AFCEA. Quantico-Potomac. BGen George J. Allen Director, C4 Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps. 12 Mar 09 1

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1 AFCEA Quantico-Potomac BGen George J. Allen Director, C4 Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps 12 Mar 09 1

2 Evolution of Computing Engineering & Scientific application Business automation Office automation Personal automation 70 s 80 s 90 s 00 s Centrally Managed Resource Resources (Computing/Networks) Specialties Commodities/Utilities Behavior (Skills) Widely Available as A Service BGen s come of age Today s 21-year old comes of age Today (2009) PC Use (millions) estimate United States Worldwide ,07 US population % 63% 80-85% 85% Only suggests per capita growth; not an economic finding 2

3 Transistors per chip 1,000,000, ,000,000 10,000,000 1,000, ,000 Moore s Law Technology Trends: Laws double i286 i386 i486 1,000,000, , Moore s Law ,000,000 1, Year ,000, Transistors per chip 1,000, ,000 10,000 1, i286 i Pentium Pro Pentium i486 Cheaper Pentium Pro Pentium 1286 Faster Cheaper Smaller Faster Cheaper Smaller Lighter Year Less Less Power Memory Faster Memory.first talked about around 1980.dubbed a law 1993 Every eighteen months chip density (computing power) would double - cost remained constant Gordon Moore, Intel Founder More Capable The usefulness, or utility,, of a network equals the square of the number of users April 1965 Every eighteen months chip density (computing power) would double -number cost remained of constant users Processing April 1965 Gordon Moore, Intel Founder Processing Bandwidth Downsizing Increased Agility Decreased Transport Power Weight Bandwidth Robert Metcalfe 3Com Corporation Founder 3

4 Countering The Cyber Threat The decision cycle of the future is not going to be minutes, the decision cycle of the future is going to be microseconds. General James Cartwright Vice Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff

5 Historical Perspective 5

6 The Reality of the Situation Dependence on systems DoD command and control of complex missions; weapons systems acquisition and use; predict weather; manage, pay, supply the Warfighter, and support world-wide activities. Dependence will increase as DoD evolves to seamless structure of systems and networks operating as a utility supporting war fighting, intelligence and business functions We re more dependant on information technology, therefore more vulnerable to information technology attacks GBS JTF HQ ARFOR AFFOR DSCS NAVFOR COMMERCIAL JSOTF MARFOR 6

7 The Cyberspace Domain What we are Defending Working Definition of of Cyberspace: A A A domain characterized by by the the use use of of electronics and and the the electromagnetic spectrum to to store, store, modify, and and exchange data data via via networked systems and and associated physical infrastructures" Cyberspace domain is analogous to air, land, sea, & space domains Cyberspace is a place where DoD must be ready and capable to fight Cyberspace is global: erases time/space constraints; access straightforward Successful operations require: awareness, speed, integration Requires similar components--infrastructure, capabilities, resources Science/Technology development and research Industrial Base Inter- and Intra-Governmental Partnerships Doctrine, Training, Education, Skilled Practitioners Operational Concepts, Strategic Thinking, Wargames, Exercises Integrated offensive and defensive capabilities Funding 7

8 Weapon of Choice? Platform: F-15E COST = $50,000,000 Weapon: GBU-10 COST = $40,000 Operator: Trained F-15E Pilot COST = $10,000,000 Platform: Intel Dual Core processor COST = ~$1200 Weapon: Logic Bomb COST = download for free Operator: Motivated Hacker COST = recruited student 8

9 High Sophistication of Intruders Growth of Threat Capability web attacks automated probes/scans back doors GUI disabling audits network mgmt. diagnostics Hijacking sessions burglaries Tools Cross site scripting stealth / advanced scanning techniques Auto packet spoofing denial of service Coordinated Staged sniffers distributed sweepers attack tools Low Source: CERT/CC password cracking self-replicating code password guessing exploiting known vulnerabilities < Sophistication of Attacks Intruders 2005 Present day > 9

10 US Computer Emergency Response Team incidents continue to increase Incidents per year Source: CERT/CC Over 8000 reported incidents to US CERT in

11 Attack tools are easy to get 11

12 Video Play Bourne Video Here 12

13 MEF/DIV/RGMT AEHF Ku/Ka-band SATCOM MUOS UHF SATCOM MUOS TSC-154X SMART-T Aerial Layer? BN TSC-156B Phoenix TSM+ (TS) TSM+ SWAN-D Initial JTRS & WIN-T investments address mobile ad hoc networking WIN-T JTRS JTRS WIN-T MRC-142C BN Microwave SWAN-D WIN-T Win-T WIN-T) WIN-T JTRS MRC-142C HNW WNW SRW MUOS Ku/Ka JTRS JTRS Wireless Waveform(s) JTRS GMR JTRS BLOS JTRS GMR JTRS Wireless Waveform(s) JTRS

14 TCM Purpose & Strategy Replace all legacy radio systems Increase capability at small unit level Tactical Handheld Radios & Integrated Intra Squad Radios Equip all tactical vehicles with radios This includes tactical vehicles in MAGTF units Support 202K increase Plan transition to Mobile User Objective System (MUOS) terminals MUOS replaces failing UFO Constellation 14

15 Tactical Radio Roadmap EPLRS PRC-104 (HFMR) PRC-138 (HFMR) MRC-138 (HF Veh) VRC-102 (HF Veh) GRC-193 (HF Bench) GRC-231 (HF Bench) PRC-150C (HFMR) MRC-148/VRC-104 (HF Veh) TRC-209 (HF Transit Case) New SCA 2.2 compliant MBR (Possible early MUOS and SRW capability, fully compliant with future JTRS.) JTRS GMR (2-4 Ch): WNW, SRW, EPLRS, Etc ~Initial PSC-5 (UHF SATCOM) PRC-113 (UHF) VRC-83 (Veh UHF) VRC-88/89/90/91/92 PRC-119A/D (SINCGARS) AN/PRC-117F (MBR-M) VRC-103 (MBR-V) JTRS Manpack (2Ch): MUOS, SRW, EPLRS, Dual/Single Vehicle Adaptor SINCGARS, etc (DVA/SVA) for THHR (VRC-110); SCA 2.2 & JTRS Approved PRC-148 (THHR) Non-SCA 2.2 PRC-343 (PRR) Recent Past 2008 PRC-152 THHR; SCA 2.2 & JTRS Approved PRC-153 (IISR) PRC-152 upgraded to support SRW Author: David Moore, HQMC C4

16 100k Tactical Radio Capabilities 80k THHR (PRC-152/VRC-110) SCA 2.2 compliant & JTRS Approved JTRS Multi-Channel (All Types) 60k Critical JTRS need date no earlier than k 20k MBR (PRC-117F / VRC-103) Transition to an SCA 2.2 Approved Manpack Non-SCA THHR (PRC-148/VRC-111) HF Systems (PRC-150 / VRC-104 / TRC-209) EPLRS Author: David Moore, HQMC C4

17 Pre-OIF Rifle CO Radios Co HQ (x3/bn) RFL Plt (x3/co x9/bn) Corpsman Mounted in M998A1 T/O 6 Officer/176 Enlisted VHF-V (VRC-88): 1 VHF-M (PRC-119): UHF-M (PRC-113): 7 1 Radio Weights Marine N/A Plt 15 lbs Co 192 lbs WPNS Plt (x3/bn) 17 MG Sect Mortar Sect Assault Sect

18 TCM Rifle CO Radios Co HQ (x3/bn) RFL Plt (x3/co x9/bn) Mounted in M1123A2s T/O 6 Officer/176 Enlisted MBR-V (VRC-103): 1 MBR-M (PRC-117): 5 HFMR (PRC-150): 5 DVA (VRC-110): 2 THHR (PRC-148/152): 35 IISR (PRC-153): 176 Corpsman Radio Weights Marine 1-44 lbs Plt 78 lbs Co 534 lbs WPNS Plt (x3/bn) 18 MG Sect Mortar Sect Assault Sect

19 Summary Dramatic increase in tactical radio assets Combat multiplier for the Marine Corps Moving closer to network capable radios Will allow further extension of critical network resources to decision makers More capable than ever before! 19

20 Radio Operators Up! 08/01/ U.S. Marines communicate with their command operation center during a raid on a Taliban headquarters in Afghanistan Aug. 1, The Marines are from Fox Company, 2nd Battalion, 7th Marine Regiment based out of Marine Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms, Calif. DoD photo by Sgt. Freddy G. Cantu, U.S. Marine Corps. (Released) VIRIN: M-9389C-066