Tactical Data Links IPT

Transcription

1 TACTICAL DATA LINKS IPT IDLS 2005 UK TDL INTEROPERABILITY IN THE LITTORAL ENVIRONMENT LT CDR DAVID WILLIAMS TDLR1

2 INTRODUCTION Lead Requirements Manager in the UK TDL IPT Six RMs 1 x RN, 2 x Army & 3 x RAF Surface Warfare Officer specialising in all aspects of Above Water Warfare Type 42 Air Defence Destroyers

3 HMS NOTTINGHAM OUCH!!

4 INTRODUCTION Lead Requirements Manager in the UK TDL IPT Six RMs 1 x RN, 2 x Army & 3 x RAF Surface Warfare Officer specialising in all aspects of Above Water Warfare Type 42 Air Defence Destroyers Sum total of previous TDL knowledge was periodically shouting in the Ops Room - Chief, sort the bl**dy link out Event Manager for IDLS 2006 in Copenhagen

5 BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR 200 TH ANNIVERSARY ON 21 ST OCTOBER 2005

6 BATTLE OF TRAFALGAR Tuesday 28 June 2005 Spithead Son et Lumière Tuesday 28 June 2005 Southsea International Drumhead Ceremony Wednesday 29 June 2005 Southsea Thursday 30 June - Sunday 3 July 2005 Portsmouth Dockyard

7 NELSON AND THE LITTORAL The vast majority of Nelson s major sea battles were conducted in the littoral: Battle of Cape St Vincent Battle of the Nile Battle of Copenhagen Battle of Trafalgar Why was this?

8 NELSON & INTEROPERABILITY Interoperability successes at Trafalgar: Common language Common Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs) Good Command, Control, Communications (C3) Well trained, fully worked up Sustainability 1805 was a great year: Britannia ruled the waves The British Army was one of the finest in the world, ready to finally bring Napoleon to heel at Waterloo in 1815 The RAF was still over a hundred years away!

9 THE LITTORAL ENVIRONMENT Why is operating in the littoral environment, any different from any other operating environment? It is the only operating environment guaranteed to involve Maritime, Air and Land forces. How do we define the littoral region? UK definition - Coastal sea areas and that portion of the land which is susceptible to influence or support from the sea. (JWP ) How do we define interoperability? NATO definition - The ability of Alliance forces and, when appropriate, forces of Partner and other nations to train, exercise and operate effectively together in the execution of assigned missions and tasks. (AAP-6)

10 LITTORAL CONSIDERATIONS Geography and Topography challenges. Threat. Line of Sight issues connectivity for reliable data exchange. Time, Space and Distance considerations. Managing the three interfaces: Maritime Air Maritime Land Air Land Joint, Combined, Coordinated. National, Allied, Coalition.

11 RECENT HISTORY The Falklands Op Corporate Gulf War 1 Op Granby 1990 The Balkans Op Allied Force s Afghanistan Op Veritas 2002 Gulf War 2 Op Telic 2003 Sliding scale of improved interoperability with the passage of time Future Operations?

12 INTEROPERABILITY CHALLENGES TDLs in support of: Expeditionary Operations, including Amphibious Operations The ISTAR effort Effects Based Operations Shaping Operations and Pre-Cursor Operations The UK s Manoeuvrist Approach The Operational Tempo The importance of Host Nation Support

13 INTEROPERABILITY CHALLENGES Embracing emerging concepts: Network Enabled Capability (NEC) Global Information Infrastructure (GII) Joint Data and Planning Networks (JDN/JPN) UK Joint Vision and UK Joint High Level Operational Concept RN Concepts Future Navy Future Maritime Operational Concept Versatile Maritime Force Maritime Strike Littoral Manoeuvre (LitMan) Embracing recent and emerging technologies: CLIP, JRE, VMF, Link 22, JTRS Embracing new initiatives: UK FIRST, MODAF, Transition to ismart

14 INTEROPERABILITY CHALLENGES Shared Situational Awareness Combat ID Command and Control Seamless Network of Networks Deployable Network Management capability Network Capacity Gateways and Forwarders Coherent approach to IO Testing, Recording and Analysis Importance of Standards Overcoming Obsolescence IO down to the lowest common denominator

15 INTEROPERABILITY CHALLENGES Training Individual Sub-Team and Team Unit Single Service Collective Joint, Multi-Service Collective Joint, Multi-Service, Multinational

16 LEVELS OF INTEROPERABILITY Operator Decision- Quality Information Display Information Host Data Operational System Technical Terminal (JTIDS) RF Terminal (MIDS) Data Protocol & Integration HMI Brain-to-Brain Host Data Display Information Operator Decision- Quality Information

17 UK TDL INTEROPERABILITY Maritime (RN/RM) Current Predominantly Link 11 capable, in process of becoming SLEW capable Integrated Link 16 capability coming.albeit slowly Stand-Alone Non-Integrated Link 16 capability in major surface combatants Sea King Mk7 ASaCS most capable RN Link 16 platform Merlin CLEW only RFAs, MCMVs, OPVs Future Predominantly Link 11 and 16 capable surface combatants Data Forwarding capability TDLs in SSNs SA for Disadvantaged Vessels

18 Maritime (RN/RM) UK TDL INTEROPERABILITY Issues Introduction of TBLOS capability (Link 22 / JRE) VMF in the Maritime Environment SA for HQ 3 Cdo Bde Network Management Afloat

19 UK TDL INTEROPERABILITY Air (RAF) Current Predominantly Link 16 capable, with some Link 11 platforms E3Ds, DCA in good shape, however, CAS some way off Lowest common denominator Future Helo s Majority of fixed wing aircraft will be Link 16 capable, either integrated with mission system or stand-alone Some Link 11 capability in legacy platforms Air-to-Ground platforms will be TDL capable, most likely Link 16 but possibly VMF as well Multi-Link capability in TACC RAF Helo s still likely to be the poor relations

20 Air (RAF) UK TDL INTEROPERABILITY Issues RAF requirement for TBLOS capability Managing ISTAR CDLs and getting their product into the wider network

21 UK TDL INTEROPERABILITY Land (British Army) Current Limited Link 16 capability (GRAP & SA for 16 Air Asslt Bde) Moving gradually into the digital age with introduction of Bowman and improved CIS capabilities Army Aviation WAH-64 - an AFAPD island. The remainder devoid of SA Lowest common denominator Future Combat units xmt 16 Air Asslt Bde and Non-GBAD Combat Support units Combat Service Support units Army Aviation Introduction into service of LEAPP Wider dissemination of timely SA around the battlefield

22 Land (British Army) UK TDL INTEROPERABILITY Issues Land Requirement for a TBLOS capability Gateways between TDLs, CDLs and Land CIS

23 Link 16 Link 11 VMF CDL variants E-3D ASTOR L-16 Tornado F3 L-11 Sea King Mk. 7 Typhoon JCA GR4 + RAPTOR GR9 CVS/Ocean T23/42 FAC CVF T45 SSN GBAD/LEAPP TACC AH Mk 1 ASTOR GS 7 Lynx Mk 7/9 UK DIV l 6 GRAP/AMRAP UK BDE UK TREF RAPTOR GS DOB JFACHQ UK TDL Architecture Timeframe: 2009 Nodes: UK Air, Land and Maritime Networks: Link 16, Link 11, VMF & CDL, Applications: NATO ACCS, Dependant Technologies:

24 THE NEC FUTURE Networked C4ISR Networked Battlespace. Rapid, informed decision-making. Command and Control will be practiced without the constraints of distance, terrain and weather. NEC will integrate future ISR systems Deliver a common high-quality information domain, shared situational awareness, contribution and real-time access to the Joint Operational Picture (JOP) and enabling Decision Superiority. Technological innovation will allow the increased networking of Command and Information systems as part of a wider NEC. This networking of sensors, databases, models, decision makers and weapon delivery platforms will lead not only to shared situational awareness and improved Battlespace Resolution but also to increased co-operation and coherence between HQ staffs, all of which will facilitate Decision Superiority.

25 THE NEC FUTURE Networked C4ISR will enable a quickening of the exercise of command and raise operational tempo. It will result in increased survivability and lethality, the latter through more effective and responsive targeting. Networked C4ISR spans command systems, Command and Control (C2) for Expeditionary Operations (both Joint and single Component), Information Operations and ISR.

26 LINES OF DEVELOPMENT Equipment Capability Prioritise the design and build of equipment, in accordance with policy guidance, to be interoperable with Joint and Coalition partners. This will demand compatible technologies and common standards. C4ISR equipment must be highly interoperable to achieve the goal of shared situational awareness through Network Enabled Capability. Concepts and Doctrine Effective integration and interoperability between each of the Services and Coalition partners is based on conceptual coherence, through shared Doctrine and Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs). Structures Ensure UK forces retain long term political utility and are both capable of integration into a US led coalition force and interoperable with our NATO and European partners. Training Sustainability

27 UK TDL IO SUMMARY Maritime-Air TDL IO National Maritime-Air TDL IO generally sound but with some shortcomings Allied and Coalition Maritime-Air TDL IO considerably better than the other two interfaces Maritime-Land and Land-Air TDL IO Both Maritime-Land and Land-Air interfaces need more work. National Maritime-Land and Air-Land TDL IO could be better. Allied and Coalition TDL IO across both these interfaces in need of serious consideration.

28 ANY QUESTIONS?