U.S. Navy Support to Humanitarian Assistance / Disaster Response (HA/DR)

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1 U.S. Navy Support to Humanitarian Assistance / Disaster Response (HA/DR) Rear Admiral Sinclair M. Harris Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Southern Command Commander, U.S. FOURTH Fleet December 4, 2012

2 The Problem

3 US Military Responses to HA/DR HURRICANE Operation SHINING HOPE, KATRINA,Kosovo & Albania, 1999 Berlin Airlift,1948 Martinique and St. Vincent Operation SEA ANGEL, Pakistan, 2005, Operation Tomodachi Bangladesh, Operation ATLAS 2011 RESPONSE, Maputo, Haiti, 2010 Operations PROVIDE Mozambique, COMFORT I and II, HURRICANE SANDY, Operation SUPPORT HOPE, Operation IDA Rwanda, 1994 Iran, 1962 Operation UNIFIED ASSURED DELIVERY, Operation ASSISTANCE, Operation FUERTO APOYO, Republic of Georgia, Indonesia, Thailand, Sri 2008 Lanka, Central America,

4 World Wide Disasters Comparisons Disaster Effects Pakistan Flood 92 Indonesia Tsunami 04 Pakistan Quake 05 Hurricane Katrina 05 Haiti Quake 10 Pakistan Flood 10 Japan Quake 11 Deaths ~ 1,200 ~ 225,000 ~79,000 ~1,368 ~230,000 ~ 1,961 ~14,000 ~15,000 missing Persons Affected ~4.8m ~5m ~5m ~15m ~3m ~20.2m millions IDPs 3m 575, m 1.2m ~1m ~10.1m ~500,000 Homes Affected 960,000 ~180, , , ,000 ~1.9m millions Sq Km Affected Relief /Recovery DoD Personnel ~19,000 ~9,562 ~30,000 ~81,512 ~27,750 ~132,000 tsunami ~500 ~$2.4B ~$7B ~$5.1B ~$81B ~$15B ~$10-15B Est. are escalating ~ 500B 0 16,000 1,200 17,417 22, ~20,000 USN Ships DoD Planes ~140 DoD Helicopters Length of Time Many 4 years 5 years 5 years 4 years On going Months Months

Effort Command Threads From 1970-2012, U.S.

5 Things To Know Joint /US Navy Playbooks Operational Design Operation Unified Response (Haiti) Key Points Partners Situational Awareness Collaboration/Coordination Unity of Effort Command Threads From , U.S. forces were involved in almost 400 humanitarian missions

6 Joint / U.S. Navy Playbooks Humanitarian assistance/disaster response (HA/DR) is a core capability.

Capabilities) Mitigate Suffering Meet Basic Needs Phase III

7 Operational Design Phased Operations Phase I (Emergency Response) Immediate Lifesaving Phase II (Tailored Capabilities) Mitigate Suffering Meet Basic Needs Phase III (Restoration) USN Restoration Assistance Long-Term Engagement U.S. Navy Response

OPERATION UNIFIED RESPONSE Port au Prince Haiti Port = critical infrastructure Severely damaged Airport not able to sustain delivery of aid Detailed port

majority of the world s population live within a few hundred miles of the ocean.

8 OPERATION UNIFIED RESPONSE Port au Prince Haiti Port = critical infrastructure Severely damaged Airport not able to sustain delivery of aid Detailed port assessment needed to: Avoid hazards Prepare site for expeditionary offload Repair facility South Pier collapsed Cars & containers in harbor North Pier sunk Vast majority of the world s population live within a few hundred miles of the ocean. Bulk of capabilities and supplies that ultimately sustained relief effort were delivered by sea. Airplanes at International Airport in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, sit parked prior to being offloaded in support of earthquake relief efforts 17 Jan 2010.

9 OPERATION UNIFIED RESPONSE U.S. Navy Response Guantanamo Bay (Cuba): Joint Logistics Hub (CTF 48) VINSON (CVN) USNS COMFORT (T-AH) NORMANDY (CG) BUNKER HILL (CG) HIGGINS (DDG) UNDERWOOD (FFG) USNS GRASP (T-ARS) P-3s E-2s Predators USNS HENSON (T-AGS) USNS JACK LUMMUS (T-AK) SACAGAWEA (T-AKE) NASSAU ARG with 24 MEU: NASSAU (LHD) MESA VERDE (LPD) ASHLAND (LSD) CAPE MAY (T-AKR) USNS PFC DEWAYNE WILLIAMS (T-AK) HUAKAI (MV) USNS BIG HORN (T-AO) CORNHUSKER STATE (T-ACS) LEWIS AND CLARK (T-AKE) BATAAN ARG with 22 MEU: BATAAN (LHD) FORT MCHENRY (LSD) CARTER HALL (LSD) GUNSTON HALL (LSD) JTF Port Opening (CTF 42) Largest Humanitarian Response Mission in U.S. Navy History: 14,000 Sailors, 23 ships, 89 aircraft Civil Affairs, Security, Logistics Support, Seabees, Combat Camera, Navy Divers Engineers

OPERATION UNIFIED RESPONSE Partner Navy Response ATHABASKAN (DDG, Canada)

BAY (LSD, UK) CAVOUR (CVH, Italy) CASTILLA (LPD, Spain) SIROCO (LPD, France)

ADMIRANTE SABOIA (LST, Brazil) CARTAGENA DE INDIAS (AUX, COL) BUENAVENTURA

10 OPERATION UNIFIED RESPONSE Partner Navy Response ATHABASKAN (DDG, Canada) HALIFAX (FF, Canada) HUASTECO (Aux, Mexico) USUMACINTA (LST, Mexico) LARGS BAY (LSD, UK) CAVOUR (CVH, Italy) CASTILLA (LPD, Spain) SIROCO (LPD, France) ZAPOTECO (Aux, Mexico) TARASCO (Aux, Mexico) PAPALOAPAN (LST, Mexico) ADMIRANTE SABOIA (LST, Brazil) CARTAGENA DE INDIAS (AUX, COL) BUENAVENTURA (Aux, COL) CAPANA (LST, VEN) ESEQUIBO (LST, VEN) UNCLAS Part of a Larger International Response

11 Department of State Partners Key Point #1 USAID Partner Military World Food Programme

Situational Awareness Key Point #2 Must rapidly determine: Extent of damage

reports Cell phone pictures Status of logistics hubs Lines of communication

what aid When relief supplies coming What conveyance Partner capabilities /

12 Situational Awareness Key Point #2 Must rapidly determine: Extent of damage (civilian commercial partners) Google satellite imagery Aid workers, host nation reports Cell phone pictures Status of logistics hubs Lines of communication Location of suffering Best distribution points Must also know: Who contributing what aid When relief supplies coming What conveyance Partner capabilities / needs Awareness helps define requirements and priorities to enable flow of manpower and supplies

org web portal Bridge-bridge between ship captains Phone/e-mail between liaison officers and headquarters Social networking

13 Collaboration/Coordination Key Point #3 HADR operations underscore importance of collaboration Non-classified info-sharing networks All Partner Access Network (APAN) InRelief.org web portal Bridge-bridge between ship captains Phone/ between liaison officers and headquarters Social networking media allowing anyone to upload info in real-time Blackberry, cell phones, radios ashore Militaries do not need to control flow, but must be able to inject and extract from central info hubs at will

agencies, both governmental and nongovernmental with the military in a supporting role.

14 Unity of Effort Key Point #4 Value of regional military interactions Public-Private Partnerships are important HADR operations require coordination and collaboration among many agencies, both governmental and nongovernmental with the military in a supporting role. During HADR operations unity of command may not be possible, but the requirement for unity of effort becomes paramount.

Common Threads Some things are always the same Non-military government/civilian agencies and international organizations are the experts Know

Uncertain environment Sheltering, food, fresh water and medical needs first wave It always takes longer than you expect / plan Utility

15 Common Threads Some things are always the same Non-military government/civilian agencies and international organizations are the experts Know local laws and culture USAID is lead US agency for foreign disasters Never have enough helicopters Time is not on your side; rescues come early Uncertain environment Sheltering, food, fresh water and medical needs first wave It always takes longer than you expect / plan Utility restoration/roadwork are needed to transition Security and safety concerns both the serving and those being served Media and VIPs come early and need handling

Operational environment Relief OpArea Banda Aceh Phuket Epicenter Areas Affected by Tsunami Utapao How quickly Media and VIPs

16 Common Threads Some things are not Geography and demography dictate the nature of operations Effected nation s capability and desire for help Casualties and displaced persons Metrics for assessing needs or success Language How the end is determined Operational environment Relief OpArea Banda Aceh Phuket Epicenter Areas Affected by Tsunami Utapao How quickly Media and VIPs lose interest Personalities and experience of NGOs and other crisis responders Rules of engagement or rules for the use of force 16

2011 Military Health System Conference. Medical Response to Haiti Earthquake Operation Unified Response

2011 Military Health System Conference Medical Response to Haiti Earthquake Operation Unified Response The Quadruple Aim: Working Together, Achieving Success CAPT Michele Hancock, Deputy SG, US Southern