DEWATS Implementation ESCAP/UN-Habitat Regional Policy Workshop of Stakeholders DEWATS in South East Asia BORDA is funded by: Bangkok, UNCC, 19-21 March, 2014
Bremen Overseas Research & Development Association Founded in1977 Works in 5 regions SEA, SA, Southern Africa, Sth America & Afghanistan Supported directly by the German Government (BMZ) Overall Goal SEA: To Improve living conditions and social structures of low-income, disadvantaged communities in densely populated urban and periurban areas Developed DEWATS service packages since 1994 Globally more than 2000 DEWATS implemented 1000 of these are in Indonesia since 2003 (SANIMAS)
BORDA SEA Network
DEWATS Benefits Custom designed and built Reduces pollution by up to 90% Minimal operational/maintenance tasks & costs Minimal land requirements Can produce energy from the biogas digester option Can reuse water for irrigation
DEWATS Service Packages Community Based Sanitation School Based Sanitation Sanitation for Hospitals Sanitation for Prisons Sanitation for Real Estate Sludge Treatment Plants AgroClean/SME Emergency Sanitation Health Impact Evaluations (HIE) Sanitation Mapping All DEWATS Packages supported by Technical Quality Management System (QMS) Institutional / Social aspects supported by SOP
DEWATS Modules Biogas digester Anaerobic Filter Settler Planted Gravel Filter Anaerobic Baffled Reactor Pond Systems
DEWATS Prefabricated Modules
Lessons Learned / Steps for DEWATS Dissemination in SEA: 1. Develop the technology and approach in one country 2. Prove the approach and develop supporting QMS and human resources (English speaking) for dissemination 3. Establish a regional network of organizations with the capacity to implement DEWATS (QMS/SOP) 4. Dissemination: There are many different stakeholders in different countries (government, donors, etc) which can, initially, be reluctant to accept new approaches, so it can take some years to kick off
Lessons Learned / Steps for DEWATS Dissemination in SEA: 5. For implementing partners: Only organizations which are dedicated to DEWATS and have a long lasting start up support with costs of about $70,000/year can push continuously to get DEWATS on the agenda of the Governments and Donors. Working with large organizations turned out to be difficult as the long gap during start up caused large organizations to lose interest in DEWATS. 6. Establish a regional expert/organizational network of community practitioners for DEWATS implementation, this was crucial to keep standards high 7. Need to establish post implementation management networks and structures: Ongoing monitoring & support services
BORDA & DEWATS in Mekong Countries Vietnam Start: since 2005 Partner: Vietnam Academy for Water Resources Focus: Staff/Partner capacity building and promotion of DEWATS for SME, public institutions & communities Implementations: 9 (1 SBS, 3 Hospitals, 1 CBS, 3 SME, 1 Prison) Cambodia Start: since 2008 Partner: Environmental Sanitation Cambodia (ESC) Focus: Staff/Partner capacity building and promotion of DEWATS for SME, public institutions & communities Implementations: 23 (17 SBS, 3 Hospitals, 1 town, 1 SME, 1 Orphanage) Laos Start: since 2009 Partner: Ministry of Public Works and Transport, Department of Housing and Urban Planning (2013) Focus: Staff/Partner capacity building, and promotion of DEWATS, implementation of pilot projects Implementations: 8 (1 SBS, 4 CBS, 3 SME) (2 under construction with UN- Habitat)
Challenges & Solutions in Mekong Countries Financing Infrastructure Individual client approach is not an efficient way to disseminate DEWATS Difficult to secure infrastructure funding Demand responsive approach: target specific sectors where there is private/donor/government interest Promote policy development to help create demand and investment
Challenges & Solutions in Mekong Countries Human Resources Difficult to find qualified staff with appropriate social and technical skills, e.g. sanitation experts, engineers and community facilitators Training & Coaching Technical Quality Management System Social Standard Operational Procedures
Challenges & Solutions in Mekong Countries Operation and Maintenance: O&M not carried out effectively or routinely Communities/Schools do not always have the enough resources or technical knowledge to manage all O&M issues Competitive selection processes Focus on O&M training/coaching & user training Promote Co-Management between Local Governments and Communities Promote regular monitoring of O&M
Summary: DEWATS Approach in Mekong Countries Inform & educate stakeholders on DEWATS Demand responsive approach: Willingness of stakeholders to promote, finance and manage DEWATS infrastructure Participatory approach: joint planning, transparent selection processes, and active involvement Multi-stakeholder funding and contributions in kind from beneficiaries Staff & Partner capacity building (QMS/SOP) Capacity building and training programs (O&M, health and hygiene) Monitoring and follow-up of completed DEWATS Promotion of Co-management of operation & maintenance (O&M)
Thank you for your attention! BORDA Alex Viwat Campbell campbell@borda-sea.org DEWATS Videos: www.youtube.com/watch?v=qbd52wuqyre www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcrf115vyui