Guided Reading Activity 16-1

Transcription

1 Guided Reading Activity 16-1 DIRECTIONS: Filling in the Blanks Use your textbook to fill in the blanks using the words in the box. Some words may be used more than once. Use another sheet of paper if necessary. West Virginia Confederate government Mississippi River Delaware way of life victory border states hostile Maryland Ohio River 187,000 resources 112,000 independent nation Choosing Sides Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware, and (1) remained in the Union even though they allowed slavery. Losing these (2) would seriously damage the North. Missouri could control parts of the (3) ; Kentucky controlled the (4) ; (5) was close to Philadelphia; and Washington, D.C., lay within (6). (7) seceded from the South and joined the Union. Comparing North and South The North had a larger population, more industry, and more abundant SECTION 16-1 (8). The South was a large area with a (9) population. Southerners were defending their land, their homes, and their (10). Individual Southern states refused to give the (11) sufficient power. The Union s plan for winning the war included gaining control of the (12). The South s primary aim was to win recognition as an (13). American People at War By the summer of 1861, the Confederate army had about (14) soldiers. The Union had about (15) soldiers. Both sides had expected a quick (16). 57

2 Guided Reading Activity 16-2 DIRECTIONS: Recalling the Facts Use the information in your textbook to answer the questions. Use another sheet of paper if necessary. 1. Where was the first major battle of the Civil War? 2. Who were the two generals who led the South in this battle? 3. Who won this battle? 4. What was the Union army of the East called? 5. Who headed the Union army of the East? 6. Why did Abraham Lincoln order a blockade of Southern ports? 7. How did the South challenge the blockade? 8. What was the North s first strategic goal in the West? SECTION How long did the Battle of Shiloh last? 10. Who was victorious in the Battle of Shiloh? 11. Why was David Farragut s capture of New Orleans significant? 12. What was George McClellan s goal in March 1862? 13. What was McClellan s operation known as? 14. How did McClellan s delays benefit the Confederates? 15. Who commanded the South s army for the Seven Days battles? 16. What was the outcome of McClellan s offensive? 17. What took place on August 29, 1862? 18. Who was victorious? 19. What advantage over the South did the North have when it launched an offensive into Maryland in September 1862? 20. When was the single bloodiest day of the war? 21. How did Lincoln react to McClellan s repeated hesitance? 58

3 Guided Reading Activity 16-3 DIRECTIONS: Using Outlining Locate the heading in your textbook. Then use the information under the heading to help you write each answer. Use another sheet of paper if necessary. I. Emancipation A. Introduction 1. Why did Abraham Lincoln hesitate to move against slavery? 2. How did Northerners attitudes toward slavery change as the war went on? B. The Emancipation Proclamation Why did Lincoln wait to issue the Emancipation Proclamation? C. Effects of the Proclamation 1. Why did the proclamation not actually free any enslaved people? 2. What effect did Lincoln hope the proclamation would have on the enslaved? 3. What effect did the proclamation have in Europe? 4. Which amendment, ratified in 1865, truly freed enslaved African Americans? II. African Americans in the War A. In the South 1. By the end of the war, what portion of the Confederacy s enslaved SECTION 16-3 population had fled to Union areas? 2. What was the main reason Southerners did not want to use African Americans as soldiers? B. Helping the North Before they were allowed to serve as soldiers in the Union army, how did African Americans aid the Union war effort? C. African American Soldiers 1. What was the 54th Massachusetts? 2. How did the events of July 18, 1863, win respect for African American troops? 59

4 Guided Reading Activity 16-4 DIRECTIONS: Recalling the Facts Use the information in your textbook to answer the questions. Use another sheet of paper if necessary. 1. Where did most soldiers live during the Civil War? 2. Why were the new rifles preferable to muskets? 3. Why did many soldiers desert the armies? 4. What was one of the reasons General Robert E. Lee invaded Maryland in 1862? 5. What new responsibilities did women take on during the war? 6. How did women help the armies? 7. Who were Rose O Neal Greenhow and Belle Floyd? SECTION Why did many men disapprove of women serving as nurses? 9. Who were the Peace Democrats? 10. When did the Confederate Congress pass a draft law? 11. How could a man avoid the draft in the South? 12. When did the North pass a draft law? 13. How could a man avoid the draft in the North? 14. Why did angry mobs riot in New York City in July 1863? 15. What three methods did both sides use to raise money for the war? 16. When did the United States Congress first pass an income tax? 17. How did the war affect the economy in the North? 18. How did the location of the war s battles affect the economy in the South? 19. What effect did economic conditions have on Confederate soldiers? 60

5 Guided Reading Activity 16-5 DIRECTIONS: Filling in the Blanks Use your your textbook to fill in the blanks using the words in the box. Use another sheet of paper if necessary. Appomattox Court House Vicksburg, Mississippi April 2, 1865 Southerners Savannah, Georgia Pickett s Charge Confederates 600,000 Fredericksburg commander George Meade Virginia Robert E. Lee Gettysburg Address November 19, 1863 Gettysburg enslaved African Americans Southern Victories On December 13, 1862, at the Battle of (1), Union General Ambrose Burnside clashed with General (2). The (3) were victorious there as well as at Chancellorsville. The Tide of War Turns In July 1863 the three-day Battle of (4) ended in a victory for Union forces led by General (5). The last attack in this battle was (6). At the same time, a battle took place at (7). On (8), Abraham Lincoln delivered a two-minute speech called the (9). SECTION 16-5 Final Phase of the War Ulysses S. Grant s victories impressed Lincoln, who named Grant (10) of all Union armies. According to Grant s plan, the Army of the Potomac would try to crush Robert E. Lee s army in (11) ; the western army would advance to Atlanta, Georgia. William Tecumseh Sherman led his troops on a historic march to the sea to (12). Victory for the North On (13), Grant defeated the Confederates at Petersburg. Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9, 1865, in a village called (14). More than (15) soldiers died in the war. The war caused bitter feelings among defeated (16) that lasted for generations. The war freed millions of (17). 61