McNeil. Center for. Early. American. Studies. The Moon gives Light In Time of Night. The Cat doth Play. An Eagle's Flight Is Out of Sight

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1 McNeil Center for Early American Studies The Moon gives Light In Time of Night The Cat doth Play And after Slay An Eagle's Flight Is Out of Sight In Adam's Fall We Sinned All Samuel Anoints Whom God Appoints ik ul, PA

3 Explorations in Early American Culture A Supplemental Issue of Pennsylvania History A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies Volume 66 * 1999 Published by the Pennsylvania Historical Association for the McNeil Center for Early American Studies Editors William Pencak, The Pennsylvania State University George W Boudreau, McNeil Center for Early American Studies Editorial Board Richard S. Dunn, The McNeil Center for Early American Studies John M. Murrin, Princeton University Alison Gilbert Olson, University of Maryland Jean R. Soderlund, Lehigh University This volume is supported by a deeply-appreciated grant from the Barra Foundation, Robert L. McNeil, Jr., President Supplemental assistance provided by the Department of History and the Max Kade Institute for German-American Research of the Pennsylvania State University. Covers: Front cover art of t-shirt designed by Fellows at the McNeil Center, Back cover, Benjamin Rush's "Tranquilizer," 1811.

4 2 Explorations in Early American Culture Manuscripts and Reviews The editor invites the submission of articles dealing with the social, intellectual, economic, political, and cultural history of Pennsylvania and the Middle Atlantic region. Articles may reflect investigation of new areas of research or may reflect on past scholarship. Material that is primarily of an antiquarian or genealogical nature will not be considered. Pennsylvania History publishes documents previously unpublished and of interest to students of the Middle Atlantic region. The journal also reviews books dealing primarily with Pennsylvania history or which shed significant light on aspects of the state's past. Manuscripts must be submitted in three copies and should conform with the Chicago Manual ofstyle. Notes should be double-spaced and placed at the end of the manuscript. We encourage submission of manuscripts on discs. Please do not mail your discs until we have accepted your article and indicated corrections to be made. Articles and documents should be sent to the editor: Dr. William Pencak, Department of History, Penn State, University Park, PA News of meetings, projects, exhibits, manuscript collections and related matters should be sent to William Pencak at the address listed above. Send books for review and names of individuals who wish to review for the journal to Dr. John E Bauman, Department of History, California University, California, PA Important Notices If you receive a copy of Pennsylvania History that has been damaged in any way or if pages are missing, please notify Plank's Suburban Press at 2321 Market Street, Camp Hill, PA or call collect (717) Another copy of the magazine will be sent out to you in the next mail. Please notify our business office, Prof John Frantz, Penn State University, 108 Weaver Building, University Park, PA , when you change your address to ensure you continue to receive the journal. Pennsylvania History (ISSN ) is published Winter, Spring, Summer, Autumn and one supplemental issue for $25.00 yearly subscription for individuals, and $30.00 yearly for institutions. It is published by The Pennsylvania Historical Association, Prof. John Frantz-Penn State Univ., 108 Weaver Building, University Park, PA, Second-Class Postage Paid at State College and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER. Send address changes to Pennsylvania Histrr Prof. John Franrz, Penn State Univ., 108 Weaver Building, University Park, PA, The Journal is printed by Plank's Suburban Press, Camp Hill, Pennsylvania.

5 Explorations in Early American Culture A Supplemental Issue of Pennsylvania History A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies Volume Published by the Pennsylvania Historical Association for the McNeil Center for Early American Studies Articles 5 Introduction Richard S. Dunn 8 The 1709 Palatine Migration and the Formation of German Immigrant Identity in London and New York Philip Otterness 24 Violent Crime, Victims, and Society in Pennsylvania, Jack D. Marietta and G. S. Rowe 55 At the Sign of Newton's Head: Astrology and Cosmology in British Colonial New York Sara S. Gronim 86 The Social and Intellectual Origins of Anthony Benezet's Antislavery Radicalism Maurice Jackson 113 Forging a Powerful Engine: Building Theaters and Elites in Post-Revolutionary Boston and Philadelphia Heather Shaw Nathans

6 4 Explorations in Early American Culture 144 "Man Cannot Behold It Without Contemplating Himself": Monkeys, Apes and Human Identity in the Early American Republic Brett Mizelle 174 Women's Labor, Gender Ideology, and Working-Class Households in Early Republic Baltimore Seth Rockman 201 Victim of Seduction or Vicious Woman?: Conception of the Prostitute at the Philadelphia Magdalen Society, Rodney Hessinger 223 Index

Thanks to Prof. Richard L. Garner of the Penn State History Department we may now be reached on

Thanks to Prof. Richard L. Garner of the Penn State History Department we may now be reached on r0! I, tw Ift 3 -. 4 I Publication of Pennsylvania History is made possible by a deeply appreciated grant from the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Raymond Holland provided additional funding