College of Aerospace Doctrine, Research, and Education. PSYOP and Counter PSYOP IW-110
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1 College of Aerospace Doctrine, Research, and Education PSYOP and Counter PSYOP IW-110
2 AFDD 2-5 INFORMATION SUPERIORITY INFORMATION OPERATIONS INFORMATION-in-WARFARE gain Precision Nav & Position ISR Other Info Collection/ Dissemination Activities exploit Weather PAO INFORMATION WARFARE DEFENSIVE COUNTERINFORMATION Information Assurance defend COUNTERINFORMATION Counter- Intelligence OFFENSIVE COUNTERINFORMATION PSYOP attack Physical Attack Successfully executed Information Operations achieve information superiority OPSEC Electronic Protect Counter- Propaganda Counter- Deception Military Deception CNA Electronic Warfare PAO CND PAO
3 Outline Publications & Players Definition Categories & Types Principles & Objectives Organization Environment Counterpropaganda Tools Examples
4 Key Publications 1990 PSYOP Master Plan DoD Directive S Joint Pub 3-53 Air Force Doctrine Document AFI Army FM
5 The Players HQ USSOCOM HQ USASOC 2nd Psychological Operations Group 4th Psychological Operations Group 7th Psychological Operations Group HQ AIA/OL-HC (Hulburt Field) HQ AIA Psychological Operations Division, AFIWC, 67th Information Operations Wing, and IW Flights 193rd Special Operations Wing
6 Psychological Operations (PSYOP) AFDD planned operations to convey selected information and indicators to foreign audiences to influence their emotions, motives, objective reasoning, and ultimately their behavior to favor friendly objectives.
7 PSYOP Categories Strategic Operational Tactical Consolidation
8 Strategic PSYOP Global in scope Promotes favorable U.S. image Supports long-term goals Maintains stability Directed by National Command Authorities
9 Operational PSYOP Targets regional audiences Gains support Weakens opposition Creates concern Counters enemy propaganda
10 Tactical PSYOP Supports cover and concealment Disrupts local operations Provides surrender instructions Limited to short term objectives
11 Consolidation PSYOP Supports force protection in potentially hostile environments Supports U.S. objectives Maximizes operational freedom Bolsters foreign internal defense operations
12 Types of PSYOP Cohesive Divisive
13 Cohesive PSYOP Develops national unity Promotes favorable government images Provides public information Improves civil-military relations Counters hostile propaganda Redirects interests Unites audience against common foe
14 Divisive PSYOP Exploits vulnerabilities & failures Encourages dissension Weakens opposition Exploits intolerance & prejudice* Encourages defection and inaction (apathy) Emphasizes self-interest
15 Why use PSYOP? Low cost/high impact Untapped force multiplier in aerospace Information Operations Leverages Technological advances Creates favorable (psychosocial) conditions for (joint) air and IO campaigns Provides full-dimensional IO Conserves forces
16 PSYOP Principles Requires defined, clear objectives; must be decomposed from theater objectives Based on thorough analysis (Target / Product analysis worksheets) Appropriate dissemination Cultural UNDERSTANDING vs awareness Analysis of results Proactive vs reactive
17 What can PSYOP do? Provides full-dimensional IO through psychological preparation of the battlespace Can achieve objectives before introduction of forces Key player in force protection and targeting Broadens PSYOP beyond special operations Facilitates force protection Provides lethal and non-lethal PSYOP alternatives
18 How Does PSYOP Fit In? THEATER CINC JTF ARFOR MARFOR AFFOR NAVFOR JSOTF JPOTF
19 Joint PSYOP Task Force JPOTF EPW/CI PROD DEV AF 193d SOW TACTICAL ELEMENTS NAVY FIW GRP DISSEM BN
20 Recent Operations ANDREW SAFE HAVEN URGENT FURY PROVIDE PROMISE SOUTHERN WATCH UPHOLD DEMOCRACY PROVEN FORCE JOINT ENDEAVOR PROVIDE COMFORT JUST CAUSE GTMO PROMOTE LIBERTY DESERT STORM LASER STRIKE UNITED SHIELD RESTORE HOPE JTF-SWA ALLIED FORCE PACIFIC HAVEN PROVIDE REFUGE ASSURED RESPONSE PROMPT RETURN
21 Operational Environment Multiple participants (combined) Support all options Information Age Multicultural environments Non-state actors
22 Future Environment Internet Global community Technological advances Sophisticated adversaries Flexibility The future...
23 Non-state Actors Cartels: Fujimori (President of Peru) and Escobar Terrorists: Sep 11, USS Cole, Kuwait, Doha
24 Hostile Propaganda Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Engineered in a US lab at Fort Detrick Spread by criminals and homosexuals Soviet PSYOP campaign Newspaper articles Foreign Press Baby Parts Key Players (Iraq, Iran, North Korea, China)
25 Counterpropaganda AFDD 2-5 Those efforts to negate, neutralize, diminish the effects of, or gain advantage from foreign PSYOP or propaganda efforts. Disrupt, degrade, and disable adversary PSYOP Public Affairs Operations Combat Camera Military Information Dissemination OCI Operations Credibility and ground truth are key concepts to fighting adversary propaganda
26 PSYOP Tools Leaflets Loudspeakers Radio/TV Broadcasts Newspapers/Magazines Face to face Internet
27 Afghanistan Leaflet
28 Afghanistan Leaflet
29 WWII Leaflet
30 Vietnam Leaflet
31 Persian Gulf Leaflet
32 Persian Gulf Leaflet
33 Loudspeakers
34 Radio/TV Broadcasts
35 Newspapers/Magazines
36 Newspapers/Magazines
37 Newspapers/Magazines
38 Face to Face
39 Miscellaneous
40 Future Tools Direct Broadcast Satellite Broadcasting from UAVs Video insertion Morphing systems Voice digitization Computer archiving LASER Imaging Holographic Projection Graphics Technology Cross Cultural PSYOP Model
41 No matter what tool you use... The truth is the best PSYOP!
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