Lancashire Family History & Heraldry Society

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Lancashire Family History & Heraldry Society Chorley Branch Education Group Talk Handout Army Records The Army The Anglo-Saxons had a militia force that could be called out in times of national

1 Lancashire Family History & Heraldry Society Chorley Branch Education Group Talk Handout Army Records The Army The Anglo-Saxons had a militia force that could be called out in times of national crisis they fought at Hastings Medieval knights were called to fight for the King and pledged to bring a set number of fighting men with them, however most of the knights usually went to war to get money through ransom rather than to support the King Knights and archers Knights practised hard to hone their warring skills by taking part in the tourney, which was originally a mini battle fought over the land - and deaths and injuries could and did occur Archers had to practise at the Butts every Sunday after church. England s longbow archers were renowned throughout Europe Europeans tended to use the crossbow, which could be as accurate as the

longbow, but the longbow firing rate was higher Medieval Muster Rolls - http://www.medievalsoldier.

Parliamentarians eventually were well disciplined and organised with good leaders Some of the regiments

2 longbow, but the longbow firing rate was higher Medieval Muster Rolls - and TNA Civil War The supporters of the King were badly organised and leadership was inconsistent The Parliamentarians eventually were well disciplined and organised with good leaders Some of the regiments raised during the Civil Wars were taken under the wing of the King after the Restoration and continued as Army units for many years

3 English Civil War -

Up to Victoria Regiments of soldiers, either foot or mounted regiments, would be raised by a local bigwig, who armed them and provided them with his own design of uniform!

4 Up to Victoria Regiments of soldiers, either foot or mounted regiments, would be raised by a local bigwig, who armed them and provided them with his own design of uniform!!! These were eventually taken over as regiments within the regular army Officers bought their commissions, they were not earned on merit as they are today The Prince Regent actually designed his own uniforms when he was Colonel in Chief for several regiments! Nicknames Many regiments had nicknames that reflected their uniforms The 11 th Hussars were commanded in 1840 by the 7 th Earl of Cardigan who decreed the men should wear very tight pink trousers. Their nickname was the Cherubims, which became the Cherry Breeches and also the Cherrybums The 4 th Foot was commanded by William Barrell between 1734 and 1739 The uniform had blue facings on the jacket and blue trousers They became known as Barrell s Blues

Defence Defensive forts and castles were built, and permanently manned, around the coast of

since the time of the Romans and was used during WW2 and the Cold War During the ages,

Engineers belonging to the Office of His Majesty s Ordnance and Officers and Men belonging

5 Defence Defensive forts and castles were built, and permanently manned, around the coast of England for centuries, mainly in the south east Dover Castle has been a defensive position since the time of the Romans and was used during WW2 and the Cold War During the ages, designs for the forts changed, as shown in the following map Georgian Times List of Engineers belonging to the Office of His Majesty s Ordnance and Officers and Men belonging to His Majesty s Royal Regiment of Artillery This shows their pay for the 61 day siege of Gibraltar in 1727

6 List of Men at the siege of Gibraltar TNA

when Napoleon went on the rampage The resultant war generated dispatches, maps, new regiments, new ideas This led

7 Georgian times During Georgian times England was at war in the American colonies The army was a reasonably well-organised force, that was kept supplied and organised from Horse Guards in London War brewed up in Europe when Napoleon went on the rampage The resultant war generated dispatches, maps, new regiments, new ideas This led to a lot of paperwork some of which is in The National Archives Napoleonic Wars ( ) -

Victoria During Victoria s reign the army became better organised and regiments were stabilised Barracks were built to accommodate soldiers and their

example Regimental numbers were introduced Officers still bought their commissions Here is a list of fifers and drummers showing their Victorian

10 Victoria During Victoria s reign the army became better organised and regiments were stabilised Barracks were built to accommodate soldiers and their families The main difficulty at times was to find good, experienced officers to command the soldiers the Charge of the Light Brigade is a prime example Regimental numbers were introduced Officers still bought their commissions Here is a list of fifers and drummers showing their Victorian regimental numbers It also shows their length of service for one stint and their allowance per day They would have been paid 5 7s 9d for the 90 days of their service

its place Developments in fire-arms and tactics abroad meant that

11 Drummers & Fifers - TNA Victoria / Edward During the wars in South Africa the red uniforms disappeared and the familiar khaki took its place Developments in fire-arms and tactics abroad meant that the army had to become more professional Boer War casualties - Ancestry

12 Boer War casualties - FindMyPast Militia Militia - Saxon times In Saxon times there was no standing army. Men and boys of the right age were called on to fight for the king for a certain amount of time each year At the time of the Norman Conquest, the Saxon king Harold had called on his men to fight with him at Stamford Bridge near York against the Vikings They had already been on high alert because of the threat from Normandy Their days of service were at an end after the battle at Stamford Bridge and many went back to their homes to harvest the crops When Duke William finally landed, the Saxon army was a depleted, weary group of men who fought to their utmost ability, but were overcome in the end Militia - Medieval times The knights who took their men to war with them were basically a militia style army they were not members of a regular army as we have now Skills were honed at home and could be used against their neighbours as much as in the king s service A web site for Medieval Soldiers is available and it has profiles of individual soldiers.

13 Militia - Tudor times In Tudor times, the militia began to be a more organised force Musters of able-bodied men were kept and many are now in TNA at Kew When Elizabeth I spoke to her army at Tilbury, she was speaking to the militia who were there to defend England. The main soldiers were on board the fleet chasing the Spanish Armada up the English Channel. Militia - Post Tudor times Readers of Jane Austen will remember the excitement felt by many of the young ladies when the militia were stationed in their area The Duke of Atholl still has his own private army at Blair Atholl There is also the Royal Company of Artillerymen, the monarch s bodyguard in the City of London

15 Militia - Victorian times During Victoria s reign these militia groups became more organised and were attached to local regiments

Militia - Post Victorian During WW1 men who had served with the volunteers were encouraged to reenlist to help with Home Defence Militia Today The tradition of a civilian volunteer army is still with

16 Militia - Post Victorian During WW1 men who had served with the volunteers were encouraged to reenlist to help with Home Defence Militia Today The tradition of a civilian volunteer army is still with us in the shape of the Army Reserve (Previously the TA) These men and women are serving beside regular army personnel on the war front in Afghanistan and Iraq World Wars World Wars Both World Wars of the 20 th century saw many horrific developments in firearms and tactics Anti-aircraft batteries were formed The parachute was developed and used in raids over the Continent Women entered the armed services Records Regimental records are kept at The National Archives. To access them you need to know a person s regiment, the time of service and possibly regimental number There are many regimental museums around the country, where local records, such as war diaries, may be accessed, but the main records are at TNA at Kew Records - The Internet

17 Some records are gradually being put on to the Internet for easier access to a wider audience These include pensions records, medal records and prisoner of war records Pension records can be many pages long and not only include the soldier s army record, but also letters from the soldier s close relatives A record from the Pension Records on Ancestry.co.uk for Edward Mantle. I have his service records too, but they are in very poor condition. This was also obtained from Ancestry. (13 pages) Here are the first two of eight pages

20 Medal Card Ancestry

21 De Ruvigny's Roll of Honour, Ancestry & Findmypast Soldiers Died in Great War Ancestry & Findmypast

The National Roll of the Great War, 1914-1918 - Ancestry

contained a lot of information, but also what could be called

22 The National Roll of the Great War, Ancestry Records - After Service Discharge papers for soldiers contained a lot of information, but also what could be called a load of bumf My father kept all his papers, copies of which are on the wall

23 The Home Guard Dad s Army was to be used as a guerrilla force if the Germans invaded!!!!!!! Under age young men and veterans from World War I formed most of the brigades Local groups were trained by the army and went on manoeuvres with them Army ranks were used and promotion records can be found at the Imperial War Museum, London

Dunkirk He was held prisoner of war for the duration of

24 WW2 Prisoners of War Herbert Chapman Herbert was captured in 1940 providing a rearguard action to the retreat at Dunkirk He was held prisoner of war for the duration of the war. For most of that time he was held at Fort Rauch in Poland

From the smiles Herbert seems to have had a good

other accounts of other people s experience it was

I read of beatings, deaths and starvation

25 From the smiles Herbert seems to have had a good war. However, by searching the internet and getting other accounts of other people s experience it was not always happy. I read of beatings, deaths and starvation especially towards the end of the war when they were marched back to Germany. Herbert being punished

26 Ancestry has some records of the men who were prisoners of war in Germany

28 This card was not obtained from Ancestry but from the Veteran s Agency.

29 International Committee of the Red Cross Prisoners of War WW1

33 WW2 WW2 Casualties Army Roll of Honour Ancestry

34 WW2 Casualties Pay site that covers Post WW2, Interwar, WW2 World War 1, Boer, Victorian Conflicts, Crimean, Early 19th Century, Napoleonic, Pre-Napoleonic ( )

35 Commonwealth War Graves Commission

Chelsea Pensioners From 1692 until 1955 all Army Pensions were paid through the Royal Chelsea Hospital There were two types of pensioner in- pensioners and out-pensioners Out-pensioners lived with

39 Chelsea Pensioners From 1692 until 1955 all Army Pensions were paid through the Royal Chelsea Hospital There were two types of pensioner in- pensioners and out-pensioners Out-pensioners lived with their families and received their pension money on a regular basis Their records are at TNA, Kew In-pensioners are the familiar red-coated ex-soldiers we see every year at the Festival of Remembrance They give up their pension to live at the Chelsea Hospital, which is run on military lines Records of the Chelsea Pensioners from 1871 can be accessed through the Assistant Curator at the Hospital. Records prior to 1871 are at TNA, Kew Some are on FindMyPast ( ) Some are on Ancestry (Index) and you will be transferred to Fold3 for images (pay site) Royal Hospital Chelsea Pensioner Admissions and Discharges, Royal Hospital Chelsea Pensioner Soldier Service Records, Royal Hospital, Chelsea: Regimental Registers of Pensioners,

40 Royal Hospital Chelsea Pensioner Registers of Soldiers Who Served in Canada, Ancestry Where they served and what they did - The Long Long Trail

44 Where to find the records The National Archives Kew Army Personnel Centre Glasgow (Living men) Veterans UK Armed Forces and War Pensions, Service Records, Medals or Badges Regimental Museums Guards Museum Wellington Barracks, London The Royal British Legion Commonwealth War Graves Commission Regimental Benevolent Societies The Imperial War Museum London Militia records local record offices The Internet Some Useful Army Databases on the Web BBC WW2 Peoples War Commonwealth War Graves Commission Genuki Military page Geoff s Database Imperial War Museum British Empire (Large site with a section on the army Uniforms, Units, Campaigns) Military Researchers With useful information and advice About war memorials and the men recorded on them (With photographs) Where to apply for service records Soldiers Memorials The Long, Long Trail. Large very useful site WW1 Medieval Soldiers. With profiles of individual soldiers. The Wartime Memories Project (WW1 & WW2) War Memorials Archive The National Archives

45 Army Databases available on Ancestry.co.uk Babergh Hundred Military Survey of 1522 Bexley, Kent, England, WWI Registration Cards, British and German Deserters, Dischargees, and POW's Who May Have Remained in Canada and the USA, Part One and Two British Army WWI Medal Rolls Index Cards, British Army WWI Pension Records British Army WWI Service Records, British Naval Biographical Dictionary, 1849 Cornwall, England, Militia and Sea Fencibles Index, Dorset, England, Militia Lists, England, The National Roll of the Great War, Families from village Wetheral : 1949 supplement Gateshead, Durham, England, War Honours Scrapbook, Great Britain Army War List, January 1893 Great Britain, Royal Naval Division Casualties of The Great War, Indian Army Quarterly List for 1 January 1912 Ireland, Casualties of World War I, Ireland, Royal Hospital Kilmainham Pensioner Discharge Documents, Ireland, Royal Irish Constabulary Pensions, Perthshire, Scotland, Militia Survey, 1802 Sample Records from British Army WWI Service Records, Scottish Soldiers in Colonial America, Part III Surrey, England, Regimental Rolls, The French and Indian War from Scottish Sources The Kirkcaldy War Album. Containing portraits of over two hundred Fife men. Groups and Views 1900/1902 UK, American Loyalist Claims, UK, Army Registers of Soldiers' Effects, UK, Army Roll of Honour, UK, British Army Lists, UK, British Army Muster Books and Pay Lists, UK, British Army Recipients of the Military Medal, UK, British Jewry Roll of Honour, UK, British Officer Prisoners of War, UK, British Prisoners of War, UK, Casualties of the Boer War, UK, Citations of the Distinguished Conduct Medal, UK, Commonwealth War Graves, and UK, De Ruvigny's Roll of Honour, UK, Electrical Engineer WWI and WWII Rolls of Honour, 1924, 1949 UK, Hart's Annual Army List, 1908

46 UK, Memorial Books WWI and WWII, UK, Military Campaign Medal and Award Rolls, UK, Military Deserters, UK, Military Discharge Indexes, UK, Royal Hospital Chelsea Pensioner Admissions and Discharges, UK, Royal Hospital Chelsea Pensioner Soldier Service Records, UK, Royal Hospital, Chelsea: Regimental Registers of Pensioners, UK, Silver War Badge Records, UK, Soldiers Died in the Great War, UK, Victoria Cross Medals, UK, Waterloo Medal Roll, 1815 UK, WWI Service Medal and Award Rolls, UK, WWI War Diaries (France, Belgium and Germany), UK, WWI War Diaries (Gallipoli and Dardanelles), UK, WWII Civil Defence Gallantry Awards, Warwickshire, England, Militia, Web: Ireland, Military Service Pension Index, Web: Ireland, National Army Census, 1922 Web: Ireland, Wills of Irish Soldiers Who Died in the British Army, Web: UK, Women's Army Auxiliary Corps Index, West Yorkshire, England, Militia, Databases available on Find My Past ` Boer War Anglo-Boer War Records Britain, Campaign, Gallantry & Long Service Medals & Awards British Army Service Records Image Browse British Army, Honourable Artillery Company British Army, Northumberland Fusiliers British Army, Royal Artillery Officer Deaths British Army, Royal Artillery Officers London Volunteer Soldiers Middlesex War Memorials Military Nurses Paddington Rifles Prisoners Of War Prisoners Of War Browse Register Of The Royal Red Cross, Royal Artillery Attestations Royal Artillery Honours & Awards Royal Fusiliers Collection WW1

47 Abingdon Birmingham City Battalions Birmingham Employers Roll Of Honour Bradford Pals Britain School & University Memorial Rolls Britain, Trade Union Members, Service & Casualties British Army Service Records British Army, Bond Of Sacrifice: Officers Died In The Great War British Army, De Ruvigny's Roll Of Honour British Army, Deserters and Absentees In Police Gazette British Army, Lloyds Of London Memorial Roll British Army, Royal Artillery War Commemoration Book, British In Argentina British Jewry Book Of Honour, British Officers Taken Prisoner Of War Edinburgh Pals Essex, Clacton Roll Of Honour Glasgow Pals Harold Gillies Plastic Surgery Archives From WW1 Kempston Servicemen Leicestershire and Rutland, Soldiers Died Liverpool Pals London County Council Record Of War Service London Stock Exchange Memorial Roll Manchester Employers' Roll Of Honour Manchester Regiment City Battalions Middlesex, Poplar, Military Tribunals National Roll Of The Great War Northamptonshire Military Tribunals Oldham Pals Oldham Pals Roll Of Honour Plymouth Rolls Of Honour Royal Fusiliers, Stockbrokers' Battalion Royal Sussex Regiment, Southdown Battalions Salford Pals Silver War Badge Roll st Sportsman's Battalion, Royal Fusiliers Soldiers Died In The Great War South Africa Roll Of Honour Surrey, Military Tribunals Swansea Pals (14th Welsh Regt) Welsh Guards World War One British Army Medal Index Cards

48 WW1 Distinguished Conduct Medal Citations Yorkshire, Craven's Part In The Great War Medal Rolls and Honours British Army, Indian Volunteer Force Medal Awards Victoria Cross Recipients Other Wars and Conflicts Army Deserters Army List 1787 Army List 1798 Army List August 1878 Britain, Campaign, Gallantry & Long Service Medals & Awards British Army Discharges, 60th Foot British Army Muster Rolls, 60th Foot British Army Muster Rolls, 84th Foot British Army Officer Promotions British Army Pensioners - Royal Hospital Kilmainham, Ireland, British Army Service Records Image Browse British Army, Honourable Artillery Company British Army, List Of Half-Pay Officers 1714 British Army, Northumberland Fusiliers British Army, Royal Artillery Officer Deaths British Army, Royal Artillery Officers British Army, War Of 1812 Casualties British Army, Worldwide Index 1841 British Army, Worldwide Index 1851 British Army, Worldwide Index 1861 British Army, Worldwide Index 1871 British Casualties, Aden British Casualties, Indian Mutiny British Casualties, Korean War British Casualties, Spanish Civil War British India Office Army & Navy Pensions Bromsgrove School England Deaths City Of York Militia & Muster Rolls Cyprus Emergency Deaths Falklands War British Deaths 1982 Grenadier Guards Harts Army List 1840 Harts Army List 1888 Lincolnshire, Kesteven Militia Ballot List 1824 London Volunteer Soldiers Malayan Emergency Commonwealth Deaths Middlesex War Memorials Military Nurses Napoleonic War Records

49 WW2 Northamptonshire Militia Lists 1771 Paddington Rifles Palestine Conflict British Deaths Peninsular War, British Army Officers, Plymouth Militia Records Plymouth Subscribers For Redemption Of Captives In Turkey and Algiers 1680 Prisoners Of War Prisoners Of War Browse Register Of The Royal Red Cross, Royal Artillery Attestations Royal Artillery Honours & Awards Royal Fusiliers Collection Royal Tank Corps Enlistment Records, Surrey Recruitment Registers Waterloo Roll Call, 1815 Britain, Campaign, Gallantry & Long Service Medals & Awards Britain, Enemy Aliens and Internees, First and Second World Wars Britain, Enemy Aliens and Internees, First and Second World Wars Browse British Army Casualty Lists British Army Casualty Lists Image Browse British Army Service Records Image Browse British Army, Honourable Artillery Company British Army, Royal Artillery, 80th Field Regiment Bromsgrove School England Deaths London Volunteer Soldiers Middlesex War Memorials Military Nurses Plymouth Second World War Records Prisoners Of War Prisoners Of War Browse Register Of The Royal Red Cross, Royal Artillery Attestations Royal Artillery Honours & Awards Royal Artillery Other Ranks: Casualty Cards Wyggeston Grammar School England Deaths

50 The Genealogist Casualty Lists War Office Daily Casualty Lists War Office Weekly Casualty List Dambusters Operations Record Book, 617 Squadron Medals Distinguished Conduct Medal Military Medal Military Court Index Military Rolls & Lists Army Lists Defence Staff Lists Despatches Naval and Military Despatches Vol. I (Sept-Oct. 1914) Naval and Military Despatches Vol.II (Nov Jun 1915) Naval and Military Despatches Vol. III (Jul-Oct. 1915) Naval and Military Despatches Vol. VII (Dec Jul 1917) Harrow Memorial of the Great War Harrow Memorials of the Great War 23rd August 1914 to 20th March 1915 Harrow Memorials of the Great War 13th September 1915 to 3rd July 1916 Harrow Memorials of the Great War 31st March 1915 to 11th September 1915 Harrow Memorials of the Great War 5th July 1916 to the 11th April 1917 Harrow Memorials of the Great War 11th April 1917 to 10th April 1918 Harrow Memorials of the Great War 10th April 1918 to the end of the War Memorials (WW1) Loos Memorial Touret Memorial Vis-en-Artois Memorial Arras Memorial Pozieres Memorial Militia Lists North York Militia Officers 1876 First Regiment of Militia History of Lancashire Militia

51 Lancashire Militia Roll of Officers Rolls of Honour War Service Lists National Union of Teachers War records Militia Musters POW Records Regimental Records Essex Ireland Kent Lancashire (example) Manchester City Battalions nd East Lancashire Division th West Lancashire Division Soldiers Died - The Kings Own (Royal Lancaster Regiment) Leicestershire Middlesex National Nottinghamshire Oxfordshire Scotland Yorkshire Rolls of Honour Heroes of the United Service Edinburgh Academy Register, War Supplement The Edinburgh Academy Register Artists' Rifles- Roll Of Honour British Roll of Honour Surrey, Croydon and the Great War Craven's Part in the Great War, Yorkshire Edinburgh Royal High School Roll of Honour Gloucestershire, Stroud District and its Part in The Great War London, Hampstead, University College Roll of Honour & War List The Roll of Honour of the Institution of Electrical Engineers Inner Temple London Old Reptonian War Register London, Wimbledon and Merton Roll of Honour West Riding Yorkshire Territorials in the Great War Manchester City Battalions - Book Of Honour Soldiers who Died in WW1

52 War Memorial List Fold3 UK, Royal Hospital Chelsea Pensioner Soldier Service Records British Army WWI Service Records Distinguished Conduct Medals UK, WWI War Diaries (Gallipoli-Dardanelles) British WWI Medal Rolls Index Cards Ireland, Royal Hospital Kilmainham Pensioner Discharge Documents Good luck. Get searching. Lancashire Family History & Heraldry Society Chorley Research Centre at Astley Hall Farmhouse Opening times First & Third Saturdays Noon 4:00pm Monday, Wednesday & Friday 10:00am 4:00pm Last appointment 3:00pm Booking advisable Tel (When centre is open), Tel (When centre is closed) or Book on line at - Chorley Family History Research Centre Website Research Enquires - chorleyresearch@lffhs.org.uk Chorley Branch Website - LFHHS President Steve Williams Society Website Reg. Charity Number

PWRR MUSEUM RESEARCH BRIEF

PWRR MUSEUM RESEARCH BRIEF The Princess of Wales s Royal Regiment (Queen s & Royal Hampshires) Area Headquarters Leros Barracks Canterbury Kent CT1 1HR 01227 817975 THE PRINCESS OF WALES S ROYAL REGIMENT