Photographs by Dennis Steele. 90 ARMY September 2012
|
|
- Elisabeth Chandler
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 90 ARMY September 2012 Photographs by Dennis Steele
2 Antietam at 150 By BG John S. Brown U.S. Army retired September 17 marks the 150th anniversary of the Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest single day in American history. The battlefield, not far from Washington, D.C., still retains much of its original character. The campaign remains a case study in operational maneuver and the battle a testimony to courage under fire. September 2012 ARMY 91
3 The Lower Bridge spans Antietam Creek on Antietam National Battlefield, Md. Today it is referred to as Burnside s Bridge for MG Ambrose E. Burnside, whose corps finally advanced across it after being blocked by about 500 Confederates for three hours during the Battle of Antietam. Two major attacks were repulsed, but the Federals succeeded with a third attack. In the July issue we discussed Union GEN George B. Mc- Clellan s Peninsular Campaign and its inglorious end. Learning that McClellan was withdrawing his army by sea from the peninsula, Confederate GEN Robert E. Lee broke away and hastened to defeat Union forces in northern Virginia before McClellan could rejoin them. These were commanded by MG John Pope, a capable general but no match for Lee and his brilliant principal subordinates, BG John S. Brown, USA Ret., was chief of military history at the U.S. Army Center of Military History from December 1998 to October He commanded the 2nd Battalion, 66th Armor, in Iraq and Kuwait during the Gulf War and returned to Kuwait as commander of the 2nd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division, in He has a doctorate in history from Indiana University. His book, Kevlar Legions: The Transformation of the U.S. Army, , was published in Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson and James Longstreet. In a series of masterful maneuvers, the Confederate generals turned Pope s flank, forced him into a battle to recover his lines of communications and handed him a stinging defeat at the Second Battle of Bull Run (Second Manassas). Union forces fell back on Washington, D.C., where they were absorbed into a larger whole that included McClellan s returning Peninsular veterans. Pope was exiled to St. Paul, Minn., there to take command of the Northwest Department. McClellan assumed command of the combined forces and did a commendable job of reorganizing, retraining and reinvigorating them. McClellan was at his best when not on the field of battle. President Abraham Lincoln had appointed Henry W. Halleck as his General in Chief in July 1862, but Halleck assumed a role as military advisor to the President rather than attempt the direct exercise of field or strategic command. 92 ARMY September 2012
4 A current view of Dunker Church shows the National Park Service sign with a photograph of casualties on the same ground. The church was the objective for attacks on the morning of the battle by Union corps under MG Joseph Hooker and MG Joseph K.F. Mansfield. The memorial to the Union s Irish Brigade honors soldiers who fell in the battle of Bloody Lane. As capable as McClellan s reconstruction of the Army of the Potomac was, Union mobilization practices embodied a flaw that would continue to haunt commanders on the battlefield. Rather than placing a priority on bringing veteran regiments back up to full strength after combat losses, the Union favored raising entirely new units. Among the perceived advantages, this practice reduced the burdens of administering existing units at a distance and offered additional command positions with consequent opportunities for patronage. During this period only 50,000 recruits replaced combat losses, whereas 420,000 went into totally new units. As a result, regiments with combat experience withered, and regiments without combat experience continued to be thrown into battle underprepared. Lee knew he could not rest on his laurels after Second Bull Run, nor was he inclined to. On September 4 he invaded Maryland, both to retain the initiative and in the hope that Marylanders could be induced to join the Confederacy. Maryland was a slave-holding state, and sentiment for the South there was strong. The invasion offered opportunities to sever vital Union east-west rail communications, seize the critical depot of Harpers Ferry, W. Va., move the fighting away from Virginia, and operate against such major northern cities as Baltimore, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. Lee s aspirations were Union nightmares. McClellan alleged he did not despair of saving the capital but nevertheless considered it prudent to ship the family silver elsewhere. On September 13 McClellan was handed a copy of Lee s Special Order No One of his soldiers had found it in an abandoned Confederate campsite and recognized its importance. This intelligence coup revealed that the Confederates would be strung out from Harpers Ferry where Jackson was besieging a garrison of 12,000 to Hagerstown, Md., and beyond. Little blocked McClellan s approach from Washington through Fredericksburg, Va., to cut across this line of communications. McClellan acted on this intelligence windfall, but the next day rather than immediately. Lee, meanwhile, recognizing that critical intelligence had been compromised, speedily threw blocking forces into Turner s Gap and Crampton s Gap in Maryland while withdrawing the rest of his army in the direction of Sharpsburg on the Potomac River. Enterprising Union corps commanders forced both gaps, but they lost a day doing it. McClellan proceeded cautiously, convinced he was outnumbered even though he had an overall numerical advantage of 84,000 to 55,000. Harpers Ferry, surrounded and bombarded on all sides from neighboring heights, surrendered during the morning of September 15. This freed Jackson s considerable besieging force to rejoin Lee. Lee took up a position at Sharpsburg facing east across Antietam Creek. Vegetation and irregularities in the ground offered cover, but his back was against the Potomac River, and the higher ground was on the Union side of Antietam Creek. McClellan s forces arrived on the afternoon of September 15. McClellan consumed the next day with skirmishing, reconnaissance and the formulation of plans. Jackson s force, meanwhile, marched from Harpers Ferry and assumed responsibility for the sector that would become the axis of the Union s main attack. Early on September 17 two Union corps, commanded by MG Joseph Hooker and MG Joseph K. F. Mansfield, smashed into the Confederate left flank. They forced their way forward in heavy fighting but were checked by savage counterattacks and enfilading artillery fire. Mansfield was killed and Hooker wounded. Subordinate commanders tried to regain the momentum of the attack but became disorganized. The divisions of MG Edwin V. Sumner s II Corps marched in to reinforce the attack but became separated and misdirected during their approach. They deployed piecemeal in different places. The first to arrive was so badly mauled it was almost immediately combat-ineffective. The remaining two divi- September 2012 ARMY 93
5 Above, a memorial overlooking Dunker Church honors Maryland soldiers who fought in the Battle of Antietam. Inset left, a bronze memorial of stacked rifles supporting a cooking pot honors the 90th Pennsylvania Regiment at Antietam. sions became embroiled in savage fighting for a sunken road labeled Bloody Lane ever since. Repeated Union attacks eventually forced the Confederates out of Bloody Lane. Confederate forces deployed north of Sharpsburg were now on their last legs, and a fresh Union corps was arriving. At this point McClellan, appalled by his losses and magnifying Confederate strength in his own mind, demurred from further attacks on this axis. McClellan s hopes for victory shifted to the Confederate right flank, against which MG Ambrose E. Burnside was to launch massive attacks. Twice Union columns were bloodily repulsed in assaults across the span thenceforward called Burnside s Bridge. On the third attempt they made it across. At about the same time, other Union columns crossed Antietam Creek at fords located nearby. By 3:00 p.m. Burnside was across the creek, and by 4:00 p.m. he was on the high ground east and south of Sharpsburg. Around this time Confederate MG A.P. Hill arrived on the battlefield with the last of the Confederate divisions from Harpers Ferry. Literally panting from their forced march, these unexpected reinforcements crashed into the Union flank and forced it back to Antietam Creek. Both sides had had enough. Lee held his positions throughout the day of September 18, and McClellan declined to attack them. Securing this moral victory, Lee skillfully withdrew across the Potomac that night. Outnumbered by almost two-to-one on the battlefield, Lee had fought to a draw, losing about 10,300 to approximately 12,400 on the Union side. To this butcher s bill, one might add the capture of Harpers Ferry and its garrison. Union troops had fought well, as had most of their commanders. McClellan himself had been cautious and indecisive, committing his forces piecemeal. Lee had been able to shift forces sufficiently to contain each attack in turn. Lee withdrew undefeated and was virtually untouched by pursuit. President Lincoln was, however, able to portray the indecisive carnage as enough of a victory to justify unveiling his Emancipation Proclamation. For the Union cause, this was a victory of a very different sort. Recommended Reading: Esposito, Vincent J., The West Point Atlas of American Wars, Volume I: (New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959) Foote, Shelby, The Civil War, A Narrative, Vol. 1: Fort Sumter to Perryville (New York: Random House, 1958) Luvaas, Jay and Harold W. Nelson, eds., Guide to the Battle of Antietam (Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, 1996) McPherson, James M., Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era (New York: Oxford University Press, 1988) Sears, Stephen W., Landscape Turned Red: The Battle of Antietam (Norwalk, Conn.: Easton Press, 1988) September 2012 ARMY 95
1863: Shifting Tides. Cut out the following cards and hand one card to each of the pairs.
Cut out the following cards and hand one card to each of the pairs. Attack on Fort Sumter April 12 13, 1861 Summary: On April 12, 1861, after warning the U.S. Army to leave Fort Sumter, which guarded the
More informationCreated by Andrea M. Bentley. Major Battles
Created by Andrea M. Bentley Major Battles April 12, 1861 Occurred at Fort Sumter which was close to the entrance of Charleston, South Carolina Union led by Major Robert Anderson Confederates led by General
More information-Charleston Harbor, SC -Anderson Union -Beauregard Confederate. Confederate victory when Union surrenders. -Beginning of Civil War.
DATE BATTLE DETAILS- GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/ CASUALTIES April 12, 1861 Fort Sumter -Charleston Harbor, SC -Anderson Union -Beauregard Confederate RESULT-WHO WON? Confederate victory when Union surrenders
More informationFort Sumter-Confederate Victory
Fort Sumter-Confederate Victory First Battle of the Civil War There was not one human death (a Confederate horse was killed) from enemy fire. A death occurred after the fighting, from friendly fire. Significance:
More informationC. The Battle of Shiloh (Pittsburg Landing) April 6-7, 1862
Chapter III THE ROAD TO SHILOH A. The War in the West - Kentucky announces neutrality - Governor pro-south - legislature pro-north - CSA troops move into the state breaking the neutrality - Kentucky invites
More informationElection of Campaign a four-way split. Republicans defeat the splintered Democrat party, and the Do Nothing party who wanted to compromise
Election of 1860 Campaign a four-way split Republicans defeat the splintered Democrat party, and the Do Nothing party who wanted to compromise Fort Sumter Causes: Sumter still belongs to USA, South looks
More informationThe American Civil War Please get out your Documents from Last week and Write your Thesis Paragraph.
1/23/2011 Good Morning! The American Civil War Please get out your Documents from Last week and Write your Thesis Paragraph. 1861-1865 And the war began Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861 4:30 am General Beauregard
More informationJunior High History Chapter 16
Junior High History Chapter 16 1. Seven southern states seceded as Lincoln took office. 2. Fort Sumter was a Federal outpost in Charleston, South Carolina. 3. Lincoln sent ships with supplies. 4. Confederate
More informationCivil War Battles & Major Events
Civil War Battles & Major Events Civil War Sides Key Union States Border States Confederate States Army Organization Fort Sumter Date Where Commanding Officers April 12-14, 1861 Fort Sumter, South Carolina
More informationThe Civil War Early Years of the War: Chapter 13, Section 2
The Civil War Early Years of the War: Chapter 13, Section 2 Conflict often brings about great change. Neither the Union nor the Confederate forces gained a strong early advantage. The First Battle Main
More informationThe first engagement of the Civil War took place at Fort Sumter on April 12 and 13, After 34 hours of fighting, the Union surrendered the fort
The first engagement of the Civil War took place at Fort Sumter on April 12 and 13, 1861. After 34 hours of fighting, the Union surrendered the fort to the Confederates. From 1863 to 1865, the Confederates
More informationLabel Fort Sumter on your map
FORT SUMTER The Election of Lincoln as president in 1860 was a turning point in relations between the North and the South. The South felt they no longer had a voice in national events or policies; they
More informationBattle of Falling Waters 1863 Custer, Pettigrew and the End of the Gettysburg Campaign
George F. Franks, III battleoffallingwaters1863foundation.wordpress.com fallingwatersmd1863@gmail.com Which Falling Waters? July 4 12: Retreat and Pursuit July 13: Eve of Battle July 14: The Battle of
More informationChapter 17. The Civil War. The Start of the Civil War. West Virginia/Virginia. Everyone thought that it would be a short & quick war
Slide 1 Chapter 17 The Civil War Slide 2 The Start of the Civil War Everyone thought that it would be a short & quick war At first, 8 slave states stayed in the Union By the end, only 4 slave states stayed
More informationThe American Civil War
The American Civil War 1861 1865 Lincoln s First Inauguration March 4, 1861 Confederates Took Fort Sumter April 4, 1861 Confederates Took Fort Sumter April 4, 1861 Lincoln Calls For Volunteers April 14,
More informationSharpsburg: 17 September ARMOR January-February by Captain Jared Sutton
Sharpsburg: 17 September 1862 by Captain Jared Sutton In the long term, the Confederacy hoped to conduct a successful campaign in Federal-held territory, culminating in the decisive defeat of the Army
More informationThe Civil War Webquest. Type in the following web address, feel free to look at the images and read the information
Name: Use complete sentences if needed Hour: The Civil War 1861-1865 Webquest Type in the following web address, feel free to look at the images and read the information http://amhistory.si.edu/militaryhistory/exhibition/flash.html
More informationGeorge McClellan Wins Antietam But Loses His Command
George McClellan Wins Antietam But Loses His Command Prelude (All Dates are in 1862) June 1 Robert E. Lee assumes command of the soon to be newly named Army of Northern Virginia, replacing the wounded
More informationDirections: 1. Write vocabulary words on page Read and Summarize the major events by answering the guided questions
Today, you will be able to: Explain the significant events (battles) of the Civil War and explain the roles played by significant individuals during the Civil War Directions: 1. Write vocabulary words
More informationEmancipation Proclamation
Ironclads The first Ironclad was the Merrimack it was a Union ship that had been abandoned in a Virginia Navy yard. The Confederates covered it in iron and renamed it the CSS Virginia. It was very successful
More informationChapter 16, Section 2 The War in the East
Chapter 16, Section 2 The War in the East Pages 516 521 The shots fired at Fort Sumter made the war a reality. Neither the North nor the South was really prepared. Each side had some advantages more industry
More informationWhere did the first major battle take place? Who were the Generals for each side? Who was the first hero and what side did he fight for?
Gettysburg: Animated Map Worksheet Introduction: Where did the first major battle take place? Who were the Generals for each side? Who was the first hero and what side did he fight for? Manassas Junction
More informationPART ONE: PRESERVE THE UNION
I ve seen cities and homes in ashes. I ve seen thousands of men lying on the ground, their dead faces looking up to the skies. I tell you, war is hell! Presidential election of 1860 catastrophic to the
More informationAdvantages for both sides. List advantages both sides had going into the War.
Name Date Period (AH1) Unit 6: The Civil War The Civil War Begins (pages 338-345) Fort Sumter How did Lincoln react to the threats against Fort Sumter? Who officially declared war? Which side would Virginia
More information1863: Shifting Tides
1863: Shifting Tides Shifting Tides Date Battle Name Winner Sept 17, 1862 Antietam a.k.a. Sharpsburg, MD April 12-13, 1861 Attack on Fort Sumter, SC April 30-May 6, 1863 Chancellorsville, VA Feb 6-16,1862
More information3. The first state to formally withdraw from the Union, after the election of Abraham Lincoln, was a. Mississippi. b. South Carolina. c. Alabama.
AMDG American History 8 Mr. Ruppert Chapter 16 (The Civil War) / Quiz #1 (15 points) 1. Abraham Lincoln reacted to the hanging of John Brown by a. celebrating his death with speeches encouraging violence
More informationThe Civil War Begins. The Americans, Chapter 11.1, Pages
The Civil War Begins The Americans, Chapter 11.1, Pages 338-345. Confederates Fire on Fort Sumter The seven southernmost states that had already seceded formed the Confederate States of America on February
More informationSS8H6b. Key Events of the
SS8H6b Key Events of the The Civil War began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter. Fort Sumter was a Union fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina. The Union forces
More informationSSUSH9 The student will identify key events, issues, and individuals relating to the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War. b.
1861-1865 SSUSH9 The student will identify key events, issues, and individuals relating to the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War. b. Describe President Lincoln s efforts to preserve the
More informationThe Furnace of Civil War
The Furnace of Civil War 1861-1865 Bull Run Ends the Ninety-Day War On July 21, 1861, ill-trained Yankee recruits marched out toward Bull Run to engage a smaller Confederate unit and hey expected one big
More informationto the South! Thirty-three hours later, the fort fell to Confederate forces.
FortSumter Fort Sumter was a federal fort in Charleston Harbor, which is located in South Carolina. The fort needed resupplied when it ran low on provisions (supplies) in April of 1861. This fort was important
More informationChapter 4 Civil War 1
Chapter 4 Civil War 1 Label GPERSIA on the back of each note card Geography Of or relating to the physical features of the earth surface Political Of or relating to government and /or politics Economic
More informationTHE WAR BEGINS. Brenna Riley
THE WAR BEGINS Brenna Riley Antoine Henry Jomini Swiss-born member of Napoleon s staff. Interpreted and wrote about Napoleon's campaigns. Little evidence that Jomini s writing influenced Civil War strategy
More informationThe Civil War { Union Forces vs. Confederate States of America (CSA) North vs. South Blue vs. Grey
The Civil War {1861-1865 Union Forces vs. Confederate States of America (CSA) North vs. South Blue vs. Grey 1861 Eleven states seceded from Union Border States (Slave states that didn t leave) Kentucky
More informationEastern Theatre of the American Civil War (1861 to 1865) Military History Tour From Manassas to Appomattox Court House
Eastern Theatre of the American Civil War (1861 to 1865) Military History Tour From Manassas to Appomattox Court House Including Gettysburg, Antietam, Harpers Ferry, Manassas, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville,
More informationThe Civil War
The Civil War 1861-1865 Essential Questions What underlying factors caused the Civil War? What specific events led to the outbreak of conflict? What were the contrasting visions of Lincoln and Jefferson
More informationSSUSH9 C, D, & E The Civil War
SSUSH9 C, D, & E The Civil War John Brown s Raid John Brown s Raid on Harper s Ferry was a turning point for the South. Southerners were angered that a Northerner would promote an armed slave rebellion.
More informationSample file. THE CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION: United States History Workbook #7. Workbooks in This Series: Table of Contents:
Page2 Student Handouts, Inc. www.studenthandouts.com Workbooks in This Series: 1. Early America 2. The Colonial Period 3. The Road to Independence 4. The Formation of a National Government 5. Westward
More informationChapter 16, Section 3 The War in the West
Chapter 16, Section 3 The War in the West Pages 522 525 The Civil War was fought on many fronts, all across the continent and even at sea. In the East, fighting was at first concentrated in Virginia. In
More information{gmapfp id="4" map_centre_id="4" catid="1" itin="2" zmap="13" more="0" lmap="500" hmap="500"}
The Battle of Gettysburg was a turning point in the Civil War, the Union victory in the summer of 1863 that ended General Robert E. Lee's second and most ambitious invasion of the North. Often referred
More informationKey People. North vs. South Advantages. End of War & Grab Bag. Battles. Reconstruction
Key People North vs. South Advantages Battles End of War & Reconstruction Grab Bag 200 200 200 200 200 400 400 400 400 400 600 600 600 600 600 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 Key People -
More informationNorth & South: The Civil War. May 4-13, Hosted by Dan Miller
North & South: The Civil War May 4-13, 2018 Hosted by Dan Miller Come experience American history. Civil War battlefields and related sites are the focus of this 10-day tour. Walk where armies won triumphs
More informationThe Civil War ( ) 1865) Through Maps, Charts, Graphs & Pictures
The Civil War (1861-1865) 1865) Through Maps, Charts, Graphs & Pictures Need to know What was the result of the Trent Affair? The Beginning Southerners afraid north will send Brown loving republicans to
More informationName the four slave states, called Border States that stayed in the Union _? Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland
Social Studies -- Chapter 17, Sections 1-5 CHAPTER 17 SECTION 1 1 17-1 448 Name the four slave states, called Border States that stayed in the Union _? Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri, Maryland 2 17-1 448
More informationGuided Reading Activity 16-1
Guided Reading Activity 16-1 DIRECTIONS: Filling in the Blanks Use your textbook to fill in the blanks using the words in the box. Some words may be used more than once. Use another sheet of paper if necessary.
More informationTHE CIVIL WAR Part 2
THE CIVIL WAR Part 2 REVIEW (you don t need to write this) The main issue which caused the Civil War was states rights. The issue of slavery was part of that. Union s plan to win the war was the Anaconda
More informationSecession & the Outbreak of the Civil War
Secession & the Outbreak of the Civil War Secession in the South Lincoln s election led to The failed Crittenden Compromise in 1860 secession by 7 states in the Deep South but that did not Fort Sumter,
More informationCANDIDATES: REPUBLICAN: Abraham Lincoln SOUTHERN DEMOCRATIC: John C. Breckinridge NORTHERN DEMOCRATIC: Stephen Douglas CONSTITUTIONAL UNION: John
1861-1865 CANDIDATES: REPUBLICAN: Abraham Lincoln SOUTHERN DEMOCRATIC: John C. Breckinridge NORTHERN DEMOCRATIC: Stephen Douglas CONSTITUTIONAL UNION: John Bell Abraham Lincoln winner of the election of
More informationAlan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY 13/e. Chapter Fourteen: The Civil War
Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY 13/e The Civil War The Secession Crisis Southern Nationalism Secession Of South Carolina-1860 Pickett s Charge at Gettysburg (The Palma Collection / Getty Images ) 2 The
More information3/26/14. Chapter 16 The Civil War. The War Begins. Section Notes. Video The Civil War
Chapter 16 The Civil War The War Begins Section Notes The War Begins The War in the East The War in the West Daily Life during the War The Tide of War Turns History Close-up Fort Sumter Quick Facts North
More informationCivil War & Reconstruction. Day 16
Civil War & Reconstruction 1. Warm Up 2. DBQ The Battle of Gettysburg: Why Was It a Turning Point? Day 16 Civil War & Reconstruction #4 due TONIGHT @ 10:45 Warm - Up Which is correct? A B C ORAL QUESTIONS
More informationMap of Peninsula Camp
34 Map of Peninsula Camp April 1862 -- The Battle of Shiloh. On April 6, Confederate forces attacked Union forces under General Ulysses S. Grant at Shiloh, Tennessee. By the end of the day, the federal
More informationUS History. The War Begins. The Big Idea Civil war broke out between the North and the South in Main Ideas
The War Begins The Big Idea Civil war broke out between the North and the South in 1861. Main Ideas Following the outbreak of war at Fort Sumter, Americans chose sides. The Union and the Confederacy prepared
More informationThe American Civil War
The American Civil War Civil war - A civil war is a war between people in the same country. Civil War The Creation of West Virginia Conflict grew between the eastern and western counties of Virginia. Many
More informationThe Kentucky Campaign, The Battle of Antietam, and the War in Virginia and the West,
The Kentucky Campaign, The Battle of Antietam, and the War in Virginia and the West,1862-1863 The strategic situation of the South in 1862 The Confederate states recognized from the outset of the Civil
More informationThe Civil War has Begun!
The Civil War has Begun! Quick Review What is a secession? When part of a country leaves or breaks off from the rest Why did the Fugitive Slave Law upset some people in the North? Many Northerners did
More informationAmerican Civil War Part I
American Civil War Part I Confederate States of America Formed Established February 4, 1861 AKA Confederacy, the gray, Rebels, secesh, rebels, rebs, Johnny Rebs Capital: 1 st was Montgomery Alabama, later
More informationChapter 16 and 17 HOMEWORK. If the statement is true, write "true" on the line. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make it true.
If the statement is true, write "true" on the line. If it is false, change the underlined word or words to make it true. 1. The first shots of the Civil War were fired when the Confederates seized Fort
More informationFamous Women of the War Women Support the War Civil War Soldiers. Anaconda Plan. Battle of Bull Run. Battle of Antietam. Proclamation Lincoln
Anaconda Plan Battle of Bull Run Battle of Antietam Famous Women of the War Women Support the War Soldiers Emancipation Abraham Proclamation Lincoln Battle of Gettysburg Gettysburg Address Rose Greenhow
More informationF o rt S u m t e r, S C
F o rt S u m t e r, S C April 12, 1861 Started the Civil War No one was killed The Confederacy attacked the fort before Lincoln s supply ships arrived The Union had to surrender the fort after 34 hours
More informationAmerican Civil War in Virginia ( )
American Civil War in Virginia (1861-1865) Student Name: Date: For each of the following questions, fill-in-the-blanks: Questions/Statements Prelude to War: 1. In the North, industrialization led to development
More informationHezekiah Thomas Civil War Engagements
Hezekiah Thomas Civil War Engagements On February 25 th 1862 Hezekiah enrolled for a three year service at Mt. Carmel Illinois in Company C of the Illinois, 12 th Regiment Calvary (Volunteers), commanded
More informationNo End in Sight ONE AMERICAN S STORY. TERMS & NAMES Ulysses S. Grant Battle of Shiloh cavalry Seven Days Battles Battle of Antietam
3 No End in Sight TERMS & NAMES Ulysses S. Grant Battle of Shiloh cavalry Seven Days Battles Battle of Antietam MAIN IDEA In the first two years of the war, neither side gained a decisive victory over
More informationThe battle happened in Charleston, South Carolina
Fort Sumter When was the battle? April 12, 1861 The battle happened in Charleston, South Carolina This battle was important because it was the first battle of the Civil War. The Soldiers fired the first
More informationChapter II SECESSION AND WAR
Chapter II SECESSION AND WAR 1860-1861 A. Starting the Secession: South Carolina - December 20, 1860 South Carolina votes to secede - Major Robert Anderson US Army Commander at Charleston, South Carolina
More informationBattles of Antietam & Fredericksburg The Uphill Battle Tabitha M. Richards
Battles of Antietam & Fredericksburg - 1862 The Uphill Battle Tabitha M. Richards Overview: "The army that holds the high ground wins; the army with superior numbers wins." During the American Civil War
More informationTimetable. Pre Gettysburg
Timetable Pre Gettysburg Note: Some dates concerning the marches, especially as the Confederate army moved north, might vary slightly from source to source May 6 -- Following his defeat at Chancellorsville
More informationThe Civil War to A nation goes to war against itself
The Civil War to 1863 A nation goes to war against itself A Southern Plantation House More Southern Plantations A Large Northern Farm More Northern Farms Election of 1860 South was threatening to secede
More informationSSUSH9 C Comparing Civil War Leaders
SSUSH9 C Comparing Civil War Leaders Comparing Civil War Leaders POB: Virginia POB: Ohio West Point (1825 1829) West Point (1839 1843) 2 nd of 46 (Engineers) 21 st of 39 (Infantry) Robert E. Lee (1807
More informationChoose the letter of the best answer.
Name: Date: Choose the letter of the best answer. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. The person who assassinated President Lincoln was A. Booker T. Washington. B. Walt Whitman. C. Robert E. Lee. D. John Wilkes Booth.
More informationChapter 16, Section 5 The Tide of War Turns
Chapter 16, Section 5 The Tide of War Turns Pages 536 543 Many people, especially in the North, had expected a quick victory, but the war dragged on for years. The balance of victories seemed to seesaw
More informationFirst Battle of Bull Run
Civil War Battles First Battle of Bull Run While the Union and the Confederacy mobilized their armies, the Union navy began operations against the South. In April 1861, President Lincoln announced a blockade
More informationStrategies, Advantages, and Disadvantages for the North and South Fill in the Blank as you listen to the vodcast.
Strategies, Advantages, and Disadvantages for the North and South Fill in the Blank as you listen to the vodcast. Strategies - Expert Information: To achieve victory in any war both sides must devise a
More informationNAME: DATE: BLOCK: The Civil War Section 1-Introduction
NAME: DATE: BLOCK: The Civil War Section 1-Introduction Wilmer McLean was about to sit down to lunch with a group of Confederate officers on July 18, 1861, when a cannonball ripped through his roof. It
More informationPart 1: The Conflict Takes Shape
The Civil War 1 Part 1: The Conflict Takes Shape President Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to serve in the army against the South. The Northerners thought the war would be over in about ninety days.
More informationCHAPTER 20 Girding for War: The North and the South,
CHAPTER 20 Girding for War: The North and the South, 1861 1865 Checklist of Learning Objectives After mastering this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Explain how the South s firing on Fort Sumter galvanized
More informationHIST 103: CHAPTER 14 THE CIVIL WAR
HIST 103: CHAPTER 14 THE CIVIL WAR SECESSION Fire-Eaters seized federal property Fort Pickens (FL) Fort Sumter (SC) Formation of the C.S.A. Montgomery, AL Buchanan s Beliefs LAST CHANCE TO AVOID WAR December
More informationTHE UNITED STATES CIVIL WAR
THE UNITED STATES CIVIL WAR Standard SSUSH9: Evaluate key events, issues, and individuals related to the Civil War. The Election of 1860 By 1860, the country was falling apart And the election of 1860
More informationPART ONE: PRESERVE THE UNION
I ve seen cities and homes in ashes. I ve seen thousands of men lying on the ground, their dead faces looking up to the skies. I tell you, war is hell! Presidential election of 1860 catastrophic to the
More informationWorld Book Online: The trusted, student-friendly online reference tool. Name: Date:
World Book Online: The trusted, student-friendly online reference tool. World Book Advanced Database* Name: Date: Find It! American Civil War: Biographies Can you imagine what it would have been like to
More informationThe Call to Arms. Hardships of Both Sides
The Call to Arms The North 1. How did two border states bolster northern confidence? Kentucky and Delaware supported the Union. 2. What Virginia event helped the North? 3. What four things did the North
More informationThe Tide of War Turns,
The Tide of War Turns, 1863 1865 The Civil War is won by the Union and strongly affects the nation. Union soldiers sitting in front of a tent. Section 1 The Emancipation Proclamation In 1863, President
More informationHey there, my name is (NAME) and today we re going to talk about Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee.
Grant and Lee in Northern Virginia HS261 Activity Introduction Hey there, my name is (NAME) and today we re going to talk about Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee. The Union had gained the upper hand and
More informationThe American Civil War Begins. Take Cornell Notes!
The American Civil War Begins Take Cornell Notes! Presidential election of 1860 In 1860, Stephan Douglas and Abraham Lincoln ran against each other again, this time for president. Lincoln had become well
More informationThe Civil War Chapter 15.1
The Civil War Chapter 15.1 I. The War Begins Civil war broke out between the North and the South in 1861. A. Following the outbreak of war at Fort Sumter, Americans chose sides. Seven southern states had
More informationThe American Civil War
The American Civil War 1861-1865 Karen H. Reeves Wilbur McLean: The war started in his front yard and ended in his parlor. Shortcut to 01 Drums of War.lnk Essential Question: How did the two sides differ
More informationGETTING READY FOR INSTRUCTION
Unit: 11 Lesson: 03 Suggested Duration: 3 days Events of the Civil War Lesson Synopsis: In this lesson, students create a timeline to explain significant events of the Civil War. Students identify points
More informationThe Furnace of Civil War. Chapter 21
The Furnace of Civil War Chapter 21 Beginning of War North unprepared -- no experience with guns or horses --believed the war would be over in 90 days South had been preparing No standard uniform caused
More informationCHAPTER 21 The Furnace of Civil War,
CHAPTER 21 The Furnace of Civil War, 1861 1865 A. True-False Where the statement is true, circle T; where it is false, circle F. 1. T F The South s victory in the First Battle of Bull Run gave it a great
More informationTHE CIVIL WAR LESSON TWO THE CONFEDERATE ARMY
THE CIVIL WAR LESSON TWO THE CONFEDERATE ARMY As soon as the first shots of the Civil War were fired, war fever seemed to sweep the country. Neither the Union nor the Confederacy was completely prepared
More informationJoseph Grimm. Musician. Researched by Wickman Historical Consultants. 100 th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Company B.
Joseph Grimm Musician 100 th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, Company B Researched by Wickman Historical Consultants www.wickmanhistorical.com Background and Rank Born in October 1842, Joseph Grimm enlisted as
More informationSWBAT: Identify the lasting legacy of Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War? Do Now: a) Advantages and Disadvantages of the Civil War Worksheet
SWBAT: Identify the lasting legacy of Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War? Do Now: a) Advantages and Disadvantages of the Civil War Worksheet Advantages and Disadvantages 2. Most banks, factories, and ships
More informationCHAPTER 14: The Course of the Battle
CHAPTER 14: The Course of the Battle Objectives: o We will study the military strategy and campaigns of the Civil War, leading to the Union victory in April of 1865 Ecc_3:8 A time to love, and a time to
More informationThe Civil War Begins
The Civil War Begins Differences between northern and southern states: industrial economy agricultural economy free states slave states More North/South differences North Wanted to abolish slavery Strong
More informationWe're Out of Here! Constitutional Union Former Whigs and Know-Nothing Party Members John Bell (TN)
We're Out of Here! Election of 1860 Democrats Charleston Convention (April 23-May 3, 1860) Charleston, SC Stephen A. Douglas (IL) Baltimore Convention (June 18, 1860) Southern Democrats John C. Breckinridge
More informationEvaluate the advantages the North enjoyed in the Civil War.
Objectives Evaluate the advantages the North enjoyed in the Civil War. Analyze the impact of the Civil War on the North and South, especially the impact of the Emancipation Proclamation. Explore the outcome
More informationLook for the answer to this question when watching the video: How did generals Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee compare as military leaders?
And the War Came A Costly Struggle At the beginning of the war, politicians, military officers, soldiers, and most people at home expected to win and hoped the victory might be relatively easy. However,
More informationLess than 100 men Provision until mid April 1861 (surrender if not supplied)
Fort Sumter Spark South seized arsenals 2 arsenals left Ft. Sumter, SC Less than 100 men Provision until mid April 1861 (surrender if not supplied) What to do? Told SC would send supplies ONLY Navy headed
More information1. Large population 2. 90% of nation s manufacturing 3. Country s iron, coal, copper, gold 4. Controlled the seas 5. 21,000 miles of RR track
I. Preparing for War A. Northern Strengths 1. Large population 2. 90% of nation s manufacturing 3. Country s iron, coal, copper, gold 4. Controlled the seas 5. 21,000 miles of RR track B. Northern Weaknesses
More informationA. True or False Where the statement is true, mark T. Where it is false, mark F, and correct it in the space immediately below.
AP U.S. History Mr. Mercado Chapter 21 The Furnace of Civil War, 1861-1865 Name A. True or False Where the statement is true, mark T. Where it is false, mark F, and correct it in the space immediately
More information