APPENDIX F LAND USE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY

Transcription

1 APPENDIX F LAND USE ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY Identifying and evaluating land uses within the airport environs is an important step in the Part 150 process. This evaluation is necessary to identify residential and other noise-sensitive land uses in the airport environs. The land use assessment includes examining land use classifications and zoning patterns, surveying and mapping, local assessments of sound insulation requirements, capital improvement programs, growth risk assessment, airport environs land use compatibility plans; applying the FAA Part 150 guidelines for land use compatibility, and policies on acquisition, easements, and disclosures; and airport overlay districts. LAND USE CLASSIFICATIONS Land uses below the noise level measured as 65 DNL are generally considered compatible with airport operations. Consequently, the boundary of the study area was formed by assessing both the location of flight tracks and the general area where noise levels would drop below 65 DNL. Areas outside the airport environs were not excluded from the Part 150 process and were assessed, however detailed land use assessments were focused on the area within the airport environs. Land use categories within the DVRPC region are defined as follows: Residential / Single Residential / Multi Manufacturing Transportation Commercial /Service Community Services - Military Recreational Areas Agricultural Mining Wooded (forested) Vacant Water units are identified including duplexes and row houses units are identified including apartments and group quarters units include areas devoted to fabrication and/or assembly of raw materials or components includes areas devoted to rail, air, marine, and highway transportation. Includes retail, wholesale, personal and professional services, hotel and motel, power generation and substations, major transmission lines, wastewater treatment, landfills include hospitals and clinic, government buildings (except military), educational facilities, places of worship and cemeteries includes air bases, forts, naval bases and air stations coast guard bases national guard installations include parks, recreation sites (e.g. playgrounds), amusement parks, resorts and camps, public assembly, golf courses includes land devoted to crops, pastures, orchards, tree farms, or other agricultural uses. The farmsteads and associated buildings are also agricultural. includes any extractive use, principally quarries and sand pits Continuous canopy or solid tree cover, woodland, natural lands, marshes, and swamps. Wooded areas which are emerging from formerly agricultural fields are interpreted as wooded if, in the judgment of the interpreter, the wooded category dominates Vacant land is not clearly wooded, not agricultural, not developed, is cleared or unused and not tied to other uses Water areas include rivers, streams, lakes and ponds F-1

2 LAND USE MAPPING Data Compilation Base map information, including roads, county and municipal boundaries, and land use were compiled using ArcGIS, version 9.3. ArcGIS is an analytical software which allows manipulation and analysis of data from a variety of different sources. The base map information was supplemented by an AutoCAD drawing of Philadelphia International Airport, flight tracks and noise contours generated by the Integrated Noise Model, version 7.0, and other data obtained from the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission. The 2000 U.S. Census data, at the block level, was combined with the GIS land use file to calculate the population and housing incompatibilities within the noise contours. For each census block, the ratio of population to housing was determined and that ratio was applied to each dwelling unit. The housing and population incompatibilities for each of the noise contours were determined by merging the noise contour data files with the GIS land use file. The number of residential structures and population within each DNL noise contour level were then determined by an automated count. Noise-Sensitive Public Facilities Noise-sensitive public facilities include schools, churches, libraries, hospitals, nursing homes and cemeteries. Noise sensitive public facilities were derived from a number of different sources. Schools and churches initially were extracted from a national GIS data set made available by Environmental Systems Research Institute. Once compiled, the schools and churches were checked against the DVRPC s land use category of community service. Nursing homes, libraries, cemeteries and hospitals originated from on-line research, as well as from various paper maps of the study area. Many of the noise-sensitive facilities in the study area were also field checked for accuracy. Table F-1 summarizes the noise-sensitive public facilities. These facilities are mapped on Figures 1 through 6 in Section 5. Table F-1 Noise-sensitive Public Facilities Schools Academy Park High School Amosland Elementary School Ashland Middle School Aldan Elementary School Archbishop Ryan School Archbishop Diamano School Glenolden School Bartram High School Blessed Virgin Mary School Bregy Elementary School Colwyn Elementary School Chester High School Chester Charter School George Crothers Memorial School Columbus Elementary School Darby Township Elementary School Delaware County Area Vocational-Technical School-Folcroft Delcroft Elementary School Kinder Care Learning Center 222 Eddystone Elementary School F-2

3 Table F-1 Noise-sensitive Public Facilities Edgewood Elementary School Grace Park Elementary School Fell Elementary School Harris Elementary School Early Learners Fundamental School Ted Di Renzo Montessori School Holy Spirit School (Philadelphia) Holy Spirit School (Sharon Hill) Interboro High School Lake View Elementary School Leedom Elementary School Norwood Elementary School Our Lady of Fatima School Our Lady of Peace School Our Lady of Perpetual Help School Park Lane Elementary School Patterson Elementary School Penn Wood West Middle School Prospect Park Elementary School / Kindergarten Center Ridley Middle School Ridley High School Woodlyn Elementary School Lakeview Elementary School Saint Clements-Irenaeus School Saint Gabriel s School Saint George s School Saint Monica Junior School Philadelphia Performing Arts Charter School Motivation High School Saint Joseph s School Trinity Christian School Vare Middle School Girard Elementary School Girard Academy Music Program (GAMP) High School South Philadelphia High School Furness High School Bok Technical School Southwark Elementary School Epiphany of Our Lord School Key Elementary School Vare Elementary School Sharswood Elementary School Our Lady of Mount Carmel School Taggart Elementary School Fell Elementary School Thomas Middle School Stella Maris School AS Jenks Elementary School Saint Madeline-St. Rose School Saint Margaret Mary s School Saint Matthew s Regional School F-3

4 Table F-1 Noise-sensitive Public Facilities Morton Elementary School Saint Barnabas School Tilden Middle School Sacred Heart Preschool Sharon Hill Elementary School Sabold Elementary School Swarthmore-Rutledge Elementary School Swarthmore Friends Pre School National Park Elementary School Taggert Elementary School Thomas Junior High School Walnut Street Elementary School Communications Technology High School Billingsport Elementary School Loudenslager Elementary School Red Bank Elementary School Number 11 Oakview Elementary School Parkview Elementary School Shady Lane Elementary School Bellmawr Park Elementary School Archbishop Diamano Special Education School Most Holy Redeemer School Larc School Bonsall Elementary School Sumner Elementary School Sacred Heart School (Camden) RT Cream Elementary School HB Wilson Elementary School Morgan Village Middle School Mary E. Costello Elementary School Alice Costello Elementary School Gloucester City Adult High School Gloucester Catholic High School St. Mary s School (Gloucester) Cold Spring School Springfield High School ET Richardson Middle School Saint Kevin s School Blesses Katherine Drexel School Primos Elementary School Saint Eugene s School Saint John Chrysostom School (Wallingford) Notre Dame DeLourdes School Ancona Montessori School Saint Francis of Assisi School Saint Margaret s School Saint Michael s School Saint Patrick s School Saint Richard s School Calvary Temple Christian Academy Verga School F-4

5 Table F-1 Noise-sensitive Public Facilities Summit School Nether Providence Elementary School Broadstreet Elementary school Wallingford Elementary School Strath Haven Middle School Strath Haven High School Wetherill Elementary School Paulsboro High School Saint John s School (Paulsboro) Nehaunsey Middle School West Deptford Middle School West Deptford High School Woodbury Junior/Senior High School Tinicum Elementary School All State Career Truck School George Pepper Middle School Penrose Elementary School Churches Victoria Church Grace Church Temple Ohev Sholom Holy Trinity Church Leiper Church Blue Church Princeton Church Karmel Church New Life Community Bible Church Prospect Hill Church Saint Pauls Church (Paulsboro) Berkley Church Zion Church Saint John Chrysostom Church (Wallingford) Eastwick United Methodist Church St. John s Evangelist Church St. Marks Church Ridley Park Presbyterian Church Kingdom Hall St. Margaret Mary Church St. Mary Church (Gloucester) Tinicum Lutheran Church St. George Church Union Church American Methodist Episcopal Church St. Eugene s Church Eastwick Worship Center (United Methodist Church) Libraries Free Library of Philadelphia (Island Avenue) Free Library of Philadelphia (South Broad Street) Free Library of Philadelphia (Shunk Street) Free Library of Philadelphia ( Snyder Avenue) Darby Free Library F-5

6 Table F-1 Noise-sensitive Public Facilities Folcroft Public Library Collingdale Public Library Tinicum Memorial Public Library Glenolden Library Norwood Public Library Prospect Park Free Library Assoc. Ridley Park Public Library Ridley Township Public Library Nursing Homes Little Flower Manor Older Adults Senior Citizens (Glenolden) Connor Williams Nursing Home Older Adults Senior Citizens (Ridley Park) Ross Manor Nursing Home Prospect Park Health and Rehab Residence Belvedere Nursing Home Cobbs Creek Nursing Center St. Francis Country Manor Holy Family Home Inglis Home Hospitals Mercy Fitzgerald Hospital Methodist Hospital Crozer Medical Center Cemeteries Eastlawn Cemetery Eden Memorial Cemetery Har Zion Cemetery Holy Cross Cemetery Mount Jacob Cemetery Mount Lawn Cemetery Mount Lebenon Cemetery Mount Zion Cemetery Chester Rural Cemetery F-6

7 HISTORIC PROPERTY INFORMATION As part of the land use analysis, research was conducted on historic properties located in proximity to the Airport. A historic property is a building, structure, district, object, or site that is listed in or has been determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. A national historic landmark is a historic property that the Secretary of the Interior has designated a National Historic Landmark. The National Register of Historic Places is the official list of the Nation s cultural resources worthy of preservation. The Register was authorized under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, and is administered by the National Park Service under the Secretary of the Interior. Given that some historic properties are composed of resources for which solitude, quiet, or contemplation contribute to, or define, the reason for their significance, it is important to inventory and document the location of listed or eligible historic properties in any noise assessment. The historic properties near PHL are detailed below. Refer to Figure 2-5 for the locations of these resources. Fort Mifflin (Registered National Historic Landmark) Fort Mifflin is located within the City of Philadelphia on the east side of the airport, and very near the end of Runway 27L. The fort is open to the public and provides interpretive-educational programs highlighting the historical aspects of the Fort. Fort Mifflin was designed and constructed by the British in 1771 to protect the first city of the Colonies, particularly at a time when war with the French seemed imminent. The English government decided to erect a series of fortifications around Philadelphia. The principal fortification was planned for installation on what was known at the time as Mud Island located about 500 feet from the mainland in the Delaware River just below its confluence with the Schuylkill River. The island was diked and filled in about 1770, and work began on the construction of the Fort walls in Construction was stopped in 1773 as the political tensions rose in the Colonies. Once the Declaration of Independence was adopted in 1776, the Americans completed the construction of the fort and other defense structures such as sunken obstacles in the river, earthen embankments, and palisades. The siege of the Fort by the British took place in November According to research, an estimated 50 shots per minute were fired at the Fort in an event that was considered the most severe bombardment of the Revolutionary War. More than half of a 450-man garrison were reportedly killed or wounded and the American defenders were forced to abandon the Fort and the British fleet was able to reach Philadelphia. The Fort underwent its first restoration in 1779 and the U.S. Army used the Fort until In 1959 it was turned over to the City of Philadelphia and in 1970 the Fort was designated a National Historic Landmark. Fort Mifflin on the Delaware began an ongoing restoration and preservation effort in 1984 and now hosts educational tours and events, historical reenactments, and entertainment services for those who are interested in history. The Printzhof Site (Registered National Historic Landmark) The seven-acre Printzhof site is located at Taylor Avenue and 2nd Street in the Governor Printz Park in Tinicum Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. The park was the location of a small fortress and residence that housed Pennsylvania s first European government, that of New Sweden. In 1643, John Printz established the community and the capital building of the 17th century Swedish settlements, the Printzhof. At the time, the settlement included several houses, a church, a school, and a court of law. Conquered first in 1655 by the Dutch and then the English in 1664, New Sweden vanished from history including the Printzhof. Today, the first governor of Pennsylvania, John Printz, is commemorated with a statue erected in 1972 and a self-guided walking tour. F-7

8 The Lazaretto (National Register Site) The Lazaretto is one of the nation s first immigration quarantine stations. In 1799 there was concern over a possible epidemic of yellow fever and prompted officials to relocate the quarantine station farther from Philadelphia. The site selected was in Tinicum on a ten-acre site on present day Wannamaker Avenue and 2nd Street on the Delaware River. For nearly a century, the Lazaretto served as a quarantine hospital for Philadelphia bound ships. It could isolate up to 500 people with yellow fever or other infectious diseases. The name Lazaretto comes from the Italian word lazzaro, which means leper. The quarantine functions were moved to Marcus Hook in By 1900 the Lazaretto grounds had become a resort operated by the Philadelphia Athletic Club. In 1915, the Philadelphia Seaplane Base was established and was commandeered by the United States Army Signal Corps in 1916 and remained Chambers Field. The Lazaretto building was used as the main barracks and headquarters at the time. The property was on the market for years and was purchased in 2000 by a developer with plans to demolish the building for future development purposes. However, township officials, representatives from the Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia, and the Delaware County Planning Commission have been working with the owners to determine how the building could be preserved and incorporated into a commercial development. Corinthian Yacht Club (National Register Eligible) The privately owned Corinthian Yacht Club of Philadelphia is located in Tinicum, Delaware County, Pennsylvania adjacent to the Governor Printz Park. It occupies the site of the 17th century Swedish Fort Gottenberg which was destroyed by the Dutch in The central section of the present building was constructed originally as an inn by John Hart. Presently the private Yacht Club operates a fully staffed clubhouse located on a seven-acre estate that is used for a variety of for-hire events such as weddings, banquets, etc. Youth sailing programs are held in the summer for a three-week period as well. Westinghouse Village (National Register Eligible) The Westinghouse Village Historic District is located in Tinicum Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. An early planned subdivision for workers of the Westinghouse Electric Company, the unincorporated Westinghouse Village is comprised of 196 residential units in 42 buildings. The buildings contain an even number of units, ranging from 2, 4, 6, or 8 units. The western geographical boundary of Westinghouse Village is generally delineated by a service road or alley located approximately 1,000 feet west of Saude Avenue. The village s remaining boundaries are delineated by Delaware Street on the north, by Jansen Avenue on the east, and by Governor Printz Boulevard on the south. Seneca Street, on an east-west orientation, bisects the village. Westinghouse Village was laid out in 1918 and erected over the next several years. Designed by Philadelphia architect Clarence Wilson Brazer, the planned residential community served as companyowned worker housing for employees of the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company s South Philadelphia Works. Located southeast of the village, the Westinghouse plant was separated only by Powhattan Avenue prior to the road s circa-1946 improvement/widening as S.R (also known locally as Governor Printz Boulevard or Industrial Highway) and the Philadelphia and Reading Railway s Chester Branch. The buildings in the Westinghouse Village are now privately owned, and most remain in good condition. The Westinghouse Village Historic District includes a total of 44 resources, 42 of which are contributing to the district. All contributing buildings within the district are multi-unit dwellings. Two single-family dwellings, located on the south side of Delaware Street at the district s northern end, are non-contributing resources in the Westinghouse Village Historic District. The Westinghouse Village Historic District is recommended eligible for listing on the National Register for its association with the expansion of housing associated with activities relating to World War I. The village s 42 contributing buildings represent a grand plan devised by Clarence Wilson Brazer, F-8

9 Westinghouse s town planning architect, that, due to the end of World War I, was never fully realized. Through its mix of Dutch Colonial Revival and Colonial Revival architecture, varying pattern of setbacks, and landscape design, Westinghouse Village Historic District conveys the feeling, setting, and design of a planned, World War I residential community. Although the South Philadelphia Works is no longer owned by the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company and the plant is separated from the village by the four-lane Industrial Highway and modern development, the Westinghouse Village Historic District retains its integrity of location. Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company s South Philadelphia Works (National Register Eligible) The property at 10 Industrial Highway, Tinicum Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, is associated with the former Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company. The acre property currently consists of 20 buildings and 2 structures situated amidst a circular system of roads and bounded on the north and south by two rail lines. When initially constructed in 1917, the property consisted of an erecting shop and two adjoining machine shops, a forge shop, a power house (no longer extant), a foundry (no longer extant), and a pattern shop. By 1929, a third machine shop and a light manufacturing building were in operation. An office building and the merchant marine plant date to The salvage building dates to 1942, and the small turbine erecting shop dates to Multiple businesses currently operate from the property. The property is managed by Tinicum Industrial Partners. As a leader in steam turbine production, the South Philadelphia Works employed more than 13,000 workers during its heyday. The arrangement of the buildings reflects the company s expansion following World War I and its rapid expansion as part of World War II. The property also represents a prominent early- to mid-twentieth-century manufacturing corporation that prospered on lucrative wartime military production and successfully adapted to peace-time manufacturing until inflation in the later decades of the twentieth century forced the consolidation and centralization of its workforce. Thus the Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company s South Philadelphia Works is eligible for listing on the National Register for its association with manufacturing trends. The retention of approximately 80 percent of its original historic fabric (in terms of number of buildings), in its original location, conveys the scale and character of twentieth-century manufacturing processes. The orientation and siting of many buildings on the property relate to how materials were transported into and how products were exported from the property. Although several elements of the property, including buildings and railroad sidings, have been removed, the property still retains the spatial relationships between the various buildings. Although the property presently serves a variety of businesses and manufacturers in each of the buildings, the property overall retains the feeling and setting of a major early- to mid-twentieth-century manufacturing establishment through its proximity to rail lines and its circular network of access roads. Philadelphia Naval Shipyard District and Marine Barracks (National Register Listed) The Philadelphia Naval Shipyard Historic District was listed in the National Register on December 22, 1999 for its roles in the history of U.S. Navy shipbuilding and repair, naval aviation, and U.S. Marine Corps training and deployment, as well as its embodiment of distinctive characteristics of a period of construction and its representation of a significant and distinguishable entity. The Philadelphia Navy Yard was the country s first naval shipyard. The origins of The Navy Yard date back to the founding of the country in 1776, when the Continental Congress leased land along Philadelphia s Front Street docks to support the new nation s fledgling Navy. The site became an official part of the United States Navy in 1801, but was moved to its current location around the time of the Civil War. Over the ensuing years, The Navy Yard became a vital part of the Navy s logistical and industrial infrastructure. Many of the Navy s most significant technological advances and historic ships were produced at the Philadelphia site. F-9

10 Because of shifting requirements, the Navy officially closed the Yard in 1995, but significant military facilities remain, including the Navy Ship Systems Engineering Station. In the years since, The Navy Yard has grown to be a significant mixed-use office, research and industrial park, including being home to one of the world s most advanced commercial shipbuilding facilities (the Aker Philadelphia Shipyard), and the corporate headquarters for several large and diverse companies. Red Bank Battlefield Park (National Register Listed) Red Bank Battlefield Park, is located along the banks of the Delaware River in National Park, New Jersey. Red Bank Battlefield contains monuments at the site where Ft. Mercer was located. The site is now marked by a battlefield monument of a tall stone column surmounted by the figure of a Revolutionary War solider, which was dedicated in Six cast iron canons are displayed around this monument. Further to the north is a small stone battle monument which was dedicated in To the east of these are the remains of the earthwork trenches of Ft. Mercer, now covered by grass and hedges. The park was listed on the National Register on October 31, Soupy Island Sanitarium Playground (National Register Eligible) The Soupy Island Sanitarium Playgrounds property is located along the southern bank of the Delaware River within the neighborhood of Red Bank in New Jersey. The property is bounded by the Delaware River to the north, Red Bank Avenue to the east, Front Street to south, and Center Street to the west. The property is comprised of 13 buildings and three structures and is landscaped with mature trees and recreation areas. The Sanitarium was founded in 1877 with the purpose of providing economically disadvantaged city children with the opportunity for fresh air recreation. In 1886, the Sanitarium Association of Philadelphia moved the operation to the present day site. Steamboats provided transportation to and from the park until At the turn of the century, daily attendance ranged between 1,500 and 2,000 children. The property continues to operate during the summer months, although daily attendance currently averages approximately 500 visitors. The recommendation of this property to be eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places received New Jersey State Historic Preservation Officer concurrence on February 8, F-10