RESEARCH SYNOPSIS ON THE MAJESTIC DOCUMENTS. Timothy S. Cooper. Private Investigator. P.O. Box 1206 Big Bear Lake, CA 92315

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "RESEARCH SYNOPSIS ON THE MAJESTIC DOCUMENTS. Timothy S. Cooper. Private Investigator. P.O. Box 1206 Big Bear Lake, CA 92315"

Transcription

1 1 RESEARCH SYNOPSIS ON THE MAJESTIC DOCUMENTS By Private Investigator December 30, 1999

2 2 OVERVIEW In as much as the controversy surrounding the authenticity of the Majestic documents has generated in the last fifteen years among researchers, much evidence in the form of officially released documents through the Freedom of Information Act has either been ignored, or viewed as uninteresting by ufologists. In this synopsis, I argue the theory that FOIA documents in the public domain are the remnants of a high level UFO intelligence and psychological warfare program of the United States Government which began in 1946 and the Majestic documents reflect what might be a overt part of such a program. I also present documented proof that General Walter B. Smith, Director of Central Intelligence was the first DCI to preside over and coordinate all intelligence collection and dissemination functions of the U.S. intelligence community where UFO s played into psychological and intelligence operations in protecting U.S. strategic interests. Contrary to popular belief, a coordinated program of UFO intelligence collection between the military and central intelligence began with General Hoyt S. Vandenberg in 1946 and was never properly implemented during Rear Admiral Roscoe Hillenkoetter s tenure as first Director of the Central Intelligence Agency due to the infighting between RHH and the Intelligence Advisory Board (IAB) dominated by high level military intelligence and State Department officials and did not begin until WBS was appointed DCI in October Also, given the fact that there may have been more than one Majestic project operating at two different levels, one conducted by the State Department and another by the CIA, it is possible that what researchers have studied is a hybrid mixture of both. I propose that the questionable documents known as Majestic or MJ-12 are extrapolations from covert and overt intelligence and psychological material that may have once existed but have long since been absorbed into today s unacknowledged black programs and are now gone forever. In summary, the Majestic documents are, in all probability, an attempt by an informed person(s) to reconstruct for researchers a historical narrative based on non-existent and authentic documents supported by published facts with classic disinformation techniques in what is termed in counterintelligence parlance as gray intelligence. The question of whether they are genuine, authentic or real is not the issue here. The important point to keep in mind, as I believe, is the information contained in the documents themselves. For in these documents

3 3 and the FOIA material already released, and the published facts contain the answers we all seek. The truth may be found in our individual perceptions. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Operational interest began in 1942 with General Donovan as Collector of Information (COI) and later Director of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) who enjoyed direct access to President Roosevelt. OSS later came under the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) and in 1943 became militarized with a psychological warfare mission including counterintelligence, scientific intelligence, and covert warfare. It was General George C. Marshall and General Joseph McNarney who sorted out the OSS mission in 1942 and got Roosevelt s approval. Intelligence on German advanced weapons and technical experts was the focus of the OSS during and after WW II, but bureaucrats tried to get everyone else to agree on some kind of standard definition doctrine for psychological warfare. For obvious reasons, it was left undefined. After the OSS was disestablished, General Vandenberg kept the capability alive under a psywar rubric for ten months while Director of the Central Intelligence Group (CIG) and rebuilt the organization. As Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force during the Korean War Vandenberg built up a staff and an operational psywar capability he wed that military capability to the CIA which was a new experience in the U.S. intelligence community something Donovan could not accomplish in the OSS. The only authorizing documents were National Security Council directives 10/2 and 68 which were general and non-specific with the rule that if you can be successful on the ground, then history can t detect one s tracks and the rest is history. As for flying saucers (later designated unidentified flying objects in 1949) General Charles P. Cabell, Director of Air Force Intelligence reorganized its investigation Project GRUDGE to test the hypothesis by subjecting the UFO intelligence data to rigorous scrutiny of the Feynman method. In 1952, Cabell further enlarged the UFO intelligence collection in Project BLUE BOOK based on the GRUDGE model with recommendations that results be used for psychological warfare applications against the USSR. GRUDGE conclusions stated that the Air Force s Psychological Warfare Division and other government agencies interested in psychological warfare should be informed of the results of this study. The other agencies included the psychological warfare unit at Ft. Riley, Kansas, established in June 1947, Department of State as designated by President

4 4 Truman to coordinate all U.S. psychological warfare known as the Bartlett Committee authorized by NSC 4 of 19 December 1947, Secretary of Defense James Forrestal who incorporated a secret annex to NSC 4 which directed the DCI to supplement the overt with covert psychological warfare, and the CIA s Directorate of Operations which carried out Forrestal s annex. In 1947, General Eisenhower sent a memorandum to his Assistant Chief of Staff for Plans and Operations (WDGS/G-3) wherein Eisenhower indicated his desire that the War Department take those steps necessary to keep alive the arts of psychological warfare and of cover and deception and that there should continue in being a nucleus of personnel capable of handling these arts in case an emergency arises (19 June 1947, RG319, Army Operations, P&O , NARA). In September 1947, Lt. General Albert C. Wedemeyer became Army G- 3 who responded to Eisenhower s urging in various ways over the next year. In the spring of 1951 the General School at Ft. Riley offered a seven-week PW course and in the autumn of 1952 a formal Army PW service school was established at Ft. Bragg with an additional seventeen-week course of instruction and training. In September 1947, Lt. General Albert C. Wedemeyer returned to the United States after his China and Korea mission and became the Army G-3 who responded to Eisenhower s urging initiated a psychological warfare strategy plan for 1949 war plans (a major problem since there was no formal planning for PW training). In April 1950, President Truman personally approved the creation of the Psychological Warfare Strategy Board (PWSB). High officials of the War Department and the Army who actively promoted the immediate post-war development of PW starting in 1946 through 1950 included: (a) Secretary of the Army, the Honorable Kenneth Royall (b) Secretary of War, the Honorable Robert Patterson (c) Assistant Secretary of the Army, the Honorable Gordon Gray (d) Chief of Staff and General of the Army, Dwight D. Eisenhower (e) Lt. General Albert C. Wedemeyer, USA (f) Brigadier General Robert McClure, USA (g) Lt. General J. Lawton Collins, USA (h) Major General Charles Bolte, USA (i) Undersecretary of War, the Honorable William Draper (j) Major General Stephen Chamberlain, USA (G-2) The OSS drafted the first Basic Estimate of the Psychological Warfare Situation in 1942 and the Army drafted the first National Psychological Plan for General War in September 1951 (which supported the State Department s Russian Plan. ) The USAF officially established a PW staff in February 1948 and drafted Special Plans through 1949; by early 1951, the Air Force had launched a major PW operation closely coupled with PW operations of the CIA.

5 5 As the GRUDGE report points out, sightings of flying saucers in the U.S. reached their crescendo in June This is the same month and year in which Eisenhower directed the WDGS/G-3 to maintain a psychological warfare and counterintelligence directorate capability; in which the first post-war Army experimental (prototype) PW tactical unit was activated at Fort Riley and in which the Army Ground General School started an extension (correspondence) training course for Army Reserve intelligence specialists in psychological warfare (the late P.J. Corso claims he saw an alien life form and flying saucer parts temporarily stored at Fort Riley on 6 July, 1947). Co-author W.J. Birnes stated in a private conversation with Corso, that the Fort Riley material came exclusively from Corso (it should be noted that Corso was a staff officer of the Psychological Warfare Board during the Eisenhower Administration). There are other PW implications buried in the GRUDGE report. One of them is that the RAND Corporation consulting report to Project GRUDGE of 1948 by Dr. J.E. Lipp carefully examined the ETH saying, in effect, that at the time the only known technology of space travel would be rockets and that a trip from another star system requires improvements of propulsion that we have not yet considered. The problem here, as I see it, the questioned Majestic documents discuss both fission or fusion based power plants of a downed, recovered UFO in 1947? Is NEPA a coincidence and does it explain a connection? In 1947, NEPA conceived a viable fission based power source for a nuclear powered aircraft but had not yet constructed a prototype power source. Dr. Lipp assumed, for argument s sake, that Martians may have developed a nuclear, hydrogen propelled vehicle as the most efficient basic arrangement yet conceived by Earthlings. He wrote that in principle a large part of the Martian s nuclear material mass might be converted into jet energy but that Earthlings have no idea how to do this and that the materials required to withstand the temperature may be fundamentally unattainable. The implication of this state of the art is, that no one at that time would recognize it for what it might otherwise be neither a nuclear power plant in a crashed spaceship nor any more exotic power plant, including one not based on any reaction mass. About three years after the GRUDGE report was disseminated to other agencies with an interest in PW, in 1952 technical people of the CIA began interacting closely with the Air Force's Project GRUDGE successor, Project BLUE BOOK as CIA/OSI was closely embracing BLUE BOOK by August A detailed memorandum from CIA/OSI to DCI of 24 September, 1952 reviewed the Air Force s AMC/ATIC work in ufology and discussed the UFO phenomenon for U.S. national security in a situation of international tension, but two months after the Korean War armistice. This memorandum, originally classified, was declassified in It states that UFO implications for U.S. national security consist of two parts:

6 6 a. The then inability of U.S. air defenses to distinguish hardware from phantom, i.e., false air raid warning, especially the identification of real (Soviet) air attack as a phantom (this had happened at least once of the Korean War on 6 December, 1950). b. The psychological implication which had to do with whether or not the Soviet Union or the U.S. might be able to manipulate the UFO phenomenon from a psychological warfare point of view as based on controlling and predicting it both defensively and offensively. This memorandum went on to recommend that the United States psychological warfare planners determine what use could be made of the UFO phenomenon against the Soviet Union. An earlier CIA memorandum of 1 August, 1952 to OSI from one of its divisions (Weapons and Equipment) said that a large percentage of ATIC (BLUE BOOK) UFO reports are clearly phony. Basically, the CIA/OSI DCI memorandum of 24 September, 1952 said the same thing about UFO s and PW as did the Project GRUDGE report of three years earlier, i.e., that the UFO phenomenon had a lot of psychological aspects that would allow it to be manipulated for Cold War PW purposes and benefits. In any case, it was this CIA/OSI collaboration with the Air Force PW operations directly led to the DCI referring to the U.S. Psychological Warfare Board (the covert operations committee of the Truman NSC) the subject of PW while also directly leading the CIA to formulate and execute the so called Robertson Panel of January The Robertson Panel s report basically confirmed the work of CIA/OSI. The initial PSB s principals were: the DCI (chairman); the Undersecretary of State (James Webb, later Administrator of NASA in the Kennedy Administration); the Deputy Secretary of Defense (Robert A. Lovett, later a special advisor to President Kennedy) and a small, functional staff directed by former Assistant Army Secretary, the Honorable Gordon Gray. CIA AND COUNTER INTELLIGENCE The CIA was assigned by the Eisenhower Administration the task of preparing a proposed plan of action. Upon executive approval, CIA became responsible for its execution. General Charles P. Cabell as DDCI established a policy that if a function was susceptible of more efficient fulfillment on a centralized basis for all three Services opted for centralization. To make this work, DCI brought in James J. Angelton in 1954 to head up a secret department within CIA known as Counter Intelligence (CI). The activities and function of Angelton was largely unknown in CIA and had direct access to Allan W. Dulles. Angelton was a rouge

7 7 who did not abide by normal procedures and enjoyed plausible denial protection and kept CIA involvement in UFO/PW operations away from public knowledge until For twenty years, JJA was in charge of the CIA s Counter Intelligence Staff and legendary mole hunter. His role was not revealed until 1968, fifteen years after he had assumed his post. His main task was to prevent other countries from learning the secrets of the United States. In 1952, Angelton had assumed a top position in the agency s clandestine directorate guiding and controlling covert operations. To make CI effective Cabell wedded the military to CIA covert and overt operations by providing personnel to the CIA/CI. To broaden the base of DDCI, Cabell made JJA his liaison to the armed services. Another point to consider in CIA/CI was the relationship between Allan Dulles and his brother John Foster Dulles who was Secretary of State during Allan s tenure as DCI and this relationship contributed to maximum effectiveness as Cabell states in his memoirs. As Director of CI, Angelton employed the services of CIA Project MK-ULTRA and other mind control methods to protect the CIA/UFO/PW agenda against Soviet double agents who came into CI custody. Angelton also had solid connections to the National Security Agency and possessed NSA HUMINT files from allied intelligence on JFK s SAPPHIRE letter to French President Charles de Gualle which may have contributed to Kennedy s murder in I suspect that JJA supplied Dulles NSA phone intercepts, coordinated State Department back channel information regarding PW operations that embarrassed President Eisenhower with disclosures that Kennedy was eroding his presidency and Nixon s covert aims at running the White House. TRUMAN AND COVERT OPERATIONS In 1952, President Truman had effectively created national security statecraft through the National Security Act of 1947 and overt and covert policy through the CIA and NSA was in place when he met with president elect Eisenhower to the White House for a high level briefing by top officials. One of his first decisions as president was to appoint General Nathan F. Twining as Chief of Staff of the Air Force. Eisenhower had picked up where Truman had left off by wedding science and technology in weapons development. He had launched the Army s postwar research and development program and had been won over to a military strategy of U.S. competitive advantage in nuclear weapons, airpower, and rockets to deter Soviet aggression. If MJ-12 had ascended to the highest levels of power during Truman s Administration, it was now in position to move into the White House itself. General of the Army George C. Marshall and supporters in the War Department succeeded in the unification of the armed forces under a single department of defense. Lt. General McNarney and General Collins had drafted

8 8 the plan of coordination and centralization and the marriage of the Technical Capabilities Panel headed by James R. Killian, Jr., president of MIT (who later became Eisenhower s scientific advisor). The Office of Defesne Mobilization (ODM) had been approved by Truman and now, in 1953, Eisenhower approved recommendations made by Nelson Rockerfeller and supported by Robert Cutler, Ike s national security advisor, Vannevar Bush, the CIA, and ODM provided a list of qualified experts as a ad hoc panel of scientists to advise the NSC on MJ-12 proposals and other issues. To aid Eisenhower in selecting the most appropriate course in air defense and the whole UFO problem, he appointed a special study group headed by the president of Bell Laboratories. Truman had received a classified report from Dean Acheson, Robert Lovett, and Averal Harriman. Their conclusions stated that it was impossible to erect an impenetrable defense which led Eisenhower to approve NSC 135/3 United States Objectives and Strategy for National Security that continued the line of support and strategy laid out in NSC 68 and similar documents. If Stanton Friedman s Final Report on Operation Majestic 12 gets further confirmation on DCI Walter B. Smith s secret briefings given to Eisenhower before he met Truman (Eisenhower and Truman were seen sitting stone cold publicly in the executive limousine on their way to Ike s swearing in) it may mean that Eisenhower did not agree with Truman s covert UFO research program. Bush, as head of the Research and Development Board (RDB) suggested the creation of the Weapons Systems Evaluation Group (WSEG) in 1947 and 1948 without much success due in large part by the Joint Chiefs of Staff which he viewed as a clear invasion into the affairs of the Board. Without disclosing intent (the establishment of MJ-12), Bush submitted a special report to Truman urging the Budget Bureau to create a new division to advise the president on matters regarding the organization and budgeting of government research programs (in 1948, the Pentagon accounted for over 60% of all research and development expenditures, including grants to universities for defense research). AREA 51 Protecting a secret is as, if not more important than the secret itself and this was never more true of the atomic powered aircraft research that existed at Los Alamos and Area 51 at the Nevada atomic proving ground. In 1950, defense spending mushroomed to an annual 50 billion dollar budget. The CIA Act of 1949 gave greater significance to black budget spending and program management protecting covert technology projects. As with the Manhattan Project, carefully selected sites in remote and unpopulated areas in the Nevada desert were chosen to conduct advanced research and development of America s best kept secret. Unconventional sky platforms. Accordingly, the CIA Act of 1949 engendered the maximum security placed on any department of the

9 9 government that included housing, commerce, construction, transportation, et. al. could transfer funds for CIA covert operations without regard to any provision of law. In the summer of 1952, DCI Walter B. Smith sent a memorandum to the Director, Psychological Strategy Board outlining the CIA s proposal to the NSC concerning problems related to UFO program management indicating that there were clear implications for psychological warfare and a much needed charter for intelligence and operations in which Smith desired discussions along these lines for the utilization of these phenomenon for psychological warfare purposes. In tab (a) Smith drafted the CIA program proposal to the NSC Executive Secretary concerning the current situation regarding press coverage of UFO sightings from domestic and foreign sources so far analyzed by the Office of Scientific Intelligence and Weapons Evaluation Department. Given the fact that CIA analysts had ruled out 80% as prosaic or man made, Smith was concerned with the remaining 20% which might compromise classified defense projects requested a much broader, coordinated effort to shore up the Air Forces UFO project and add a higher degree of confidence within the CIA that present efforts were not going to be derailed. Smith strongly recommended that the CIA and agencies of the Department of Defense be directed to formulate and carry out a program of intelligence and research necessary to solve the problem of instant positive identification of UFO sightings. In tab (b) Smith drafted what the CIA UFO project required in the form of assistance and cooperation to make the agency s program of intelligence and research doable: 1. The Director of Central Intelligence shall formulate and carry out a program of intelligence and research activities as required to solve the problem of instant positive identification of unidentified flying objects. 2. Upon call of the Director of Central Intelligence, Government departments and agencies shall provide assistance in this program of intelligence and research to the extent of their capacity provided, however, that the DCI shall avoid duplication of activities toward the solution of this problem. 3. This effort shall be coordinated with the military services and the Research and Development Board of the Department of Defense, with the Psychological Strategy Board and other Government agencies as appropriate. 4. The Director of Central Intelligence shall disseminate information concerning the program of intelligence and research activities in this field to the various departments and agencies which have authorized interest therein. The NSC 68 estimate suggested that the Soviets were throwing large amounts of precious resources into armaments of all kinds and supported Smith s outlook on the possibility of total war and annihilation unless the U.S. gained the high ground in technological developments. Thus, a need for another Manhattan

10 10 Project was endorsed by President Eisenhower and immediate steps were taken to locate and build a research center in the Nevada desert. This site was located just outside of Nellis AFB. The CIA and Lockheed, its primary contractor began occupying various sites controlled by the Atomic Energy Commission known as Groom Lake for black projects such as ANGEL, AQUITONE, OXCART, LOOKING GLASS, and a host of others. Other sites were later constructed at Papoose Lake, Tonopah Test Range, Indian Springs, and annex sites in New Mexico, California, Arizona, and Texas to facilitate other agencies involved in the program. To insure the security of the program carried out at these sites, an elaborate camouflage operation was conducted by the CIA and the Air Force known to all researchers as Project BLUE BOOK. Initiated by Major General Charles P. Cabell USAF, Director of Air Force Intelligence, Project BLUE BOOK (the successor to GRUDGE) began in the spring of 1952 for the sole purpose of collecting information from all sources including the public and forwarding it to the DCI for further evaluation as specified in Smith s 1952 NSC draft memorandum. In April 1953, Cabell was sworn in as Deputy Director of Central Intelligence by President Eisenhower shortly after Major Edward Ruppelt left the project. Cabell was appraised of the CIA s January 1953 assessment in which H.P. Robertson, Director of the Weapons Systems Evaluation Group presided over concurred with GRUDGE recommendations to strip the Unidentified Flying Objects of special status and institute policies on intelligence by an integrated program to train personnel to recognize and reject false indications and strengthen regular channels for the evaluation of and prompt reaction to true indications of hostile measures. I find it interesting that the alleged Top Secret Special Operations Manual dated April 1954 defined the reason for deception and camouflage of the CIA s UFO intelligence and research activities by stating that the greatest threat to secrecy was the acquisition and study of such advanced technology by foreign powers unfriendly to the United States. This concern is echoed in a 1952 briefing given to Air Defense Command units of the classified activities of the Air Technical Intelligence Center is not to investigate flying saucer reports, it is charged with prevention of technological surprise by a foreign country. The manual also relates how the camouflage operated by imposing a total press blackout and issuing cover stories prefaced by official denials. This is quite similar to past modus operandi employed by military and CIA covert operations and PSYOP policies of psychological warfare. This could have been the same policy for the Air Force s Project SILVER BUG, a jet powered flying saucer test bed aircraft development for vertical takeoff and landing fighters and bombers. It is also the same year that a case study in psychological warfare manual was published for the Department of the Army titled A Psychological Warfare Casebook, Technical

11 11 Memorandum ORO-T-360 and revised in1956 and 1958 under contract with Operations Research Office, Johns Hopkins University. By January 1955, the CIA and the Air Force had launched various weapons and systems projects under the cloak of the highest national security umbrella for remote guided weapons, uninhabited aerial vehicles (UAV s), high altitude reconnaissance aircraft and advanced material production for space weapons applications. General Cabell mentioned the difficult task of UFO intelligence and research experienced by the Air Force and CIA in his memoirs and made a provocative statement regarding the results of BLUE BOOK when he wrote that it [must] be remembered that it was not until December 1969 that the Air Force felt justified in ruling out any substance of a harmful nature in the mass of reports about Flying Saucers or Unidentified Flying Objects and that it took all those years, the efforts of several boards of very learned men, and above all, the sophisticated knowledge that came from our space program, including a successful landing on the moon, to give this confidence. This confidence did not extend to the CIA for their analysts were not convinced that all UFO sightings were associated with the things GRUDGE and BLUE BOOK identified as mentioned in a 1 August, 1952 memorandum from the Weapons and Equipment Division to the Deputy Assistant Director of Scientific Intelligence that recommended that CIA surveillance of subject matter, in coordination with proper authorities of primary operational concern at ATIC, be continued and that no indication of CIA interest or concern reach the press. This fact was not known until 1978 when the CIA was compelled by court order to search for UFO documents and declassified and released them in 1980 to the public through the Freedom of Information Act. I find it very curious that the Air Force released a fact sheet along with newly declassified CIA UFO files to me on September 23, 1998 in which (as they have always done) state that BLUE BOOK was discontinued (the public experiment) on December 17, 1969, in which 701 sightings remained unidentified and based on the University of Colorado report Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects as a Air Force experience from Project SIGN, GRUDGE, and BLUE BOOK (USAF Fact Sheet 95 03). An even more curious fact is found in the fact sheet that suggests a continuing surveillance by the Air Force that nothing has occurred that would support a resumption of UFO investigations. Given the current environment of steadily decreasing defense budgets, it is unlikely the Air Force would become involved in such a costly project in the foreseeable future. This may not be so, for CIA and NSA UFO files of the 70 s through the 90 s have Air Force activities on their distribution lists. I believe Air Force Intelligence still maintains a world wide reporting system and continues to make interceptions of unidentified flying objects as stated in a September 24, 1952 CIA memorandum from H. Marshall

12 12 Chadwell, Assistant Director for Scientific Intelligence to DCI Walter B. Smith that whether or not these sightings: (1) could be controlled; (2) could be predicted; and (3) could be used from a psychological warfare point of view, either offensively or defensively. I also believe the same policy of what should be told the public for the same reasons Chadwell demonstrated over 50 years ago a community wide coordinated effort continues to operate. I can only conclude at this point that whatever work is going on at Area 51 and annex sites that warrants the use of deadly force on deliberate or accidental intruders on the ground or in the air, the tales coming from insiders and much speculation on just what deserves such extreme protection was out of public view for nearly 40 years. THE MAJESTIC TWELVE DOCUMENTS AUTHENTIC OR DISINFORMATION? In this final segment of my synopsis, I would like to draw your attention to some little known and misunderstood facts that surfaced in my year long review of the questionable documents as a whole. First, I would like to make on point very clear, and that is; they do not presume to be designed to mislead ufologists into accepting what some experts believe are bad history or poorly done reporting of facts. To those who have taken the time to carefully research the data, they have yielded unexpected surprises which has opened up new pathways to other documents that would have otherwise not been located in official archives. That s important and essential to understanding the design and intent of the writer(s) who were responsible for their creation. The main objection, which has been put forward by so many researchers is that they reflect information that, so far as I know, seem out of place and do not fit into conventional Department of Defense classification of the period. This is a valid objection. Another is they are not (with exception of a few documents) virgin material. That is, they are not original documents and lack proper control and registry security numbers and cover sheets for document management by custodians of classified information. And finally, but most importantly, they do not entirely fit in with official UFO history. One could argue that a extraterrestrial spacecraft could have crashed in the remote New Mexican desert 53 years ago, the military recovered it and the President ordered everyone involved to keep his mouth shut about it. This is all quite plausible. The other side to this, that is, keeping this fact secret by so many for so long without a trace of connected physical evidence or some kind of official paper trail strains one s credibility. How could such a broad and sweeping intelligence and research operation involving possibly tens of thousands of military and civilian personnel funded by a budget larger than the Manhattan project under the most extreme security precautions escape the notice of just

13 13 about everyone in the federal government? For that I have no answer to. It is a fact that the military, the CIA, NSA, NRO, FBI, DIA, NASA, and just about every other alphabet agency in the U.S. intelligence community can and has kept secrets from us for as long as it remains a secret and will employ any means to keep it secret. We have history on our side to prove it. The United States Government has over 200 years of experience in running statecraft secrecy and has the bureaucracy and resources to bury information it does not want the public to know. The government, by its own mass and structure, can also be a castle with many rooms and secret closets whose existence is not known by even the servants. Only those who possess the keys can unlock these hidden doors of secrets. I believe, in this case, the Majestic documents are a kind of key or cipher to a much larger information code to a much larger, but darker secret about American history of which we are only beginning to learn about. We still don t know why U.S. intelligence allowed the attack by the Japanese on Pearl Harbor or if President Roosevelt knew of the attack in advance. We still don t know why President Kennedy was shot to death in broad daylight in front of so many witnesses who saw more than three snipers shoot from three different locations and the president s body was altered and the autopsy changed to make it look like the work of one gunman. We can speculate and theorize for another 50 years on this issue, but until the agencies responsible see it in their best interest to release this information, we can only piece together unconnected facts and second hand testimony in a chance reconstruction of what we think might have happened. In my own humble opinion, the Majestic documents are basically reliable as far as content is concerned with the exception of questionable hypothesis that there are other intelligent, thinking, machine building cultures visiting planet earth on a regular, day to day basis. The documents may be a product of either U.S. or Soviet disinformation whose target may be the defense establishments and the economic machinery of war making. They may be a product of the art of psychological warfare whose purpose is to throw doubt and suspicion among an enemy causing him to divert his defenses in a direction of attack that never came. It may be the work of a lonely, disgruntled, and frustrated ufologist who desperately wanted to project his own personal belief in aliens from another world on the rest of us for reasons not apparent. Or they could be real. One theory that has been advanced over the last few years is that the Majestic documents were written by a remorseful but clever intelligence professional wishing to expose a cover up by the intelligence community for personal reasons. Given the psychology of UFO researchers and their propensity to dig for facts, the perpetrator may have understood this and injected truth with falsehoods as a test of will and determination on the researcher s part to get to the truth. Or the whole thing is just a hoax by someone who enjoys seeing the UFO community upset and split apart by personal differences and wants a good

14 14 laugh on everyone. So far, this scenario has not surfaced which is surprising to say the least. There is one document that does not connect to any MJ-12 organization nor pretends to project fantasy is the Einstein/Oppenheimer opinion draft of June I have spent considerable time and research on both scientists and their backgrounds and personal lives that leads me to believe the document to be reflective of the time and paranoia that really existed among military intelligence. The style, choice of words, reflection of the inner man thoughts on scientific probability and the realization of the terrible consequences of nuclear annihilation are consistent with both Einstein and Oppenheimer views of the time. Both were instrumental in the development of atomic weapons. Both entertained personal beliefs that mankind is not unique in the universe. And both, irrespective of what you may believe were secretly involved in extending the physics of atomic energy to a new level of understanding through peaceful applications of the atomic structure of the single unifying force that drives the physical universe. It may be only coincidence but both men saw their careers cut short within one year of each other. Oppenheimer in 1954 by the AEC and Einstein s death in Both had security dossiers in the Army, FBI, AEC, and CIA. Both were considered high security risks in the Manhattan project and were labeled communists by the government. Most importantly, both were visionaries in their fields (Einstein was selected as Time magazine Man of the Century and the development of the atomic bomb as the most significant bench mark of human achievements in science). As to the rest of the documents, I can only conclude based on what I have studied in the last year are likely to be, as I have already pointed out, accurate in a historical context and possibly reflect the politics and statecraft of the times. RECOMMENDATIONS Authenticating any Majestic document may be improbable in the present environment and could take many years of painstaking research and analysis which, in either case would be a costly and controversial undertaking. As an alternative to a long drawn out process of elimination, I recommend that the psychological warfare theory be considered along with research directed in the field of nuclear powered aircraft and missile development as possible approaches in solving the implications made in the documents. I also recommend that further FOIA requests be directed at the CIA s AEC intelligence files of the 1950 s and 60 s as possible confirmation for MAJIC security classification. Background research on individuals mentioned would also yield more information and associations with classified defense projects connected to

15 15 known black programs of the CIA and NRO. I would also suggest that a reexamination of released UFO documents including Project BLUE BOOK as a least expensive approach to making connections to the CIA and possibly proving that a formal UFO intelligence and research program did exist and thereby establishing factual evidence for a Majestic like operation. A reexamination of the AEC s Manhattan Project files from NARA would provide the best model in which to construct a workable hypothesis for understanding the security structure for the claims made in the documents which may lead to further documents. As a way of verification of Operation Paperclip involvement a FOIA request to the CIA would be in order, at least to confirm which German scientist was employed to work in classified AEC, CIA, and USAF research projects.

16 ORDER FORM Majic Eyes Only: Earth s Encounters with ET Technology (320pgs-hardback) ($30)... QTY $ DVD of The Secret as Seen on Sci-Fi Channel ($18)... QTY $ Majestic Documents Book (190 pages) ($18)... QTY $ CD The Secret Authenticity of MJ Documents ($5)... QTY $ SOM1-01-ET Technology Recovery and Disposal ($5)... QTY $ 1st Annual Conference Proceedings (227pages) ($35)... QTY $ CD Audio Set of 1st UFO Crash Retrieval Conf ($160)... QTY $ 2nd Annual Conference Proceedings (251 pages) ($35)... QTY $ DVD Set of 2nd UFO Crash Retrieval Conf ($240)... QTY $ Individual DVD s of 2nd Crash Con Speakers ($20) Nick Redfern Crashed UFOs Worldwide History... QTY $ Jim Marrs The Very First UFO Crash Retrieval 1896?... QTY $ Don Ledger Shag Harbor Incident... QTY $ Peter Robbins Brentwaters/ Woodbridge... QTY $ Linda Moulton Howe US Policy of Denial In the Interest of National Security... QTY $ Grant Cameron The Presidents Hard Evidence (both parts)... QTY $ Stephen Bassett A Message to President Elect Truth Retrieval... QTY $ Dr. Robert Wood Correlating Leonard Stringfield s Crash Reports... QTY $ Paul Davids The Road to Roswell Undisputed facts and Factual Disputes... QTY $ Dr. David Pace Inside the USSR Majestic 12 Program... QTY $ Ryan Wood - Murder and Majestic 12 Investigation of UFO Related Deaths... QTY $ Various Presenters: three 30 minute contributed talks: Paul Kimball: Crash at Aztec; Chuck Wade: Debris from Plains UFO crash; Ron Regehr: Ramey Office photographs... QTY $ 3rd Annual Conference Proceedings (200 pages) ($35)... QTY $ DVD Set of 3rd UFO Crash Retrieval Conf ($240/set)... QTY $ Individual DVD s of 3rd Crash Con Speakers ($20/each) Dr. Robert Wood- Examination of Reverse Engineering Claims... QTY $ Dr. Tom Valone UFO Energy & Antigravity Systems... QTY $ Speaker Panel Moderated by Stephen Bassett... QTY $ Dr. Roger Leir The Varginha Brazil UFO crash... QTY $ Linda Moulton Howe 1953, DRES, Millard County, UT Crash... QTY $ Nick Redfern Big Thicket, TX Crash & 1953 Kingman AZ crash... QTY $ Richard Dolan Sociological & Political Implications of Disclosure... QTY $ Chuck Zukowski, Debbie Ziegelmeyer Roswell Archeological Dig Results... QTY $ Reme Baca San Antonio, NM 1945 UFO Crash... QTY $ Jim Marrs Keynote Will Rocket Engines Go The Way Of The Dodos?... QTY $ Ryan Wood New Book Majic Eyes Only... QTY $ Peter Robbins Orgone Energy & Wilhelm Reich & UFOs... QTY $ Dr. Roger Leir Analysis of Metal Fragments from UFO... QTY $ Bill Hamilton The Case for Reverse Engineering... QTY $ Ken Storch Arizona 1998 Landed UFO, Military & Murder... QTY $ Individual DVD s of 4th Crash Con Speakers ($20/each) Stanton Friedman - The UFO Why Questions... QTY $ Dr. Michael Salla The Covert World of UFO Crash Retrievals... QTY $ Richard Dolan UFO Crash Retrievals: Leaks and Secrecy... QTY $ Paul Schatzkin Defying Gravity: Material on T. Townsend Brown... QTY $ Ryan Wood The Devils Hole UFO Crash Retrieval... QTY $ Peter Merlin How the Government Responds to Top Secret Crashes... QTY $ Michael Lindemann Scenarios of Contact... QTY $ George Knapp TV Journalist Perspective on Ufology... QTY $ Robert M. Wood, Ph.D. Alien Viruses and Leaked Documents... QTY $ Nick Redfern Crashed UFO s and Bio-Warfare... QTY $ Frank Feshino The Braxton County Monster... QTY $ Linda Moulton Howe Military Voices: Firsthand Testimonies... QTY $ Dr. Bruce Maccabee December 6, 1950 UFO Crash Retrieval... QTY $ Matthew E. Thuney The Lummi Island Incident... QTY $ 1st Annual UFO Crash Retrieval Conference Audio Tape Set (2003) ($160)... QTY $ Shipping and Handling ($8.00)... $ Total Paid... Please Print and Send Check, Money Order or Credit Card Info Name: Address: City: State: Zip: Phone: Work Home Fax: (Circle) Visa/MasterCard Number: Expires: / Security Code on back of card Signature: 11

CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS VALIDATE MILITARY AND PRESIDENTIAL INVOLVEMENT WITH UFOs

CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS VALIDATE MILITARY AND PRESIDENTIAL INVOLVEMENT WITH UFOs FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS VALIDATE MILITARY AND PRESIDENTIAL INVOLVEMENT WITH UFOs REDWOOD CITY, California, September 10, 2001 The Majestic documents investigation team has just released

More information

MJ12: The FBI Connection Nick Redfern

MJ12: The FBI Connection Nick Redfern MJ12: The FBI Connection Nick Redfern The purpose of this report is to relate the way in which the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) became involved in the investigation of the Majestic 12 documents

More information

FROM: National Security Council TOP SECRET - EYES ONLY

FROM: National Security Council TOP SECRET - EYES ONLY FROM: National Security Council TOP SECRET - EYES ONLY CODENAME: Altair SUBJECT: CONSPIRACY PROJECT FILE: #01 - Majestic 12 AGENCY: NSA CLEARANCE LEVEL: MAJIC-12 TOP SECRET Majic Eyes Only WARNING! This

More information

PROJECT 1947 REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR OF INTELLIGENCE, USAF. to the JOINT INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE UNIDENTIFIED AERIAL OBJECTS THE PROBLEM

PROJECT 1947 REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR OF INTELLIGENCE, USAF. to the JOINT INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE UNIDENTIFIED AERIAL OBJECTS THE PROBLEM PROJECT 1947 COPY NO. 5 J.I.C. REPORT BY THE DIRECTOR OF INTELLIGENCE, USAF to the JOINT INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE on UNIDENTIFIED AERIAL OBJECTS THE PROBLEM 22nd of December 1947, in a memorandum, "Analysis

More information

U.S. Government Collecting and Interpreting Intelligence, Conducting Covert Action and Counterintelligence

U.S. Government Collecting and Interpreting Intelligence, Conducting Covert Action and Counterintelligence It is the responsibility of the federal government to protect its citizens and interests. Good intelligence, or information, about threats to our national security whether from within our country or from

More information

EXECUTIVE ORDER 12333: UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES

EXECUTIVE ORDER 12333: UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES EXECUTIVE ORDER 12333: UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES (Federal Register Vol. 40, No. 235 (December 8, 1981), amended by EO 13284 (2003), EO 13355 (2004), and EO 13470 (2008)) PREAMBLE Timely, accurate,

More information

Guided Notes. Chapter 21; the Cold War Begins. Section 1:

Guided Notes. Chapter 21; the Cold War Begins. Section 1: Guided Notes Chapter 21; the Cold War Begins Section 1: A Clash of Interests (pages 654 655) A. After War, the United and the Union became, leading to an of and that from about to known as the. B. were

More information

SSUSH20 The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the United States.

SSUSH20 The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the United States. SSUSH20 The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the United States. The Cold War The Cold War (1947-1991) was the era of confrontation and competition beginning

More information

SEEKING A RESPONSIVE NUCLEAR WEAPONS INFRASTRUCTURE AND STOCKPILE TRANSFORMATION. John R. Harvey National Nuclear Security Administration

SEEKING A RESPONSIVE NUCLEAR WEAPONS INFRASTRUCTURE AND STOCKPILE TRANSFORMATION. John R. Harvey National Nuclear Security Administration SEEKING A RESPONSIVE NUCLEAR WEAPONS INFRASTRUCTURE AND STOCKPILE TRANSFORMATION John R. Harvey National Nuclear Security Administration Presented to the National Academy of Sciences Symposium on: Post-Cold

More information

A Global History of the Nuclear Arms Race

A Global History of the Nuclear Arms Race SUB Hamburg A/602564 A Global History of the Nuclear Arms Race Weapons, Strategy, and Politics Volume 1 RICHARD DEAN BURNS AND JOSEPH M. SIRACUSA Praeger Security International Q PRAEGER AN IMPRINT OF

More information

The Cold War Begins. Chapter 16 &18 (old) Focus Question: How did U.S. leaders respond to the threat of Soviet expansion in Europe?

The Cold War Begins. Chapter 16 &18 (old) Focus Question: How did U.S. leaders respond to the threat of Soviet expansion in Europe? The Cold War Begins Chapter 16 &18 (old) Focus Question: How did U.S. leaders respond to the threat of Soviet expansion in Europe? 1 Post WW II Europe Divided 2 Section 1 Notes: Stalin does not allow free

More information

The Korean War: Conflict and Compromise

The Korean War: Conflict and Compromise The Korean War: Conflict and Compromise Adam Polak Junior Division Research Paper 1,551 Words Have you ever wondered why the Korean War started? Or why the United States thought it was worth it to defend

More information

University of Pittsburgh

University of Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health Center for Bio- Terrorism Response 130 DeSoto Street Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 1526 412-383-7985/7475 31 October 2000 The Honorable James S. Gilmore

More information

SERIES 1300 DIRECTOR, DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING (DDR&E) DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING (NC )

SERIES 1300 DIRECTOR, DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING (DDR&E) DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING (NC ) SERIES 1300 DIRECTOR, DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING (DDR&E) 1300. DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING (NC1-330-77-15) These files relate to research and engineering (R&E) and pertain to: Scientific and

More information

Department of Defense DIRECTIVE

Department of Defense DIRECTIVE Department of Defense DIRECTIVE NUMBER 5240.02 March 17, 2015 USD(I) SUBJECT: Counterintelligence (CI) References: See Enclosure 1 1. PURPOSE. This directive: a. Reissues DoD Directive (DoDD) O-5240.02

More information

Work Period: WW II European Front Notes Video Clip WW II Pacific Front Notes Video Clip. Closing: Quiz

Work Period: WW II European Front Notes Video Clip WW II Pacific Front Notes Video Clip. Closing: Quiz Standard 7.0 Demonstrate an understanding of the impact of World War II on the US and the nation s subsequent role in the world. Opening: Pages 249-250 and 253-254 in your Reading Study Guide. Work Period:

More information

Postwar America ( ) Lesson 3 The Cold War Intensifies

Postwar America ( ) Lesson 3 The Cold War Intensifies Postwar America (1945-1960) Lesson 3 The Cold War Intensifies Postwar America (1945-1960) Lesson 3 The Cold War Intensifies Learning Objectives Describe how Cold War tensions were intensified by the arms

More information

Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. July 3, 2018

Senate Select Committee on Intelligence. July 3, 2018 Senate Select Committee on Intelligence July 3, 2018 The Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI) is conducting a bipartisan investigation into a wide range of Russian activities relating to the

More information

GAO ECONOMIC ESPIONAGE. Information on Threat From U.S. Allies. Testimony Before the Select Committee on Intelligence United States Senate.

GAO ECONOMIC ESPIONAGE. Information on Threat From U.S. Allies. Testimony Before the Select Committee on Intelligence United States Senate. GAO United States General Accounting Office Testimony Before the Select Committee on Intelligence United States Senate For Release on Delivery Expected at 10:30 a.m., EST Wednesday, February 28, 1996 ECONOMIC

More information

I. The Pacific Front Introduction Read the following introductory passage and answer the questions that follow.

I. The Pacific Front Introduction Read the following introductory passage and answer the questions that follow. I. The Pacific Front Introduction Read the following introductory passage and answer the questions that follow. The United States entered World War II after the attack at Pearl Harbor. There were two theaters

More information

Describe the picture. Who is responsible for the creation of the Iron Curtain? Which superpower s perspective is this cartoon from?

Describe the picture. Who is responsible for the creation of the Iron Curtain? Which superpower s perspective is this cartoon from? Describe the picture. Who is responsible for the creation of the Iron Curtain? Which superpower s perspective is this cartoon from? Write and respond to the following questions in complete sentences. What

More information

Military Radar Applications

Military Radar Applications Military Radar Applications The Concept of the Operational Military Radar The need arises during the times of the hostilities on the tactical, operational and strategic levels. General importance defensive

More information

Foreign Policy and National Defense. Chapter 22

Foreign Policy and National Defense. Chapter 22 Foreign Policy and National Defense Chapter 22 Historical Perspective 1 st 150 years of U.S. existence Emphasis on Domestic Affairs vs. Foreign Affairs Foreign Policy The strategies and goals that guide

More information

Containment. Brinkmanship. Detente. Glasnost. Revolution. Event Year Policy HoW/Why? Name

Containment. Brinkmanship. Detente. Glasnost. Revolution. Event Year Policy HoW/Why? Name Brinkmanship Containment Name Event Year Policy HoW/Why? Detente Glasnost Revolution Cuban Missile Crisis In October of 1962 the Soviet Union deployed nuclear missiles in Cuba. The United States blockaded

More information

Director, Intelligence and Security Research Center George Mason University

Director, Intelligence and Security Research Center George Mason University Maj Gen (Ret) Robert H. Latiff, USAF Director, Intelligence and Security Research Center George Mason University Introduction and Personal History Work I ve Done and How It Related Research and Development

More information

World History

World History 4.2.1 TERMS (k) Uniting for Peace Resolution: U.N. resolution that gave the General Assembly power to deal with issues of international aggression if the Security Council is deadlocked. Veto: The right

More information

CWA 2.5 The President s Daily Bulletin (Nuclear Arms Race) Timeline

CWA 2.5 The President s Daily Bulletin (Nuclear Arms Race) Timeline Timeline 1942 US begins work on the Manhattan Project, a research and development effort that produced the first atomic bombs. As the project moves forward, Soviet spies secretly report on its developments

More information

U.S. Is Drawn Into the War

U.S. Is Drawn Into the War U.S. Is Drawn Into the War 1. What was the intent of the Japanese when they attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941? They want to destroy the American Navy. vs. Aerial Photo of Pearl Harbor Japanese

More information

Chapter Nineteen Reading Guide American Foreign & Defense Policy. Answer each question as completely as possible and in blue or black ink only

Chapter Nineteen Reading Guide American Foreign & Defense Policy. Answer each question as completely as possible and in blue or black ink only Chapter Nineteen Reading Guide American Foreign & Defense Policy Answer each question as completely as possible and in blue or black ink only 1. What are the roots of U.S. Foreign and Defense Policy? 1.

More information

Planning Terrorism Counteraction ANTITERRORISM

Planning Terrorism Counteraction ANTITERRORISM CHAPTER 18 Planning Terrorism Counteraction At Army installations worldwide, terrorism counteraction is being planned, practiced, assessed, updated, and carried out. Ideally, the total Army community helps

More information

The Intelligence Function. Issues in Crime and Justice CJ 4610 PA 5315 Professor James J. Drylie Week 3

The Intelligence Function. Issues in Crime and Justice CJ 4610 PA 5315 Professor James J. Drylie Week 3 The Intelligence Function Issues in Crime and Justice CJ 4610 PA 5315 Professor James J. Drylie Week 3 The Evolution of US Intelligence The function of intelligence in the United States is often regarded

More information

Please note: Each segment in this Webisode has its own Teaching Guide

Please note: Each segment in this Webisode has its own Teaching Guide Please note: Each segment in this Webisode has its own Teaching Guide Fidel Castro s takeover of Cuba in 1959 installed a Soviet-backed communist regime ninety miles off the coast of Florida. Many Cubans

More information

MAINTAINING GLOBAL VIGILANCE

MAINTAINING GLOBAL VIGILANCE SU PR A E T ULTR A MAINTAINING GLOBAL The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) is a joint Department of Defense (DoD)-Intelligence Community (IC) organization responsible for developing, launching, and

More information

How did the way Truman handled the Korean War affect the powers of the presidency? What were some of the long-term effects of the Korean war?

How did the way Truman handled the Korean War affect the powers of the presidency? What were some of the long-term effects of the Korean war? How did the way Truman handled the Korean War affect the powers of the presidency? What were some of the long-term effects of the Korean war? Objectives Describe the causes and results of the arms race

More information

provocation of North Korea

provocation of North Korea provocation of North Korea History Final project Jaehun.Jeong Title : Provocation of North Korea : Korean war, Nuclear threat, Missile threat, recent happening in South Korea North Korea regime has been

More information

Introduction to Homeland Security. The Intelligence Community (IC) Director of National Intelligence (DNI) National Intelligence Coord.

Introduction to Homeland Security. The Intelligence Community (IC) Director of National Intelligence (DNI) National Intelligence Coord. Introduction to Homeland Security Chapter 5 Safety & Security: The Intelligence Community The Intelligence Community (IC) Director of National Intelligence (DNI) DDNI National Intelligence Coord. Center

More information

Foundation for the Future

Foundation for the Future A National Reconnaissance Pocket History: Foundation for the Future Winston Churchill famously described the descension of the iron curtain across Europe as the Soviet Union isolating itself from most

More information

AIM: Explain the Korean War. Who/what/where/when/why

AIM: Explain the Korean War. Who/what/where/when/why Cold War The Korean War 1950-1953 AIM: Explain the Korean War Who/what/where/when/why Communism takes over China 1949 Communists defeated anticommunists nationalists in a civil war in China Mao Zedong

More information

SSUSH23 Assess the political, economic, and technological changes during the Reagan, George H.W. Bush, Clinton, George W.

SSUSH23 Assess the political, economic, and technological changes during the Reagan, George H.W. Bush, Clinton, George W. SSUSH23 Assess the political, economic, and technological changes during the Reagan, George H.W. Bush, Clinton, George W. Bush, and Obama administrations. a. Analyze challenges faced by recent presidents

More information

Time Teacher Students

Time Teacher Students Cuban Missile Crisis Lesson Plan VITAL INFORMATION Lesson Topic: Cuban Missile Crisis Aim: How did Kennedy respond to the continuing challenges of the Cold War? Objectives: SWBAT 1. Identify the Bay of

More information

Cuban Missile Crisis 13 Days that Changed the almost changed World

Cuban Missile Crisis 13 Days that Changed the almost changed World Cuban Missile Crisis 13 Days that Changed the almost changed World Location Setting the Stage 1. The Truman Doctrine 2. The Marshall Plan 3. Containment 4. The Domino Theory 5. The Berlin Blockade 6. The

More information

Why Japan Should Support No First Use

Why Japan Should Support No First Use Why Japan Should Support No First Use Last year, the New York Times and the Washington Post reported that President Obama was considering ruling out the first-use of nuclear weapons, as one of several

More information

Notice of HIPAA Privacy Practices Updates

Notice of HIPAA Privacy Practices Updates Notice of HIPAA Privacy Practices Updates The following is a summary of the updates to the privacy notice for Meridian Hospitals Corporation, Meridian Home Care Services, Inc., Meridian Nursing & Rehabilitation,

More information

Statement by. Brigadier General Otis G. Mannon (USAF) Deputy Director, Special Operations, J-3. Joint Staff. Before the 109 th Congress

Statement by. Brigadier General Otis G. Mannon (USAF) Deputy Director, Special Operations, J-3. Joint Staff. Before the 109 th Congress Statement by Brigadier General Otis G. Mannon (USAF) Deputy Director, Special Operations, J-3 Joint Staff Before the 109 th Congress Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on Terrorism, Unconventional

More information

AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE AIR UNIVERSITY UNDERSTANDING THE UNIQUE CHALLENGES OF THE CYBER DOMAIN. Kenneth J. Miller, Major, USAF

AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE AIR UNIVERSITY UNDERSTANDING THE UNIQUE CHALLENGES OF THE CYBER DOMAIN. Kenneth J. Miller, Major, USAF AU/ACSC/MILLER/AY10 AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE AIR UNIVERSITY UNDERSTANDING THE UNIQUE CHALLENGES OF THE CYBER DOMAIN by Kenneth J. Miller, Major, USAF A Short Research Paper Submitted to the Faculty

More information

Innovation in Military Organizations Fall 2005

Innovation in Military Organizations Fall 2005 MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 17.462 Innovation in Military Organizations Fall 2005 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. 17.462 Military

More information

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION NOVEMBER 2017 HISTORY: PAPER II SOURCE MATERIAL BOOKLET FOR SECTION B AND SECTION C

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION NOVEMBER 2017 HISTORY: PAPER II SOURCE MATERIAL BOOKLET FOR SECTION B AND SECTION C NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION NOVEMBER 2017 HISTORY: PAPER II SOURCE MATERIAL BOOKLET FOR SECTION B AND SECTION C PLEASE TURN OVER Page ii of vi SOURCE A This is a photograph of Soviet Premier

More information

The Decision to Drop The Bomb

The Decision to Drop The Bomb Stark County Teaching American History Grant Stark County Educational Service Center 2100 38th Street NW Canton, Ohio 44709 The Decision to Drop The Bomb Grade Level: 9-10 (U.S. History) Created By: Ryan

More information

During the Cold War, the USA & USSR were rival superpowers who competed to spread their ideology

During the Cold War, the USA & USSR were rival superpowers who competed to spread their ideology Eisenhower Years During the Cold War, the USA & USSR were rival superpowers who competed to spread their ideology From 1945 to 1949, President Truman used containment to successfully stop the spread of

More information

Foreign Policy and National Defense. Chapter 22

Foreign Policy and National Defense. Chapter 22 Foreign Policy and National Defense Chapter 22 Historical Perspective 1 st 150 years of U.S. existence Emphasis on Domestic Affairs vs. Foreign Affairs Foreign Policy The strategies and goals that guide

More information

Name Class Date. Postwar America Section 1

Name Class Date. Postwar America Section 1 Name Class Date Section 1 MAIN IDEA The presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower was shaped in large part by the Cold War and related conflicts. Key Terms and People Richard M. Nixon vice president under President

More information

Essential Question: What caused an Arms Race to develop between the US and USSR? How did space exploration factor into the Arms Race?

Essential Question: What caused an Arms Race to develop between the US and USSR? How did space exploration factor into the Arms Race? Essential Question: What caused an Arms Race to develop between the US and USSR? How did space exploration factor into the Arms Race? During the Cold War, the USA & USSR were rival superpowers who competed

More information

FREEDOM AND DIGNITY PROJECT Learning Experience Module Shaun Boyce and Muriel Gaw

FREEDOM AND DIGNITY PROJECT Learning Experience Module Shaun Boyce and Muriel Gaw FREEDOM AND DIGNITY PROJECT Learning Experience Module Shaun Boyce and Muriel Gaw Topic : Analysis of the Manhattan Project Grade Level : 11 th Grade United States History and Government Historical Context:

More information

Explore the private attitude of President Truman regarding the atomic bomb.

Explore the private attitude of President Truman regarding the atomic bomb. Explore the private attitude of President Truman regarding the atomic bomb. Maggie Congleton (11/14/11) In terms of attitude, an examination on the effect of the atomic bomb portrays not only a public

More information

Department of Defense INSTRUCTION

Department of Defense INSTRUCTION Department of Defense INSTRUCTION NUMBER 5240.10 May 18, 1990 Administrative Reissuance Incorporating Change 1, April 8, 1992 SUBJECT: DoD Counterintelligence Support to Unified and Specified Commands

More information

President Kennedy s deadly confrontation with the CIA & MJ-12 over ET/UFO X-Files Part II

President Kennedy s deadly confrontation with the CIA & MJ-12 over ET/UFO X-Files Part II President Kennedy s deadly confrontation with the CIA & MJ-12 over ET/UFO X-Files Part II Michael E. Salla, M.A., Ph.D. Abstract A number of documents and testimonies cast light on President Kennedy s

More information

The Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States regarding the deployment of nuclear

The Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States regarding the deployment of nuclear The Cuban Missile Crisis was a confrontation during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States regarding the deployment of nuclear missiles in Cuba. The missiles had been placed to protect

More information

DEPUTY SECRETARY OF DEFENSE 1010 DEFENSE PENTAGON WASHINGTON, D.C

DEPUTY SECRETARY OF DEFENSE 1010 DEFENSE PENTAGON WASHINGTON, D.C DEPUTY SECRETARY OF DEFENSE 1010 DEFENSE PENTAGON WASHINGTON, D.C. 20301-1010 May 10, 2010 Incorporating Change 1, September 29, 2010 MEMORANDUM FOR SECRETARIES OF THE MILITARY DEPARTMENTS CHAIRMAN OF

More information

U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inspector General Office of Audit Services. Audit Report

U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inspector General Office of Audit Services. Audit Report U.S. Department of Energy Office of Inspector General Office of Audit Services Audit Report The Department's Unclassified Foreign Visits and Assignments Program DOE/IG-0579 December 2002 U. S. DEPARTMENT

More information

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) The realm of policy decisions concerned primarily with relations between the United States

More information

Cold War History on the World Wide Web

Cold War History on the World Wide Web St. Cloud State University therepository at St. Cloud State Library Faculty Publications Library Services 1-2010 Cold War History on the World Wide Web Thomas D. Steman St. Cloud State University, tdsteman@stcloudstate.edu

More information

Eisenhower, McCarthyism, and the Cold War

Eisenhower, McCarthyism, and the Cold War US History Name Date Pd Eisenhower, McCarthyism, and the Cold War I. The Early Years of the Cold War: 1945-1949 A. During the Cold War, the USA & USSR were rival who competed to spread their ideology B.

More information

Disarmament and International Security: Nuclear Non-Proliferation

Disarmament and International Security: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Disarmament and International Security: Nuclear Non-Proliferation JPHMUN 2014 Background Guide Introduction Nuclear weapons are universally accepted as the most devastating weapons in the world (van der

More information

Defense Security Service Intelligence Oversight Awareness Training Course Transcript for CI

Defense Security Service Intelligence Oversight Awareness Training Course Transcript for CI Welcome In a 2013 testimony to congress on Foreign Intelligence Surveillance, the former Director of National Intelligence, LT GEN James Clapper (Ret) spoke about limitations to intelligence activities

More information

Case 1:17-cv APM Document 29 Filed 11/13/17 Page 1 of 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Case 1:17-cv APM Document 29 Filed 11/13/17 Page 1 of 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Case 1:17-cv-00144-APM Document 29 Filed 11/13/17 Page 1 of 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA JAMES MADISON PROJECT, et al., Plaintiffs, v. No. 1:17-cv-00144-APM DEPARTMENT OF

More information

National Security Policy: American National Security Policy 1

National Security Policy: American National Security Policy 1 National Security Policy: 1950-1952 Policy 1 Review: 1945-1949 Dominant Threat Economy National Security Strategy Military demobilization Economic aid to threatened interests Truman Doctrine Political-economic

More information

1

1 Understanding Iran s Nuclear Issue Why has the Security Council ordered Iran to stop enrichment? Because the technology used to enrich uranium to the level needed for nuclear power can also be used to

More information

9/2/2015. The National Security Exemption. Exemption 1. Exemption 1

9/2/2015. The National Security Exemption. Exemption 1. Exemption 1 The National Security Exemption ASAP 2015 FOIA-Privacy Act Training Workshop Threshold language:[records] (A) specifically authorized under criteria established by an Executive order to be kept secret

More information

GAO INDUSTRIAL SECURITY. DOD Cannot Provide Adequate Assurances That Its Oversight Ensures the Protection of Classified Information

GAO INDUSTRIAL SECURITY. DOD Cannot Provide Adequate Assurances That Its Oversight Ensures the Protection of Classified Information GAO United States General Accounting Office Report to the Committee on Armed Services, U.S. Senate March 2004 INDUSTRIAL SECURITY DOD Cannot Provide Adequate Assurances That Its Oversight Ensures the Protection

More information

THE WHITE HOUSE. Office of the Press Secretary. For Immediate Release January 17, January 17, 2014

THE WHITE HOUSE. Office of the Press Secretary. For Immediate Release January 17, January 17, 2014 THE WHITE HOUSE Office of the Press Secretary For Immediate Release January 17, 2014 January 17, 2014 PRESIDENTIAL POLICY DIRECTIVE/PPD-28 SUBJECT: Signals Intelligence Activities The United States, like

More information

DOD Freedom of Information Act Handbook

DOD Freedom of Information Act Handbook Department of Defense DOD Freedom of Information Act Handbook Directorate for Freedom of Information and Security Review A popular Government without popular information or the means of acquiring it, is

More information

STATEMENT OF JAMES R. CLAPPER FORMER DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE BEFORE THE

STATEMENT OF JAMES R. CLAPPER FORMER DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE BEFORE THE STATEMENT OF JAMES R. CLAPPER FORMER DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY SUBCOMMITTEE ON CRIME AND TERRORISM UNITED STATES SENATE CONCERNING RUSSIAN INTERFERENCE IN

More information

Opinion: The Pentagon isn't taking UFOs seriously enough

Opinion: The Pentagon isn't taking UFOs seriously enough Opinion: The Pentagon isn't taking UFOs seriously enough By Christopher Mellon, Washington Post on 03.22.18 Word Count 1,269 Level MAX An F-18 fighter jet captured this infrared video from several miles

More information

CONFERENCE MATERIAL DAY ONE 19TH ANNUAL REVIEW OF THE FIELD OF NATIONAL SECURITY LAW

CONFERENCE MATERIAL DAY ONE 19TH ANNUAL REVIEW OF THE FIELD OF NATIONAL SECURITY LAW 19TH ANNUAL REVIEW OF THE FIELD OF NATIONAL SECURITY LAW CONFERENCE MATERIAL DAY ONE SPONSORED BY: AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION STANDING COMMITTEE ON LAW AND NATIONAL SECURITY CENTER FOR NATIONAL SECURITY

More information

CHAIRMAN OF THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF INSTRUCTION

CHAIRMAN OF THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF INSTRUCTION CHAIRMAN OF THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF INSTRUCTION J3 CJCSI 3121.02 DISTRIBUTION: A, C, S RULES ON THE USE OF FORCE BY DOD PERSONNEL PROVIDING SUPPORT TO LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES CONDUCTING COUNTERDRUG

More information

THE UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEYS

THE UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEYS THE UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEYS (European War) (Pacific War) s )t ~'I EppfPgff R~~aRCH Reprinted by Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama 36112-5532 October 1987 1 FOREWORD This

More information

The US Space Global Warfighting System & Global Network Response. Contents. Huntsville: the Dark Past

The US Space Global Warfighting System & Global Network Response. Contents. Huntsville: the Dark Past The US Space Global Warfighting System & Global Network Response Dave Webb 25th Annual GN Conference & Protest Huntsville, Alabama Contents Huntsville: The Dark Past Flying Monkeys Huntsville: The Dark

More information

Topic Page: Cuban Missile Crisis

Topic Page: Cuban Missile Crisis Topic Page: Cuban Missile Crisis Definition: Cuban missile crisis from The Macquarie Dictionary 1. an international crisis occurring in October 1962, when the US demanded the removal of Soviet rockets

More information

Chapter 2: The Nuclear Age

Chapter 2: The Nuclear Age Chapter 2: The Nuclear Age President Truman and the Bomb Hiroshima August 6, 1945 Nagasaki August 9, 1945 Reasons for the Atomic Bombs Save American Lives End the war with Japan Revenge for Pearl Harbor

More information

When/why was the word teenager invented? a) Have teenagers changed all that much since the word was made? Why or why not?

When/why was the word teenager invented? a) Have teenagers changed all that much since the word was made? Why or why not? The Cold War When/why was the word teenager invented? a) Have teenagers changed all that much since the word was made? Why or why not? Louis St. Laurent Uncle Louis -Trans Canada Highway and Great Lakes,

More information

Summative Assessment for the Announcing World War II Unit

Summative Assessment for the Announcing World War II Unit Summative Assessment for the Announcing World War II Unit Table of Contents Item Page Number Assessment Instructions 2 Summative Assessment for Announcing World War II 3-5 Short Answer Key 6 1 Announcing

More information

Topic Page: Cuban Missile Crisis

Topic Page: Cuban Missile Crisis Topic Page: Cuban Missile Crisis Definition: Cuban missile crisis from The Macquarie Dictionary 1. noun an international crisis occurring in October 1962, when the US demanded the removal of Soviet rockets

More information

John Fitzgerald Kennedy: Foreign Policy. A Strategic Power Point Presentation Brought to You by Mr. Raffel

John Fitzgerald Kennedy: Foreign Policy. A Strategic Power Point Presentation Brought to You by Mr. Raffel John Fitzgerald Kennedy: Foreign Policy A Strategic Power Point Presentation Brought to You by Mr. Raffel A Cold War Inaugural Address Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall

More information

Reducing the waste in nuclear weapons modernization

Reducing the waste in nuclear weapons modernization Reducing the waste in nuclear weapons modernization Frank von Hippel, Program on Science and Global Security and International Panel on Fissile Materials, Princeton University Coalition for Peace Action

More information

the atom against another. To do so now is a political decision of the highest order.

the atom against another. To do so now is a political decision of the highest order. Thomas C. Schelling The most spectacular event of the past half century is one that did not occur. We have enjoyed sixty years without nuclear weapons exploded in anger. What a stunning achievement--or,

More information

WW2 CIOS and BIOS Military Intelligence Reports on German Wartime Technology

WW2 CIOS and BIOS Military Intelligence Reports on German Wartime Technology WW2 CIOS and BIOS Military Intelligence Reports on German Wartime Technology Notes for collectors, archivists, librarians and researchers www.bmcole.co.uk and www.ww2militarydocuments.com Original WW2

More information

However, Diem soon fell out of favor with Kennedy when he began to arrest and even shoot leaders of Vietnam s Buddhist community.

However, Diem soon fell out of favor with Kennedy when he began to arrest and even shoot leaders of Vietnam s Buddhist community. I. The Vietnam Crisis Deepens The Eisenhower administration had supported Ngo Dinh Diem s decision to cancel the unification elections scheduled for 1956 and had begun to send weapons and military advisors

More information

) / E/c % 3 g,3 25X1. Approved For. DIA review() completed. 3 April 1963 MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD SUBJECT:

) / E/c % 3 g,3 25X1. Approved For. DIA review() completed. 3 April 1963 MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD SUBJECT: Approved For E/c % 3 April 1963 ) / MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD SUBJECT: Review of CIA-DIA Relations with Lt. Gen. Joseph Carroll, 1245-1545, 2 April 1963 1. In setting up this luncheon meeting with General

More information

The New Frontier and the Great Society

The New Frontier and the Great Society The New Frontier and the Great Society President John F. Kennedy s efforts to confront the Soviet Union and address social ills are cut short by his assassination. President Lyndon B. Johnson spearheads

More information

9. Guidance to the NATO Military Authorities from the Defence Planning Committee 1967

9. Guidance to the NATO Military Authorities from the Defence Planning Committee 1967 DOCTRINES AND STRATEGIES OF THE ALLIANCE 79 9. Guidance to the NATO Military Authorities from the Defence Planning Committee 1967 GUIDANCE TO THE NATO MILITARY AUTHORITIES In the preparation of force proposals

More information

The 1969 ACDA Study on Warhead Dismantlement Frank von Hippel

The 1969 ACDA Study on Warhead Dismantlement Frank von Hippel OCCASIONAL REPORT The 1969 ACDA Study on Warhead Dismantlement Frank von Hippel In response to a Freedom of Information request, the US Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) has just unearthed from

More information

Statement of Vice Admiral Albert H. Konetzni, Jr. USN (Retired) Before the Projection Forces Subcommittee of the House Armed Services Committee

Statement of Vice Admiral Albert H. Konetzni, Jr. USN (Retired) Before the Projection Forces Subcommittee of the House Armed Services Committee Statement of Vice Admiral Albert H. Konetzni, Jr. USN (Retired) Before the Projection Forces Subcommittee of the House Armed Services Committee Chairman Bartlett and members of the committee, thank you

More information

The Necessity of Human Intelligence in Modern Warfare Bruce Scott Bollinger United States Army Sergeants Major Academy Class # 35 SGM Foreman 31 July

The Necessity of Human Intelligence in Modern Warfare Bruce Scott Bollinger United States Army Sergeants Major Academy Class # 35 SGM Foreman 31 July The Necessity of Human Intelligence in Modern Warfare Bruce Scott Bollinger United States Army Sergeants Major Academy Class # 35 SGM Foreman 31 July 2009 Since the early days of the Revolutionary War,

More information

United States Court of Appeals FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT

United States Court of Appeals FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT United States Court of Appeals FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT Argued November 6, 2015 Decided January 21, 2016 No. 14-5230 JEFFERSON MORLEY, APPELLANT v. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY, APPELLEE Appeal

More information

Issue Briefs. Nuclear Weapons: Less Is More. Nuclear Weapons: Less Is More Published on Arms Control Association (

Issue Briefs. Nuclear Weapons: Less Is More. Nuclear Weapons: Less Is More Published on Arms Control Association ( Issue Briefs Volume 3, Issue 10, July 9, 2012 In the coming weeks, following a long bipartisan tradition, President Barack Obama is expected to take a step away from the nuclear brink by proposing further

More information

By Helen and Mark Warner. Teaching Packs - World War II - Page 1

By Helen and Mark Warner. Teaching Packs - World War II - Page 1 By Helen and Mark Warner Teaching Packs - World War II - Page 1 In this section, you will learn about... 1. When the two World Wars took place. In the 20th century, there were two World Wars. The First

More information

Policies of Richard Nixon to 1974

Policies of Richard Nixon to 1974 Policies of Richard Nixon 1969 to 1974 Richard Nixon Born in Yorba Linda, California Graduated from Duke University School of Law Republican and strong anti-communist Served in the United States Navy during

More information

Attachment I. A Brookhaven National Laboratory Report with Analyses of Suspicious TWA Flight 800 Debris Items

Attachment I. A Brookhaven National Laboratory Report with Analyses of Suspicious TWA Flight 800 Debris Items Attachment I A Brookhaven National Laboratory Report with Analyses of Suspicious TWA Flight 800 Debris Items Note: A summary by the Flight 800 Independent Researchers Organization precedes the Brookhaven

More information

Intelligence Operations (HMSY 1340) Online. Credit: 3 semester credit hours (3 hours lecture)

Intelligence Operations (HMSY 1340) Online. Credit: 3 semester credit hours (3 hours lecture) Operations (HMSY 1340) Online Credit: 3 semester credit hours (3 hours lecture) Prerequisite/Co-requisite: Complete the Online Orientation and answer yes to 7+ questions on the Online Learner Self-Assessment:

More information

June 19, 1953 National Security Council Report, NSC 158, 'United States Objectives and Actions to Exploit the Unrest in the Satellite States'

June 19, 1953 National Security Council Report, NSC 158, 'United States Objectives and Actions to Exploit the Unrest in the Satellite States' Digital Archive International History Declassified digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org June 19, 1953 National Security Council Report, NSC 158, 'United States Objectives and Actions to Exploit the Unrest in

More information