Wartime Nurse Heroes Recognition. Special Session Sigma Theta Tau International November 10, 2015
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1 Wartime Nurse Heroes Recognition Special Session Sigma Theta Tau International November 10, 2015
2 Presenters William Campbell, Ed.D, MSN, RN (Salisbury University, MD) Evelyn Hayes, PhD, MPH, RN, FNP-BC (University of Delaware) Colonel (Ret), USAR, Army Nurse Corps Doris Dee Lippman, Ed.D, MeD, BSN, APRN-BC, FAAN (Faculty Emeritus, Fairfield University, CT) Captain (Ret), U.S. Army, Army Nurse Corps
3 When you cease to honor your heroes, you cease to produce them. October 23, 1912 Dedication Olustee Battlefield Monument Florida, USA
4 History Need for recognition Resolutions, 2011, 2013 Taskforce Call November 2013 Wartime Nurse Heroes Task Force (WNHTF) Recommendations
5 WNHTF Other Taskforce Members: Chair: Patricia D Antonio, PhD, MSN, RN, FAAN (University of Pennsylvania) Christine Hallett, PhD (U. of Manchester, UK) Thelma Sword, EdD, RN (Faculty Emeritus, Graceland University, MO) Dorette Dee Welk, PhD, RN (Bloomsburg U., PA) Kelly Wolgast, DNP, RN, FACHE, FAAN (Vanderbilt U., TN) Colonel (Ret), U.S. Army Board Liaison: Thóra Hafsteinsdóttir, PhD, RN, (University of Utrecht, Netherlands), STTI Director Staff Liaison: Kimberly Thompson, MLS, Manager, Virginia Henderson Global Nursing e-repository
6 Taskforce Charge from BOD or Outcomes: 1. Identify ways to recognize nurses who have served their country through military service. 2. Recommend ways to share their stories with STTI members throughout the biennium.
7 Early Discussions Definition of nurse Definition of hero Definition of wartime Rename taskforce MNRTF Military Nurse Recognition Taskforce Who, scope, size, limits?
8 12 Recommendations Recognition at the 43 rd Biennial Convention Add military status to renewal form Collection of nominees and their stories e-repository - Virginia Henderson Global Nursing Dissemination Wall of Fame, Honor Roll, loop Special Session Abstract Acceptance
9 Global Call to Action Serve locally, transform regionally, lead globally
10 Call for Nominees US nominees selection by the presenters Julie Jones, Chair RCCC, and Regional Coordinators Europe Asia Oceania Africa Latin America The committee members searched for nominees Africa under-represented call by Pres Klopper The silent profession Power in numbers, but must have power in voices
11 RECOGNITION OF WARTIME NURSE HEROES By The Wartime Nurse Heroes Taskforce (WNHTF, )
12 Early Nurse Hero, U.K. Florence Nightingale ( ) 1 st nurse hero Crimean War Fought parents, public opinion, military, doctors, diseases Defined a profession Only 12 of her 38 nurses survived Florence sick for the rest of her life with Brucellosis Bust in Florence Nightingale Museum, London Photo by W. Campbell
13 Early Nurse Hero, U.S. Clara Barton ( ) American Civil War nurse Frequently risked her life on the battlefield Missing Soldiers Office Andersonville American Red Cross Public Domain
14 Early Nurse Hero, U.S. Louisa May Alcott ( ) Hospital nurse during the American Civil War Contracted typhoid Almost died Treated with mercury Father rescued her Her supervisor, Hannah Ropes, died of typhoid Public Domain
15 Early Nurse Hero, North America National Museum of the Confederacy Richmond, VA Sally Tompkins ( ) Robertson Hospital in Richmond, VA Excellent patient outcomes Due for closure Commissioned as a Captain in the Confederate States Army Richmond under siege, shelled, burnt, and evacuated
16 20 th Century WWI US Nurses First as Red Cross Volunteers even before US entered the war Later as US Army Nurse Corps First time that large numbers of female nurses were on or near the front lines Nurses were battle causalities Influenza pandemic Photograph by presenter W. Campbell, Poster from his personal collection
17 20 th Century WWII US Nurses Angels of Bataan US Gov t photo, Public Domain at ewsletters.html 99 US nurses trapped in the Philippines Japanese attacked In Manila, unprotected and evacuated Then in jungles of Bataan Then in tunnels of Corregidor, surrendered Then in internment camps as POWs, starvation 3 yr ordeal before rescue An example to the men
18 Global Nominees Dr. Evelyn Hayes Colonel (Ret), USAR, Army Nurse Corps
19 Nurse Hero, Europe Edith Cavell, (nominated by Rho Chi at large chapter) Nurse training at London Hospital; worked Shoreditch Infirmary; matron at new nursing school, The Berkendael Medical Institute, Brussels Pioneer of modern nursing in Belgium Public Domain
20 Nurse Hero, Europe WWI: Cavell funneled soldiers from Belgium to neutral Netherlands Wounded soldiers and civilians of military age (British and French) hidden from Germans Arrested on 3 August 1915, charged, and held in prison Penalty was death (German military law)
21 Nurse Hero, Europe Patriotism is not enough. I must have no hatred or bitterness towards anyone Cavell executed, 7am 12 October Prominent British female casualty of WWI Calendar of Saints, Commemoration of Cavell is 12 October. Cavell featured on centenary coin.
22 Nurse Hero, Europe Nellie Spindler (nominated by Phi Mu chapter) Queen Alexandra s Imperial Nursing Service 44 th Casualty Clearing Station (CCS) 1 st day Battle of Passendale, CSS flooded with wounded Killed in action; age 26 Same day 44 th CSS evacuated to Lijssenthoek Buried next day; still lies there, only woman among 10,800 men. A Noble Type of Good Heroic Womanhood
23 Nurse Hero, Europe Violetta Thurstan ( ) Volunteers lacking in training/preparation Book: Field Hospital and Flying Column Served in Belgium, Russia, Poland, France, & Macedonia Awarded 8 medals including British award for valor Violetta_Thurstan.JPG More invisionzone.com
24 Nurse Heroes, Europe Elsie Knocker (and Mairi Chisholm) Elsie Knocker and Mairi Chisholm in their Wolseley Ambulance, Pervyse... WWI. Save more lives by treating injured soldiers on the front lines Battlefield rescues on Western Front in Belgium Awarded British Military Medal, Officer of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem
25 Nurse Hero, Europe Maud McCarthy ( ) Photo of Matron Chief Emma Maud McCarthy livesofthefirstworldwar.org British Army, Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service Principal matron of War Office WWI to France as Chief Matron Awarded Royal Red Cross First Class with Bar, made Dame of British Empire
26 Nurse Heroes, Asia region Pakistani Polio Vaccination Nurses Note: Photo removed to protect identity of nurse Anger and distrust; vaccine workers murdered by Taliban HCPs caught counterterrorism or humanitarian aid Challenge & new initiatives Self protection A Pakistani health worker marks the finger of an Afghan refugee child after giving her a polio vaccine. Photo by Associated Press.
27 Nurse Heroes, Asia region Turkish Nurses during Cholera Epidemic in Balkan War Epidemic added to sick and wounded soldiers to be treated; mass migration to Istanbul created havoc Red Crescent Society: pivotal role in orientation of Turkish women toward nursing Promote awareness of female nurses via paintings, postcards & stamps 1954 Centenary of Florence Nightingale arrival in Istanbul, birth of modern nursing
28 Nurse Hero, Asia region Nie Yuchan Dean, Peking Medical College School of Nursing Joined the Chinese exodus during the War of Resistance Reopened her School maintaining confidence of nurses both in Free and Occupied China
29 Nurse Hero, Brazil, Latin American & Caribbean region Ana Neri ( ) Triple Alliance in the Paraguayan War Founded nursing home Introduced modern nursing in Brazil First official nursing school named after her (1926) Awarded Silver and Humanitarian Campaign Medals
30 Nurse Hero, Lebanon, Africa region Gladys Mauro Civil war; persistence and survival American Nurse Against All Chaos Spearheaded Magnet journey at American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC); 1 st Magnet facility in Middle East and 1 st shared governance structure hospital International consultant and advisor STTI, Board of Directors,
31 Nurse Hero, Africa region M. G. Makua (nominated by Africa Region) Nurse educator, midwife Deployed by South African National Defense Force Officer and Chief Professional Nurse, Peace Keeping Operation for United Nations in Burundi As trained aviation nurse, responsible for patient evacuation Received United Nations Medal for Peace Keeping Operation
32 Nurse Hero, Africa region Sr. Liz Willson-Chandler (nominated by Africa Region) Wound Healer in humanitarian work Gift of the Givers (GOTG) Smuggled into war zone in Syria Adventurer extraordinaire
33 Nurse Hero, Australia, Oceania region Mary Anne Taylor Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS) Australians wanted to prove themselves to British Empire Decided to go to war (also brother, Jim); sent to Egypt to prepare Turkish rained bullets on Anzac troops (1915); took over amusement park to care for injured
34 Nurse Hero, Australia, Oceania region Alice Ross-King ( ) Casualty Clearing Station near Armenteries (France) bombed by German air attack; horror and carnage followed Service under military fire Earned Military medal for great coolness and devotion to duty Awarded Associate Royal Red Cross
35 Nurse Hero, Australia, Oceania region Vivian Bullwinkel ( ) Australian Army Nursing Service Only survivor in Banka Island massacre; survived for weeks in jungle caring for British soldiers. Forced to surrender and imprisoned Australia s premier nurse war hero Public Domain, Copyright expired
36 Wartime Nurse Heroes Florence Nightingale, Clara Barton, Louisa May Alcott, Sally Tompkins, all Nurses of WWI, all Nurses of WWII, Edith Cavell, Nellie Spindler, Violetta Thurstan, Elsie Knocker, Maud McCarthy, Pakistani Polio Vaccination Nurses, Turkish Nurses in Balkan War, Nie Yuchan, Ana Neri, Gladys Mauro, M. G. Makua, Sr. Liz Willson-Chandler, Mary Anne Taylor, Alice Ross-King, Vivian Bullwinkel, all Nurses of Mexican War, Spanish American War, Korean conflict, Vietnam, the Gulf, Iraq, Afghanistan, Middle East, Syria, the African conflicts, & & &
37 INVISIBILITY INVISIBILITY INVISIBILITY INVISIBILITY INVISIBILITY
38 MY STORY Dr. Dee Lippman Captain (Ret) U.S. Army Army Nurse Corps Vietnam
39 Vietnam Women s Memorial Photograph by presenter W. Campbell
40 Nurse Monuments and Memorials Photos by W. Campbell, presenter
41 They gave their all WWI 138 women lost including at least 138 nurses WWII Korea Vietnam Kuwait 15 0 Iraq/OIF Afghanistan111 3 These represent only U.S. numbers of women & nurses lost, there were many more globally
42 MAY WE NEVER FORGET THE SACRIFICE THAT A FEW MADE FOR MANY
43 Questions Answers or Comments
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