US Army Corps of Engineers and Iraqi Electrical Power Presented By MG Robert Griffin for the Center for Strategic & International Studies 20 August 2003
USACE MISSIONS Military Engineering Terrain & Geospatial Installations & Environment Water Resources DOD, Federal State & Local International Plus:Homeland HomelandSecurity Security Plus: Civil Works Acquire, manage & dispose DOD recruiting facilities Contingency Operations Interagency & Int l Services Military Construction Installation Support Environmental Interagency & International Services Real Estate Military Programs Research & Development Navigation, Hydropower Flood control, Shore Protection Disaster Response Environmental Restoration Water Supply Regulatory Recreation
One Corps Serving The Army and the Nation U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Iraq Mission: Equip and deploy teams forward and leverage Corps resources to assist DoD in helping the people of Iraq reclaim and rebuild their country. Key Tasks: Preparing for Force Deployment, Sustainment and Redeployment Restoring Iraqi Oil Supporting Reconstruction Technical Support to the Office of Coalition Provisional Authority including providing electrical power and advising ministries
Support to U.S. Forces Overview Support preparatory tasks for military operations and redeployment Technical assistance to tactical units in military operations Support beddown of U.S. Army forces Through Direct Support to Tactical Engineers
Wiring Diagram President SECDEF NSC/ Interagency Commander CENTCOM CJCS CPA Administrator Presidential Envoy Commander CJTF-180 Commander CJTF-7 Direct Support Director of Oil Policy Director of Civil Affairs Director Economic Policy Director Reconstruction (USAID) Director Operations Director Security Affairs Director Press & Public Affairs
CURRENT USACE OIF DISPOSITION NORTH CPA NORTH USAID NORTH RCG NORTH TF RIO NORTH CPA CENTRAL USACE IPC 4 ID TAC FEST-M(-) V Corps USAID CENTRAL B(-)/249 EN BN RCG S. CENTRAL IRO (MVD) RCG CENTRAL CPA SOUTH CPA SOUTH C USAID SOUTH C USAID SOUTH FEST-M RIO 111 th EN Group LNO TAC (Fwd) RAFHA RCG SOUTH TF RIO SOUTH
Restoration of Iraqi Power Infrastructure USACE is assisting Iraqi Ministry of Electricity in the assessment and repair of power generation and transmission facilities Troop Camps Requirements Technical Assistance to USAID
Electric Power Issues Issues Old Equipment ( 60 s Technology) Efficiency Parts Availability Inconsistent Design/Manufacture Sanctions Dual Use Prohibitions United Nations Development Program Funding Process Waste/Fraud/Abuse Fuel Availability (Oil Production) Climate Increased Demand Summer & Winter Decreasing Efficiency
Electric Power Issues (cont) Competing Demands Hospitals Water Treatment Sewage Residential Industrial/Agricultural Security Looting/Sabotage Vandalism/Pilferage Intimidation Establishment of Power Police Tribal Security Communications Load Management Control Maintenance Electricity Is Key
3 7 2 8 6 10 9 11 12 5 1 4 14 13 15 16 Developing a National Power Grid Zakho Regulation Dam Dohuk Mosul Dam Mosul / PUMP Mosul Dam Iraq Power Grid 400 KV and 132 KV Badush Adaya Cement Factory North East B Tuz Kirkuk Cement Industrial Factory Kirkuk S Kirkuk Kesek Tele Abu Dhaher To / From Syria IT2A Simjar Cement Factory Mosul Hamam Mishrak Gayara SherKat IT1A Kirkuk Tamem Old Kirkuk Meqadidiya Tele Afar Bayji Dibis Khanaqin Mosul Gas N. Mosul Yarmuk Bayji Refinery Mula Abdulla Hemrien Yaremcha E. Mosul Karakosh Tikrit S. Tikrit New Mula Abdulla Khalis Hemrein North West A Samara Dam Dour Belatroze Diyala Balad Samara S Karkh Water Supply Balad Broadcasting West Baquba East Baquba Nasser Tarmiya Qudas West C Qaim Factory Taji Baghdad E. Oil Field BN BE Rashidiya Qaim Pump Station Ana Waziria Jameela Akashat Haditha Dam Abu Graib Thaura New Akashat Heet Ramadi E. Faluja City Masna a Factory BW Hariya Kadhimiya Baghdad D Muthana Gazali Rotbah Qubaissa Ramadi Habania Faluja Cement Factory Jamiah Farabi Mashtel LED 132 KV Energized Jaza ir Yarmouk Monsur Ma ari New Baghdad NCC Nahrawan 132 KV Damaged Jadriya Baghdad S. Masbah 132 KV Unknown 400 KV Energized Eskan Al Kher Doura 400 KV Damaged Yusefiyah Eskanderiya Qusaiba Samediya Hettein Latifiya BS Sowarah Jassan Dubunee Aziziyah Na aminiyah South East F Edhekha Cement Factory Mousaib Babel Broadcasting Diaboraj Qadessiya Ghamas Qut Wassit Ali Al Gharby Old Amarah Karballa North Juraf Al SaKhar South Qut Old Qut South Amarah Dijella New Amarah Qurna Qurna Karballa Babel Shamiya Rafa-ee Hillah North Diwaniyah Shatra Toba Old Hartha Hartha Hillah South Jatmiya Old Diwaniyah Hamar Sha ebe Nejibiyah Basrah East Hartha South E Najaf Tile Factory Old Najaf N. Najaf N. Samawah Samawah Roumaitha Nasiriyah North Nasiriyah Masaba am Old Nasiriyah Petro New Rumaila Many Oil Substations Bab Al Zubayr Steel Factory Zubayr 1-A Zubayr 1-B Asmeeda Harbor Zubayr Oil Bakar Harbor Khor Zubayr SST Old Umm Qasr New Umm Qasr Sowa
Electric Power Production Iraq Electric Power Output Data thru 9 Aug 03 MW 5500 4500 3500 5300MW Long Term Goal (IVc) 4600MW Near Term Goal (IVb) 4400MW Pre-Combat Peak 2500 1500 30-May 6-Jun 13-Jun 20-Jun 27-Jun 4-Jul 11-Jul Date 18-Jul 25-Jul 1-Aug 8-Aug 4000MW Pre-Combat Ave 7 Day Ave National Output
Power Production (MW) Hydro Power (10 Plants) Capacity = 1864 Producing = 775 Gas Power Plants (18 Plants) Capacity = 2349 Producing = 725 Steam Power Plants (8 Plants) Capacity = 4635 Producing = 1800 Total Capacity = 8848 MW Total Production = 3300 (as of 18 AUG) DEMAND (est( est): ): National: 6000 Baghdad: 2500 Transmission: 400KV 132KV Distribution: 44 KV 11 KV 21% Hydro 26% Gas 53% Thermal
Next Steps Electric Power Iraqi Energy Production and Distribution Conference Tampa, 25-27 AUG Address near, mid and long term issues Electric power, oil, security and communications CPA & Electricity Commission identifying Priorities Critical projects Securing funding $200M of power generation upgrade projects identified $200M purchase of 400MW of portable power units for supplementing power generation in Baghdad. Funding approved - contract action underway
Next Steps Electric Power (cont) Security Stand up Iraqi Security Force to protect critical infrastructure Higher local tribes to protect until federal force is in place Coalition priority to protect electrical infrastructure United Nations Development Program funding line repair efforts in Baghdad, as well as other governates USAID funding long term rehabilitation efforts for various generation stations throughout Iraq that will take place for the next several years Hydropower plants upgrade/ repair
Oil Connection Task Force Restore Iraqi Oil (RIO), Southwestern Division (SWD), US Army Corps of Engineers To Turkey T1 Depot Haditha Factories Full Fell Mosul Kirkuk Dibis Bayji Saddam (Bayji) Bayji Rasafa Mushahedah Taji North Gas Co Mula Abdulla New Mula Abdulla Baghdad East Qudas Jamboor Khanaqin Abu Graib Doura Baghdad South Mussaib Buzulgaan DAHUK FUEL AVAILABILITY STATUS MOSUL REFINERY BAIJI IN IRAQ KIRKUK Legend Oil Field and GOSP Refinery Power Station Natural Gas Dome Product Depot Hillah Diwaniyah Latifiyah Rail Nasiriyah Najaf Truck Crude Oil North Rumaila Natural Gas Product:, Gas Oil, and Kerosene South South Gas with Major Rumaila Company Filling Station Fuel Oil Khor Zubayr Hartha Najibiyah Shuwaiba Umiyah Terminal Bhaker Terminal POWER FUEL LED AVAILABILITY NORMAL RAMADI KERBALA BAGHDAD REFINERY KUT AMARAH <2 WK SUPPLY SHORTAGES NOW PIPELINES CRUDE GAS PRODUCT PLANT STATUS OPERATING READY DAMAGED TEAM RIO 5/8/2003 NASSRIYAH Please send updated information to: paul.roege@us.army.mil BASRAH REFINERY
Oil Production & Restoration Strategy Crude Production - Rolling 7-Day Averages 1600 1400 t Thousand Barrels 1200 1000 800 600 400 South 200 0 South Reserve North Reserve 4/21 4/28 5/5 5/12 5/19 5/26 6/2 6/9 6/16 6/23 6/30 7/7 7/14 7/21 7/28 8/4 - Near term = Systematic approach that provides backup power at critical nodes. Divert inbound generators as necessary. - Long term = Backup power at key production and pumping facilities. Generators to power facilities and augment power available on commercial grid. North Date
Step Forward, Reach Back Leveraging USACE capabilities and knowledge through Field Force Engineering
Reachback Products Hydrology analysis Assessments of bridges and airfields Base camp site selection analysis Design transportation strong-points Re-powering of generators Euphrates River Dam Assessments Interactive maps of Iraqi infrastructure Design of Mabey-Johnson temporary bridges Historical records and drawings for key facilities Structural assessments for buildings and bridges Baghdad power, water and sewerage plant assessments Technical assistance on munitions demolition