Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development

Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development 2017

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The purpose of this briefing is to introduce Te Matapihi he Tirohanga mō te Iwi Trust (Te Matapihi) as the national peak sector body supporting Māori housing, and to highlight issues of significance to the Māori housing sector that we believe warrant Ministers attention. Te Matapihi operates as an independent voice for Māori to advance better Māori housing outcomes. To achieve this, we perform systems advocacy to improve opportunities for Māori to develop their land for housing and improve their housing situations. We also develop mechanisms to build the capability and capacity of our sector, and produce research that supports evidence-based policy development. Te Matapihi advocacy to the government includes influencing: the creation of new laws or changes to current laws, the priorities and plans of government and non-government agencies, the policies and procedures that relate to services or systems, and the way in which government and nongovernment agencies provide services. We also endeavour to ensure there is a Māori voice on any advisory panel whose scope impacts the Māori housing sector. We believe that Ministerial leadership with regard to the following key issues will provide a significant impact on Māori housing outcomes: 1. Ongoing commitment to implementation, monitoring and evaluation of He Whare Āhuru He Oranga Tangata the Māori Housing Strategy, development of 2018-2020 priority actions, and continuation of the strategy beyond 2025. 2. Appointment of a Minister for Māori Housing or Māori Associate Minister for Housing and Urban Development. 3. Continuing and increasing the current appropriations for Māori housing currently administered by the Māori Housing Network Te Puni Kōkiri. 4. Revitalisation of the Māori Housing Act 1935. 5. Establishment of a Māori Housing Statutory Unit to operate as a landing place for all current and future investments for Māori housing outcomes (and administering in a coordinated manner), lead strategic implementation of He Whare Āhuru, He Oranga Tāngata The Māori Housing Strategy, and develop Māori housing policy. We also highlight the following strategic priorities for Te Matapihi for Ministers information: 1. Working with legal counsel to lodge an overarching Te Matapihi claim as part of the Social services, social development and housing kaupapa inquiry, scheduled to commence early 2018. 2. Coordinating public and private stakeholders to reform Kāinga Whenua and Māori housing finance more broadly, and to resolve ongoing barriers to owner development of Māori land. 3. Increasing capacity and capability within the sector, including through training and practitioner development opportunities, and through the development of a service delivery arm with the ability to assemble multi-disciplinary project teams, aggregate expertise, and expedite project delivery. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 2 of 27

4. Establishing a Māori housing research entity, capable of producing quick turnaround research and independent analysis, to promote the development of evidence-based policy and support Māori communities to access research expertise. 5. Developing terms of reference for ongoing formal engagement with central government housing agencies, the Minister(s) of Housing and Urban Development and appropriate advisory functions. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 3 of 27

TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 2 2.0 INTRODUCTION FROM THE CHAIR... 5 3.0 ABOUT TE MATAPIHI... 6 3.1 Background... 6 3.2 Governance... 6 4.0 MAJOR POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES... 8 4.1 Summary of priority issues for the incoming government... 8 4.2 Summary of priority issues for Te Matapihi... 14 APPENDIX 1 - GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF TE MATAPIHI... 18 APPENDIX 2 - ANALYSIS OF LABOUR HOUSING POLICY... 24 Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 4 of 27

2.0 INTRODUCTION FROM THE CHAIR Tēnā koutou e ngā Minita This briefing is provided in anticipation of kānohi ki te kānohi meetings and the development of a close working relationship between Te Matapihi and ministers responsible for Māori housing, in the hope that we can collectively develop housing policy which substantially improves Māori housing circumstances hei oranga mo te iwi. We look forward to responding to any queries you may have about this briefing and meeting in person prior to Christmas. Heoi anō Nāku noa, nā Rau Hoskins Chairperson Te Matapihi he Tirohanga mō te Iwi Trust Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 5 of 27

3.0 ABOUT TE MATAPIHI 3.1 Background Te Matapihi he Tirohanga mō te Iwi Trust was established in 2011 to advocate for Māori housing interests at a National level. We operate as an independent voice for the Māori housing sector, assisting in Māori housing policy development at both central and local government levels, supporting the growth of the sector through existing and emerging regional forums, and providing a platform for sharing high quality resources and information. Te Matapihi currently has trustees and delegates representing Māori housing forums and Māori housing providers in Te Tai Tokerau, Tāmaki Makaurau, Tainui, Te Tai Rāwhiti, Eastern Bay of Plenty and Te Whanganui-a-Tara, as well as strong connections in the Western Bay of Plenty. Te Matapihi wish to support the growth and development of other regional Māori housing forums around the motu and welcome the nomination of new delegates to represent these rohe. Te Matapihi arose from a call to action at the inaugural National Māori Housing Conference held in Rotorua in March 2010, to develop strategies and processes that could inform a national Māori housing advocacy role to central and local government. Following the inaugural Conference and meetings of the call to action steering group, a wānanga at Mataatua Marae, Māngere in May 2011 agreed to formulate a Trust and adopted the name Te Matapihi he Tirohanga mō te Iwi. Te Matapihi was legally constituted in October 2011 with the following objectives: To act as the peak sector body for Māori Housing To support existing and emerging regional Māori housing forums To assist in Māori housing policy development at central and local government levels To share high quality information and successful approaches To advocate for the wider Māori housing sector to Central government housing agencies The wānanga also accepted a tono from Te Tai Tokerau Māori housing providers to host the second National Māori housing Hui which was held at Waitangi in February 2012. The diagram on the following page illustrates the current organisational structure of Te Matapihi. 3.2 Governance Having been in operation since 2011, Te Matapihi recently underwent a governance review to ensure we remain effective in supporting Māori housing aspirations. The key recommendations of this review were: The establishment of a National Māori Housing Council - Te Kaunihera Puāwaitanga: the council will be comprised of regionally based representation. As well as providing a forum for discussion of regional Māori housing issues, the council will lead the development of a national Māori housing strategy by the sector, and monitor the Te Matapihi Executive Board s activities towards implementation of that strategy. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 6 of 27

The appointment of new Trustees to the Te Matapihi Executive Board: the current composition of regionally representative Trustees will be replaced with a trusteeship whose skills and expertise are closely aligned to the strategic priorities of the Māori housing sector. The call for expressions of interest from individuals active in the pursuit of Māori housing outcomes to take up governance roles, whether as inaugural members of the National Māori Housing Council, or as new Trustees of the Te Matapihi Executive Board closed as at 31 October 2017, with appointments expected to be in place prior to the end of 2017. The current Board consists of nine Trustees and regional representatives; details of all Board members are set out in the attached Appendix 1. Figure 1. Te Matapihi Organisational Structure For further information regarding the governance and management of Te Matapihi, including details of our current work programme, please see Appendix 1 attached. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 7 of 27

4.0 MAJOR POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES 4.1 Summary of priority issues for the incoming government According to the Māori Housing Network Investment Strategy 2015-2018, Māori housing need is characterised by poor quality of housing, high rates of tenancy subsidies, and low rates of home ownership. Furthermore, Māori are over-represented in measures of housing need: Over 11,700 Māori currently experience severe housing deprivation. 1 An estimated 1,290 Māori are homeless, 235 are in emergency housing, 1056 in commercial accommodation or on marae, and 9,149 live in severely overcrowded homes. 2 A further 22,184 Māori receive an income related rent subsidy as Housing New Zealand Corporation clients (34.5% of all recipients). 3 89,434 Māori receive an income and asset tested Accommodation Supplement. 4 43% of Māori are living in owner occupied homes, compared to the national average of 64.8%. 5 While the numbers of new houses built for whānau Māori are low relative to need, the Māori housing sector has responded to these challenges, and has experienced some growth in recent years. There have been a number of successful papakāinga developments across the country, and a range of responses by Māori organisations to addressing the need for affordable, secure, healthy and culturally appropriate housing. Te Matapihi s unique position as an independent advocate for Māori housing outcomes allows us to have a broad awareness of the current issues, priorities and activities within the Māori housing sector. Based on our experience in the sector over the past six years, we summarise below the priority issues we believe will make the most difference in addressing Māori housing issues. Prior to the national elections Te Matapihi provided an independent analysis of the major parties housing policies, with a focus on Māori housing outcomes. Given that Labour s policies will no doubt form a blueprint for the government s strategies, we have considered these in the development of our briefing. Te Matapihi support these policies in principle, and believe that with a sound approach to engaging with the Treaty partner, implementation of these policies will have a positive impact for Māori. With regard to Labour s pre-election housing policies in particular, Te Matapihi recommends: Iwi and Māori providers are engaged in the roll-out of the Kiwibuild programme, and that consideration is given to allocating a minimum number of homes to be developed in partnership with the Māori housing sector, and for purchase by Māori whānau. Māori have the opportunity to participate throughout all levels of the proposed Affordable Housing Authority, including governance, policy and programme design and implementation. The government encourages the growth of Māori housing providers, and considers their role in addressing the needs of the social housing sector. 1 Amore K, Viggers H, Baker, MG, & Howden-Chapman, P (2013). Severe housing deprivation: good quality housing. The problem and its measurement, Official Statistics Research Series, 6. 2 ibid 3 ibid 4 Ministry of Social Development data (March 2015). 5 2013 Census, Statistics New Zealand. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 8 of 27

Iwi, hapū and Māori service providers are engaged in the delivery of proposed home ownership programmes. A summary of our analysis of Labour s pre-election policies is attached at Appendix 2. 4.1.1 He Whare Āhuru, He Oranga Tangata the Māori Housing Strategy In 2014 the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) produced the government s national Māori Housing Strategy. He Whare Āhuru outlines six overarching strategic directions and related actions for the period 2014 2025. It also identifies priorities for the period 2014 2017. To summarise, the key outcomes envisaged by the strategy are: Improving housing outcomes for Māori and their whānau Increasing housing choices by growing the Māori housing sector. Its six directions are as follows: Ensure the most vulnerable Māori have secure tenure, and access to safe, quality housing with integrated support services Improve the quality of housing for Māori communities Support Māori and their whānau to transition to preferred housing choices Increase the amount of social housing provided by Māori organisations Increase housing on Māori-owned land Increase large-scale housing developments involving Māori organisations. Te Matapihi strongly supports this strategy, which provides a fair reflection of the priorities for the Māori housing sector, and which has also provided a basis for recent government investment in Māori housing initiatives, particularly via the Māori Housing Network. However, after the release of He Whare Āhuru, we have observed an apparent lack of progress with its implementation. This is likely due to a lack of ownership of the strategy at an agency level, and the consequent lack of an implementation plan and monitoring and evaluation processes. To give greater impetus to He Whare Āhuru, Te Matapihi recommends that: Leadership of the strategy is provided at a ministerial level: He Whare Āhuru provides a touchstone for the government s leadership stance on Māori housing outcomes. It can also be a focus point for high level discussions between the Crown and leadership within the Māori housing sector. Agency leadership of the strategy is clearly assigned: Clear direction is necessary as to which ministry is responsible for leading implementation of the strategy, and which ministries/ agencies have a support role. An implementation plan is developed: The implementation plan should: Consider regional needs and priorities Align with related government initiatives, including He Kai Kei Aku Ringa (Crown- Māori Economic Grown Partnership) and Whānau Ora Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 9 of 27

Align with sector-led strategies, such as that currently being developed by Te Matapihi, or strategies advocated by the Iwi Chairs Forum. Contain a monitoring and evaluation plan, upon which progress is reported to Māori housing sector stakeholders on an annual basis Provide the basis for future government appropriations relating to Māori housing activities. 4.1.2 Māori Housing Ministerial Portfolio Housing at all points along the housing continuum is a significant priority for Māori. It is widely recognised that housing is a major determinant of health and wellbeing, including social and economic wellbeing. Housing is at a crisis point, and as a significant proportion of those who experience social deprivation, this crisis is even more acutely felt by Māori. Te Matapihi believe it is important for the government to take a bold stance on housing for Māori. We acknowledge and support the new government s leadership in relation to housing via the establishment of the Minister for Housing and Urban Development portfolio. However, Te Matapihi are of the strong view that an equal emphasis on Māori housing is required to urgently address disparities. Therefore, we recommend that a Minister of Māori Housing is appointed to champion Māori housing outcomes, and to drive performance of Crown agencies in this regard. The Minister of Māori Housing would have a critical role in overseeing He Whare Āhuru (as referred to in the previous section), and in facilitating cross-government alignment, for example with the Minister of Māori Development, Minister of Whānau Ora and Minister for Crown-Iwi Relations and Minister for Treaty of Waitangi Negotiations. Alternatively, the government could consider appointing Māori Associate Minister for Housing and Urban Development. 4.1.3 Māori Housing Appropriations In recent years, government investment in Māori housing outcomes has come primarily via the Māori Housing Network within Te Puni Kōkiri. The Māori Housing Network currently administers an appropriation of $19.641 million, and is investing in the following focus areas 6 : Improving the quality of housing for whānau: Contributing to emergency housing solutions for whānau with desperate housing needs. Providing funding on home repairs, relocations, new builds, on infrastructure works to provide basic amenities. Engaging with whānau at a community level to assess their housing needs and direct them to government/ private sector services or funding to match their needs. Building the capability of whānau, hapū and iwi within the Māori housing sector: 6 Te Puni Kōkiri. (2015). The Māori Housing Network: Investment Strategy 2015-2018. Wellington: Author. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 10 of 27

Providing funding for housing project management, proposal development, feasibility studies and other capability related activities. Engaging with Māori housing providers for the purpose of information brokerage and relationship facilitation. Organising and holding papakāinga and home ownership workshops. Developing a register of Māori housing providers operating within the sector to understand the level of capability that currently exists. Increasing the supply of affordable housing for Māori Providing capital grant funding to Māori housing providers to contribute to (not fully fund) the development of small-scale affordable housing solutions. Influencing the policy levers of other government agencies to be directed towards increasing the supply of affordable housing for Māori. Building on relationships with communities to contribute to the Government s wider policies on housing affordability. There is a further appropriation of $9 million over three years for the Te Ara Mau Whare programme, which aims to assist more whānau into home ownership, and test innovative ways for whānau Māori to own their own homes. Te Matapihi has been involved in a variety of ways with many of the projects funded by the Māori Housing Network, including providing general advice to applicants, brokering strategic relationships, independent mediation and preparation of case studies. We are pleased to note that many projects have been successfully completed with support from Māori Housing Network funds, including a range of papakāinga initiatives and home repair programmes nationally. However, in our observation, Māori housing need far outstrips the funding available. Te Matapihi proposes that a significant increase in government appropriations is required to effectively address disparities in Māori housing outcomes. Whilst there has been notable investment in areas of high social deprivation, such as Te Tai Tokerau, it is apparent to us that there are pockets of high need across the country that are going largely unnoticed and unaddressed. Therefore, it is also recommended that regional needs assessments are undertaken to quantify the investment required and more effectively target it to areas of need. Moreover, the Māori Housing Network has experienced some challenges in operationalising its funds. Their small, centrally based team have managed exceptionally well, but would benefit from additional resource to increase the volume of projects they are able to engage in. Though support for the network has been forthcoming from Te Puni Kōkiri regional offices, regional staff are often unclear as to what is required from them, and are typically not experienced in dealing with housing projects. In our view, specialist knowledge by on-the-ground staff would be extremely worthwhile in ensuring the timely, effective and efficient delivery of Māori housing initiatives. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 11 of 27

4.1.4 Revitalisation of the Māori Housing Act 1935 In Te Matapihi s experience, the main impediment to developing housing on Māori land is the difficulty for prospective home owners in accessing finance. This is fundamentally because banks are unwilling to raise mortgages, as security cannot be taken against Māori land. The Kāinga Whenua loan scheme, administered by Housing New Zealand Corporation in association with Kiwibank, has been largely ineffective in addressing this impediment. A minimal number of loans have been approved since the scheme s inception, and its criteria are more restrictive than standard home loans. For example, there is a maximum loan of $200,000, and houses must be built on piles so they can be removed in the event of default. The Māori Housing Act (1935) states: For the purpose of providing dwellings and improved housing conditions for Māori the chief executive (Ministry of Māori Development) may, out of moneys appropriated by Parliament for the purposes of this Act, make advances to any person for all or any of the following purposes, namely: a) for the erection, repair, alteration, or improvement of any dwellings and of all necessary outbuildings, fences, and appurtenances attached thereto. b) for the repair, alteration, improvement, or installation in or in respect of any dwelling of a system of lighting, heating, sanitation, water supply, or other conveniences. c) for the purchase of land or interests in land as a site for a dwelling or dwellings: d) for the draining, cultivation, or general improvement of the land appurtenant to a dwelling. e) for the purchase of a dwelling or dwellings. f) for the payment of any moneys for the time being payable in respect of any dwelling or of any land that is or is intended to be the site of a dwelling or appurtenant to a dwelling, whether as rates, taxes, rent, moneys secured by any mortgage or charge, insurance premiums, or otherwise. g) for the payment of any single premium payable to an insurer approved by the chief executive in that behalf in respect of any mortgage or debt repayment insurance policy. It is under this Act that Māori Affairs houses were developed, and via which many whānau were able to access Māori Affairs loans to build homes on Māori land. This programme was regarded by many participants as leading to better-quality housing outcomes than later programmes 7. Although the provisions of the Māori Housing Act have not been utilised since the 1980 s, the act has never been repealed. The act provides an effective means for facilitating housing development on Māori land, as well as a range of other Māori housing outcomes, that is already at the government s disposal. Furthermore, a statutory commitment of this nature would provide a greater 7 Office of the Auditor General. (2011). Government planning and support for housing on Māori land. Retrieved from https://www.oag.govt.nz/2011/housing-on-māori-land/part2.htm Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 12 of 27

degree of certainty for the Māori housing sector, which is particularly important due to the extended duration of many housing projects. Therefore, Te Matapihi recommends that the Māori Housing Act is revitalised by: Reviewing the Act to ensure it is fit for purpose, and making any necessary amendments. Developing sound operational policies for its implementation. Making the appropriations necessary to give effect to the Act. 4.1.5 Māori Housing Statutory Unit Discussions with our regional networks, who have worked with the Social Housing Unit (SHU) in the past and with Te Puni Kōkiri, have led us to conclude that a specific Māori Housing Unit could significantly enhance the delivery of government support for Māori housing initiatives. Te Matapihi proposes that a Māori Housing Unit is established, ideally under the auspices of the revitalised Māori Housing Act. In our view, a statutory body is likely to be less vulnerable to organisational or political change, which has previously impacted confidence of the sector and impeded the achievement of housing outcomes for Māori. In our view, the role of the Māori Housing Unit could include (but would not be limited to): Providing a landing place for all investment in Māori housing outcomes, which is currently administered by multiple agencies, i.e. Te Puni Kōkiri, Ministry of Social Development and Housing New Zealand Corporation - this would allow Māori housing appropriations to be administered in a coordinated and strategic manner. Leading the implementation and ongoing maintenance of He Whare Āhuru the Māori Housing Strategy. Development of specific Māori housing policy in conjunction with Te Matapihi and the Māori housing sector. Housing all Māori housing products and providing a consistent decision-making framework. Protecting Māori housing investment into the foreseeable future. Potential advantages of the Māori Housing Unit include: Greater certainty in decision making and continuity within the Māori Housing portfolio. Decisions are less politically influenced and Māori stakeholders deal with less bureaucracy. Access to specialist skill sets relevant to the Māori housing sector. Direct reporting at a ministerial level, e.g. to the Minister of Māori Housing. A Māori Housing Unit, in conjunction with a Minister of Māori Housing and revitalised Māori Housing Act, would provide an unparalleled level of commitment to Māori housing outcomes, and engender confidence in the sector to undertake the scale of work necessary to make a significant difference to Māori whānau. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 13 of 27

4.2 Summary of priority issues for Te Matapihi 4.2.1 Social services, social development and housing Kaupapa Inquiry As the Waitangi Tribunal district inquiries into historical claims are approaching conclusion, the Tribunal s focus has shifted to consider thematic and contemporary claim issues (Crown actions or omissions post-21 September 1992). The Kaupapa Inquiry Programme, which was launched in April 2015, provides an opportunity for thematic grievances of National significance to be heard before the Tribunal, which may include both historical (grievances arising prior to 21 September 1992) and contemporary claim issues. The eleven kaupapa will be considered in an order to be determined by the Tribunal. The Māori Military Veterans Inquiry (WAI 2500) and the Health Services and Outcomes Inquiry (WAI 2575) are currently at the preparation stage. Social services, social development and housing is identified as one of eleven initial inquiry areas, with an indicative scope of issues (based on current registered claims) including urban and rural housing provision, and state housing. Given our unique position in the Māori housing sector, we believe there is capacity for a claim from Te Matapihi to advocate a significant position in the inquiry, whilst also supporting other groups in the development and preparation of their claims. The role played by the Hauora Coalition in the Health Services and Outcomes Inquiry is a relevant example of how a collective or peak body group can provide direction on the issues facing Māori in relation to housing both historically and in the contemporary era, and leadership through the claims process. The Tribunal has indicated that the inquiry into housing is likely to take the first steps early next year. In preparation for this, Te Matapihi are working with legal counsel to develop a brief of evidence. Through our regional outreach and engagement, we are advising iwi groups around the motu that we can provide support on the preparation of claims for any of regional or localised housing issues, either as part of the Te Matapihi claim, or provide support to lodge independently as appropriate. 4.2.2 Establishment of a Māori housing policy Think Tank The barriers to developing Māori land for housing are well documented, and include a wide range of issues relating to governance and management, land tenure and occupation, legal access, infrastructure, local Councils (including district plan provisions, rating and valuation, development contributions and resource consent fees), and landowner capacity and capability (to engage in development). Significant gains have been made in recent decades, however access to finance remains a persistent barrier. Kāinga Whenua is the first and only loan scheme to offer finance from a mainstream bank to owners of Māori land, and introducing Kāinga Whenua loans in 2009 was seen by Māori landowners as an important step in addressing the financial barriers to building housing on Māori land. Uptake, however, has been extremely low, and the Kāinga Whenua programme has yet to meet the expectations of owners of Māori land or of the agencies involved. The low uptake suggests that a fundamental rethink is required in terms of how we finance development and home ownership on Māori land. With Māori housing outcomes across several measures substantively below those of non-māori, persistent barriers and significant new emerging opportunities for Māori-led housing development, there is an urgent need to develop new legal and financial models that better support Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 14 of 27

our individual and collective housing needs and aspirations, on Māori land under both Māori freehold and General title. It is proposed that a Think Tank be established to tackle the issue of Kāinga Whenua, and the Māori housing finance more broadly. As a structure, a think tank is defined in terms of a temporary organisation or group focused on the resolution of a problem or task, particularly in the reams of science and technology. As a process or technique, it is defined as an in-depth consideration of issues and challenges whose relevance reaches beyond the individual person or program and the immediate time frame. The proposed Think Tank will be composed of Government agencies, financial and legal experts, banking sector reps and community practitioners, and will run for 6-8 months. Phase one of this project would determine what operational and policy changes are required to enable the Kāinga Whenua loan scheme to operate optimally, in line with the original policy intent. Phase two would look to develop a coordinated approach to Māori housing finance by both the public and private sector, and to design and implement innovative financing alternatives. It is proposed that the Think Tank would then move on to other significant Māori housing policy issues, including rating, valuation, landlocked land, paper roads, and public works. 4.2.3 Building the capacity and capability of our sector Through our Whakatipu portfolio, Te Matapihi have developed range of quality services tailored to suit the needs of our sector, which includes Māori communities, whānau groups and individuals seeking to develop their land for housing and improve their housing situations, and kaupapa Māori organisations involved in the provision of social and affordable housing. These include: Developing and disseminating high-quality Māori housing resources, including case studies, toolkits, videos and other plain language resources for publication on our website. Supporting the growth and development of regional organisational infrastructure, including the establishment of regional Māori housing forums. Coordinating the development of Māori housing training and education programmes, and the delivery of capacity building and networking events. Providing an independent mediation service to resolve disputes within Māori housing organisations, and between Māori housing organisations and Crown agencies and/or private sector organisations. Providing a governance development service to promote best practice and optimise reporting and performance. Providing a free consultation service to support Māori housing groups embarking on large or complex projects that are in the early stages of development, including identifying opportunities for collaboration, and providing or coordinating specialist technical advice. To expand on the services we are able to provide to our sector, Te Matapihi will investigate the development of a service delivery arm. The service delivery arm will provide specialised services to build the capacity of Māori communities and organisations to undertake culturally appropriate and environmentally, socially and economically sustainable development within their rohe, whilst also developing a skilled professional workforce with technical and cultural competency required to effectively service our sector. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 15 of 27

Through the provision of planning, architectural design, technical assistance and research, the service delivery arm will assist iwi, hapū, whānau and mataawaka communities to exercise mana motuhake and realise their own aspirations for their physical environments. The Community Design Centre model developed in the United States offers a potential operating model. It is envisioned that Te Matapihi will work closely with Ngā Aho (the society of Māori design professionals) and other stakeholders in the development of a detailed business case. The service delivery arm will provide a range of coordinated services to support the establishment of Māori housing (including papakāinga), marae, and neighbourhood regeneration projects. These may include: Assembling skilled multi-disciplinary project development teams, with a preference for developing local capability wherever possible. Maintaining a list of preferred (trusted) contractors, and run tender processes and complete due diligence on new contractors as required. Liaison with and coordination of other central government funders / stakeholders, liaison with Māori Land Court on governance and land tenure issues, and liaison with local government regarding resource consents, plan provisions, and development contributions. Contract administration, and support with reporting and compliance. Convening an independent design review panel for all proposals to ensure design quality is maintained and promoted. In partnership with tertiary education providers, developing internship programmes for Māori students and community-based fellowships for new graduates. 4.2.4 Strengthening our role in research In the short-term, Te Matapihi will develop a research strategy for our organisation to enable us to strengthen our role in research. We will also work towards our goal of establishing an independent Māori housing research entity with the ability to produce quick turn-around research and independent analysis. The research entity will promote the development of evidence-based policy, and support Māori communities to access research expertise. Our key roles in relation to research are: I. Ensuring research is appropriately targeted in support of the aspirations of Māori communities (including selection of projects, and connecting communities and research teams), promoting positive and culturally based stakeholder relationships, and translation of research outputs into plain language resources for the sector. II. Ensuring research is produced that supports evidence-based policy development. Over the past three years, Te Matapihi have been developing relationships with Māori housing researchers and institutions around the motu, principally through our involvement with the National Science Challenge: Building Better Homes, Towns and Cities - Ko ngā wā kāinga hei whakamāhorahora. National Science Challenges are an initiative by central government to encourage universities and researchers to collaborate to develop research which addresses issues identified by communities. This Challenge focuses on housing supply, urban environments and wellbeing, housing quality, data and information, productivity and innovation. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 16 of 27

Te Matapihi were involved in the development of the original research plan that was approved by the Ministry of Business, Innovation, and Employment. Since the launch of the Challenge in May 2016, Te Matapihi staff and Board members have remain actively involved as researchers and strategic advisors. The Challenge has made a strong commitment to Māori and Te Tirīti o Waitangi there is a strong group of Māori researchers (Māori rangahau roopu), a dedicated Māori Science Leadership team, a Director Māori, and two Māori appointees to the Board. In 2018, Te Matapihi aims to strengthen this working relationship by establishing a formal Board to Board relationship between the National Science Challenge governance group and our new Board, to establish shared research priorities and potentially co-commission research. 4.2.5 Terms of reference for ongoing engagement with central government Notwithstanding our recommendation that the government establishes a one stop shop Māori Housing Unit, we acknowledge that multiple agencies will continue to have a role in influencing housing outcomes for Māori. Navigating different agencies with diverse policies, procedures and personnel can be a complex process. Therefore, Te Matapihi proposes to collaborate with central government to develop terms of reference for ongoing formal engagement with central government agencies that have a role in housing. We propose that these terms of reference outline: Protocols for engagement at a ministerial level, including with the Minister for Housing and Urban Development, Minister for Māori Development, and any other relevant ministerial portfolios. A commitment from chief executives of relevant agencies to proactively engage in a joinedup dialogue around Māori housing outcomes in conjunction with Te Matapihi and other key stakeholders in the Māori housing sector (such as the Iwi Chairs Forum). These agencies would include Te Puni Kōkiri, Ministry of Social Development, Housing New Zealand, Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment and the proposed Affordable Housing Authority. Operational buy in from senior officials centrally and regionally to support a shared work programme. Developing terms of reference for ongoing formal engagement with central government housing agencies, the Minister(s) of Housing and Urban Development and appropriate advisory functions. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 17 of 27

APPENDIX 1 - GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF TE MATAPIHI Governance Te Matapihi is an independent voice for the Māori housing sector. Our vision is an Aotearoa where Māori are living in healthy, appropriate, and secure housing of their own choosing. Our mission is to support the growth and development of the Māori housing sector, and to promote improved housing outcomes for Māori. The current Te Matapihi Trust Deed provides for a maximum of twelve trustee positions, including nine regional representatives, who are elected based on current involvement in Māori housing and support from their region, and three general representatives, who are elected based on Māori housing skills and experience. Additionally, there is unlimited provision for regional representatives (who are not trustees), provided they have strong support from their rohe. Te Matapihi currently has nine Trustees and delegates representing Māori housing forums and Māori housing providers in Te Tai Tokerau, Tāmaki Makaurau, Tainui, Te Tai Rāwhiti, Eastern Bay of Plenty and Te Whanganui-a-Tara, as well as strong connections in the Western Bay of Plenty. Current board members are: Kaye-Maree Dunn Te Whanganui-ā-Tara (Te Rarawa, Ngāpuhi, Ngāti Mahanga, Te Rangikoianaake, Ngāi Tamanuhiri) Wikitoria Hona Eastern Bay of Plenty (Ngāti Whare) Rau Hoskins (Chairperson) General (Ngāpuhi) Anne Huriwai Te Tai Rāwhiti (Ngāti Porou) Barry Moore Te Tai Tokerau (Ngāti Wai) Ronald Nepe Te Tai Rāwhiti (Tūranganui-ā-Kiwa) Honey Renata Hauraki (Ngāti Whānaunga) Fred Sadler (Kaumātua) General (Ngāpuhi) Dr Fiona Te Momo General (Ngāti Kanohi, Ngāti Porou, Ngāti Raukawa) Management The management and operational team responsible for the delivery of the work plan are: Patrick Gemmell General Manager (Ngāti Kahungunu) Jade Kake Principal Programme & Design (Ngāpuhi, Te Arawa, Whakatōhea) Wayne Knox Lead Advisor Policy & Engagement (Waikato) Justine Pepene-Hohaia Lead Advisor Reporting & Performance (Ngāpuhi) Nazarene Mihaere Advisor Projects (Tūwharetoa, Waikato-Tainui, Ngāti Porou) Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 18 of 27

Te Matapihi utilise a mix of staff, and partner organisations located around the motu to bring effect to our work programme; with the investment plan governed by the Te Matapihi Executive Board. Management of the work plan and core functions are conducted by Te Matapihi staff, with specialists engaged as/if required. A key strategy is to engage with Māori whānau and communities through regional forums that will be supported to address local issues, strengthen collaboration and share best practice. As a National Peak Body Advocate for Māori Housing Outcomes, Te Matapihi closely aligns to the Government s Māori Housing Strategy He Whare Āhuru He Oranga Tangata. Our directives support the operational objectives of the Māori Housing Network, currently operationalised by Te Puni Kōkiri (TPK). The Māori Housing Network s activities complement the Government s wider housing initiatives and contribute to: I. Improving housing for whānau Māori, and II. Increase housing choices for whānau Māori by growing the Māori housing Sector. Te Puni Kōkiri have kindly provided the seed funding to support Te Matapihi s human resources over the past fourteen months, helping our organisation build an operational ability to support Māori housing aspirations, undergo a comprehensive review of our governance, and providing both strategic and operational linkages between the Māori Housing sector and government agencies. The current work plan builds on the foundational work completed over the past fourteen months and will enable Te Matapihi to continue to operate as a strong independent Māngai for our sector, supporting the Māori Housing Network and other agencies to implement He Whare Āhuru: the Māori Housing Strategy for improved Māori housing outcomes. Scope of Work: Major Themes The three over-arching housing themes we aim to advance are as follows: 1. Critical Awareness - Building and linking the Māori Housing Sector. 2. Infrastructural Capability Assisting and giving direction to the sector to becoming Housing Ready. 3. Enduring Relationships Connecting Tangata Whenua with Crown and investment entities. Furthermore, relating to our high-level advocacy objectives, Te Matapihi aim to seek leverage to achieve the following: 4. To advocate for a housing specific ministerial voice for Māori housing outcomes. 5. To advocate for monitoring and evaluation of He Whare Āhuru The Māori Housing Strategy (3 years on). 6. To advocate for a continuation of resources to the Māori Housing Network beyond 2018-19 and influence and shape policy. 7. To revitalize the Māori Housing Act 1935 to add weight to durable, long term Māori housing policy development and outcomes. Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 19 of 27

Te Matapihi Work Plan For Te Matapihi to support the Māori Housing Network, and the Māori Housing Strategy, a work programme in alignment with the following priority areas (work streams) is currently being undertaken: I. Māngai Support the development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of initiatives undertaken to support the policy objectives of He Whare Āhuru, He Oranga Tangata. II. III. IV. Rangahau Inform Māori housing research to provide a strong evidence base for Māori housing policy development. Te Hiringa Support innovation and greater collaboration across the sector. Whakatipu Strengthen the capacity of regional forums / rūnanga and their members to support implementation of National priorities as indicated in He Whare Āhuru. Work streams Māngai: Support the development, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of initiatives undertaken to support the policy objectives of He Whare Āhuru, He Oranga Tangata The Māori Housing Strategy, and the Investment Plan for the appropriations administered through Te Puni Kōkiri Baseline: No one government department currently responsible for policy development under He Whare Āhuru Targets: (i) Māori housing policies developed to sit under He Whare Āhuru (ii) Monitoring and evaluation framework developed for He Whare Āhuru (iii) Government investment framework developed with an emphasis on alignment to the deprivation index Indicators: Policy development responsibility for He Whare Āhuru identified / agreed, monitoring and evaluation frame- work in place, investment framework aligned with the deprivation index in place 2017/18 Appropriation: $181,116 Rangahau: Establish a Māori housing research centre to provide data analysis and a strong evidence base for Māori housing policy Activities 1.1 Provide technical assistance in the development of a monitoring and evaluation framework for He Whare Āhuru 1.2 Advocate for the continuation of Māori housing appropriations beyond 2018-19, and support the alignment of the investment framework to the deprivation index 1.3 Advocate for a housing specific ministerial voice for Māori housing outcomes 1.4 Initiate a revitalization of the Māori Housing Act 1935 1.5 Lead the reform of Kāinga Whenua and support the development of alternative Māori housing financial products through the establishment of the He Whare Āhuru Think Tank 1.6 Work with legal counsel to lodge an overarching Te Matapihi claim as part of the Social services, social development and housing kaupapa inquiry, scheduled to commence early 2018 2.1 Develop a Te Matapihi research strategy to identify research needs and priorities Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 20 of 27

Work streams development and trends, as well as a collection of relevant information about the sectors concerns and good practices to contribute to better policy development. Baseline: No centre for Māori housing research Targets: Establishment of a Māori housing research centre Indicators: Centre in place 2017/18 Appropriation: $129,704 Te Hiringa: Support innovation within the sector: activities should in particular directly relate to initiatives that support the implementation of He Whare Āhuru. In addition, Te Matapihi should encourage cooperation and collaboration with other partner organisations at international, national, regional and local levels. Baseline: He Whare Āhuru in place (through to 2025) Targets: Māori housing resources are developed and disseminated, Māori housing events and training are delivered, and innovative pilot projects are developed that support implementation of He Whare Āhuru Indicators: The Māori housing sector is better informed and equipped to undertake Māori housing projects, which should be reflected in increased Māori housing activity and innovative new models of development 2017/18 Appropriation: $223,855 Activities 2.2 Develop a formal Board to Board relationship between the National Science Challenge: Building Better Homes, Towns and Cities governance group and the newly appointed Te Matapihi Executive Board, and work together to develop a set of joint Māori housing research priorities 2.3 Participate in research as part of National Science Challenge: Building Better Homes, Towns and Cities Waimāhia Inlet project as part of the Future Neighbourhoods strategic research area Te Manaaki o Te Marae project, as part of the Kāinga Tahi Kāinga Rua strategic research area 3.1 Develop and disseminate Māori housing resources Development of ten Māori housing case studies Development of a plain language resource for whānau/hapū/iwi using papakāinga district plan provisions or engaged in papakāinga policy development Development of a revised Māori housing design guide Produce an indigenous urbanism podcast, to profile successful projects and innovation within the sector 3.2 Support the coordination and delivery of capacity building and networking events Support Waikato-Tainui to plan for the next biennial National conference (to be held in the Waikato, November 2018) Develop a relationship agreement with Ngā Aho, and jointly develop and deliver a series of events 3.3 Support the development of Māori housing training and education programmes Develop a relationship agreement with the Australasian Housing Institute (AHI), and work together to develop Māori housing specific training modules Support the development of a digital toolkit (video and web-based) for papakāinga development Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 21 of 27

Work streams Activities 3.4 Thought leadership Contribute to and develop publications that advance public dialogue regarding Māori housing and homelessness policy and design Whakatipu: Strengthen the capacity of regional forums / rūnanga and their members to support implementation of National priorities as indicated in He Whare Āhuru, including through offering a platform for the exchange of good practices, and raising awareness of relevant/current Māori housing issues. Baseline: Two active regional Māori housing forums (Western Bay of Plenty and Waikato), one non-māori forum with Māori members (Northland Housing Forum), and several rūnanga running papakāinga workshops (Te-Rūnanga-a- Iwi-o-Ngāpuhi, Aorangi Māori Trust Board) Targets: At least two new regional forums are established. Indicators: Active regional forums established that have a Terms of Reference document, meet regularly, are linked to a joint agency group, and facilitate the delivery of papakāinga workshops or other capacity and capability building events 2017/18 Appropriation: $241,501 4.1 Establish a National Māori Housing Council, capable of representing regional issues and approaches that can feed into National advocacy Develop TOR for the Council Convene the inaugural hui in 2018 4.2 Support the growth and establishment of regional Māori housing forums Support the growth and establishment of up to three forums in year one Support the establishment of up to three forums in year two Support the establishment of a Māori Homelessness Response Taumata for Tāmaki Makaurau, in association with existing Housing First and Emergency Housing Providers Networks 4.3 Support the delivery of Māori housing training and events through regional forums Support the promotion and roll-out of financial literacy and home ownership training programmes through rūnanga or regional forums Coordinate or support regional housing events as requested 4.4 Identify opportunities for collaboration, provide or coordinate specialist technical advice and provide mediation services for Māori housing projects Support the development of Māori housing projects through relationship brokering and specialist advice Produce a business case for the development of a service delivery arm 4.5 Provide an independent mediation to resolve disputes between Māori housing organisations and Crown agencies, and Māori housing organisations and private sector stakeholders Briefing to the Incoming Ministers for Housing and Urban Development and Māori Development Page 22 of 27