CLINICAL PRIVILEGE WHITE PAPER

Transcription

1 Practice area 160 CLINICAL PRIVILEGE WHITE PAPER Background Hand surgery The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) define hand surgery as a surgical subspecialty focused on congenital and acquired defects of the hand and wrist that compromise the function of the hand. Many hand surgeons are also experts in diagnosing and caring for shoulder and elbow problems. Hand surgeons generally orthopedic, plastic, or general surgeons who have additional training in surgery of the hand typically provide the following care and services to patients: Immediate care for hand injuries Certain hand reconstructions Treatment for congenital problems, arthritis, infections, and new growths and tumors Treatment for nerve compression syndromes and swelling of tendons Reattachment of amputated parts with the use of microsurgical techniques Hand surgery is a subspecialty of orthopedic, plastic, and general surgery. Within this multidisciplinary field there are few criteria to use as a guide in determining which type of surgeon performs which surgical procedures. For example, at some hospitals, orthopedic and plastic surgeons treat many of the same problems (e.g., injured tendons, nerves, and ligaments), although plastic surgeons are more likely to treat skin injuries and burns to the hand. Orthopedic surgeons frequently handle injuries to bony structures. At other hospitals, hand surgeons with plastic surgery backgrounds work within orthopedic departments, and vice versa. The boundary between orthopedics and plastic surgery with regard to hand surgery is blurred. Certification in hand surgery requires a one-year specialty training program. Completion of an accredited program in orthopedic, plastic, or general surgery is a prerequisite to specialized hand surgery training. A Subspecialty Certificate in Surgery of the Hand (formerly known as a Certificate of Added Qualifications in Surgery of the Hand) is available through the Joint Committee on Surgery of the Hand of the American Board of Plastic Surgery (ABPS), the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS), and the American Board of Surgery (ABS). A Certificate of Added Qualifications (CAQ) in hand surgery is also available through the American Osteopathic Board of Orthopedic Surgery (AOBOS). The written examinations for both certification paths consist of multiple-choice questions designed to evaluate the candidate s cognitive knowledge of clinical hand surgery and the basic science relevant to hand surgery. Subspecialty certification in hand surgery is intended to be voluntary and is not the only criterion in defining eligibility for hand surgery privileges. A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12

2 Related white papers: Clinical Privilege White Paper, General surgery Practice area 161 Clinical Privilege White Paper, Plastic surgery Practice area 157 Clinical Privilege White Paper, Orthopedic surgery Practice area 149 Involved specialties Hand surgeons, orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, and general surgeons Positions of specialty boards ABPS/ABOS/ABS Candidates for certification in hand surgery may sit for the Subspecialty Certificate in Surgery of the Hand examination offered by the Joint Committee on Surgery of the Hand of the ABPS, the ABOS, and the ABS. An applicant may enter the examination process only through one certifying board and may not apply to a different board for additional examination opportunities. Applicants must: Be a diplomate of the ABPS, ABOS, or ABS, and have been in active practice of surgery of the hand for at least two years in the same location following the completion of any formal education. Have a currently registered, full, and unrestricted license to practice medicine in the United States, a United States jurisdiction, or a Canadian province, or be engaged in full-time practice in the U.S. federal government, for which licensure is not required. Demonstrate professional competence and adherence to acceptable ethical and professional standards. Be actively engaged in the practice of surgery of the hand as indicated by holding full operating privileges in a hospital or surgery center approved by The Joint Commission. Have satisfactorily completed a one-year fellowship in surgery of the hand that is accredited by the ACGME. Pass all examinations prescribed by the Joint Committee on Surgery of the Hand of the ABPS, the ABOS, and the ABS. Submit lists of cases of surgery of the hand managed during a consecutive 12-month period within the two years preceding application. Surgery of the hand includes only those procedures performed on the upper extremity distal to the elbow. The case list must include at least 125 cases fulfilling at least six of the following categories: Bone and joint (20) Nerve (20) Tendon and muscle (20) Skin and wound problems (14) Contracture and joint stiffness (10) Tumor (10) 2 A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12

3 Congenital (3) Microvascular (3) Nonoperative (6) The numbers listed above indicate the minimum number of cases to qualify a category as one of the required six categories. Nonoperative cases are those that require significant evaluation, such as pain problems. Nonoperative cases must be documented with consultation reports. No more than six nonoperative cases may be counted toward the total case list of 125. In the category of bone and joint, no fractures proximal to the wrist joint may be included in the total case list of 125. In the category of nerve, no more than five cases of carpal tunnel syndrome may be included. In the category of tendon and muscle, no more than five cases of trigger finger may be included. In the category of tumor, no more than five cases of ganglion may be included. Subspecialization in hand surgery requires at least one year of education, endorsement by the program director, peer review, documented experience in a minimum number of hand surgery cases of specified types of problems, and a written examination on hand surgery. Certification is valid for 10 years and requires a recertification process at the end of the 10 years. Candidates who do not fulfill the practice requirements may petition the credentials committee of the specialty board for individual consideration. This consideration will take into account other contributions and dedication to the discipline of surgery of the hand, such as teaching, publication, administration, and research. AOBOS To be eligible for the CAQ examination in hand surgery from the AOBOS, applicants must meet the following minimum requirements: Be a graduate of an AOA-accredited college of osteopathic medicine Hold an unrestricted license to practice in the state or territory where his or her practice is conducted Show evidence of conformity to the standards set in the Code of Ethics of the AOA Have been a member in good standing of the AOA for a period of at least two years immediately prior to application for the CAQ Have been previously certified in orthopedic surgery either by the American Osteopathic Board of Surgery (prior to July 1, 1979) or the AOBOS (after July 1, 1979); or have been previously certified in general surgery or plastic surgery by the American Osteopathic Board of Surgery Currently practice greater than half of his or her total caseload in operative hand surgery Submit a log of surgical cases with a minimum of 125 major cases in a consecutive 12-month period in the last three years A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12 3

4 Have successfully completed a six-month (prior to January 1, 1990) or oneyear (after January 1, 1990) post-residency hand fellowship Have a letter from the AOA granting approval of hand fellowship program/ training and stating that the program is complete Positions of societies, academies, colleges, and associations ASPS In its statement on delineation of clinical privileges, the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS) states that plastic surgeons certified by the ABPS are eligible to perform the following hand surgery procedures: Surgery of the hand and extremities, including: Soft-tissue wounds and congenital abnormalities of the hand and upper extremity fractures and congenital abnormalities of the bones of the hand, wrist, and distal forearm Carpal tunnel syndrome (endoscopic and open) Dupuytren s contracture Surgery for rheumatoid arthritis Tumors of the bones and soft tissues Reconstructive microsurgery, including: Microvascular flaps and grafts Replantation and revascularization of the upper and lower extremities and digits Reconstruction of peripheral nerve injuries According to the ASPS, subspecialty certification in surgery of the hand provides board-certified surgeons a way to highlight their interest in hand surgery. Currently, hand surgery is the only area in which plastic surgeons certified by the ABPS may obtain a subspecialty certificate. Further, treatment and management of hand diseases and trauma are considered an integral part of the core curriculum in plastic surgery residency training. AAOS The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) publishes a position paper, Delineation of Clinical Privileges in Orthopaedic Surgery, which states that decisions regarding the granting of clinical privileges should be based on a thorough consideration of each individual s qualifications rather than his or her identification with a specific profession. The AAOS notes that training in orthopedic surgery includes the preservation, investigation, and restoration of the form and function of the extremities, spine, and associated structures by medical, surgical, and physical means. Orthopedic surgeons who have successfully completed a residency program accredited by the ACGME have met educational requirements in the areas of diagnosis and care of disorders affecting the bones, joints, and soft tissues of the upper and 4 A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12

5 lower extremities, including the hand and foot; the entire spine, specifically including intervertebral disks; and the bony pelvis. Further, orthopedic education includes experience with all patient age groups; acute and chronic care; related clinical subjects including musculoskeletal imaging procedures; use and interpretation of clinical laboratory tests; use of prosthetics, orthotics, physical modalities and exercises; treatment of certain neurological and rheumatological disorders; and administration of local, re gional, or spinal anesthesia. ACS The American College of Surgeons (ACS) does not take a specific position regarding the granting of clinical privileges for hand surgery. However, in its Statement on Certificates of Special or Added Qualifications, the ACS states that all surgeons who are certified by a surgical specialty board are qualified to practice in the areas defined by that board if they so desire and if they demonstrate the capability to do so. While certificates of special or added qualifications are designed to recognize specialists who have acquired further education and training in a narrower discipline within that specialty, the existence of such certificates does not imply that a specialist who does not hold them should be excluded from areas of practice that are considered to be within the realm of the specialty as defined by the primary board. Therefore, the granting of surgical privileges should be based upon the surgeon s record of training, experience, and demonstrated performance in the areas of practice that are associated with the specialty, rather than being focused exclusively upon the holding of a certificate of special or added qualifications. ACGME In its Program Requirements for Graduate Medical Education in Hand Surgery, the ACGME states that a subspecialty program in hand surgery must provide experience in: Repair, resection, and reconstruction of defects of form and function of the hand The design, construction, and transfer of flaps and the transplantation of tissues, including microsurgery of multiple tissues Surgical and ancillary methods of treatment of tumors Management of complex wounds The use of alloplastic materials Fellows must be able to provide patient care that is compassionate, appropriate, and effective for the treatment of health problems and the promotion of health and must demonstrate knowledge of established and evolving biomedical, clinical, epidemiological, and social-behavioral sciences, as well as the application of this knowledge to patient care. As such, fellows must be provided with education in: A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12 5

6 Surgical design Surgical diagnosis Embryology Surgical anatomy Surgical physiology and pathology Pharmacology Wound healing Microbiology Adjunctive oncological therapy Biomechanics Hand therapy and rehabilitation Surgical instrumentation Because judgment and technical capability to achieve satisfactory surgical results are mandatory qualities for the hand surgeon, education should also be provided in the following areas: Wound closure, including skin grafts, tissue flaps (local, regional, and distant), and free microvascular tissue transfer Fingertip injuries Tenorrhaphy, including flexor tendon repair and graft, implantation of tendon spacer, extensor tendon repair, and tenolysis/tenodesis Tendon transfer and tendon balancing Nerve repair and reconstruction, including upper extremity peripheral nerves, nerve graft, neurolysis, neuroma management, and nerve decompression and transposition Management of fractures and dislocations, including phalangeal or metacarpal with and without internal fixation; carpus, radius, and ulna with and without internal fixation; and injuries to joints and ligaments Bone grafts and corrective osteotomies Joint and tendon sheath repairs, including release of contracture, synovectomy, arthroplasty with and without implant, arthrodesis, trigger finger release, and stiff joints that result from rheumatoid or other injury management of arthritis, including synovectomy, arthroplasty (with and without implant), arthrodesis; joint repair and reconstruction, including contracture release and management of stiff joints; tendon sheath release Thumb reconstruction, including pollicization, toe-hand transfer, and thumb metacarpal lengthening Osteonecrosis, including Kienbock s disease Tumors (benign and malignant) Dupuytren s disease Replantation and revascularization Amputations Fasciotomy, deep incision and drainage for infection, and wound debridement Congenital deformities, including syndactyly, polydactyly, radial aplasia, and others 6 A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12

7 Management of upper extremity vascular disorders and insufficiencies Foreign body and implant removal Thermal injuries Rehabilitation and therapy Arthroscopy Upper extremity pain management AOA In conjunction with the American Osteopathic Academy of Orthopedics, the AOA publishes its Basic Standards for Osteopathic Subspecialty Residency Training in Hand Surgery. The AOA states that the educational program should provide experience in the repair, resection, and reconstruction of defects of form and function of all aspects of the hand and includes training in the management of problems involving: Bone and joints Tendons Ligaments Muscles Nerves Blood vessels Skin With regard to clinical experience, residents must be provided a broad spectrum of exposure in all areas of hand surgery. This requires a variety of cases and a minimum of 250 cases per resident in: Adult and pediatric hand surgery, with training in repair and reconstruction in bone and joint problems All extremity soft tissue structures including skin (all types of grafts and coverage), tendons, ligaments, muscle, nerves, and blood vessels Residents must have a comprehensive and organized course of study to include reading, research, and conference attendance. All sciences related to hand surgery should be covered, including: Anatomy Physiology Pathology Genetics and congenital problems Microbiology Pharmacology Positions of accreditation bodies CMS CMS has no formal position concerning the delineation of privileges for hand surgery. However, the CMS Conditions of Participation (CoP) define a requirement for a A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12 7

8 criteria-based privileging process in (c)(6) stating, The bylaws must include criteria for determining the privileges to be granted to individual practitioners and a procedure for applying the criteria to individuals requesting privileges (a)(6) states, The governing body must assure that the medical staff bylaws describe the privileging pro cess. The process articulated in the bylaws, rules or regula tions must include criteria for determining the privileges that may be granted to individual practitioners and a procedure for applying the criteria to individual practitioners that considers: Individual character Individual competence Individual training Individual experience Individual judgment The governing body must ensure that the hospital s bylaws governing medical staff membership or the granting of privileges apply equally to all practitioners in each professional category of practitioners. Specific privileges must reflect activi ties that the majority of prac titioners in that category can perform competently and that the hospital can support. Privileges are not granted for tasks, procedures, or activities that are not conducted within the hospital, regardless of the practitioner s ability to perform them. Each practitioner must be individually evaluated for requested privileges. It cannot be assumed that every practitioner can perform every task, activity, or privilege specific to a specialty, nor can it be assumed that the practitioner should be automatically granted the full range of privileges. The individual practitioner s ability to perform each task, activity, or privilege must be individually assessed. CMS also requires that the organization have a process to ensure that practitioners granted privileges are work ing within the scope of those privileges. CMS CoP includes the need for a periodic appraisal of practitioners appointed to the medical staff/granted medical staff privileges ( [a][1]). In the absence of a state law that establishes a time frame for the periodic appraisal, CMS recommends that an appraisal be conducted at least every 24 months. The purpose of the periodic appraisal is to determine whether clinical privileges or membership should be continued, discontinued, revised, or otherwise changed. The Joint Commission The Joint Commission has no formal position concerning the delineation of privileges for hand surgery. However, in its Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Hospitals, The Joint Commission states, The hospital collects information 8 A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12

9 regarding each practitioner s current license status, training, experience, competence, and ability to perform the requested privilege (MS ). In the introduction for MS , The Joint Commission states that there must be a reliable and consistent system in place to process applications and verify credentials. The organized medical staff must then review and evaluate the data collected. The resultant privilege recommendations to the governing body are based on the assessment of the data. The Joint Commission introduces MS by stating, The organized medical staff is respon sible for planning and implementing a privileging process. It goes on to state that this process typically includes: Developing and approving a pro cedures list Processing the application Evaluating applicant-specific information Submitting recommendations to the governing body for applicant-specific delineated privileges Notifying the applicant, relevant personnel, and, as required by law, external entities of the privi leging decision Monitoring the use of privileges and quality-of-care issues MS further states, The decision to grant or deny a privilege(s) and/or to renew an existing privilege(s) is an objective, evidence-based process. The EPs for standard MS include several requirements as follows: The need for all licensed independent practitioners who provide care, treatment, and services to have a current license, certification, or registration, as required by law and regulation Established criteria as recommended by the organized medical staff and approved by the governing body with specific evaluation of current licensure and/or certification, specific relevant training, evidence of physical ability, professional practice review data from the applicant s current organization, peer and/or faculty recommendation, and a review of the practitioner s performance within the hospital (for renewal of privileges Consistent application of criteria A clearly defined (documented) procedure for processing clinical privilege requests that is approved by the organized medical staff Documentation and confirmation of the applicant s statement that no health problems exist that would affect his or her ability to perform privileges requested A query of the NPDB for initial privileges, renewal of privileges, and when a new privilege is requested Written peer recommendations that address the practitioner s current medical/clinical knowledge, technical and clinical skills, clinical judgment, interpersonal skills, communication skills, and professionalism A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12 9

10 A list of specific challenges or concerns that the organized medical staff must evaluate prior to recommending privileges (MS , EP 9) A process to determine whether there is sufficient clinical performance information to make a decision related to privileges A decision (action) on the completed application for privileges that occurs within the time period specified in the organization s medical staff bylaws Information regarding any changes to practitioners clinical privileges, up dated as they occur The Joint Commission further states, The organized medical staff reviews and analyzes information regarding each requesting practitioner s current licensure status, training, experience, current competence, and ability to perform the requested privilege (MS ). In the EPs for standard MS , The Joint Commission states that the information review and analysis process is clearly defined and that the decision process must be timely. The organization, based on recommendations by the organized medical staff and approval by the governing body, develops criteria that will be considered in the decision to grant, limit, or deny a request for privileges. The criteria must be consistently applied and directly relate to the quality of care, treatment, and services. Ultimately, the governing body or delegated governing body has the final authority for granting, renewing, or denying clinical privileges. Privileges may not be granted for a period beyond two years. Criteria that determine a practitioner s ability to provide patient care, treatment, and services within the scope of the privilege(s) requested are consistently evaluated. The Joint Commission further states, Ongoing professional practice evaluation information is factored into the decision to maintain existing privilege(s), to revise existing privileges, or to revoke an existing privilege prior to or at the time of renewal (MS ). In the EPs for MS , The Joint Commission says there is a clearly defined process facilitating the evaluation of each practitioner s professional practice, in which the type of information collected is determined by individual departments and approved by the organized medical staff. Information resulting from the ongoing professional practice evaluation is used to determine whether to continue, limit, or revoke any existing privilege. HFAP The Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program (HFAP) has no formal position concerning the delineation of privileges for hand surgery. The bylaws must include the criteria for determining the privileges to be granted to the individual practitioners and the procedure for applying the criteria to individuals requesting 10 A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12

11 privileges ( ). Privileges are granted based on the medical staff s review of an individual practitioner s qualifications and its recommendation regarding that individual practitioner to the governing body. It is also required that the organization have a process to ensure that practitioners granted privileges are working within the scope of those privileges. Privileges must be granted within the capabilities of the facility. For example, if an organization is not capable of performing open-heart surgery, no physician should be granted that privilege. In the explanation for standard related to membership selection criteria, HFAP states, Basic criteria listed in the bylaws, or the credentials manual, include the items listed in this standard. (Emphasis is placed on training and competence in the requested privileges.) The bylaws also define the mechanisms by which the clinical departments, if applicable, or the medical staff as a whole establish criteria for specific privilege delineation. Periodic appraisals of the suitability for membership and clinical privileges is required to determine whether the individual practitioner s clinical privileges should be approved, continued, discontinued, revised, or otherwise changed ( ). The appraisals are to be conducted at least every 24 months. The medical staff is accountable to the governing body for the quality of medical care provided, and quality assessment and performance improvement ( ) information must be used in the process of evaluating and acting on re-privileging and reappointment requests from members and other credentialed staff. DNV DNV has no formal position concerning the delineation of privileges for hand surgery. MS.12 Standard Requirement (SR) #1 states, The medical staff bylaws shall include criteria for determining the privileges to be granted to individual practitioners and a procedure for applying the criteria to those individuals that request privileges. The governing body shall ensure that under no circumstances is medical staff membership or professional privileges in the organization dependent solely upon certification, fellowship, or membership in a specialty body or society. Regarding the Medical Staff Standards related to Clinical Privileges (MS.12), DNV requires specific provisions within the medical staff bylaws for: The consideration of automatic suspension of clinical privileges in the following circumstances: revocation/restriction of licensure; revocation, A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12 11

12 suspension, or probation of a DEA license; failure to maintain professional liability insurance as specified; and noncompliance with written medical record delinquency/deficiency requirements Immediate and automatic suspension of clinical privileges due to the termination or revocation of the practitioner s Medicare/Medicaid status Fair hearing and appeal The Interpretive Guidelines also state that core privileges for general surgery and surgical subspecialties are acceptable as long as the core is properly defined. DNV also requires a mechanism (outlined in the bylaws) to ensure that all individuals provide services only within the scope of privileges granted (MS.12, SR.4). Clinical privileges (and appointments or reappointments) are for a period as defined by state law or, if permitted by state law, not to exceed three years (MS.12, SR.2). Individual practitioner performance data must be measured, utilized, and evaluated as a part of the decision-making for appointment and reappointment. Although not specifically stated, this would apply to the individual practitioner s respective delineation of privilege requests. CRC draft criteria The following draft criteria are intended to serve solely as a starting point for the development of an institution s policy regarding this practice area. The core privileges and accompanying procedure list are not meant to be all-encompassing. They define the types of activities, procedures, and privileges that the majority of practitioners in this specialty perform. Additionally, it cannot be expected or required that practitioners perform every procedure listed. Instruct practitioners that they may strikethrough or delete any procedures they do not wish to request. Minimum threshold criteria for requesting privileges in hand surgery Basic education: MD or DO Minimal formal training: Successful completion of an ACGME- or AOA-accredited residency in general, orthopedic, or plastic surgery and successful completion of an accredited fellowship in surgery of the hand and/or current subspecialty certification in surgery of the hand or active participation in the examination process (with achievement of certification within [n] years) lead ing to subspecialty certification in surgery of the hand by the ABS or the ABPS or completion of a CAQ in surgery of the hand by the ABOS or in hand surgery by the AOBOS. Required current experience: At least 50 surgical procedures on the internal structures of the hand and related structures, reflective of the scope of privileges 12 A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12

13 requested, during the past 12 months or successful completion of an ACGMEor AOA-accredited residency or clinical fellowship within the past 12 months. References If the applicant is recently trained, a letter of reference should come from the director of the applicant s training program. Alternatively, a letter of reference may come from the applicable department chair and/or clinical service chief at the facility where the applicant most recently practiced. Core privileges in hand surgery Core privileges for hand surgery include the ability to admit, evaluate, diagnose, treat, and provide consultation (includes investigation, preservation, and restoration) to patients of all ages by medical, surgical, and rehabilitative means of all structures of the upper extremity directly affecting the form and function of the hand and wrist. Physicians may provide care to patients in the intensive care setting in conformance with unit policies. They may also assess, stabilize, and determine the disposition of patients with emergent conditions consistent with medical staff policy regarding emergency and consultative call services. The core privileges in this specialty include the procedures on the following procedures list and such other procedures that are extensions of the same techniques and skills. Performance of history and physical exam Wound closure, including skin grafts, tissue flaps (local, regional, and distant), and free microvascular tissue transfer Management of fingertip injuries Tenorrhaphy, including flexor tendon repair and graft, implantation of tendon spacer, extensor tendon repair, and tenolysis/tenodesis Tendon transfer and balancing Nerve repair and reconstruction, including upper extremity peripheral nerves, nerve graft, neurolysis, neuroma management, and nerve decompression and transposition Management of fractures and dislocations, including phalangeal or metacarpal, with and without internal fixation; carpus, radius, and ulna with and without internal fixation; and injuries to joints and ligaments Bone grafts and corrective osteotomies Joint and tendon sheath repairs, including release of contracture, synovec tomy, arthroplasty with and without implant, arthrodesis, trigger finger release, and stiff joints that result from rheumatoid arthritis or other injury management of arthritis Joint repair and reconstruction, including contracture release and management of stiff joints Tendon sheath release Thumb reconstruction, including pollicization, toe-hand transfer, and thumb metacarpal lengthening Osteonecrosis, including Kinebock s disease Management of tumors of the bone and soft tissue A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12 13

14 Dupuytren s contracture Replantation and revascularization Amputation (related to hand/upper extremity) Fasciotomy, deep incision and drainage for infection, and wound debridement Management of congenital deformities, including syndactyly, polydactyly, radial aplasia, and others Management of upper extremity vascular disorders and insufficiencies Foreign body and implant removal Treatment of thermal injuries Arthroscopy Upper extremity pain management Special noncore privileges in hand surgery If desired, noncore privileges are requested individually in addition to requesting the core. Each individual requesting noncore privileges must meet the specific threshold criteria governing the exercise of the privilege requested, including training, required previous experience, and maintenance of clinical competence. Noncore privileges include use of laser and administration of sedation and analgesia. Reappointment Reappointment should be based on unbiased, objective results of care according to a hospital s quality assurance mechanism. To be eligible to renew privileges in surgery of the hand, the applicant must have current demonstrated competence and an adequate volume of experience (100 surgical procedures) with acceptable results, reflective of the scope of privileges requested, for the past 24 months based on results of ongoing professional practice evaluation and outcomes. Evidence of current physical and mental ability to perform privileges requested is required of all applicants for renewal of privileges. In addition, continuing education related to hand surgery should be required. For more information Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education 515 North State Street, Suite 2000 Chicago, IL Telephone: 312/ Fax: 312/ Website: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 6300 North River Road Rosemont, IL A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12

15 Telephone: 847/ Fax: 847/ Website: American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery 400 Silver Cedar Court Chapel Hill, NC Telephone: 919/ Fax: 919/ Website: American Board of Plastic Surgery Seven Penn Center, Suite Market Street Philadelphia, PA Telephone: 215/ Website: American Board of Surgery 1617 John F. Kennedy Boulevard, Suite 860 Philadelphia, PA Telephone: 215/ Fax: 215/ Website: American College of Surgeons 633 North Saint Clair Street Chicago, IL Telephone: 312/ Fax: 312/ Website: American Osteopathic Association 142 East Ontario Street Chicago, IL Telephone: 312/ Fax: 312/ Website: American Osteopathic Board of Orthopedic Surgery 800 Military Street, Suite 307 Port Huron, MI Telephone: 877/ Website: A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12 15

16 American Society of Plastic Surgeons 444 East Algonquin Road Arlington Heights, IL Telephone: 847/ Fax: 847/ Website: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 7500 Security Boulevard Baltimore, MD Telephone: 877/ Website: DNV Healthcare, Inc Ravello Drive Katy, TX Telephone: 281/ Website: Healthcare Facilities Accreditation Program 142 E. Ontario Street Chicago, IL Telephone: 312/ Website: The Joint Commission One Renaissance Boulevard Oakbrook Terrace, IL Telephone: 630/ Fax: 630/ Website: Editorial Advisory Board Clinical Privilege White Papers Associate Editorial Director: Erin Callahan, Managing Editor: Julie McCoy, William J. Carbone Chief Executive Officer American Board of Physician Specialties Atlanta, GA Darrell L. Cass, MD, FACS, FAAP Codirector, Center for Fetal Surgery Texas Children s Hospital Houston, TX Jack Cox, MD Senior Vice President/Chief Quality Officer Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian Newport Beach, CA Stephen H. Hochschuler, MD Cofounder and Chair Texas Back Institute Phoenix, AZ Bruce Lindsay, MD Professor of Medicine Director, Cardiac Electrophysiology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO Sally J. Pelletier, CPCS, CPMSM Director of Credentialing Services The Greeley Company, a division of HCPro, Inc. Danvers, MA Beverly Pybus Senior Consultant The Greeley Company, a division of HCPro, Inc. Danvers, MA Richard A. Sheff, MD Chair and Executive Director The Greeley Company, a division of HCPro, Inc. Danvers, MA The information contained in this document is general. It has been designed and is intended for use by hospitals and their credentials committees in developing their own local approaches and policies for various credentialing issues. This information, including the materials, opinions, and draft criteria set forth herein, should not be adopted for use without careful consideration, discussion, additional research by physicians and counsel in local settings, and adaptation to local needs. The Credentialing Resource Center does not provide legal or clinical advice; for such advice, the counsel of competent individuals in these fields must be obtained. Reproduction in any form outside the recipient s institution is forbidden without prior written permission. Copyright 2012 HCPro, Inc., Danvers, MA A supplement to Credentialing Resource Center Journal 781/ /12