Texas Preventive Radiological/Nuclear Detection (PRND) Program May 17, 2018 Texas Office of Homeland Security Texas Department of State Health Services City of Dallas City of Houston
Purpose To provide information on the state s Preventive Radiological/Nuclear Detection (PRND) Program, including: Intent Stakeholders Operational processes Equipment and training Local/regional initiatives To address any questions 2
Agenda Texas PRND program overview (OHS) Detection operations and reachback (DSHS) PRND training opportunities (DSHS) Dallas PRND program overview (City of Dallas) Houston PRND program overview (DSHS for City of Houston) 3
PRND Program Supports Texas Homeland Security Strategy Goal 2: Reduce the state's vulnerability to terrorist and criminal attacks and natural and technological disasters. Objective 2.2: Reduce the risk of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high-yield explosives (CBRNE) incidents by enhancing control and early detection capabilities. Priority Action 2.2.1: Strengthen statewide capability to detect, confirm, analyze, and assess chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear events. 4
Preventive Radiological & Nuclear Detection: Unlike Biological/Chemical detection systems which detect to warn and treat after a release, RND = Detect to Prevent Multi-Discipline Program with a Law Enforcement Focus LE typically on leading edge of detection, but often with Fire/HazMat and Public 5 Health support elements to address immediate safety and regulatory issues
Common Radiation Sources Medical isotopes Products containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (construction, agriculture, electronics, etc.) Industrial radiography Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) shipments and other regulated movements 6
Program Development Drivers Consequences of RADIOLOGICAL Terrorism are significant: Hindered response efforts: Radiation or contamination may delay and complicate response efforts. Physically injured personnel receive a delay in treatment due to fear of contamination. Economic effects: Clean-up of facilities and areas will have a major impact to the community, causing denial of use until they are decontaminated or destroyed Health Effects: High activity sources can cause health effects to those in close proximity. Psychological impact of contamination requiring public shelter or evacuation and concerns about cancer. Public anxiety and its effects may be the primary lasting health impact. 7
Program Development Drivers While a low probability, the consequences of NUCLEAR terrorism are far worse: Mass casualties (100,000+) from blast, thermal effects, and radiation (prompt radiation and fallout) Severely hindered response operations due to continuing radiation threat and overwhelming scale Highly complex public information challenge (shelter in place vs. evacuate, etc.) Long-term radiological health and psychological effects Major economic effects at local, state, and national level 8
Background Nuclear Sector Working Group formed in August 2015 The mission of the Texas Nuclear Sector Working Group is to increase the prevention, protection, security, and resiliency of the State of Texas through effective policy recommendations, planning, training and equipping of agencies involved in radiological/nuclear prevention and response activities. State-level PRND Program development effort conducted December 2015-present Significant support from DHS/CWMD Office 9
NSWG Agencies 6th Civil Support Team Advocates for Responsible Disposal in Texas Austin Fire Department Austin UASI, Travis County City of San Antonio Comanche Peak Nuclear Power Plant Dallas-Arlington-Fort Worth UASI Dallas Fire Rescue HAZMAT Dallas Police Department Department of State Health Services El Paso UASI Federal Bureau of Investigation Houston UASI, STC Program San Antonio UASI San Antonio Police Department South Texas Project Texas A&M University Texas DPS Aircraft Operations Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Texas Division of Emergency Management Texas Joint Crime Information Center Texas Highway Patrol Texas Office of Homeland Security Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Texas Radiation Advisory Board Southwest Research Institute Texas Rangers University of Texas, Austin University of Texas, Permian Basin US Department of Homeland Security/Counter Weapons of Mass Destruction Office and more 10
Unified PRND Program Plan and Strategy Developed 2016 11
State of Texas PRND Program STRATEGY 9 pages High level public document 12
State of Texas PRND Program PLAN ~120 Pages OUO Document Program document and operational resource 13
PRND Program Plan: Describes Functional Roles & Responsibilities 14
PRND Program Plan: Provides reference info for agency policy/sop development, grant writing, and planning 15
Texas PRND Plans Completed PRND Plans in State: -State of Texas PRND Program Plan -Texas Parks and Wildlife RND Conops -DFW PRND Plan -Houston PRND Plan/Securing the City Grant
Other NSWG Initiatives Survey of State/Local Agency PRND capabilities (2016) CONOPS/SOP Workshop (2017) Federal, State, and Local agency participation Steady state, Special event, and Stolen source scenarios discussed Quick-look report and Improvement Plan developed Equipment acquisition and fielding (ongoing) Agency PRND SOP development (ongoing) Border region detection surge operation (Feb 2018) 17
Ongoing Equipment Acquisitions PRND Grant Allocations 2018 Recipient Equipment Quantity Austin San Antonio Bexar County El Paso DPS DSHS SPRD with Gamma and Neutron capability and programming and test accessories - 6 units but may vary based on pricing 6 SPRD with Gamma and programming and test accessories - 12 units but may vary depending on final vendor pricing 12 MiniRad-Ds (1-9) (1) [$1k] - Personnel Radiation Detector 9 MiniRad-Ds (1-9) (1) [$1k] - Personnel Radiation Detector 13 2 FLIR R-400 Identifinder Radiation Detectors 2 BNC 945 GN RIID (3) [$15.6k] - Handheld spectrometer 1 PRD Response Checks [$50] 5 BNC 945 GN RIID (3) [$15.6k] - Handheld spectrometer 6 Smiths Radseeker CS - Handheld Radioisotope Identifier 1 PRD Response Checks [$300] 5 MiniRad-Ds (1-9) (1) [$1k] - Personnel Radiation Detector 34 BNC 945 GN RIID (3) [$15.6k] - Handheld spectrometer 2 PRD Response Checks [$50] 5 SPRD Kits [$600] (5) 1 MiniRad-Ds (1-9) (1) [$1k] - Personnel Radiation Detector 28 SPRD (2), bluetooth enabled, +N [$4.4k] - Personnel Radiation Detector 52 BNC 945 GN RIID (3) [$15.6k] - Handheld spectrometer 4 PRD Response Checks [$50] 32 SPRD Kits [$600] (5) 8 SPRD (2), bluetooth enabled, +N [$4.4k] - Personnel Radiation Detector 4 SPRD Kits [$600] (5) 2 18
Future NSWG Initiatives Complete planned equipment acquisition, fielding, and training Complete development of state and local agency SOPs Revise PRND Program Plan to reflect new Federal processes Survey on local PRND equipment to sharpen understanding of statewide capabilities and inform future equipment acquisitions Continued socialization of PRND Program and CONOPS Additional border region detection surge operations 19
-3000 Radioactive Material Licensees -15 Regional Radioactive Material Inspectors -5 Investigators -All equipped with SAMS 940 RIID and Thermo SPRD-GN RIID DSHS PRND STATE and REGIONAL SUPPORT RIID Radiation Isotope Identification Device
PRND Program Plan: Describes Basic Alarm Adjudication Process Finding radioactive material Identifying the type of radioactive material Assessing potential threats using the totality of information Reachback provides remote analysis and technical support 21
Triage/Reachback - Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) 512-458-7460 RAMASSIST@dshs.texas.gov -National Operations Center (NOC) 877-363-6522 noc.cwmd@hq.dhs.gov -Department of Energy (DOE) 202-586-8100 triage.data@hq.doe.gov triage.data@lnnl.gov triage.data@lanl.doe.gov Always copy DSHS since we regulate all radioactive material in Texas
Texas DPS PRND -Purchased and deploying 125 Thermo SPRDs and 4 Backpacks in the border regions. -CTOS PRND Training from April-July 2018 at the following locations (Typically 30 hours of training): McAllen/Weslaco April 30-May 4 Laredo May 21-25 El Paso July 9-13 and July 16-20.
CTOS PRND Training Focus Group February 2018 Needs of state, local responders. Most of Federally offered training for radiation under CTOS including DNDO. Expanding training offered beyond traditional operations course. New 4 day technician level course coming at CTOS Nevada Test Site. More Management Level Training. 17,658 certificates issued in 2016.
PRND and Response Mission Mobile Training Program Law Enforcement Awareness Operations Introduction Level Introduction to R/N WMD Operations -WBT-TtT Introduction to R/N WMD Operations Law Enforcement -WBT-TtT Introduction to R/N WMD Incidents For Intel-Fusion Instrument Training Radiation Instruments Operations -TtT Radiation Instrument Employment Radiation Detector Kit- Support and Mission Specific Training PPE Course Per NFPA 472 Rad Responder WBT PRND Screener Type 2 Primary Screener- -TtT Backpack Operations for the Primary Screener--TtT Mobile System Operations for the Primary Screener PRND Screener Type 1 Secondary Screener General Response Operations Operations Level Response to R/N WMDs MTT-1 Day- Operations Level Response to R/N WMD for Law Enforcement MTT-1 Day- Mass Decon for R/N WMD Operations Per NFPA 472 Improvised Nuclear Device Response Operations MTT-1 Day- PRND Specific Response Specific Advanced Operation s PRND Team Operation PRND Maritime Operations Underdevelopment First Line Supervisor Introduction to IND Effects and Response Strategies--WBT Company Operations for R/N WMD Response per NFPA Chapter 10 PRND Team Leader PRND Program Management Comman d Level Key Leader Training & IND Response- Command and Safety Operations for R/N WMD Response- PRND Program Overview for Key Leaders- 25
PRND and Response Mission Mobile Training Program Fire Service Awareness Operations Introduction Level Introduction to R/N WMD Operations -WBT-TtT Introduction to R/N WMD Operations EMS-Healthcare -WBT-TtT Instrument Training Radiation Instruments Operations -TtT Radiation Instrument Employment Radiation Detector Kit- Support and Mission Specific Training PPE Course Per NFPA 472 Rad Responder WBT PRND Screener Type 2 Primary Screener- -TtT Backpack Operations for the Primary Screener--TtT Mobile System Operations for the Primary Screener PRND Screener Type 1 Secondary Screener General Response Operations Operations Level Response to R/N WMDs MTT-1 Day- Operations Level Response to R/N WMD for EMS/Health Care MTT-1 Day- Mass Decon for R/N WMD Operations Per NFPA 472 Improvised Nuclear Device Response Operations MTT-1 Day- Population Monitoring for CRC PRND Specific Response Specific Advanced Operation s PRND Team Operation PRND Maritime Operations ROSS Radiological Operations. Support Specialist Underdevelopment First Line Supervisor Introduction to IND Effects and Response Strategies--WBT Company Operations for R/N WMD Response per NFPA Chapter 10 PRND Team Leader PRND Program Management CRC Management and Operations Course PRND Program Management Comman d Level Key Leader Training & IND Response- Command and Safety Operations for R/N WMD Response- PRND Program Overview for Key Leaders- EOC Operations and Support for R/N WMD Response- 26
PRND and Response Mission Mobile Training Program EMS / Healthcare Awareness Operations Introduction Level Introduction to R/N WMD Operations -WBT-TtT Introduction to R/N WMD Operations EMS-Healthcare -WBT-TtT Instrument Training Radiation Instruments Operations -TtT Radiation Instrument Employment Radiation Detector Kit- Support and Mission Specific Training PPE Course Per NFPA 472 PRND Screener Type 2 Primary Screener- -TtT General Response Operations Operations Level Response to R/N WMDs MTT-1 Day- Operations Level Response to R/N WMD for EMS/Health Care MTT-1 Day- Mass Decon for R/N WMD Operations Per NFPA 472 Population Monitoring for CRC Improvised Nuclear Device Response Operations MTT-1 Day- PRND Specific Response Specific Advanced Operation s ROSS Radiological Operations. Support Specialist Underdevelopment First Line Supervisor Introduction to IND Effects and Response Strategies--WBT Company Operations for R/N WMD Response per NFPA Chapter 10 CRC Management and Operations Course Comman d Level Key Leader Training & IND Response- Command and Safety Operations for R/N WMD Response- 27
City of Dallas PRND Program Overview Conducted Primary, Secondary, and Area Sweeps Training in September 2017 in Unified training between Dallas PD and DFR Hazmat Technicians 28
City of Dallas PRND Program Overview SOP Developed in 2012, currently under review 8 Dallas Police officers and one SWAT Sniper Trained 2 Members attended FEMA PRND Team Leaders Pilot Course December 2017 Currently have 14 Spectral-Personal Radiation Detectors, 4 Type 2 RIIDS, and 1 Mobile Unit Two Gamma-Neutron Area Sweep Back Packs Goal is to have all DPD Officers and DFR front line apparatus deployed with early warning devices by 2020 29
City of Dallas PRND Program Overview Deployed NCAA Women's Final Four 2017 Deployed TX/OU State Fair 2017 Presidential and Vice Presidential Dignitary Detection as Primary Screener NRA Convention May 2018 PRND included in JHAT/JHIT Team CONOPS 30
City of Houston s PRND Program (What started it all) The current Securing the Cities program began with a what if question to DNDO. What would the results be if an improvised nuclear weapon was detonated in Houston? Mass casualties Wide spread fallout Is it better to shelter in place or evacuate? What would /could first responders do to assist recovery? When would federal resources arrive? Ultimately, it was decided that prevention is far better than response. But how is that done? 31
Houston UASI PRND With the assistance of DNDO, we established working groups and began to write a Concept of Operations. Like all good plans, we plagiarized a former DNDO initiative for Dallas. Saves time, helps standardize across state Tweak as necessary! Hoping that one day we would receive the DHS Securing the Cities grant, we wrote our plan using common terms, formatting and procedures in order that we wouldn t have to redo everything should we get the STC grant. 32
Leverage Regional Resources We built upon existing frameworks UASI region of 5 counties already had working relationships Existing expertise Bomb Squads Stabilization team Hazmat teams Existing plans DNDO assistance Workload is shared 33
STC Grant Awarded Summer 2015, Houston awarded the STC grant Up to 5 years of funding Cooperative agreement, more tightly administered than other grants (preapproval for projects required) Up to $30 million in equipment, training, and support from DHS. Current funding provides for $8mil PRDs $1mil RIIDs $1mil Backpack systems $1mil training through CTOS annually Houston STC begins to build a capability and not just a plan of operation 34
Region is Critical The IND and RDD threats impact more than one target city A successful program involves rings of detection It s better to interdict away from populated areas No single agency can support this scale of detection Better buy-in from regional partners if they are part of the development process Officers often work outside their normal districts (plan accordingly) Single go-to number for regional support Standardization means inter-operable Support for special events and activations 35
Requesting Support (Essential Help for Primary Screeners) HOURGLASS Houston Radiological Guidance, Logistics and Support Site Incorporated into existing HPD Command Center (24/7) Already trained to make notifications or request support Developed a resources list identified by city / county Assists officers working outside their normal jurisdiction Aid officers by contacting support personnel that respond to the officer s location based on what s needed Local (i.e. secondary screeners, bomb squad, hazmat) State (State Health, DPS-CMV, TPW) Federal (FBI, USCG) Developing GIS based system to aid with licensee information Can provide phone support when an officer is unsure of procedures (common for first radiation alarm) 36
Use Synergy not Kluge (Kluge= clumsy & patched together but still works) EQUIPMENT Committee -selected model -helped set alarm values -maintenance planning OPERATIONS Committee -# units / agency -helped set alarm values -standardized conops INFO SHARING Committee -regional reporting for alarms -notifications procedures -linked federal, state and local comms TRAINING Committee -timed training with issuance of gear -established basic and recurring requirements -coordinated 6 police academies for training sites 37
Simplify or Die Officers already have a full day s worth of assignments Add in detection capability without additional workload Make reporting a breeze (simple phone call or web form) Provide a common go-to number for all resources It could be years before they encounter a rad alarm Needs to be 24/7 and easy to locate to be effective Equipment needs to be expendable or it won t be used If officers are afraid of losing or damaging gear, they won t deploy with it No hassle repair or replacement as long as no neglect involved Use commendations to reward equipment usage Notify chief or sheriff when alarm report sent in Gives feedback as to whether the detectors are being used or not Maintaining motivation for officers to use gear is most difficult part of program 38
Make Things Simple For Officers (everything they need is on the labels) 39
Prosecutors Comments (based on Houston regional D.A.s) Brief your prosecutors of your program Use bump cards to verify equipment works properly (like radar units) Radiation alarm alone is reasonable suspicion for a stop (but it s better if you have other time proven reasons for the stop, i.e. traffic violation) Maintain a log of radiation alarms to prove we are not profiling Have sufficient secondary screeners to speed scene resolution (don t set bad case law) 40
Houston STC accomplishments and goals Jan-April 2018, trained and equipped 750 officers including 75 DPS troopers By August 2018, deploy 42 RIIDs regionally By Dec 2018, train and equip ~2000 officers By Dec 2019, train and equip ~5000 officers Currently seeking to expand East towards Louisiana and South towards the Border. Plans to expand support of State program with equipment and training. 41
If we can help, please contact us STC@houstontx.gov Houstonstc.org (Officers may request access to secure info by e-mailing us) 42
Contact Information Mike George (Texas OHS) Mike.george@dps.texas.gov 512.377.0042 Bobby Baker (Dallas Fire Rescue) bobby.baker@dallascityhall-tx.gov 214-670-8555 Chris Moore (Texas DSHS) Chris.Moore@dshs.texas.gov 512.834.6770 x2014 Charlie Johnson (Houston STC) Charlie.Johnson@houstontx.gov 713.854.8882 43