Background Briefing 2013

Transcription

1 Background Briefing 2013

2 Mo Ibrahim Foundation Background Briefing Overview 1 Tools 2 Ibrahim Index of African Governance 3 Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership 4 Ibrahim Prize Laureates 5 Ibrahim Forum 7 Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships 8 Ibrahim Scholarships 9 Acronyms: ACP: African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States AfDB: African Development Bank AU: African Union AUC: American University in Cairo CEIBS: China Europe International Business School CoDA: Coalition for Dialogue on Africa COSATU: Congress of South African Trade Unions GAIN: Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition GCA: Global Coalition for Africa IFAD: International Fund for Agricultural Development IIAG: Ibrahim Index of African Governance LBS: London Business School OAU: Organisation of African Unity SOAS: School of Oriental and African Studies UN: United Nations UNECA: United Nations Economic Commission for Africa WTO: World Trade Organization

3 Overview The Mo Ibrahim Foundation was established in 2006 with a focus on the critical importance of leadership and governance in Africa. By providing tools to support advancements in leadership and governance, the Foundation aims to bring about meaningful change on the continent. The Foundation, which is a non-grant making organisation, helps to define, assess and enhance governance and leadership in Africa using the following tools: Ibrahim Index of African Governance Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership Ibrahim Forum Ibrahim Fellowships and Scholarships Leadership and governance in Africa Africa has made considerable progress in recent years. However, the continent now faces a number of challenges. How can it translate its wealth of resources into improved quality of life for its citizens, in an equitable and sustainable way? What should governments do when their GDP growth is not matched by employment gains? Why are political and human rights still lagging in many areas, despite significant economic progress? These challenges pose a threat to Africa s success and potential transformation in the long-term. But all of these challenges can be met through good leadership and governance on the continent. Leadership is about making choices, defining priorities, and taking risks. Governance is about implementing these choices. Governments need to define a strategy a business plan built on an inclusive vision which assesses and prioritises challenges and issues, makes the best use of human, natural and financial resources and closely monitors results and implementation. The Board The Foundation is governed by a Board of Directors comprised of: Mo Ibrahim Founder and Chair, Mo Ibrahim Foundation; Founder, Celtel International Lord Cairns Former Chairman, Actis Capital LLP; Former Chief Executive Officer, SG Warburg Nathalie Delapalme Executive Director - Research and Policy, Mo Ibrahim Foundation; Former Advisor on Africa and Development Issues to various French Foreign Ministers Hadeel Ibrahim Executive Director - Strategy and External Relations, Mo Ibrahim Foundation Abdoulie Janneh Executive Director - Liaison with Governments and Institutions in Africa, Mo Ibrahim Foundation; Former Under Secretary-General, UN and Executive Secretary of UNECA Sir Ketumile Masire Co-Chairperson, GCA; Former President of Botswana Jay Naidoo Chair of the Board and Partnership Council, GAIN; Founding General Secretary, COSATU Mary Robinson UN Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region of Africa; Former UN High Commissioner for Human Rights; Former President of Ireland Salim Ahmed Salim Former Secretary-General, OAU; Former Prime Minister of Tanzania 1

4 Mo Ibrahim Foundation Background Briefing Tools Ibrahim Index of African Governance Established in 2007, the IIAG is the most comprehensive collection of quantitative data on governance in Africa. Compiled in partnership with experts from a number of the continent s institutions, it provides an annual assessment of governance in every African country. The IIAG provides a framework for citizens, governments, institutions and business to assess the delivery of public goods and services, and policy outcomes, across Africa. Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership Established in 2007, the Ibrahim Prize celebrates excellence in African leadership. It is awarded to a former Executive Head of State or Government by an independent Prize Committee composed of eminent figures, including two Nobel Laureates. It celebrates African leaders who have developed their countries, lifted people out of poverty and paved the way for sustainable and equitable prosperity. Previous Ibrahim Laureates include President Joaquim Chissano of Mozambique (2007), President Festus Mogae of Botswana (2008), President Pedro Pires of Cape Verde (2011) and President Nelson Mandela of South Africa (Honorary). The Laureates provide role models for the continent. The Prize Committee may choose not to award the Prize, as was the case in 2009, 2010 and Ibrahim Forum Established in 2010, the Ibrahim Forum is an annual high-level discussion forum tackling issues of critical importance to Africa. Bringing together a diverse range of stakeholders, the Forum identifies specific policy challenges and priorities for action. Previous Forums have dealt with: African Youth (2012), African Agriculture (2011) and African Regional Economic Integration (2010). Data and research on Forum issues are compiled by the Foundation as the basis for informed and constructive debate. Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships Established in 2010, the Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships form a selective programme designed to identify and support potential African leaders of the future. The Ibrahim Leadership Fellows receive mentoring from the current leaders of key multilateral institutions. Fellows are currently hosted at AfDB, UNECA and WTO. Ibrahim Scholarships Established in 2007, and evolving to accommodate shifting African dynamics, the Ibrahim Scholarships support aspiring African leaders at a number of distinguished academic institutions. The scholarships develop the talent of outstanding young Africans in selected disciplines. Current partnerships are with AUC, LBS, SOAS and the University of Birmingham. The Foundation also endorses CEIBS. 2

5 Ibrahim Index of African Governance (IIAG) Established in 2007, the IIAG is the most comprehensive collection of quantitative data on governance in Africa. Compiled in partnership with experts from a number of the continent s institutions, it provides an annual assessment of governance in every African country. The IIAG provides a framework for citizens, governments, institutions and business to assess the delivery of public goods and services, and policy outcomes, across Africa. The IIAG provides: a framework for stakeholders to assess the delivery of public goods and services, and policy outcomes, in every African country a tool with which to govern, highlighting continental, regional, national and thematic governance results The data are classified within four categories: Safety & Rule of Law, Participation & Human Rights, Sustainable Economic Opportunity and Human Development. The IIAG is compiled using many international and African sources. A full list of sources can be found at. Partnerships Paucity of data in Africa remains a core concern for the Foundation. Many crucial indicators of governance, such as poverty, do not yet meet the Foundation s inclusion criteria, specifically with regards to time series and country coverage. The Foundation funds two major African initiatives: 1. The Foundation is working with Afrobarometer to expand its citizen surveys to cover over two thirds of African countries. 2. The Foundation is working with the Global Integrity Trust to create the African Integrity Indicators. The Trust maintains a network of experts in every African country to provide assessments of key social, economic and political indicators. These two initiatives will provide new sources of data for the IIAG, which will enable a more robust assessment of progress in Africa IIAG Rankings and Scores* Rank Score / Mauritius Botswana Cape Verde Seychelles South Africa Namibia Ghana Tunisia Lesotho Senegal São Tomé & Príncipe Zambia Benin Morocco Rwanda Malawi Tanzania Uganda Egypt Mozambique Kenya Gambia Burkina Faso Gabon Algeria Swaziland Mali Niger Liberia Djibouti Sierra Leone Comoros Ethiopia Mauritania Cameroon Togo Madagascar Libya Angola Burundi Nigeria Guinea Congo Côte d'ivoire Equatorial Guinea Guinea-Bissau Zimbabwe Chad Central African Republic Eritrea Congo, Democratic Rep Somalia 8.0 * The 2013 IIAG does not include South Sudan or Sudan due to insufficient data availability. 3

6 Mo Ibrahim Foundation Background Briefing Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership Established in 2007, the Ibrahim Prize celebrates excellence in African leadership. It is awarded to a former Executive Head of State or Government by an independent Prize Committee composed of eminent figures, including two Nobel Laureates. The Ibrahim Prize: recognises and celebrates African leaders who have developed their countries, lifted people out of poverty and paved the way for sustainable and equitable prosperity highlights exceptional role models for the continent ensures that Africa continues to benefit from the experience and expertise of exceptional leaders when they leave national office, by enabling them to continue in other public roles on the continent Criteria: former African Executive Head of State or Government left office in the last three years democratically elected served his/her constitutionally mandated term demonstrated exceptional leadership The Ibrahim Prize is the largest annually awarded prize in the world, consisting of: US$5 million over ten years US$ per year for life thereafter It is also possible for Ibrahim Laureates to apply for an additional US$ per year for philanthropic activities. Ibrahim Prize Laureates 2007 President Joaquim Chissano Mozambique President Chissano received the inaugural Ibrahim Prize for his achievements in bringing peace, reconciliation, stable democracy and economic progress to Mozambique following the civil war President Festus Mogae Botswana President Mogae was awarded the second Ibrahim Prize for his role in maintaining and consolidating Botswana's stability and prosperity in the face of an HIV/AIDS pandemic which threatened the future of his country and people President Pedro Pires Cape Verde President Pires was awarded the 2011 Ibrahim Prize for his role in transforming Cape Verde into a model of democracy, stability and increased prosperity. Honorary President Nelson Mandela South Africa President Mandela is recognised throughout the world as one of the most exceptional leaders of our time. During a life of personal sacrifice, he dedicated himself to the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, and served as that country's first President. In 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2013 the Prize was not awarded by the Prize Committee. Prize Committee The winner of the Ibrahim Prize is selected by an independent Prize Committee, appointed by the Foundation Board, comprised of: Salim Ahmed Salim (Chair) Former Secretary-General, OAU; Former Prime Minister of Tanzania; Mo Ibrahim Foundation Board Member Martti Ahtisaari Former President of Finland; Nobel Laureate Aïcha Bah Diallo President, Network for Education for All in Africa; Former Minister of Education in Guinea Mohamed ElBaradei Director General Emeritus, International Atomic Energy Agency; Nobel Laureate Graça Machel President, Foundation for Community Development; Former Minister of Education in Mozambique Festus Mogae Chairperson, CoDA; Former President of Botswana; 2008 Ibrahim Prize Laureate Mary Robinson UN Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region of Africa; Former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights; Former President of Ireland; Mo Ibrahim Foundation Board Member 4

7 P ri ze Comm it tee Ci t at i on Ibrahim Prize Laureates 2007 President Joaquim Alberto Chissano, Mozambique 2008 President Festus Gontebanye Mogae, Botswana His decision not to seek a third Presidential term reinforced Mozambique s democratic maturity and demonstrated that institutions and the democratic process were more important than personalities. Botswana demonstrates how a country with natural resources can promote sustainable development with good governance, in a continent where too often mineral wealth has become a curse. [The] remarkable reconciliation between opponents [in Mozambique] provides a shining example to the rest of the world, and is testament to both his strength of character and his leadership. President Mogae s outstanding leadership has ensured Botswana s continued stability and prosperity in the face of an HIV/AIDS pandemic which threatened the future of his country and people. It is in his role in leading Mozambique from conflict to peace and democracy that President Chissano has made his most outstanding contribution. President Mogae responded to the challenge by mobilising his country and the international community... and put in place one of Africa s most progressive and comprehensive programmes for dealing with the disease. President Chissano also made a major contribution outside his country s borders. He was a powerful voice for Africa on the international stage. Joaquim Alberto Chissano served as Head of State of Mozambique from November 1986 to February He inherited the leadership of FRELIMO (Frente de Libertação de Moçambique) after the death of Samora Machel and oversaw the transition from civil war to multiparty democracy. He was elected President in October 1994 and then again in December President Chissano received the inaugural Ibrahim Prize for his achievements in bringing peace, reconciliation, stable democracy and economic progress to his country following the 16 year civil war, which lasted until The Prize also recognises the major contribution he has made outside his country s borders. This included serving as Chairman of the Assembly of Heads of State and Government of the African Union ( ) and as the United Nations Special Envoy to Northern Uganda (2005-present). President Chissano is currently chair of the Joaquim Chissano Foundation and the Africa Forum of Former African Heads of State and Government. President Mogae consolidated and built on the successes of his predecessors. Festus Gontebanye Mogae served as Head of State of Botswana from April 1998 to April He first became President in 1998, as leader of the Botswana Democratic Party, and was elected again in President Mogae was awarded the second Ibrahim Prize for his role in maintaining and consolidating his country s stability and prosperity. His time in office was characterised by careful stewardship of the economy and management of Botswana s mineral resources, a tough stance on corruption, and successful policies in combating HIV/AIDS. Since leaving office, President Mogae has established Champions for an HIV-Free Generation, a group of former African Presidents and other influential personalities, who aim to strengthen efforts to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa. During 2008 he was one of the UN Secretary-General s Special Envoys on Climate Change. He is currently Chairperson of CoDA. 5

8 Mo Ibrahim Foundation Background Briefing Ibrahim Prize Laureates 2011 President Pedro de Verona Rodrigues Pires, Cape Verde Honorary President Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, South Africa Prize Committee Citation The Prize Committee has been greatly impressed by President Pedro Pires vision in transforming Cape Verde into a model of democracy, stability and increased prosperity. Under his ten years as President, the nation became only the second African country to graduate from the United Nation s Least Developed category and has won international recognition for its record on human rights and good governance. The result is that Cape Verde is now seen as an African success story, economically, socially and politically. Throughout his long career President Pires has been dedicated to the service of his people, including those in the diaspora, while retaining his humility and personal integrity. Nelson Mandela stands as an inspiration, in South Africa and throughout the world, to all who share his devotion to democracy and equality. In presenting this Laureate, the Foundation would like to celebrate his extraordinary achievements and support the important work of the foundations he has established. Pedro de Verona Rodrigues Pires served as Head of State of Cape Verde from 2001 to He was appointed Prime Minister by the Parliament of the newly formed Republic of Cape Verde in 1975, and began pushing for democratic reform in the 1980s. He held this post until 1991, when he lost the first multiparty election. He remained active in his party and was elected President in President Pires was awarded the 2011 Ibrahim Prize for his work in transforming Cape Verde into an African success story, recognised for good governance, human rights, prosperity and social development. President Pires democratic credentials were enhanced by his decision not to alter the constitution so he could run for a third term in office, despite popular demand. He is also highly regarded for his success in international relations and engaging Cape Verde in the African, and wider international, community. President Pires is the President of Fundação Amílcar Cabral. Nelson Mandela was inaugurated as South Africa s first democratically elected President in May He went on to form a Government of National Unity, before stepping down in 1999 after one term of office. Nelson Mandela is recognised throughout the world as an exceptional leader. He dedicated himself to the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, at great personal sacrifice, culminating in the country s first democratic elections on 27 April Since leaving office, President Mandela has worked to promote democracy, equality and development across the world. He has established three foundations to pursue these goals: The Nelson Mandela Foundation, The Nelson Mandela Children s Fund and The Mandela- Rhodes Foundation. In 2007, President Mandela was awarded an honorary Ibrahim Prize for Achievement in African Leadership. 6

9 Ibrahim Forum Established in 2010, the Ibrahim Forum is an annual high-level discussion forum tackling issues of critical importance to Africa. Bringing together a diverse range of stakeholders, the Forum identifies specific policy challenges and priorities for action. Previous Forums have dealt with: African Youth (2012), African Agriculture (2011) and African Regional Economic Integration (2010). Data and research on Forum issues are compiled by the Foundation as the basis for informed and constructive debate. Previous Ibrahim Forums 2012 Dakar, Senegal African Youth: Fulfilling the Potential African youth: An asset or a liability? Chair: President Olusegun Obasanjo, former President of Nigeria Employment outlook: Setting the global and regional context of the potential demand Chair: Lamido Sanusi, Governor, Central Bank of Nigeria Ensuring African youth competitiveness: Developing the right skills and providing adequate tools Chair: Carlos Lopes, Executive Secretary, UNECA Acquiring social and political responsibility Chair: President Festus Mogae, former President of Botswana Concluding session Chair: Archbishop Desmond Tutu 2011 Tunis, Tunisia African Agriculture: From Meeting Needs to Creating Wealth Stating the issues Chair: Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Coordinating Minister for the Economy and Minister of Finance, Nigeria At the national level: Building a modern, equitable and efficient agriculture sector Chair: Jay Naidoo, Chair, GAIN At the continental level: Increasing intra-african trade Chair: Abdoulie Janneh, Executive Secretary, UNECA At the global level: Africa as a player Chair: Donald Kaberuka, President, AfDB Concluding session Chair: Kanayo Nwanze, President, IFAD 2010 Port Louis, Mauritius African Regional Economic Integration Economic management and outlooks Chair: Donald Kaberuka, President, AfDB Infrastructure Chair: Maria Ramos, Group Chief Executive Officer, Absa Bank / Absa Group Limited National politics Chair: President Festus Mogae, former President of Botswana Regional politics Chair: Mohamed Ibn Chambas, Secretary- General, ACP 7

10 Mo Ibrahim Foundation Background Briefing Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships Established in 2010, the Ibrahim Leadership Fellowships form a selective programme designed to identify and support potential African leaders of the future. The Ibrahim Leadership Fellows receive mentoring from the current leaders of key multilateral institutions. Eligibility criteria: national of an African country 7-10 years of relevant work experience Master s Degree under the age of 40, or 45 for women with children young professional, mid-career and new executive Ibrahim Leadership Fellows are hosted at: AfDB The AfDB is a multilateral development bank that contributes to poverty reduction through supporting sustainable development and social progress in its regional member countries. The Bank Group mobilises and allocates resources for investment, and provides policy advice and technical assistance to support development efforts. UNECA UNECA is one of the UN s five regional commissions, promoting the economic and social development of its member states. Its mandate includes the fostering of intra-regional integration and promotion of international cooperation for Africa s development. UNECA s thematic areas of focus are macroeconomic policy, regional integration and trade, social development, natural resources, innovation and technology, gender and climate change. Fellows 2013 Joan Stott South Africa AfDB Joan joins the programme from Business Unity South Africa where she was an Executive Director of Economic Policy. She worked on climate change, industrial policy, infrastructure: BRICs, and G-20. Prior to this she also served as Director of Fiscal Analysis at the National Treasury of South Africa Rebecca Teiko Dottey Ghana UNECA Rebecca joins the programme from Christian Aid in Ghana where she was the Acting Country Manager providing strategic leadership, policy analysis, and programming on key issues for Africa, including gender mainstreaming and peace-building Maureen Were Kenya WTO Maureen joins the programme from the Kenya School of Monetary Studies where she was a Manager. She is a Central Bank of Kenya Specialist in macroeconomic modelling used for forecasting and policy analysis Yvonne Apea Mensah Ghana AfDB Yvonne is a lawyer, with over seven years of experience in international policy development in Africa in the areas of trade, environment and politics Omolade Dade Nigeria UNECA Omolade is a development finance professional, with strong experience in the areas of regional integration and infrastructure development Jacqueline Musiitwa Uganda/Zambia WTO Jacqueline is a lawyer with leadership experience in business, government, academia and civil society. WTO The WTO is the only global international organisation dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business. 8

11 Ibrahim Scholarships Established in 2007, and evolving to accommodate shifting African dynamics, the Ibrahim Scholarships support aspiring African leaders at a number of distinguished academic institutions. The scholarships develop the talent of outstanding young Africans in selected disciplines. Current partnerships are with AUC, LBS, SOAS and the University of Birmingham. American University in Cairo The Foundation provides two graduate fellowships and two full undergraduate scholarships to students of Nubian origin, with a working knowledge of the Nubian language, who wish to support the enrichment and preservation of Nubian culture and heritage. contact enrolauc@aucegypt.edu, /2 London Business School The Mo Ibrahim Foundation Scholarship for Africa supports outstanding students on the full-time MBA programme at LBS. Each year one scholarship, providing full payment of fees, is awarded to an exceptional African MBA candidate with financial need. contact mbainfo@london.edu, +44 (0) School of Oriental and African Studies The Governance for Development in Africa Initiative aims to build the skills of bright young Africans. It supports the study of socio-economic, political and legal links between governance and development. contact Angelica Baschiera ab17@soas.ac.uk, +44 (0) University of Birmingham The Foundation provides a scholarship for an MSc in Governance and State-Building at the University of Birmingham. The two-year programme includes a six-month internship at the Foundation Secretariat. An exceptional African national receives full tuition fees, a living allowance and airfare to the UK. contact Debra Beard d.l.beard@bham.ac.uk, +44 (0) Partners AUC is a liberal arts university, established in 1919, to provide a centre of scholarship and learning about Egypt and its surrounding areas. The University has subsequently become one of the most important English-language universities in the Middle East and North Africa. LBS is rated one of the world's top business schools. Its graduates have gone on to leadership positions in thousands of prominent companies. It attracts a diverse mix of students from all backgrounds and nationalities. For students of Africa, SOAS is one of the most important learning institutions in the world. The SOAS library houses an extensive collection of research and literature relating to Africa. Founded in 1900, the University of Birmingham has a long history of innovation. Its students work alongside outstanding teachers who are also researchers at the forefront of their fields. The CEIBS Africa programme was launched in 2008 with the aim of becoming Africa s leading business school. Based in Accra, the programme aims to prepare highly competent and innovation oriented managers and executives, who are capable of negotiating Africa s dynamic economic environment, globalisation and international competition. 9

12