through an exercise scenario with incident updates that drive activity at the management level. An FE simulates the reality of operations in a functional area by presenting complex and realistic problems that require rapid and effective responses by trained personnel in a highly stressful, time-constrained environment. and recovery-focused FEs generally concentrate on exercising the plans, policies, procedures, and staffs of the direction and control branches of Incident Command (IC), Unified Command (UC), and/or multi-agency coordination centers (e.g., emergency operation centers [EOCs]). Movement of personnel and equipment is simulated. Prevention-focused FEs usually concentrate on exercising the plans, policies, procedures, agreements, networks, and staffs of fusion centers or law enforcement agencies with Cuyahoga County C-1 Multi-Year and Exercise Plan