BAPTIST HEALTH SCHOOL OF NURSING NSG 3026A: CHILDREN S HEALTH

Transcription

1 R 1 BAPTIST HEALTH SCHOOL OF NURSING NSG 3026A: CHILDREN S HEALTH NURSING MANAGEMENTof RESPIRATORY DYSFUNCTION : THEORETICAL SKILLS and KNOWLEDGE, SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES, CRITICAL THINKING, HEALTHCARE PROMOTION, WELLNESS and ILLNESS, and STRESS ADAPTATION 2007 LECTURE OBJECTIVES: Identify the factors leading to respiratory tract infection in the infant or young child. Contrast the effects of various respiratory infections observed in infants and children. Describe the postoperative nursing care of the child with a tonsillectomy. Discuss a nursing care plan for a child with croup. Discuss a nursing care plan for a child with acute otitis media. Demonstrate an understanding of the ways in which inhalation of noninfectious irritants produce pulmonary dysfunction. Describe the ways in which the various therapeutic measures relieve the symptoms of asthma. Discuss a plan for teaching home care for the child with asthma. Describe the physiologic effects of cystic fibrosis on the gastrointestinal and pulmonary systems. Discuss a plan of care for the child with cystic fibrosis. List the major signs of respiratory distress in infants and children. READING ASSIGNMENT: Wong, Perry, & Hockenberry (2006). Maternal Child Nursing Care. Chapter 46, pp

2 R-2 LECTURE OUTLINE: I. Respiratory Infection A. General Aspects of respiratory infections 1. Etiology and Characteristics a. Infectious agents b. Age c. Size d. Resistance e. Seasonal variations 2. Clinical manifestations 3. Nursing considerations a. Assessment b. Nursing diagnosis c. Planning d. Implementation i. Ease respiratory efforts i iv. Promote rest Prevent spread of infection Reduce temperature v. Promote hydration

3 R 3 vi. v Provide nutrition Family support and home care e. Evaluation B. Upper Respiratory Tract Infections 1. Nasopharyngitis a. Therapeutic management b. Prevention c. Nursing care management d. Family support 2. Pharyngitis a. Clinical manifestations b. Diagnostic evaluations c. Therapeutic management d. Nursing care management 3. Tonsillitis a. Pathophysiology b. Etiology c. Clinical manifestations d. Therapeutic management e. Nursing care management f. Family support and home care

4 R 4 4. Influenza a. Clinical manifestations b. Therapeutic management c. Prevention d. Nursing care management 5. Otitis Media a. Etiology b. Pathophysiology c. Diagnostic evaluation d. Therapeutic management e. Nursing care management C. Croup Syndromes 1. Acute Epiglottitis a. Clinical manifestations b. Therapeutic management c. Prevention d. Nursing care management 2. Acute Laryngitis a. Therapeutic management b. Nursing care management

5 R 5 3. Acute Laryngotracheobronchitis a. Therapeutic management b. Nursing care management 4. Acute Spasmodic Laryngitis a. Therapeutic management b. Nursing care management 5. Bacterial Tracheitis a. Therapeutic management b. Nursing care management D. Infections of the Lower Airways 1. Bronchitis 2. Respiratory syncytial virus/bronchiolitis a. Pathophysiology b. Clinical manifestations c. Diagnostic evaluation d. Therapeutic management e. Prevention of RSV infection f. Nursing care management 3. Pneumonias a. Viral pneumonia b. Primary atypical pneumonia

6 R 6 c. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) d. Nursing care management e. Bacterial pneumonias i. Complications i Prognosis Prevention f. Nursing care management 4. Other Infections of the Respiratory Tract a. Pertussis (Whooping cough) b. Tuberculosis i. Diagnostic evaluation Therapeutic management c. Prognosis d. Prevention e. Nursing care management II. Pulmonary Dysfunction Caused by Noninfectious Irritants A. Foreign Body Aspiration 1. Diagnostic evaluation 2. Therapeutic management 3. Nursing care management 4. Prevention

7 R 7 B. Aspiration Pneumonia 1. Nursing care management C. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (adult) ARDS 1. Prognosis D. Smoke Inhalation Injury 1. Therapeutic management 2. Nursing care management E. Passive Smoking 1. Nursing care management III. Long Term Respiratory Dysfunction A. Asthma 1. Etiology 2. Pathophysiology 3. Diagnostic evaluation 4. Therapeutic management i. Allergen control i iv. Drug threrapy Leukotriene control Exercise v. Chest physiotherapy vi. Hyposensitization R 8

8 v vi Prognosis Status asthmaticus 5. Nursing care management i. Assessment i iv. Nursing diagnosis Planning Implementation a. Avoid allergens b. Provide asthma care c. Support child and family v. Evaluation B. Cystic Fibrosis 1. Etiology 2. Pathophysiology 3. Diagnostic evaluation 4. Therapeutic management i. Management of pulmonary problems Management of gastrointestinal problems 5. Prognosis 6. Screening 7. Nursing care management R 9 i. Hospital care

9 i Home care Family support IV. Respiratory Emergencies A. Respiratory Failure 1. Diagnostic evaluation 2. Therapeutic management a. Artificial ventilation 3. Nursing care management B. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 1. Resuscitation procedure a. Chest compression b. Medications C. Airway Obstruction 1. Infants 2. Children SUPPLEMENTARY RESOURCES Study Guide: Chapter 46 Electronic Images: CD Companion: Critical Thinking Exercise Cystic Fibrosis Inheritance Risks Case Studies Asthma; Cystic Fibrosis Anatomy Reviews Location of Retractions; Location of Tonsillar Masses R 10 Nursing Care Plans The Child with Acute Respiratory Infection; The Child with

10 Asthma NCLEX Review Questions Evolve Website: Case Studies Acute Epiglottitis; Bronchiolitis; Cystic Fibrosis; Tonsillitis NCLEX Review Questions