By Marieke Adank (based on Adank and Tuffuor, forthcoming)

Transcription

1 Management models for small town water supply in Ghana By Marieke Adank (based on Adank and Tuffuor, forthcoming) Water and Sanitation Services That Last First Thematic meeting of the RWSN Working Group on Maangement and Support for Rural Water Supplies, 2 October 2012

2 Management model Systems Service level Main service delivery models Service Delivery Models in Ghana Self supply Utility Community Private Community Ownership and Management (COM) Other CM models Intermediate private providers Independent private providers Piped schemes point source Urban Bulk supply High Basis High Basic Basic Basic Basic High Piped scheme Small town bulk water scheme Single towns piped scheme Multi town piped scheme Limited mechanized borehole Hand pump Holding tank with standpipe Holding tank with standpipe Water tanker Utility with PO Direct WATSAN Urban Water Board Recommended: Recommended: Recommended: 2 Water and Sanitation Services That towns Last < October 2012 towns > towns > Management by water vendor Management by ttanker operator

3 Which service delivery model where? Grey area: towns between 20,000 and 50,000 people Few cases of with Private Operator 3

4 lpcd 120 Service level and costs of service 100 design demand GWCL supplied towns maximum design demand CWSA small town system 40 Bolgatanga Wineba minimum design demand CWSA small towns 20 0 Navrongo Hohoe Wa Bawku 3DWSS - 20,000 40,000 60,000 80, , ,000 Population consumption community managed case study towns Consumption selected GWCL managed towns Asiakwa Asesewa Abokobi Pantang Savelugu Bekwai Atebubu 3 districts Tariff (GHC/m3) GWCL lifeline tariff (GHC/m3) 4 EVORAP multi-community, bulk water supply Multiple community with PO with PO

5 Utility Enabling environment Service authority MWRWH/WD GWCL PURC Service provider GUWC Water vendor Reports Money flows Clients 5

6 Direct Enabling environment Authority functions CWSA Regional office MMDA Service provision (Corporate oversight) Monthly transfer of revenues Watsan Daily submission of revenues Service provision (Operations) Operating staff 20% commission Water vendors Reports Monthly water bills Pay as you fetch Money flows (S)Elects representatives Clients with HH connection Standpost clients 6

7 with delegated operations Enabling environment Service authority CWSA Regional office MMDA 15% to replacement and rehabilitation account Service provision (corporate oversight) Service provision (Operations) 5 year O&M contract agreement Reports Money flows (S)Elects representatives 10% to sanitation and hygiene account Private operator O&M account: 75% of revenues Monthly water bills Clients with HH connection Watsan Water vendor (keeps 20% of income) Pay as you fetch Standpost clients 8

8 Enabling environment Utility Direct with PO WD - MWRWH / Universities / NGOs / Private sector / GSB CWSA CWSA Authority functions - Local regulation PURC - Planning and coordination GWCL MMDA MMDA - Direct support Service provision: - Corporate oversight - Operations GUWC Private Operator 9

9 Challenges Direct : lack of clarity of division of oversight and operation functions with PO: Lack of capacity of to oversee operations of Private Operator : Lack of clarity on formal role of WATSANs : Lack of clarity of ownership of assets -> lack of clarity who is responsible for rehabilitation, replacement and expansion : Weak (if not absent) performance regulation of s by local government : Weak (if not absent) direct support by local government 10

10 Conclusions Different models for the of similar schemes, providing similar services, as different prices Challenges remain with clarity and formalization of roles and responsibilities, especially related to service authority and support functions 11