A New World The Cold War - Part 2
Table of Contents The First Hot War The Cold War World An Unwinnable Race
The First Hot War Korea
Korean War
The Korean War: 1950-1953 After WWII, Korea was divided under Soviet occupation/administration in the North, US in the South Two governments established 38th Parallel was dividing line 1948: supposed to be free elections throughout - cross border raids and skirmishes 1950, the North invades the South The UN Votes to intercede
The Korean War Korean War First armed conflict after end of WWII First attempt at Limited War during Cold War Proxy War between superpowers UN Coalition action Was a conventional war with guerrilla warfare components
Refugees Coalition forces had a shoot first policy to combat N Korean forces who used refugees as cover for operations
The Korean War The United States of America provided 88% of the 341,000 international soldiers which aided South Korean forces in repelling the invasion, with twenty other countries of the United Nations offering assistance. Soviets provided materials to both North Korea and China
27 Visions of America, A History of the United States
Douglas MacArthur He exceeded, then outright violated orders to stay away from the Chinese border
28 Visions of America, A History of the United States
Casualties US and UN Forces 178,224 dead & 32,925 missing Total wounded: 566,604 North Korea, China, USSR Total dead: 367,283-750,282 Total wounded: 686,500-789,000 Total Civilians killed/wounded 2.5 million
The Cold War World International Consequences
Remember Berlin
THE BERLIN WALL
Bay of Pigs and the Cuban
Bay of Pigs and the Cuban Missile Crisis Bay of Pigs Operation (1961) Failed attempt by Cuban exiles to use an amphibious invasion to overthrow the Cuban dictator Fidel Castro Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) A showdown between the United States and the Soviet Union over Khrushchev s decision to place Soviet missiles aimed at America in Communist Cuba 51 Visions of America, A History of the United States
THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS The Soviet Union built missile launching pads in Cuba, 90 miles from the American coast. Soviet ships were in the process of arming the launching sites with nuclear missiles. Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba would reduce the United States strategic advantage.
THE CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS Kennedy ordered a naval blockade. He also threatened a nuclear attack on the Soviet Union. Khrushchev halted the delivery of missiles and began arms-reduction negotiations. The Red Phone was installed to promote actual communication
Taking Sides
Decolonization: A Cold War Issue
An Unwinnable Race Ideology and Nuclear Proliferation
Ideology a certain ethical set of ideals, principles, doctrines, myths, or symbols of a social movement, institution, class, or large group that explains how society should work, and offers some political and cultural blueprint for a certain social order. the integrated assertions, theories and aims that constitute a sociopolitical program A political ideology largely concerns itself with how to allocate power and to what ends it should be used.
The Final Frontier 1957: Soviets successfully launch an Earth-Orbiting Satellite Sputnik gave the Soviets control of space - even over US They got there first - that was NOT OK with us.
The Final Frontier
I957: ICBM Early ICBMs had limited accuracy that allowed them to be used only against the largest targets such as cities. They were seen as a "safe" basing option, one that would keep the deterrent force close to home where it would be difficult to attack. Attacks against military targets, if desired, still demanded the use of a manned bomber.
ICBM
ICBM
Massive Retaliation Promised wholesale destruction of enemy population centers Less expensive than a huge conventional army Seen as a deterrent
Soviet Attack Plan
Leads to...mad Mutually Assured Destruction
Leads to...mad
Nuclear Arsenals
USA and Russia Nuclear Weapons
Soviet Targets
Soviet Targets At times, Fairchild #3 in the COUNTRY
Nuclear Proliferation