Gianyar District, Indonesia

Gianyar District, Indonesia Local progress report on the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action (2013-2014) Mayor: A.A. Gde Agung Bharata Name of focal point: Valentinus Irawan Organization: BNPB Title/Position: Specialist, Focal point for local level actions E-mail address: valentinus.irawan@gmail.com Telephone: +628121830220 Reporting period: 2013-2014 Last updated on: 15 November 2014 Print date: 15 November 2014 Reporting language: English A Local HFA Monitor update published by PreventionWeb http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo/progress/reports/ Local Progress Report 2013-2014 1/27

Priority for Action 1 Ensure that disaster reduction is a national and local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation Core Indicator 1.1 National policy and legal framework for disaster risk reduction exists with decentralized responsibilities and capacities at all levels. How well are local organizations (including local government) equipped with capacities (knowledge, experience, official mandate) for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation? The progress of disaster risk reduction initiative in this region is gradually improved. The local authority established its District disaster management agency with accompaniment from NGOs and other government agencies. The authority also implement Resilient Village program to reduce disaster risk. Every year the program is getting more innovative according to the needs of certain communities, including to start emergency simulation and drills in some areas. However, the lack of human resources become main issue in its implementation. Reference documents > Local Regulation on Gianyar Local Disaster Management Office (2010) > Local Regulation Organization and Manajemen of LDMO Gianyar (2012) To what extent do partnerships exist between communities, private sector and local authorities to reduce risk? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Local Progress Report 2013-2014 2/27

The Resilient Village Program proved a collaboration among community, private sector and local government. Besides, they also involve in SIBAT (Community Based Disaster Preparedness), as well as in the DM forum establishment in the region. The challenge is to maintain collaboration with private sector. Local authority plans to arrange an MoU with private sectors pertain to disaster risk reduction so that it will be in formal relation. Core Indicator 1.2 Dedicated and adequate resources are available to implement disaster risk reduction plans and activities at all administrative levels. How far does the local government have access to adequate financial resources to carry out risk reduction activities? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Local fund has been allocated for disaster risk reduction although it is not optimum yet. Local government manage database of funding sources to be monitored periodically. The fund allocation for risk reduction activities is widespread among government local agencies such as Agriculture Office, Marine Office, Health Office etc. Mostly the financial resources allocation spend out for operational activities mostly staff salary. Only a small percentage of fund spend out for direct DRR activities. To what degree does the local government allocate sufficient financial resources to carry out DRR activities, including effective disaster response and recovery? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Local Progress Report 2013-2014 3/27

Local government has allocated fund for prevention, emergency and post-disaster phase. The fund allocation resources comes from local, province and national and spread among the agencies. Due to lack of coordination among them made the overlap of budget allocation which cause inefficiency. Core Indicator 1.3 Community participation and decentralization are ensured through the delegation of authority and resources to local levels. How much does the local government support vulnerable local communities (particularly women, elderly, infirmed, children) to actively participate in risk reduction decision-making, policy making, planning and implementation processes? Level of Progress achieved: 1 Local government has not engaged and involved vulnerable groups in policy making process. In the future the authority plans to enhance its engagement mechanism so that be able to invoke the vulnerable ones. Lack of coordination and knowledge on community participation impact toward development related to disaster risk reduction. To what extent does the local government provide training in risk reduction for local officials and community leaders? Local Progress Report 2013-2014 4/27

Although not all of the officials acquired the trainings on disaster risk reduction, District Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) has already held trainings for some officials and community leaders. The capacity building mechanism is also carried out by NGOs and Indonesian Red Cross. How regularly does the local government conduct awarenessbuilding or education programs on DRR and disaster preparedness for local communities? Programs include cultural diversity issues Programs are sensitive to gender perspectives Trainings on DRR has been conducted in schools. Local education agency has not integrate it in its curriculum. Sometime the Local Disaster Management Office (BPBD) seasonally issued warning relate to extreme weather condition to the community such as high peak of rainfall which make the area threat by flood and landslide. The religious leader plays a critical role on disaster risk among the community. As the district vulnerable to tsunami, the BPBD spread out the leaflet about tsunami hazard cover its preparedness, early warning and evacuation. Reference documents > Tsunani Evacuation Procedure (2013) Related links > Warning issued to the community on extreme weather Core Indicator 1.4 A national multi-sectoral platform for disaster risk reduction is functioning. To what extent does the local government participate in the national DRR planning? Local Progress Report 2013-2014 5/27

Resilient Village program is supported by national government (BNPB). Local government has not participated optimally in the national DRR planning as it is newlyestablished, thus still having lack of human resources and funding support from the annual fund allocation. Local Progress Report 2013-2014 6/27

Priority for Action 2 Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning Core Indicator 2.1 National and local risk assessments based on hazard data and vulnerability information are available and include risk. To what degree does the local government conducted thorough disaster risk assessments for key vulnerable development sectors in your local authority? District Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) Gianyar has carried out and published its disaster data report. It consists of hazard, vulnerability, capacity, and disaster risk mapping. Besides those mapping, they also provide sea coastal zoning map and coastal areas profile. The challenge is to fill the human resources gap as a newlyestablished agency, as well as its limited infrastructure facilities. To what extent are these risk assessments regularly updated, e.g. annually or on a bi-annual basis? Periodic reports are produced by BPBD, along with monitoring and evaluation report. However, the partnership with experts from the sector needs to be built up to enhance coordination. Gianyar stated as the Zone 3 area for earthquake hazard. This area frequently struck by low level earthquake and no heavy damage caused. Local Progress Report 2013-2014 7/27

Regular update of risk assessment is absolutely important to overcome any impact of disaster and mostly relate to save investment for development. How well are disaster risk assessments incorporated into all relevant local development planning on a consistent basis? Although disaster management plan of the district has already been designed, it has not been accommodated in development planning. Local authority will plan to advocate this issue so DM assessment result can be integrated in the plan. Since the disaster risk issues rarely consider as one of aspect on development planning due to lack understanding of the issues. Weak enforcement of regulations related risk reduction on development planning make the issues neglected. To what extent have local schools, hospitals and health facilities received special attention for "all hazard" risk assessments in your local authority? Schools Hospitals/ health facilities No No Relate local government agencies conduct the disaster risk reduction socialization to schools and hospitals. Some materials relate disaster risk are mainstream to school subjects also adopt to school extra curricular activities. At the moment is not possible to add specific subject on DRR to school subject since load of material is already high. The local authority has provide commitment to carry out the activities although it Local Progress Report 2013-2014 8/27

has not been applied. How safe are all main schools, hospitals and health facilities from disasters so that they have the ability to remain operational during emergencies? Schools Hospitals/ health facilities Schools and hospitals are occupied by humanitarian serves during emergency response. The buildings are safe as they are had no damage during the disaster. It is why so necessary to conduct comprehensive assessment to those buildings and do capacity building for students and health workers. At the moment there is no complete data of risk assessment available for school and hospital. Core Indicator 2.2 Systems are in place to monitor, archive and disseminate data on key hazards and vulnerabilities. -- No questions related to local context -- Core Indicator 2.3 Early warning systems are in place for all major hazards, with outreach to communities. To what extent are early warning centres established, adequately Local Progress Report 2013-2014 9/27

staffed (or on-call personnel) and well resourced (power back ups, equipment redundancy etc) at all times? Emergency operation center has been established in this district and operated on 24-hour basis although it still has lack of human resources and infrastructure support. It has been planning by the national government to equipped some of early warning centers in Indonesia includes Gianyar's Early Warning Center in 2014 budget expenditures. This is as part of Tsunami Master Plan conducting since 2012 after 8,3 Richter scale earthquake struck Aceh Province. How much do warning systems allow for adequate community participation? Communities has involved in early warning sharing information mechanism. Limited fund of this sector causes early warning system development not optimal. The community involvement on warning system need to be improving as experienced community frequently as the object. As experienced show when 6,8 Richter earthquake struck Bali Province included Gianyar district in, only communities involved on the preparedness disaster activities knew how to act at the real time. Core Indicator 2.4 National and local risk assessments take account of regional/trans-boundary risks, with a view to regional cooperation on risk reduction. How well are local government risk assessments linked to, and Local Progress Report 2013-2014 10/27

supportive of, risk assessments from neighbouring local authorities and state or provincial government risk management plans? Level of Progress achieved: 1 There has been coordination on tsunami risk assessment between District Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) with Provincial Authority. However, there needs an integration with other District which currently carry out similar risk assessment. Local Progress Report 2013-2014 11/27

Priority for Action 3 Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels Core Indicator 3.1 Relevant information on disasters is available and accessible at all levels, to all stakeholders (through networks, development of information sharing systems, etc). How regularly does the local government communicate to the community, information on local hazard trends and risk reduction measures (e.g. using a Risk Communications Plan) including early warnings of likely hazard impact? Level of Progress achieved: 3 District Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) has provided information on evacuation route, as well as disseminated information on disaster to communities. Meantime, Disaster Task Forces have been established at community level. However, community participation in socialization event needs to be improved. BPBD started to plan do information dissemination quarterly. The Indonesian National Army also active involve and conduct the tsunami simulation as part of community preparedness. The BPBD also spread out the information/warning to community through the village/religious leader about the hazard and what should they do to overcome it. Core Indicator 3.2 School curricula, education material and relevant trainings include disaster risk reduction and recovery concepts and practices. To what degree do local schools and colleges include courses, education or training in disaster risk reduction (including climate related risks) as part of the education curriculum? Local Progress Report 2013-2014 12/27

In some schools, there were trainings on disaster preparedness for Youth Red Cross, Boy scout, and extracurricular for the student. The burden of school curriculum is already high and as the solution, the subject of disaster risk reduction is attached to some related subject such as geography and biology. Local Education Agency plans to scale up the activity to engage more schools. Core Indicator 3.3 Research methods and tools for multi-risk assessments and cost benefit analysis are developed and strengthened. -- No questions related to local context -- Core Indicator 3.4 Countrywide public awareness strategy exists to stimulate a culture of disaster resilience, with outreach to urban and rural communities. -- No questions related to local context -- Local Progress Report 2013-2014 13/27

Reduce the underlying risk factors Priority for Action 4 Core Indicator 4.1 Disaster risk reduction is an integral objective of environment related policies and plans, including for land use, natural resource management and adaptation to climate change. How well integrated are local government DRR policies, strategies and implementation plans with existing environmental development and natural resource management plans? Although there are some regulations and policies on ecosystem protection, such as Environmental Village Awareness Assessment, Analysis on Environmental Impact (Amdal), they are not legally binder on Disaster Management law. It is need a main legal basic from the national government to obligate the DRR policies as part of development planning. The local development demands for regional revenue sometime neglected the disaster risk aspect. Besides, not all stakeholders obediently apply existing regulations. How far do land use policies and planning regulations for housing and development infrastructure take current and projected disaster risk (including climate related risks) into account? Housing Communication Local Progress Report 2013-2014 14/27

Transportation Energy No No There has been products of land use policies and spatial planning although with its lack commitment and less law enforcement. Local government issued the Local Regulation No. 8/2013 on Building to manage the construction of building. In this regulation stated about the Zone Area of Building for Earthquake hazard, availability of green space for water catchment, rainfall water catchment, construction of building at vulnerable area should be based on existing regulation and issued and deprive of Building Construction Permit. The arrangement of communication tower has been manage on the local regulation No. 14/2008 covered the arrangement of the construction area of tower must consider the land use plan and zoning area. The challenge is to empowered local authority to be able to reinforce the law implementation to support in DM initiatives. Reference documents > Local Regulation on Building Construction (2013) How well are risk-sensitive land use regulations and building codes, health and safety codes enforced across all development zones and building types? There have been laws regulate it but they have not been applied progressively. The district is one of the famous area for tourism industry as the attracted point for the illegal settler. Increasing number of illegal settler in turn increase the social problem and environment burden as the trigger to slum area which conflicted to building code regulation and land use. Commitment of officials to enforce its implementation is badly needed and it is requires a strong coordination and communication among the agencies. Local Progress Report 2013-2014 15/27

How strong are existing regulations (e.g. land use plans, building codes etc) to support disaster risk reduction in your local authority? Local authority has produced some regulations which include transportation procedures, building codes, establishment of District Disaster Management Agency, Spatial planning, Tourism sites management, environmental impact codes. However those products implementation need to be strongly reinforced. To what degree does the local government support the restoration, protection and sustainable management of ecosystems services? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Forests Coastal zones Wetlands Water resources River basins Fisheries No Gianyar is located in Bali Islands whose local customs and wisdom is strongly embedded in people's social life. Some parts of it enhance the preservation of environment, as well as additional local regulations to keep the environment well. The local government issued Local Regulation No. 11/2013 about Waste Management. Local Progress Report 2013-2014 16/27

Right now the Gianyar District actively participates on the environment preservation through national program on bamboo cultivation. The private sector also involving in the program as part of their commitment for community empowerment. Among the villagers there are some regulation for forest preservation. The coastal zone area utilization has been managed on some government regulation. There is a famous irrigation system in Bali known as Subak to manage the paddy field irrigation. The Watershed Forum also established at the district. The main challenge is to maintain the implementation of those related regulation and dissemination to whole stakeholders and community. Reference documents > Local Regulation No. 11/2013 Waste Management (2013) Related links > Child Environment Police Program > Private Sector Participation on Environment Preservation How much do civil society organizations and citizens participate in the restoration, protection and sustainable management of ecosystems services? Civil Society Organizations play crucial role in preserving ecosystem in the region, as well as its region's strong local wisdom. Limited program scope hinder its outreach and scale up to broader areas. Role of government and private sector needs to be developed in this sector. Meanwhile low participation of community due to lack of knowledge on ecosystem preservation. How much does the private sector participate in the implementation of environmental and ecosystems management plans in your local authority? Local Progress Report 2013-2014 17/27

Although there has been regulation for private sector to allocate some parts of their profit for CSR program, not all of the corporate obey it. Supervision needs to be undertaken to optimize CSR fund allocation. As one of the effort to increase community participation on environment preservation, in 2012 the local government of Gianyar collaborated with Environment Ministry train 135 environment cadres. The Corporate Social Responsibility from some company actively involve on the community empowerment relate to environment preservation among other from National Electricity Company and Indonesian National Bank. Also there are some private sectors not fulfill their right on environment preservation. Related links > CSR program for environment preservation > Partnership Program on Enviroment Preservation Core Indicator 4.2 Social development policies and plans are being implemented to reduce the vulnerability of populations most at risk. What is the scope of financial services (e.g. saving and credit schemes, macro and micro-insurance) available to vulnerable and marginalised households for pre- disaster times? Level of Progress achieved: 1 In this case the achievement has not been optimum. Financial services, especially for vulnerable ones have not been projected in a plan. Local Progress Report 2013-2014 18/27

To what extent are micro finance, cash aid, soft loans, lone guarantees etc available to affected households after disasters to restart livelihoods? Level of Progress achieved: 1 Communities still rely on cash aid from government after the disaster. The local government still need to find other sources of fund accessible to the community post disaster. Core Indicator 4.3 Economic and productive sectorial policies and plans have been implemented to reduce the vulnerability of economic activities. How well established are economic incentives for investing in disaster risk reduction for households and businesses (e.g. reduced insurance premiums for households, tax holidays for businesses)? Level of Progress achieved: 1 It has not been carried out as there is minimum investment in this region. To what extent do local business associations, such as chambers of commerce and similar, support efforts of small enterprises for business continuity during and after disasters? Level of Progress achieved: 1 Local Progress Report 2013-2014 19/27

Local business associations have less support to small enterprises, especially after disaster. There is a need to establish a strong legal basic to encourage the private sector or other business association to pay attention and participate on economic development post disaster. Core Indicator 4.4 Planning and management of human settlements incorporate disaster risk reduction elements, including enforcement of building codes. How adequately are critical public facilities and infrastructure located in high risk areas assessed for all hazard risks and safety? There have been policies, assessment and regulation in high risk areas management. The challenge is to build all commitment to implement it. How adequate are the measures that are being undertaken to protect critical public facilities and infrastructure from damage during disasters? Local Progress Report 2013-2014 20/27

Regulations has been adopted to protect critical public facilities and infrastructure although it is limited carried out by stakeholders who involve in disaster management. Core Indicator 4.5 Disaster risk reduction measures are integrated into post disaster recovery and rehabilitation processes. How well are disaster risk reduction measures integrated into postdisaster recovery and rehabilitation activities (i.e. build back better, livelihoods rehabilitation)? Level of Progress achieved: 3 Local government and national has provided contingency fund for recovery and rehabilitation phase. However, recovery and rehabilitation plans need to be managed better to ensure the efficiency of fund and target the proper beneficiaries with proper plan. Core Indicator 4.6 Procedures are in place to assess the disaster risk impacts of major development projects, especially infrastructure. To what degree do local government or other levels of government have special programs in place to regularly assess schools, hospitals and health facilities for maintenance, compliance with building codes, general safety, weather-related risks etc.? Level of Progress achieved: 1 Schools No Local Progress Report 2013-2014 21/27

Hospitals/ health facilities No There is no regular assessment yet. Local Progress Report 2013-2014 22/27

Priority for Action 5 Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels Core Indicator 5.1 Strong policy, technical and institutional capacities and mechanisms for disaster risk management, with a disaster risk reduction perspective are in place. -- No questions related to local context -- Core Indicator 5.2 Disaster preparedness plans and contingency plans are in place at all administrative levels, and regular training drills and rehearsals are held to test and develop disaster response programmes. How regularly are training drills and rehearsal carried out with the participation of relevant government, non-governmental, local leaders and volunteers? Level of Progress achieved: 3 The drills have been conducted regular every 6 months. The drills are supported by different agencies and NGOs. One of International agency develop the tsunami early warning system and also conducted the tsunami simulation for community involved many stakeholders. The Indonesian Red Cross through it SIBAT program commonly focus on preparedness program at the community level has schedule the training and drill into the program even in the small scale. Meanwhile the hospitals regularly simulate their Disaster Hospital Plan. However, local district government still needs to maximize its resources to carry put the activity. In their planning, the budget for drills will be raised. Local Progress Report 2013-2014 23/27

Related links > National Army support the Tsunami Drill > Tsunami Simulation in Cucukan Gianyar > Tsunami Simulation at Gianyar Beach How available are key resources for effective response, such as emergency supplies, emergency shelters, identified evacuation routes and contingency plans at all times? Stockpiles of relief supplies Emergency shelters Safe evacuation routes identified Contingency plan or community disaster preparedness plan for all major hazards No Local district authority has provided relief supplies for emergency and its stockpiles. Moreover, they have designed the safe evacuation route. These initiatives need to be supported by contingency plan which is planned to be compiled and facilitated by National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB). The emergency response procedure still require further development such as a more operational contingency plan consider the existing plan content the responsibility share among the local agencies. Related links > Forming of SOP and Contingency Plan of Gianyar District To what extent does the local government have an emergency operations centre (EOC) and/or an emergency communication system? Local Progress Report 2013-2014 24/27

Emergency Operation center and rapid response team have been established at district level. However, there is still lack of resources and minimum of infrastructure. The effort to equip the emergency center become the priority of national government under 2014 expenditure for some districts which vulnerable to tsunami under Tsunami Master Plan Program. How aware are citizens of evacuation plans or drills for evacuations when necessary? Level of Progress achieved: 3 District Management Agency has established evacuation route, conduct simulation and information dissemination on drills. However, it needs to be scaled up so that can reach broader target groups. The district authority plans to expand its plan to broader risk areas. It was proven as recorded on the report one international agency developed the tsunami early warning system in Bali on earthquake struck Bali Province included Gianyar District in 2011 that the community which frequently got the training, simulation and drill about tsunami knew how to act at the real time. It is prove those activities safe many lives. Reference documents > Tsunami Evacuation leaflet (2012) > Tsunami Evacuation leaflet (2012) To what degree does the Contingency Plan (or similar plan) include an outline strategy for post disaster recovery and reconstruction, including needs assessments and livelihoods rehabilitation? Level of Progress achieved: 1 Local Progress Report 2013-2014 25/27

The related official has been assessed the need for post disaster need and there is a need for contingency plan formed also better expenditure for related official. How far are regular disaster preparedness drills undertaken in schools, hospitals and health facilities? Schools Hospitals/ health facilities No No Hospitals and some schools has applied preparedness simulation which need to be maximize into more regular period. Some non government organizations and red cross support the preparedness drill for some school also the Indonesia Red Cross through their SIBAT program at the village level. Related links > Campaign Clean and Safe School Core Indicator 5.3 Financial reserves and contingency mechanisms are in place to support effective response and recovery when required. To what degree do local institutions have access to financial reserves to support effective disaster response and early recovery? Local Progress Report 2013-2014 26/27

Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) There is an availability of emergency fund resources from local and national government. Those funds are spread among government institution base to their function. It is need for a legal basic to fluently the fund liquidation process for effective disaster response for local disaster management office. Related links > Fundt Release for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction from Bali Province Government How much access does the local government have to resources and expertise to assist victims of psycho-social (psychological, emotional) impacts of disasters? Level of Progress achieved: 3 There is a policy of psychosocial service during emergency response to assist all the survivors. The Indonesian Red Cross Bali Branch apply the Psychosocial Support Program which targets the community affect by disaster. The limitation of resources and expertise's to run trauma healing accompaniment is limited and it needs adequate support from the local district. Core Indicator 5.4 Procedures are in place to exchange relevant information during hazard events and disasters, and to undertake post-event reviews. -- No questions related to local context -- Local Progress Report 2013-2014 27/27