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2 PRESIDENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Moscow, Kremlin To the Participants and Guests of the Review Conference of the Parties 10 the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation 01 Nuclear Weapons I am pleased to welcome all the participants and guests of the Conference. The comprehensive task you are tackling with, related to elaborating a set 01 agreed and feasible measures on the basis of airue balance between the three NPT pillars: non proliferation, disarmament and peaceful uses of atomic energy. is of oulmost importance for ensuring the strategic stability and security. Differing. sometimes polar views on and approaches 10 lh& establishment of a nuclear weapons free world order have been successfully combined within the NPT lor a long time. II is extremely important to raise the level 01 trust in international politics to conlront jointly emerging proliferation challenges and threats, ajleviatinllthem, first of all, on the basis 01 the NPT. This makes this VIII NPT Review Conference ever more relevant. Russia is striving to contribute tangibly to achievin noble objectives 01 the Treaty b consistently lulfilling its provisions. One more illustration of that is the reee ti - ~ - StIiIe -anf "'der st!es lor the Further Reduction and limitation 01 Strategic Offensive Arms. This document vividly demonstrates to the international community the potential of constructive cooperation and opportunities for furthering disarmament. "The peaceful atom- is playing the grow\lxl rol! in. ~tis')'i~energy ~nt\-df,the wo,td.-emporiy. Existing and future nuclear power plants are instrumental to the economic growfw.~ tis.fbtlilionldfpeepllrl AIUQ with that, the NPT States Parties will have to give an adequate response to the proliferation risks related to exercising by States their inalienable rights for peaceful uses of atomic energy. Th. d.,."""~,,.,,,,",~ awolaaily." "1119'" l"'lid!q.one_'i~fie",_ ~qf 1"'/ll'll'_1)I"wa, proved by the ~feorridt bf me WaShinotot~), APf'iI.~-lrtlni'" Wd&:isiMS mabe Mt.'ftvsSil's 'rudy" hid1ts extensive."",","" " Ih" "hfll!' ~II' '!WI "~"I"/"_ ""'~." ~"U,- \W "'l' a<jr1fgej '.io'""'" we 100'" forward 10 closely coopemtllg n Maftn01My'molfern"ltnd plbtner1don'-~st'an'tjtch~' bre ttobpef3bon1n the sphere of the peaceful uses of atomic energy. based on the IAEA safeguards and "tfiltlb PPfJ ~lir1u'jl cycle. I hope that the decisions and initiatives elaboratelf af ~ur 1;"onference wi be tlelpw110 further strengthening nuclear weapons nonproliferation regime and will contribute to broadening the international dialogue in this sphere. I wish you all have fruillul deliberations and further success in improving and strengthening the global nuclear non-proliferation regime. Omitry Medvedev

3 One of the top-priority directions of the Russian Federation activities concerning strategic stability and international security is strengthening of international regime of nonproliferation of nuclear weapons, based on the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). As a member-state of the Treaty and as one of its depositaries, Russia believes that the NPT is the time-proved document, which became one of the pillars of international security system. Nuclear disarmament is one of the priorities described in article VI of the NPT. The Russian Federation strives for the ultimate objective of this process - complete elimination of nuclear weapons, and takes consistent practical steps in this direction. As a result of implementation of several international agreements and unilateral steps Russia has significantly reduced its nuclear arsenal and keeps on moving in this direction. With concrete examples Russia proves fulfillment of its obligations under article VI of the NPT. In accordance with the provisions of the INF Treaty by the end of May 1991 two classes of nuclear arms - intermediate-range and shorterrange missiles - were eliminated ballistic missiles and ground-launched cruise missiles - intermediate-range (having arange capability in excess of 1000 kilometers but not in excess of 5500 kilometers) and shorter-range (having a range capability equal to or in excess of 500 kilometers but not in excess of 1000 kilometers) ones - and 825 launchers for such missiles are totally eliminated. The ban on further production and tests of such missiles was imposed. The Russian Federation completely fulfilled its obligations under the INF Treaty. The main achievement of this Treaty is the transition in the process of nuclear disarmament from general slogans on the necessity to reduce nuclear arsenals to real practical measures for elimination of concrete armaments.

4 Elimination 01 intermediate-range and shorter-range missiles under the INF Treaty '600 '600 "00 "00,,>Xl aoo o ~- ~ -- r ~ Elimination 01 warheads on intermediate-range and shorter-range missiles under the INF Treaty ~ "- ~,,- I '500 ' o "'D-. ~

5 In October 2007 Russia proposed the initiative of imparting aglobal character to the obligations under the INF Treaty. In February 2008 at the Conference on Disarmament Russia presented the draft of Basic elements of international agreement on the elimination of intermediate-range and shorter-range missiles (ground-launched), available for international accession. Russia proposes to look for optimal ways to promote global agreement on such missiles and is ready for constructive dialogue with all interested countries. If this initiative is supported by other countries and elimination of the abovementioned missiles continues, that will be very important contribution in global stability and security. Following the conclusion and subsequent implementation of the INF Treaty, providing for unprecedented standards of transparency and control, the prerequisites for rapid work in other directions of disarmament process were established. It improves elaboration and conclusion of the START which entered into force on December 5,1994, and terminated on December 4, According to the START the Russian Federation undertook the obligations to reduce the number of strategic delivery vehicles up to 1600 and warheads counted for them - up to 6000 in 7 years after its entry into force. Russia completely fulfilled its obligations under the START. On December 5, 2001 (deadline for fulfillment oflhe obligations to reduce the above-mentioned arms under the Treaty). the aggregate number of deployed strategic delivery vehicles -ICBMs, SLBMs and heavy bombers - was reduced up to and the number of warheads counted for them - up to 5518.

6 Another contribution into nuclear disarmament is the SORT signed between Russia and the USA in 2002 in Moscow. In the SORT the obligations of Russia and the USA under Article VI of the NPT were confirmed. In accordance with the SORT provisions, by December 31,2012, Russia and the USA shall reduce the number of their strategic nuclear warheads up to , i.e. three times less in comparison with the limit provided for by the START. The SORT shall terminate when the Treaty between Russia and the USA on measures for the further reduction and limitation of strategic offensive arms enters into force. On April 8, 2010, in Prague the Russian Federation and the United States of America signed the Treaty on Measures forthe Further Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms. The Treaty replaced the Treaty between the USSR and the USA on reduction and limitation of strategic offensive arms (the START) under which the Parties have already fulfilled their obligations. Moreover, with the new Treaty in force the Treaty between Russia and the USA on the Strategic Offensive Reductions (the SORT) of May 24, 2002, will be ceased to be in force as well. In full accordance with the spirit and letter of the NPT the new Treaty provides for significant reduction of strategic offensive arms so that seven years after entry into force of this Treaty and thereafter their aggregate numbers shall not exceed: 700, for deployed intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), deployed submarine launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs), and deployed heavy bombers; 800, for deployed and non-deployed launchers of ICBM and SLBM, as well as for heavy bombers; 1550, for warheads on deployed ICBMs, SLBMs and heavy bombers. Thus Russia and the USA shall reduce by one third the aggregate number of warheads and more than by half the aggregate limit of strategic delivery vehicles. The Treaty covers all existing (both in-service and retired) strategic systems, as well as non-nuclear strategic offensive weapons should they be developed.

7 The inextricable interrelationship between the strategic offensive and strategic defensive arms and ban on basing strategic offensive arms beyond national territories are reflected in the Treaty. The verification mechanism substantially updated to reflect existing realities and new strategic relations between Russia and the USA guarantees control of elimination process. The Treaty shall remain in force for ten years. Progress in reduction of strategic nuclear delivery vehicles and nuclear warheads under the START, the SORT and the Treaty on measures for the further reduction and limitation of strategic offensive arms START-1 TSOR Treaty between Russia and USA on ( ) - ( ) - subsequent strategic offensive arms,-----j reduction and control --;,q ~,--( ) Actual quantity of nuclear weapons Actual quantity of nuclear delivery weapons c:::::::::j Level of nuclear weapons reduction level of nuclear delivery weapons reduction

8 As a result of unilateral initiatives declared in the statements of the USSR President dated October 5, 1991, and the Russian Federation President dated January 29, 1992, the Russian arsenal of nonstrategic nuclear weapons is reduced four times in comparison with the USSR arsenal. Dynamics of reduction of non-strategic nuclear weapons 1 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,_ 0,3 0,2 0,1 oil f' c USSR 1991 Russia 2010 All Russian non-strategic nuclear weapons are concentrated in centralized storage bases exclusively ob the national territory.

9 The Russian Federation attaches great importance to the comprehensive nuclear tests ban. Since October 1990 the Russian Federation has not exploded a single nuclear bomb. Russia was one of the first countries that in September 1996 signed the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) and in June 2000 completed its ratification procedure. Russia actively support worldwide efforts aimed at bringing the Treaty into force. Comprehensive nuclear test ban policy Russi, ratified CTBT

10 Results and Prospects The Russian Federation intends to make significant contribution to the 2010 NPT Review Conference and came up not only with declarations of intent but with actual results in reduction and control over nuclear weapons as well as with the intention to continue this process in future.