WARM UP 1 Define imperialism: 2 What two territories did the USA initially gain using imperialism? 3 List and explain the three causes of American imperialism: 1 2 4 3 Who will the USA fight an imperial war against?
THE SPANISH - AMERICAN WAR (1898) VS.
Imperial America I. The United States has already used imperialism to expand into Alaska & Hawaii II. It will now look to Cuba an island nation only 90 miles south of Florida! III. Cuba originally was a Spanish colony but fought multiple unsuccessful attempts to gain their independence A. Jose Marti (a Cuban) began another Cuban independence movement in 1895 IV. The U.S. sees an opportunity to help Cuba and to help itself
Background: 4 The Philippines USA Cuba
The Causes of the Spanish-American War I. U.S. Interest in Cuba & Imperialism II. III. IV. Jose Marti A Cuban Revolutionary in U.S. Yellow Journalism De Lome Letter V. Explosion of the USS Maine
CAUSE #1 = U.S. Interest In Cuba I. The U.S. had wanted Cuba for a long time II. III. 1854 USA tried to buy Cuba from Spain Business interests: A. Sugar Cane B. RUM C. Trading Partner IV. Many Americans supported Cubans trying to free themselves from Spanish rule V. Americans supported a war with Spain to free Cubans form Spanish control
CAUSE #2 = Jose Marti I. Cuban Revolutionary (fighting for independence) living in exile in NY II. III. Marti gained American public support for Cuban independence American opinion was split A. Rich Americans supported Spain to protect their investments B. Other Americans enthusiastic about rebel cause Cuba Libre! IV. Marti was successful in convincing many Americans to support Cuban and go to war against Spain
CAUSE #3 = Yellow Journalism I. Yellow journalism is exaggerated news media stories designed to persuade readers into supporting war with Spain A. FAKE NEWS! B. Media leaders William Randolph Hearst (NY Journal) and Joseph Pulitzer (NY World) II. III. Published articles to increase war fervor against Spain A. Made American people hate the Spanish through news articles Yellow journalism convinced the American people to support the Cubans and want to go to war with Spain
CAUSE #4 = De Lome Letter I. President William McKinley wanted to avoid a war with Spain using diplomacy (talking problems out) A. Initially diplomacy worked B. Spain offers Cuba limited self-government II. III. IV. In Feb. of 1898: Spanish diplomat Enrique De Lome writes a letter to the Cuban government calling McKinley weak/ coward The De Lome letter was leaked to the newspapers and greatly increased anti-spain feelings in the U.S.A. U.S.A. is mad that Spain insulted our President and wanted a war
Cause #5 = USS Maine Explodes I. In Feb. of 1898 the USS Maine was sent to Cuban to bring Americans home II. III. IV. Feb. 15, 1898 the USS Maine mysteriously exploded in Havana harbor A. 260 Americans were killed The American media blamed the explosion of the USS Maine on the Spanish government The American public is angry with Spain and begins demanding for WAR!
REMEMBER THE MAINE AND TO HELL WITH SPAIN!!!! USS MAINE FUNERAL FOR USS MAINE CREW IN HAVANA
WAR IS DECLARED I. ON APRIL 20, 1898 THE U.S.A. OFFICIALLY DECLARED WAR ON SPAIN
BATTLES OF SPANISH- AMERICAN WAR (1898)
STEP #1 - Conquer the Philippines I. Philippines was another Spanish colony II. U.S.A. attacked Philippines one week after declaring war on Spain I. Spain -381 killed vs. US 0 killed II. American navy attacked Spanish fleet in Manila Bay, Philippines III. Filipinos join the U.S. in the fight against Spain IV. August 1898 Spanish troops in Philippines surrendered to U.S.A.
Philippines I. Gave US possible ports and naval bases in Asia
STEP #2 Attack Cuba I. The U.S. navy surrounded the Spanish fleet stationed in Cuba and blockaded (kept) them from leaving Cuba II. American troops were then sent into Cuban to fight along Cuban rebel forces against the Spanish A. U.S.A. has small professional army à large volunteer fighting force is sent to Cuba III. American troops landed in Santiago led by the Rough Riders A. U.S. volunteer cavalry unit led by Theodore Roosevelt B. The Rough Riders won a major victory at the Battle of San Juan Hill & Kettle Hill
STEP #3 End the War I. After victories at Kettle Hill & San Juan Hill in Cuba the U.S.A. invaded Spanish Puerto Rico II. U.S.A. had destroyed the Spanish army & navy III. August 12, 1898 Spain & U.S.A. agree to cease fire A. The actual fighting had only lasted 15 weeks IV. December 10, 1898 the Spain and the U.S.A. agree to the Treaty of Paris officially ending the war
The Treaty of Paris I. Cuba gained independence from Spain II. III. IV. A. Became a U.S. protectorate (American controls much of Cuban government) Spain gave the U.S.A.: A. Guam B. Puerto Rico Spain sold the U.S.A. the Philippines for $20 million The U.S.A. used imperialism to control these territories and becomes a world power!
Are You With Me??? 1 List and explain the five causes of the Spanish-American War: 1 2 3 4 5 2 What three islands did the U.S.A. invade during the Spanish- American War? 1 2 3
Are You With Me??? 3 What treaty officially ended the Spanish-American War? 4 What territories did the U.S.A. acquire from the Spanish-American War? 5 What did the U.S.A. become as a result of the Spanish-American War?