Document Based Questions:

Transcription

1 Name: Class: Document Based Questions: Part A - Honors Directions: Analyze the following documents. Your answers should be as detailed and ful as possible. You will need to utilize the documents and your answers to complete Part B. Document 1 MARKET CRASHES-PANIC HITS NATION one headline blared I couldn t imagine such a financial disaster touching my small world; it surely concerned only the rich. But by the first week of November I too knew differently; along with millions of others across the nations, I was without a job. All that next week I searched for any kind of work that would prevent my leaving school. Again it was, We re firing, not hiring. Finally, on the seventh of November I went to school and cleaned out my locker, knowing it was impossible to stay on. A piercing chill was in the air as I walked back to the rooming house. The hawk had come. I could already feel his wings shadowing me. - Gordon Parks Quote from The Hawk Had Come by Gordon Parks from Brother Can You Spare a Dime? The Great Depression, by Milton Metzler. Copyright 1969 by Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. 1a. Why would Parks believe that the stock market crash would have no effect on his small world? 1b. Why was Parks unable to find a job in the weeks after the stock market crash?

2 Document 2 We in America today are nearer to the final triumph over poverty than ever before in the history of any land. The poorhouse is vanishing from among us We shall soon be in sight of the day when poverty will be banished from this nation. - campaign speech given by Herbert Hoover in 1928 the fundamental business of the country is on a sound and prosperous basis - Herbert Hoover during the first week of the stock market crash, 1929 The spread of government destroys initiative [independent action] and thus destroys character. Character is made in the community as well as in the individual by assuming responsibilities, not by escaping them. - Herbert Hoover in 1930 We have passed the worst - Herbert Hoover in March a. Judging by the above quotations, was Hoover realistic in his assessment of the severity of the Great Depression? How so? 2b. What was Hoover s attitude toward government intervention in the economy, based on the quotations above? What leads you to think that?

3 Document 3 3a. According to the cartoonists work, how concerned does Hoover seem to be with the economic problems facing America? What led you to that conclusion? 3b. According to the cartoon, what is Hoover s answer to the problems facing America?

4 Document 4 I am certain that my fellow Americans expect that on my induction into the Presidency I will address them with a candor and a decision which the present situation of our Nation impels. This is preeminently the time to speak the truth, the whole truth, frankly and boldly. Nor need we shrink from honestly facing conditions in our country today. This great Nation will endure as it has endured, will revive and will prosper. So, first of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to fear is fear itself nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance. In every dark hour of our national life a leadership of frankness and vigor has met with that understanding and support of the people themselves which is essential to victory. I am convinced that you will again give that support to leadership in these critical days Our greatest primary task is to put people to work. This is no unsolvable problem if we face it wisely and courageously. It can be accomplished in part by direct recruiting by the Government itself, treating the task as we would treat the emergency of war, but at the same time, through this employment, accomplishing greatly needed projects to stimulate and reorganize the use of our natural resources. Hand in hand with this we must frankly recognize the overbalance of population in our industrial centers and, by engaging on a national scale in a redistribution, endeavor to provided a better use of the land for those best fitted for the land. The task can be helped by definite efforts to raise the values of agricultural products and with this the power to purchase the output of our cities. It can be helped by preventing realistically the tragedy of the growing loss through foreclosure of our small homes and our farms. -Franklin D. Roosevelt, First Inaugural Address (March 4, 1933) 4a. Why does Roosevelt argue that fear itself is the greatest problem facing the country? 4b. What is the main thing that the country has to do, according to Roosevelt? How does he propose to go about accomplishing it?

5 Document 5 The impact is like a shovelful of fine sand flung against the face. People caught in their own yards grope for the doorstep. Cars come to a stand still, for no light in the world can penetrate that swirling murk The nightmare is deepest during the storms. But on the occasional bright day and the usual gray day we cannot shake from it. We live with the dust, eat it, sleep with it, watch it strip us of possessions and the hope of possessions. It is becoming the Real. The poetic uplift of spring fades into a phantom of the storied past. The nightmare is becoming life. - Avis D. Carlson, Dust From Dust by Avis D. Carlson, from The New Republic, A Journal of Opinion,, May 1, Copyright 1935 by The New Republic. 5a. What is Carlson describing in the above passage? What clues lead you to that conclusion? 5b. According to Carlson s description, how does this affect the people?

6 Document 6 6a. According to the cartoon, what is one of the major issues that FDR has to deal with? Why? 6b. Why would Congress, and the relatives and jobholders shown as children, not have the heart to put the old dog down?

7 Document 7 7a. How does the cartoonist represent Congress reacting to FDR s plans? 7b. Who are the two gentlemen represented in the background of the cartoon? How do they seem to feel about what they see?

8 Document 8 8a. The man cutting wood represents the Democrat controlled Congress who does the cartoonist portray as forcing Congress to work? What led you to that conclusion? 8b. What issues are in the woodpile of Roosevelt s Reconstruction Plan? Realistically, what was Congress supposed to deal with FDR s plans? What was their motivation to cut through the wood pile?

9 Document 9 9a. How many PWA projects were underway nationwide in 1938? In what states did the PWA help build schools? 9b. Which state do you feel benefited most from PWA projects in 1938? Why? Which state do you feel benefited least from PWA projects in 1938? Why? (Consider: population, types of projects, and size of state?)

10 Document 10 Select New Deal Programs First New deal Provisions Emergency Banking Act Farm Credit Administration (FCA) Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) of 1933 Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) National Recovery Administration (NRA) Public Works Administration (PWA) Civil Works Administration (CWA) Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Federal Housing Administration (FHA) Second New Deal Works Progress Administration (WPA) Rural Electrification Administration (REA) National Youth Administration (NYA) National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) Social Security Act (SSA) Farm Securities Administration (FSA) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) of 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act Gave the executive branch the right to regulate banks Refinanced loans to keep farmers from losing their land Employed young men on public works projects Provided relief to the needy Paid farmers to grow fewer crops; later declared unconstitutional Built dams and power plants in the Tennessee Valley region Lent money to homeowners to refinance their mortgages Insured deposits in individual bank accounts Regulated industry and raised wages and prices; later declared unconstitutional Set up public works projects to increase employment Provided federal jobs to the unemployed Regulated the securities market Insured bank loans for building and repairing homes Provisions Created jobs in public works, research, and the arts Provided electricity to rural areas lacking public utilities Provided job training and part time jobs to students Recognized labor s right to bargain collectively Provided unemployment benefits and retirement pensions Provided loans to help tenant farmers buy land Paid farmers to voluntarily limit crop production Established a minimum wage and a 40 hour work week 10a. How many New Deal programs were intended to provide work for the unemployed, and what types of work? 10b. Which programs attempted to reform American governmental and economic systems to help recovery and prevent future problems? How did they go about accomplishing that?

11 Document-Based Project Due Date: May 8 th Part B - Honors Directions: Using the information from the documents provided and your knowledge of the era, create a short PowerPoint presentation that includes an introduction, several information slides, and a conclusion. Historical Context The 1920 s were a decade of economic activity and growth. Many people believed that the prosperity enjoyed by the United States would continue indefinitely. More people than ever before invested in the stock market, bought items on credit, and took part in the consumerism of the decade. This all came to an end in Task Using information in the documents and your knowledge of U.S. history, create a Power Point presentation in which you address the following questions: Did America move closer to or further from its founding ideals during this era? And At least 2 other questions from our list of Essential Questions Guidelines Minimum requirements: 10 slides in addition to a title page, introduction and conclusion, 10 pictures integrated into the slides. (Cited within the presentation using text boxes) Address all aspects of the Task by accurately analyzing and interpreting at least five (5) of the documents and use the information provided in the documents in your slides. Be sure to organize your presentation in a clear and logical way and establish a framework that goes beyond a simple restatement of the Task or Historical and sums up your theme. Support your argument with relevant outside facts and information that addresses the theme of your presentation. The theme would be your general argument that addresses all points of the Task. Eg. Hoover did nothing, while FDR offered salvation. Handing It In Save the documents as your first initial, last name, dbq for example: jsmola dbq your Powerpoint and Word doc. with answers for each document to jsmola@cbsd.org with DBQ project, class period as the subject line; for example DBQ project 3 for anyone in 3 rd period. Or you may use Google Docs.

12 Documents Document 1 Document 2 Document 3 Document 4 Document 5 Document 6 Document 7 Document 8 Document 9 Document 10 Advanced 4 with with with with with with with with with with Proficient 3, 1 with, 1 with, 1 with, 1 with, 1 with, 1 with, 1 with, 1 with, 1 with, 1 with Basic 2 Below Basic 1 Score / 40 PowerPoint Documents 2 parts of Task Content x2 Advanced 5 Uses information from more than 5 Fully addresses both In-depth analysis Proficient 4 Uses information from at least 5 Adequately addresses both Adequate explanation Organization Clear and concise Understandable Basic 3 Uses information from less than 5 Fully addresses one and attempts the other Some explanation Understandable with effort Below Basic 2 Uses information from less than 4 Addresses only one Little to no explanation Confusing Pictures 12 or more 10 Less than 10 Less than 7 Conclusion Logical and ful Clear restatement of theme Simplistic Score /35 Confusing or missing Total: /75 = %