News Release Follow The Conference Board For further information: Carol Courter 212-339-0232 / courter@conference-board.org Release #5916 For Immediate Release 2:00 PM ET, Monday, November 7, 2016 Online Labor Demand Increased 116,100 in October The October gain offset the September loss of 93,800 Gains were widespread across most States and MSAs Most major occupational groups showed solid gains NEW YORK, November 7, 2016 Online advertised vacancies increased 116,100 to 4,838,400 in October, according to The Conference Board Help Wanted OnLine (HWOL) Data Series, released today. The September Supply/Demand rate stands at 1.68 unemployed for each advertised vacancy with a total of 3.2 million more unemployed workers than the number of advertised vacancies. The number of unemployed was approximately 7.9 million in September. The second half of 2016 appears to have stabilized and is showing small gains in the number of online job ads following the steep losses in the first half of the year, said Gad Levanon, Chief Economist, North America, at The Conference Board. The Professional occupation category saw solid gains in Management (8.8), Business/Finance (8.8), Computer/Math (11.4) and Health (12.3). The Services/Production category also saw strong gains in Sales (20.8), Installation/Maintenance (12.2) and Transportation (28.0). The release schedule, national historic table and technical notes to this series are available on The Conference Board website, http://www.conference-board.org/data/helpwantedonline.cfm. The historical series for the States and the 52 largest MSAs is available from Haver Analytics. The underlying data for The Conference Board HWOL is collected by Wanted Analytics, a CEB Company. 1
REGIONAL AND STATE HIGHLIGHTS Among the largest States, 19 rose and 1 declined Among the 50 States, 44 rose, 4 declined, and 2 were constant Table A: State Labor Demand, Selected States, Seasonally Adjusted M-O-M Supply/ Total Ads 1 Change Demand Rate 2 (Thousands) (Thousands) Recent Location Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 Sep-16 Trend 3 United States 4,838.4 116.1 1.68 12/15 NORTHEAST 911.9 43.1 1.72 Massachusetts 143.9 4.1 0.92 1/16 New Jersey 148.2 5.2 1.70 1/16 New York 289.1 17.7 1.77 1/16 Pennsylvania 197.9 5.6 1.93 1/16 SOUTH 1,561.5 29.6 1.96 Florida 243.2-4.5 1.85 1/16 Georgia 151.9 2.4 1.66 2/15 Maryland 103.5 3.9 1.34 1/16 North Carolina 128.3 0.9 1.78 1/16 Texas 335.1 14.1 1.99 4/16 Virginia 150.1 1.0 1.13 10/15 MIDWEST 1,089.0 48.4 1.59 Illinois 180.1 4.8 2.06 1/16 Michigan 152.9 7.4 1.51 1/16 Minnesota 132.2 3.5 0.93 1/16 Missouri 104.1 3.8 1.61 1/16 Ohio 171.6 9.6 1.70 1/16 Wisconsin 100.8 2.2 1.32 4/16 WEST 1,229.4 35.6 1.77 Arizona 100.0 2.3 1.83 4/16 California 558.2 11.2 1.96 1/16 Colorado 123.5 3.2 0.87 1/16 Washington 159.4 9.4 1.35 2/16 The Conference Board - All rights reserved. 1. Total ads are all unduplicated ads appearing during the reference period. This figure includes ads from the previous months that have been reposted as well as new ads. 2. Supply/Demand rate is the number of Unemployed persons divided by the number of total ads and reflects the latest month for which unemployment data is available. 3. Recent trend is The Conference Board Economists' indication of the direction of the overall trend in online job demand from the date indicated (month/year). 2
October Changes for States In October, online labor demand was up in 44 States, down in 4, and constant in 2 (see Table 3). All four regions experienced increases. The Midwest experienced an increase of 48,400 in October (Table A). Ohio increased 9,600 to 171,600. Illinois grew 4,800 to 180,100. Michigan increased 7,400 to 152,900. Minnesota increased 3,500 to 132,200. Wisconsin increased 2,200 to 100,800 and Missouri increased 3,800 to 104,100. Among the smaller States in the region, Indiana increased 2,200 to 78,800, and Iowa increased 3,200 to 59,100, Nebraska grew 700 to 32,500, and North Dakota increased 1,100 to 16,600. Kansas increased 1,600 to 41,000 (Table 3). The Northeast increased 43,100 in October. New York grew 17,700 to 289,100. Pennsylvania increased 5,600 to 197,900. New Jersey increased 5,200 to 148,200. Massachusetts increased 4,100 to 143,900. In the smaller States, Connecticut grew 3,500 to 65,700. Maine decreased 100 to 16,700 and New Hampshire increased 900 to 23,300. Rhode Island increased 700 to 15,300 and Vermont grew 900 to 11,200. The West increased 35,600 in October. California increased 11,200 to 558,200. Washington increased 9,400 to 159,400 and Colorado increased 3,200 to 123,500. Arizona increased 2,300 to 100,000. Among the smaller States in the West, Oregon increased 600 to 75,400. Utah increased 1,100 to 57,500. Nevada increased 1,500 to 46,200. Idaho remained constant at 23,800 and New Mexico increased 800 to 25,800. Montana increased 400 to 19,800 and Wyoming increased 200 to 7,200. The South increased 29,600 in October. Among the larger States in the region, Texas increased 14,100, to 335,100. Florida decreased 4,500 to 243,200. Georgia increased 2,400 to 151,900. Virginia grew 1,000 to 150,100. North Carolina increased 900 to 128,300. Maryland increased 3,900 to 103,500. Among the smaller States, Alabama grew 1,000 to 46,800. Tennessee increased 3,200 to 82,500 and South Carolina increased 1,100 to 59,100. Kentucky decreased 100 to 46,500 and Oklahoma increased 1,200 to 38,300. Louisiana grew 3,100 to 45,600 and Delaware increased 1,100 to 16,900. Supply/Demand Rates: Help Wanted OnLine calculates Supply/Demand rates for the 50 States (Table 4). The data are for September 2016, the latest month for which State unemployment figures are available. There were 7 States in which the number of advertised vacancies exceeded the number of unemployed: South Dakota (0.74), North Dakota (0.84), Colorado (0.87), Utah (0.90), Massachusetts (0.92), Minnesota (0.93), and New Hampshire (0.99). The States with the highest Supply/Demand rates were Louisiana (3.22), which had more than three unemployed workers for every job opening, and Mississippi (2.99), Oklahoma (2.57), and Alabama (2.55), which had more than two unemployed workers for every job opening. Please note that the Supply/Demand rate only provides a measure of relative tightness of the individual State labor markets and does not suggest that the occupations of the unemployed directly align with the occupations of the advertised vacancies. 3
METRO AREA HIGHLIGHTS In October, among the 20 largest metro areas, 19 gained and 1 declined Among the 52 metro areas, 48 rose, 2 declined, and 2 remained constant (Table 5) Table B: MSA Labor Demand, Selected MSA's, Seasonally Adjusted M-O-M Total Ads 1 Change (Thousands) (Thousands) Supply/ Demand Rate 2 Location Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 Aug-16 United States 4,838.4 116.1 1.68 NORTHEAST 911.9 43.1 1.72 Boston, MA 110.3 2.7 0.83 New York, NY 283.7 17.2 1.90 Philadelphia, PA 100.1 4.6 1.74 SOUTH 1,561.5 29.6 1.96 Atlanta, GA 100.7 2.1 1.46 Baltimore, MD 52.4 1.0 1.29 Dallas, TX 110.8 3.3 1.29 Houston, TX 64.9 2.2 2.78 Miami, FL 66.4-2.4 1.99 Washington, DC 153.0 5.0 0.83 MIDWEST 1,089.0 48.4 1.59 Chicago, IL 140.2 4.6 1.88 Cleveland, OH 31.4 0.3 1.68 Detroit, MI 72.0 3.2 1.43 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN 91.2 1.8 0.76 WEST 1,229.4 35.6 1.77 Denver, CO 73.3 2.3 0.69 Los Angeles, CA 169.2 3.5 1.85 Phoenix, AZ 69.8 1.7 1.47 San Diego, CA 49.4 0.5 1.55 San Francisco, CA 112.0 0.9 0.86 San Jose, CA 54.0 0.6 0.78 Seattle-Tacoma, WA 101.6 3.9 0.90 The Conference Board - All rights reserved. 1. Total ads are all unduplicated ads appearing during the reference period. This includes ads from the previous months that have been reposted as well as new ads. 2. Supply/Demand rate is the number of Unemployed persons divided by the number of total ads and reflects the latest month for which unemployment data is available. 4
Metro Area Changes In October, labor demand rose in 48 metro areas, 2 declined, and 2 remained constant. The MSAs with the largest changes in each of the regions were: Chicago (4,600) and Detroit (3,200) in the Midwest; Seattle-Tacoma (3,900) and Los Angeles (3,500) in the West; Washington DC (5,000) and Dallas (3,300) in the South; and New York (17,200) and Philadelphia (4,600) in the Northeast (See Table B and Table 5). The West increased 35,600 in October. Seattle-Tacoma increased 3,900 to 101,600 and Los Angeles increased 3,500 to 169,200. San Francisco grew 900 to 112,000 and Denver increased 2,300 to 73,300. San Jose increased 600 to 54,000. Phoenix increased 1,700 to 69,800. San Diego increased 500 to 49,400. Portland increased 1,000 to 47,100. Sacramento increased 1,400 to 28,700 and Salt Lake City increased 300 to 32,900. Honolulu increased 400 to 13,700 and Las Vegas grew 1,400 to 30,700. The South increased 29,600 in October. Washington DC grew 5,000 to 153,000 and Dallas increased 3,300 to 110,800. Miami decreased 2,400 to 66,400. Baltimore increased 1,000 to 52,400 and Atlanta increased 2,100 to 100,700. Houston increased 2,200 to 64,900 and Austin added 2,800 to 41,500. Tampa decreased 100 to 46,000 and Charlotte increased 300 to 36,800. San Antonio grew 1,200 to 30,700 and Nashville increased 600 to 33,900. Birmingham remained constant 13,500. New Orleans gained 600 to 16,600. Louisville increased 500 to 17,500. The Northeast increased 43,100 in October. New York increased 17,200 to 283,700. Philadelphia increased 4,600 to 100,100 and Boston grew 2,700 to 110,300. Pittsburgh grew 700 to 38,800 and Providence increased 700 to 21,200. Buffalo increased 800 to 17,100. Hartford increased 1,400 to 26,200 and Rochester increased 600 to 14,200. The Midwest experienced an increase of 48,400 in October. Chicago increased 4,600 to 140,200 and Detroit increased 3,200 to 72,000. Minneapolis-St. Paul increased 1,800 to 91,200 and St. Louis grew 1,400 to 50,000. Columbus gained 1,300 to 36,200 and Cincinnati increased 700 to 36,000. Kansas City increased 1,800 to 42,800 and Milwaukee increased 400 to 28,500. Indianapolis increased 600 to 29,200. Cleveland grew 300 to 31,400. The number of postings does not, however, tell the entire story. A crucial factor is how many unemployed people are seeking jobs and how much competition there is for the jobs that are available. The Conference Board HWOL s Supply/Demand rate relates the number of unemployed workers to the number of advertised vacancies. Based on August s data (the latest available unemployment data for metro areas), 9 major metro areas saw more job openings than unemployed workers: Salt Lake City (S/D rate of 0.60), Denver (0.69), Minneapolis-St. Paul (0.76), San Jose (0.78), Washington, DC (0.83), Boston (0.83), San Francisco (0.86), Seattle-Tacoma (.90), and Austin (0.95) (Table 6). Other favorable markets for job-seekers included Honolulu (1.04), Nashville (1.08), Columbus (1.17), Cincinnati (1.21), Kansas City (1.22), and Baltimore (1.29). In contrast, unemployed workers face great competition for each advertised position in Riverside (almost 4 unemployed for every opening) as well as Houston and Las Vegas (over 2 unemployed for every opening). In 46 of the 52 metro areas, however, there are now fewer than 2 unemployed per advertised opening. (See Table 6 for complete metro area Supply/Demand rates.) 5
OCCUPATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS In October, all of the largest ten online occupational categories posted increases (Table C) Table C: U.S. Top Ten Demand Occupations and Pay Levels, Seasonally Adjusted Total Ads M-O-M Change Unemployed Supply/ (Thousands) (Thousands) (Thousands) Demand Rate 2 Average Hourly SOC 1 Occupation Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 Sep-16 Sep-16 Wage 3 29 Healthcare practitioners and technical 631.9 12.3 170.6 0.28 $37.40 15 Computer and mathematical science 528.8 11.4 123.1 0.24 $41.43 43 Office and administrative support 508.0 9.0 735.5 1.47 $17.47 41 Sales and related 486.1 20.8 846.7 1.82 $18.90 11 Management 423.6 8.8 516.0 1.24 $55.30 53 Transportation and material moving 333.5 28.0 677.5 2.22 $16.90 13 Business and financial operations 291.8 8.8 210.6 0.74 $35.48 35 Food preparation and serving related 245.3 4.1 641.1 2.66 $10.98 49 Installation, maintenance, and repair 203.4 12.2 182.0 0.95 $22.11 25 Education, training, and library 159.9 2.8 269.1 1.71 $25.48 The Conference Board - All rights reserved. 1. Standard Occupational Classification code (SOC) 2. Supply/Demand rate is the number of Unemployed persons divided by the number of total ads and reflects the latest month for which unemployment data is available. 3. BLS Occupational Employment Statistics - May 2015 estimates. Occupational Changes for the Month of October In October, all of the largest online occupational categories posted increases. Healthcare practitioners and technical ads increased 12,300 to 631,900. The supply/demand rate for these occupations lies at 0.28, i.e. over 3 advertised openings per unemployed job-seeker (see Table C and Table 7). Computer and mathematical science ads increased 11,400 to 528,800. The supply/demand rate lies at 0.24, i.e. 4 advertised openings per unemployed job-seeker. Management ads increased 8,800 to 423,600. The supply/demand rate lies at 1.24 i.e. more than 1 unemployed job-seekers for every advertised available opening. Sales and related ads increased 20,800 to 486,100. The supply/demand rate for these occupations lies at 1.82, more than 1 unemployed job-seeker for every advertised available opening. Transportation and material moving ads increased 28,000 to 333,500. The supply/demand rate lies at 2.22, i.e. over 2 unemployed job-seekers for every advertised available opening. Office and administrative support ads increased 9,000 to 508,000. The supply/demand rate lies at 1.47, i.e. over 1 unemployed job-seeker for every advertised available opening. 6
PROGRAM NOTES HWOL available on Haver Analytics Over 3,000 of the key HWOL press release time series are exclusively available on Haver Analytics. The available time series include the geographic and occupational series for levels and rates for both Total Ads and New Ads. In addition to the seasonally adjusted series, many of the unadjusted series are also available. The geographic detail includes: U.S., 9 Regions, 50 States, 52 MSAs (largest metro areas). The occupational detail includes: U.S. (2-digit SOC), States (1-digit SOC) and MSAs (1-digit SOC). For more information about the Help Wanted OnLine database delivered via Haver Analytics, please email sales@haver.com or navigate to http://www.haver.com/contact.html. For HWOL data for detailed geographic areas and occupations not in the press release, please contact Jeanne.Shu@conference-board.org. The Conference Board Help Wanted OnLine Data Series (HWOL) measures the number of new, first-time online jobs and jobs reposted from the previous month for over 16,000 Internet job boards, corporate boards and smaller job sites that serve niche markets and smaller geographic areas. Like The Conference Board s long-running Help Wanted Advertising Index of print ads (which was published for over 55 years and discontinued in July 2008), the HWOL series measures help wanted advertising, i.e. labor demand. The HWOL data series began in May 2005. With the September 2008 release, HWOL began providing seasonally adjusted data for the U.S., the nine Census regions and the 50 States. Seasonally adjusted data for occupations were provided beginning with the May 2009 release, and seasonally adjusted data for the 52 largest metropolitan areas began with the February 2012 release. People using this data are urged to review the information on the database and methodology available on The Conference Board website and contact us with questions and comments. Background information and technical notes and discussion of revisions to the series are available at: http://www.conferenceboard.org/data/helpwantedonline.cfm. Additional information on the Bureau of Labor Statistics data used in this release can be found on the BLS website, www.bls.gov. The Conference Board The Conference Board is a global, independent business membership and research association working in the public interest. Our mission is unique: To provide the world s leading organizations with the practical knowledge they need to improve their performance and better serve society. The Conference Board is a non-advocacy, notfor-profit entity holding 501 (c) (3) tax-exempt status in the United States. 7
WANTED Analytics, a CEB Company WANTED is a leading supplier of real-time business intelligence solutions for the talent marketplace. Using technology to gather data from corporate career sites and online job boards, WANTED builds products to help our users make better human capital decisions faster. Users of our products include corporate human resources departments, market analysts and employment services firms as well as the federal, state and local labor market analysts that use HWOL. For more information, please visit: www.wantedanalytics.com. HAVER ANALYTICS Haver Analytics is the premier provider of time series data for the Global Strategy and Research community. Haver Analytics was founded in 1978 as a consulting firm and today provides the highest quality data and software for industry professionals. Haver provides products and services to clients in financial services, government, academia and various industry groups from consulting to manufacturing. From more information please see: http://www.haver.com/contact.html. Publication Schedule, Help Wanted OnLine Data Series Data for the Month Release Date November 2016 November 30, 2016 8
Table 1: National/Regional Total Ads and New Ads (Levels), Seasonally Adjusted Total Ads 1 (Thousands) M-O-M Change (Thousands) New Ads 2 (Thousands) Location 3 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 United States 5,389.5 4,722.3 4,838.4 116.1 2,655.5 2,145.3 2,217.9 72.6 New England 326.7 266.1 276.1 9.9 163.1 111.1 119.4 8.3 Middle Atlantic 711.9 602.7 635.8 33.1 341.8 276.1 286.1 10.0 South Atlantic 999.5 905.2 912.9 7.7 494.2 417.0 412.9-4.1 East North Central 823.4 652.6 684.7 32.2 385.0 282.1 296.3 14.3 East South Central 241.5 196.6 202.3 5.7 118.2 83.9 86.1 2.2 West North Central 422.0 388.0 404.3 16.3 191.2 161.4 175.3 13.9 West South Central 513.5 430.1 446.3 16.1 247.0 196.4 206.0 9.6 Mountain 435.3 393.8 403.7 10.0 221.5 185.3 193.2 7.9 Pacific 874.8 800.0 825.7 25.7 466.4 394.8 417.6 22.7 1. Total ads are all unduplicated ads appearing during the reference period. This figure includes ads from the previous months that have been reposted as well as new ads. M-O-M Change (Thousands) 2. New ads are all unduplicated ads which did not appear during the previous reference period. An online help wanted ad is counted as "New" only in the month it first appears. 3. Regions are as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau. Table 2: National/Regional Total Ads and New Ads Rates, Seasonally Adjusted Location 2 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 United States 3.43 2.95 3.03 1.69 1.34 1.39 New England 4.21 3.38 3.51 2.10 1.41 1.52 Middle Atlantic 3.44 2.91 3.07 1.65 1.33 1.38 South Atlantic 3.27 2.93 2.96 1.62 1.35 1.34 East North Central 3.53 2.75 2.89 1.65 1.19 1.25 East South Central 2.86 2.28 2.35 1.40 0.97 1.00 West North Central 3.76 3.45 3.59 1.70 1.43 1.56 West South Central 2.79 2.30 2.39 1.34 1.05 1.10 Mountain 3.80 3.39 3.47 1.94 1.59 1.66 Pacific 3.42 3.06 3.16 1.82 1.51 1.60 1. Ads rates are calculated as a percent of the most currently available BLS civilian labor force data. Ads rates represent the number of ads per 100 participants in the civilian labor force. 2. Regions are as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau. Total Ads Rate 1 New Ads Rate 1 (Percent) (Percent) 9
Table 3: State Total Ads and New Ads (Levels), Seasonally Adjusted Total Ads 1 (Thousands) (Thousands) New Ads 2 (Thousands) (Thousands) Location Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 United States 5,389.5 4,722.3 4,838.4 116.1 2,655.5 2,145.3 2,217.9 72.6 Alabama 58.3 45.9 46.8 1.0 28.4 19.0 19.7 0.8 Alaska 17.1 13.2 13.1-0.1 8.4 5.7 5.8 0.2 Arizona 105.0 97.7 100.0 2.3 54.7 46.8 48.3 1.6 Arkansas 32.9 26.7 27.2 0.5 15.6 10.9 11.2 0.4 California 620.3 547.0 558.2 11.2 328.5 272.8 285.3 12.5 Colorado 132.1 120.3 123.5 3.2 70.6 58.7 61.5 2.8 Connecticut 77.2 62.2 65.7 3.5 37.3 24.5 26.5 2.0 Delaware 18.9 15.8 16.9 1.1 8.8 6.6 7.0 0.5 Florida 279.7 247.7 243.2-4.5 153.9 124.7 119.3-5.3 Georgia 158.0 149.5 151.9 2.4 73.8 73.4 67.0-6.5 Hawaii 19.5 19.3 19.9 0.5 10.7 9.9 10.6 0.7 Idaho 27.4 23.8 23.8 0.0 15.3 11.5 12.1 0.5 Illinois 208.1 175.3 180.1 4.8 92.6 72.0 76.6 4.5 Indiana 93.9 76.6 78.8 2.2 40.4 30.9 32.3 1.4 Iowa 67.6 56.0 59.1 3.2 30.4 22.6 25.9 3.3 Kansas 46.6 39.4 41.0 1.6 20.6 16.3 17.1 0.8 Kentucky 57.9 46.5 46.5-0.1 29.5 18.7 19.0 0.3 Louisiana 53.2 42.5 45.6 3.1 27.8 19.5 21.7 2.2 Maine 23.7 16.8 16.7-0.1 11.7 6.7 6.7 0.0 Maryland 110.5 99.6 103.5 3.9 49.0 40.6 44.9 4.3 Massachusetts 167.4 139.8 143.9 4.1 83.4 59.2 63.3 4.1 Michigan 188.1 145.5 152.9 7.4 87.9 63.5 66.8 3.3 Minnesota 135.6 128.8 132.2 3.5 60.7 54.9 57.2 2.3 Mississippi 30.7 25.3 26.4 1.1 14.1 10.9 11.7 0.8 Missouri 93.6 100.4 104.1 3.8 44.2 42.3 46.6 4.3 Montana 21.8 19.4 19.8 0.4 10.9 9.6 9.9 0.3 Nebraska 40.4 31.9 32.5 0.7 19.1 13.1 13.6 0.5 Nevada 47.9 44.7 46.2 1.5 24.0 21.0 22.2 1.2 New Hampshire 25.9 22.4 23.3 0.9 11.7 9.3 10.2 0.8 New Jersey 158.4 143.0 148.2 5.2 71.9 61.8 65.7 3.8 New Mexico 30.2 25.0 25.8 0.8 14.7 10.8 11.4 0.6 New York 323.5 271.3 289.1 17.7 164.8 127.1 136.5 9.4 North Carolina 144.3 127.4 128.3 0.9 72.7 59.2 58.4-0.7 North Dakota 18.2 15.5 16.6 1.1 8.1 7.0 7.3 0.3 Ohio 213.0 162.0 171.6 9.6 102.7 70.5 75.5 5.0 Oklahoma 42.3 37.1 38.3 1.2 18.5 15.2 16.2 1.0 Oregon 80.5 74.8 75.4 0.6 46.8 40.6 41.3 0.7 Pennsylvania 229.2 192.3 197.9 5.6 105.2 82.2 84.0 1.8 Rhode Island 20.2 14.5 15.3 0.7 12.3 6.7 7.3 0.6 South Carolina 68.3 58.1 59.1 1.1 37.0 25.7 25.4-0.3 South Dakota 19.8 17.6 18.2 0.7 7.9 6.8 7.2 0.4 Tennessee 94.4 79.3 82.5 3.2 46.2 35.8 35.7 0.0 Texas 385.1 320.9 335.1 14.1 184.9 148.5 156.7 8.2 Utah 61.0 56.4 57.5 1.1 27.0 24.4 24.6 0.2 Vermont 12.3 10.3 11.2 0.9 6.6 4.6 5.1 0.5 Virginia 154.1 149.1 150.1 1.0 67.4 60.9 63.2 2.3 Washington 137.1 150.0 159.4 9.4 72.0 67.1 74.7 7.6 West Virginia 20.4 19.4 19.4 0.0 9.5 7.7 8.3 0.6 Wisconsin 119.7 98.6 100.8 2.2 61.9 42.6 45.8 3.2 Wyoming 10.0 6.9 7.2 0.2 4.1 2.7 2.9 0.2 2. New ads are all unduplicated ads which did not appear during the previous reference period. An online help wanted ad is counted as "New" only in the month it first appears. M-O-M Change M-O-M Change 1. Total ads are all unduplicated ads appearing during the reference period. This figure includes ads from the previous months that have been reposted as well as new ads. 10
Table 4: State Labor Supply/Labor Demand Indicators, Seasonally Adjusted Total Ads Rate 1 Unemployment Unemployed Total Ads Supply/ (Percent) Rate 2 (Thousands) (Thousands) Demand Rate 3 Location Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Sep-16 Sep-16 Sep-16 Sep-16 United States 3.43 2.95 3.03 5.0 7,939.00 4,722.3 1.68 Alabama 2.72 2.12 2.16 5.4 117.13 45.9 2.55 Alaska 4.70 3.67 3.64 6.9 24.66 13.2 1.87 Arizona 3.32 3.03 3.10 5.5 178.79 97.7 1.83 Arkansas 2.47 1.97 2.00 4.0 54.82 26.7 2.05 California 3.27 2.83 2.89 5.5 1,070.38 547.0 1.96 Colorado 4.67 4.15 4.26 3.6 104.50 120.3 0.87 Connecticut 4.10 3.27 3.45 5.4 103.20 62.2 1.66 Delaware 4.01 3.30 3.53 4.3 20.72 15.8 1.31 Florida 2.89 2.54 2.49 4.7 457.39 247.7 1.85 Georgia 3.31 3.04 3.09 5.1 248.76 149.5 1.66 Hawaii 2.87 2.81 2.89 3.3 22.53 19.3 1.17 Idaho 3.42 2.93 2.92 3.8 31.11 23.8 1.31 Illinois 3.19 2.67 2.74 5.5 360.53 175.3 2.06 Indiana 2.87 2.27 2.34 4.5 151.40 76.6 1.98 Iowa 3.97 3.25 3.43 4.2 72.50 56.0 1.30 Kansas 3.10 2.66 2.77 4.4 65.10 39.4 1.65 Kentucky 2.98 2.35 2.34 5.0 99.12 46.5 2.13 Louisiana 2.49 1.99 2.14 6.4 137.06 42.5 3.22 Maine 3.51 2.43 2.41 4.1 28.13 16.8 1.67 Maryland 3.50 3.14 3.27 4.2 133.04 99.6 1.34 Massachusetts 4.70 3.87 3.98 3.6 129.13 139.8 0.92 Michigan 3.96 3.02 3.17 4.6 219.82 145.5 1.51 Minnesota 4.49 4.30 4.42 4.0 119.48 128.8 0.93 Mississippi 2.40 1.99 2.08 6.0 75.90 25.3 2.99 Missouri 3.00 3.21 3.33 5.2 161.39 100.4 1.61 Montana 4.16 3.72 3.79 4.3 22.41 19.4 1.15 Nebraska 3.98 3.13 3.19 3.2 33.10 31.9 1.04 Nevada 3.35 3.12 3.23 5.8 83.61 44.7 1.87 New Hampshire 3.49 2.96 3.08 2.9 22.09 22.4 0.99 New Jersey 3.48 3.13 3.25 5.3 243.11 143.0 1.70 New Mexico 3.30 2.69 2.78 6.7 62.20 25.0 2.49 New York 3.34 2.83 3.02 5.0 481.11 271.3 1.77 North Carolina 3.02 2.64 2.66 4.7 227.38 127.4 1.78 North Dakota 4.41 3.65 3.90 3.0 12.97 15.5 0.84 Ohio 3.75 2.82 2.99 4.8 275.07 162.0 1.70 Oklahoma 2.29 2.04 2.11 5.2 95.27 37.1 2.57 Oregon 4.06 3.61 3.63 5.5 113.20 74.8 1.51 Pennsylvania 3.56 2.95 3.03 5.7 371.19 192.3 1.93 Rhode Island 3.65 2.60 2.74 5.6 31.10 14.5 2.14 South Carolina 3.02 2.53 2.57 4.9 112.02 58.1 1.93 South Dakota 4.36 3.85 3.99 2.9 13.09 17.6 0.74 Tennessee 3.09 2.51 2.62 4.6 146.07 79.3 1.84 Texas 2.94 2.40 2.51 4.8 637.17 320.9 1.99 Utah 4.15 3.76 3.83 3.4 50.74 56.4 0.90 Vermont 3.57 2.97 3.23 3.3 11.51 10.3 1.12 Virginia 3.64 3.53 3.56 4.0 168.64 149.1 1.13 Washington 3.86 4.11 4.36 5.6 202.93 150.0 1.35 West Virginia 2.60 2.45 2.45 5.8 45.56 19.4 2.35 Wisconsin 3.86 3.15 3.22 4.1 129.93 98.6 1.32 Wyoming 3.29 2.31 2.39 5.3 16.04 6.9 2.31 1. Total ads rate is calculated as a percent of the most currently available BLS civilian labor force data. Ad rates represent the number of ads per 100 persons in the civilian labor force. 2. Unemployment data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Current Population Statistics and Local Area Unemployment Statistics programs. 3. Supply/Demand rate is the number of Unemployed persons divided by the number of total ads and reflects the latest month for which unemployment data is available. 11
Table 5: MSA Total Ads and New Ads (Levels), Seasonally Adjusted Total Ads 1 (Thousands) New Ads 2 (Thousands) Location 3 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 Birmingham, AL 17.7 13.5 13.5 0.0 8.5 5.1 5.4 0.3 Phoenix, AZ 73.1 68.2 69.8 1.7 37.7 32.7 33.9 1.1 Tucson, AZ 14.6 11.9 12.5 0.6 8.0 5.2 5.5 0.3 Los Angeles, CA 186.8 165.7 169.2 3.5 99.8 83.7 86.9 3.2 Riverside, CA 37.9 30.8 31.9 1.1 19.9 14.4 15.6 1.2 Sacramento, CA 30.3 27.3 28.7 1.4 16.6 14.4 15.5 1.1 San Diego, CA 50.9 48.9 49.4 0.5 28.0 26.0 26.5 0.4 San Francisco, CA 125.7 111.1 112.0 0.9 64.9 55.1 57.6 2.5 San Jose, CA 58.1 53.5 54.0 0.6 24.7 22.2 23.3 1.2 Denver, CO 75.7 71.0 73.3 2.3 38.3 33.9 36.1 2.2 Hartford, CT 31.4 24.8 26.2 1.4 15.6 9.6 10.9 1.2 Washington, DC 159.5 148.0 153.0 5.0 70.9 59.4 65.8 6.4 Jacksonville, FL 20.2 18.2 18.2 0.0 10.6 9.3 9.2-0.2 Miami, FL 78.5 68.8 66.4-2.4 43.7 34.6 32.0-2.6 Orlando, FL 36.3 32.1 33.3 1.2 18.7 15.4 16.6 1.2 Tampa, FL 47.1 46.1 46.0-0.1 23.2 22.0 22.1 0.1 Atlanta, GA 103.6 98.6 100.7 2.1 47.1 46.2 43.9-2.3 Honolulu, HI 14.4 13.4 13.7 0.4 8.1 7.2 7.6 0.4 Chicago, IL 160.6 135.6 140.2 4.6 70.1 55.5 59.4 4.0 Indianapolis, IN 32.7 28.6 29.2 0.6 14.0 11.7 12.0 0.3 Louisville, KY 24.0 17.0 17.5 0.5 13.1 7.0 7.5 0.5 New Orleans, LA 18.8 16.0 16.6 0.6 10.2 6.7 7.4 0.6 Baltimore, MD 58.6 51.4 52.4 1.0 25.8 20.8 22.0 1.2 Boston, MA 124.4 107.6 110.3 2.7 59.7 45.8 49.1 3.3 Detroit, MI 87.6 68.8 72.0 3.2 37.2 27.8 29.0 1.2 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN 93.0 89.4 91.2 1.8 42.6 38.1 40.0 1.9 Kansas City, MO 40.4 40.9 42.8 1.8 17.9 17.4 18.8 1.4 St. Louis, MO 45.1 48.6 50.0 1.4 19.8 19.2 21.2 2.0 Las Vegas, NV 29.7 29.3 30.7 1.4 14.5 13.6 14.7 1.1 Buffalo, NY 23.3 16.3 17.1 0.8 13.1 7.1 7.6 0.5 New York, NY 303.7 266.5 283.7 17.2 142.6 126.9 130.8 3.9 Rochester, NY 19.6 13.6 14.2 0.6 11.1 6.0 6.5 0.5 Charlotte, NC 39.3 36.5 36.8 0.3 18.7 17.1 16.5-0.6 Cincinnati, OH 41.9 35.3 36.0 0.7 18.7 13.7 14.5 0.8 Cleveland, OH 39.0 31.1 31.4 0.3 17.3 12.7 13.2 0.5 Columbus, OH 42.2 35.0 36.2 1.3 20.0 15.8 16.7 0.9 Oklahoma City, OK 17.5 16.7 17.7 1.0 7.8 7.1 7.5 0.4 Portland, OR 47.9 46.1 47.1 1.0 27.2 24.5 25.3 0.8 Philadelphia, PA 110.3 95.5 100.1 4.6 48.6 40.1 42.2 2.1 Pittsburgh, PA 44.7 38.1 38.8 0.7 19.6 15.8 16.5 0.8 Providence, RI 28.4 20.4 21.2 0.7 17.2 9.3 9.9 0.6 Memphis, TN 18.2 15.7 16.2 0.5 8.5 6.5 6.8 0.3 Nashville, TN 35.3 33.2 33.9 0.6 16.2 14.7 14.4-0.3 Austin, TX 44.7 38.6 41.5 2.8 23.1 19.4 21.4 2.0 Dallas, TX 124.4 107.5 110.8 3.3 58.2 47.7 51.0 3.3 Houston, TX 81.6 62.7 64.9 2.2 37.2 27.9 29.8 1.8 San Antonio, TX 32.4 29.5 30.7 1.2 16.0 13.3 14.1 0.8 Salt Lake City, UT 35.4 32.6 32.9 0.3 15.7 13.9 13.9 0.0 Richmond, VA 20.1 19.0 19.4 0.4 9.5 8.8 9.1 0.2 Virginia Beach, VA 22.7 20.4 20.7 0.2 10.5 9.0 9.1 0.1 Seattle-Tacoma, WA 90.7 97.7 101.6 3.9 46.2 42.1 45.3 3.2 Milwaukee, WI 32.7 28.1 28.5 0.4 15.2 11.5 12.4 0.9 1. Total ads are all unduplicated ads appearing during the reference period. This figure includes ads from the previous months that have been reposted as well as new ads. 2. New ads are all unduplicated ads which did not appear during the previous reference period. An online help wanted ad is counted as "New" only in the month it first appears. 3. Metropolitan areas use the 2005 OMB county-based MSA definitions. M-O-M Change (Thousands) M-O-M Change (Thousands) 12
Table 6: MSA Labor Supply /Labor Demand Indicators, Seasonally Adjusted Unemployment Unemployed Total Ads Supply/ Rate 2 (Thousands) (Thousands) Demand Rate 3 Location 4 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Aug-16 Aug-16 Aug-16 Aug-16 Birmingham, AL 3.34 2.49 2.50 4.9 26.6 13.8 1.93 Phoenix, AZ 3.36 3.08 3.16 4.6 102.0 69.2 1.47 Tucson, AZ 3.14 2.52 2.65 4.9 23.2 11.9 1.95 Los Angeles, CA 2.84 2.46 2.51 4.6 312.3 169.1 1.85 Riverside, CA 1.93 1.55 1.60 6.1 121.5 30.8 3.95 Sacramento, CA 2.86 2.53 2.66 5.4 58.3 28.5 2.05 San Diego, CA 3.25 3.08 3.12 4.8 75.7 48.7 1.55 San Francisco, CA 5.00 4.34 4.37 3.9 100.7 116.5 0.86 San Jose, CA 5.52 4.94 5.00 3.9 42.6 54.7 0.78 Denver, CO 5.03 4.60 4.75 3.3 50.5 72.7 0.69 Hartford, CT 5.10 3.99 4.22 5.4 33.5 25.5 1.31 Washington, DC 4.85 4.50 4.65 3.9 127.1 154.0 0.83 Jacksonville, FL 2.78 2.46 2.46 4.4 32.6 17.7 1.85 Miami, FL 2.60 2.28 2.20 4.6 140.7 70.6 1.99 Orlando, FL 2.96 2.56 2.65 4.2 53.1 33.1 1.60 Tampa, FL 3.25 3.15 3.14 4.3 63.8 46.9 1.36 Atlanta, GA 3.65 3.36 3.43 4.8 139.7 95.8 1.46 Honolulu, HI 3.07 2.84 2.91 3.0 14.3 13.7 1.04 Chicago, IL 3.28 2.73 2.82 5.3 264.1 140.4 1.88 Indianapolis, IN 3.24 2.72 2.78 4.2 43.7 29.8 1.47 Louisville, KY 3.85 2.65 2.74 4.2 26.9 18.6 1.45 New Orleans, LA 3.14 2.68 2.77 5.7 34.3 15.9 2.16 Baltimore, MD 3.98 3.46 3.53 4.5 67.3 52.1 1.29 Boston, MA 4.75 4.02 4.12 3.5 92.6 111.8 0.83 Detroit, MI 4.39 3.35 3.50 4.9 101.5 71.2 1.43 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN 4.81 4.59 4.68 3.6 70.9 93.3 0.76 Kansas City, MO 3.59 3.64 3.80 4.5 51.1 41.7 1.22 St. Louis, MO 3.03 3.23 3.32 4.9 73.6 49.4 1.49 Las Vegas, NV 2.82 2.77 2.91 6.0 63.6 29.3 2.17 Buffalo, NY 4.23 2.96 3.10 4.9 27.2 16.7 1.62 New York, NY 3.01 2.65 2.83 5.0 506.8 267.2 1.90 Rochester, NY 3.75 2.63 2.74 4.7 24.2 13.5 1.79 Charlotte, NC 3.17 2.90 2.92 4.5 57.2 35.3 1.62 Cincinnati, OH 3.92 3.23 3.29 4.1 44.3 36.5 1.21 Cleveland, OH 3.83 3.01 3.04 5.1 52.9 31.4 1.68 Columbus, OH 4.07 3.31 3.43 3.8 40.4 34.6 1.17 Oklahoma City, OK 2.60 2.51 2.67 4.4 29.4 16.2 1.81 Portland, OR 3.87 3.58 3.66 5.3 68.6 47.2 1.45 Philadelphia, PA 3.60 3.05 3.20 5.4 169.9 97.6 1.74 Pittsburgh, PA 3.68 3.12 3.17 5.9 72.4 38.7 1.87 Providence, RI 4.18 2.98 3.09 5.4 37.3 21.1 1.77 Memphis, TN 2.97 2.51 2.59 5.3 33.3 15.8 2.10 Nashville, TN 3.77 3.40 3.47 3.6 35.4 32.8 1.08 Austin, TX 4.14 3.47 3.73 3.3 36.4 38.2 0.95 Dallas, TX 3.45 2.89 2.98 3.9 143.7 111.0 1.29 Houston, TX 2.51 1.90 1.96 5.5 181.7 65.3 2.78 San Antonio, TX 2.93 2.63 2.73 3.9 43.3 30.0 1.44 Salt Lake City, UT 5.70 5.17 5.23 3.1 19.6 32.6 0.60 Richmond, VA 3.02 2.84 2.89 4.0 26.6 19.1 1.39 Virginia Beach, VA 2.72 2.47 2.50 4.5 37.5 22.3 1.68 Seattle-Tacoma, WA 4.58 4.81 5.00 4.6 92.9 103.1 0.90 Milwaukee, WI 3.96 3.37 3.41 4.6 38.1 29.1 1.31 Total Ads Rate 1 (Percent) 1. Total ads rate is calculated as a percent of the most currently available BLS civilian labor force data. 2. Unemployment data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics CPS and LAUS programs. 3. Supply/Demand rate is the number of Unemployed persons divided by the number of total ads and reflects the latest month for which unemployment data is available. 4. The Conference Board uses the OMB county-based MSA definitions for its data whereas the Bureau of Labor Statistics uses the OMB alternative NECTA (New England City and Town Areas) MSA definition. This will result in small comparison differences for some metropolitan areas in New England states. 13
Table 7: National Labor Supply/Labor Demand by Occupation 1, Seasonally Adjusted Total Ads M-O-M Change Unemployed 4 Supply/ (Thousands) (Thousands) Demand Rate 5 SOC 2 Occupation 3 Oct-15 Sep-16 Oct-16 Oct-Sep 16 Sep-16 Sep-16 Wage 6 Total 5,389.5 4,722.3 4,838.4 116.1 7,939.0 1.68 $23.23 11 Management 457.1 414.8 423.6 8.8 516.0 1.24 $55.30 13 Business and financial operations 322.4 283.0 291.8 8.8 210.6 0.74 $35.48 15 Computer and mathematical science 571.4 517.4 528.8 11.4 123.1 0.24 $41.43 17 Architecture and engineering 163.7 134.9 142.9 8.0 70.0 0.52 $39.89 19 Life, physical, and social science 57.0 56.7 57.9 1.3 5.3 0.09 $34.24 21 Community and social services 97.6 93.8 93.6-0.1 71.4 0.76 $22.19 23 Legal 26.0 22.9 22.9 0.0 33.9 1.48 $49.74 25 Education, training, and library 155.7 157.0 159.9 2.8 269.1 1.71 $25.48 27 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media 123.3 106.9 107.0 0.1 185.1 1.73 $27.39 29 Healthcare practitioners and technical 641.2 619.6 631.9 12.3 170.6 0.28 $37.40 31 Healthcare support 134.3 120.8 121.0 0.2 212.4 1.76 $14.19 33 Protective service 57.3 55.6 59.1 3.6 98.1 1.77 $21.45 35 Food preparation and serving related 247.5 241.2 245.3 4.1 641.1 2.66 $10.98 37 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 116.5 108.6 112.0 3.3 424.2 3.91 $13.02 39 Personal care and service 77.8 67.7 66.8-0.9 327.3 4.83 $12.33 41 Sales and related 571.2 465.2 486.1 20.8 846.7 1.82 $18.90 43 Office and administrative support 584.0 499.0 508.0 9.0 735.5 1.47 $17.47 45 Farming, fishing, and forestry 8.8 8.3 7.9-0.5 138.4 16.59 $12.67 47 Construction and extraction 144.9 114.7 120.3 5.6 571.8 4.98 $22.88 49 Installation, maintenance, and repair 230.1 191.2 203.4 12.2 182.0 0.95 $22.11 51 Production 160.0 130.1 133.6 3.6 609.3 4.69 $17.41 53 Transportation and material moving 456.1 305.6 333.5 28.0 677.5 2.22 $16.90 1. All ads are coded to the 6-digit SOC level. 2. Standard Occupational Classification code (SOC) 3. Occupational categories use the 2010 OMB Standard Occupational Classification system (SOC definitions). 4. Unemployment data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' Current Population Survey and seasonally adjusted by The Conference Board. 5. Supply/Demand rate is the number of Unemployed persons divided by the number of total ads and reflects the latest month for which unemployment data is available. 6. Wage data are from the BLS Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program's May 2015 estimates. (Thousands) Average Hourly 14
Table 8: State Occupational Demand and Pay 1, Not Seasonally Adjusted Management and Business/Financial Professional & Related Service Total Ads Average Hourly Total Ads Average Hourly Total Ads Average Hourly Location Oct-16 Wage 2 Oct-16 Wage 2 Oct-16 Wage 2 United States 714,475 $45.32 1,755,300 $33.32 602,710 $13.17 Alabama 5,119 $43.06 16,181 $30.21 5,080 $11.32 Alaska 1,396 $45.48 6,015 $36.72 1,833 $16.14 Arizona 13,357 $40.27 35,534 $30.99 13,762 $13.21 Arkansas 2,878 $36.04 8,604 $19.92 3,288 $10.80 California 91,344 $50.39 218,677 $39.46 69,557 $14.95 Colorado 16,385 $45.28 42,117 $34.50 19,439 $13.40 Connecticut 11,157 $51.72 27,221 $35.98 5,781 $15.00 Delaware 3,240 $47.97 6,595 $28.31 1,612 $13.13 Florida 32,211 $41.26 77,885 $30.57 36,949 $12.83 Georgia 24,458 $43.92 55,811 $31.10 15,355 $11.62 Hawaii 2,217 $39.04 5,222 $32.01 4,224 $15.23 Idaho 2,373 $35.80 7,233 $27.03 3,510 $11.72 Illinois 33,089 $44.54 64,110 $32.77 18,494 $13.81 Indiana 9,008 $13.89 25,433 $28.96 10,322 $11.65 Iowa 6,544 $36.93 18,976 $27.80 7,327 $11.89 Kansas 4,932 $39.68 13,566 $27.98 4,881 $11.81 Kentucky 5,324 $37.05 15,541 $28.30 5,543 $11.33 Louisiana 5,272 $38.02 13,392 $27.97 6,661 $11.08 Maine 1,677 $37.77 6,642 $29.76 2,529 $12.50 Maryland 15,820 $47.92 45,449 $37.33 10,858 $14.16 Massachusetts 25,302 $51.39 59,054 $37.75 16,452 $15.50 Michigan 18,980 $42.47 56,992 $27.95 19,495 $12.57 Minnesota 19,681 $43.99 47,310 $32.65 17,774 $12.99 Mississippi 2,651 $35.20 7,412 $26.15 3,733 $10.78 Missouri 13,662 $41.02 38,062 $29.30 13,529 $11.73 Montana 1,622 $33.63 6,056 $26.68 3,362 $11.95 Nebraska 3,838 $39.58 11,453 $28.05 3,990 $12.16 Nevada 5,852 $40.30 13,675 $32.48 8,436 $13.63 New Hampshire 2,434 $30.34 9,107 $32.67 3,252 $13.43 New Jersey 27,181 $52.77 56,129 $36.62 16,229 $15.27 New Mexico 2,754 $37.70 11,818 $30.86 3,037 $11.95 New York 57,751 $55.65 104,749 $37.08 33,153 $15.26 North Carolina 18,346 $45.27 49,225 $30.67 15,233 $11.57 North Dakota 1,672 $38.87 5,243 $28.15 1,922 $13.19 Ohio 23,058 $40.65 53,285 $31.09 21,261 $12.26 Oklahoma 3,972 $38.07 13,320 $26.84 4,871 $11.54 Oregon 8,713 $40.91 25,655 $33.47 10,998 $13.69 Pennsylvania 29,031 $44.43 67,704 $31.75 26,451 $12.69 Rhode Island 2,335 $47.63 5,608 $34.98 1,822 $13.98 South Carolina 6,356 $37.88 21,071 $28.93 7,496 $11.32 South Dakota 1,838 $36.83 5,256 $26.01 2,795 $11.60 Tennessee 10,958 $38.77 26,160 $28.38 10,202 $11.44 Texas 48,012 $20.04 117,025 $32.77 40,341 $12.14 Utah 6,218 $38.05 16,630 $29.58 8,701 $12.01 Vermont 1,234 $39.05 4,338 $28.98 1,825 $14.28 Virginia 24,487 $48.22 69,123 $35.59 15,903 $6.94 Washington 25,016 $45.51 61,235 $36.48 19,074 $15.35 West Virginia 1,790 $35.06 6,694 $27.16 2,313 $11.26 Wisconsin 12,984 $39.21 31,233 $29.80 13,846 $12.12 Wyoming 773 $40.26 2,813 $28.38 794 $12.97 1. The six occupational categories in tables 8 and 9 are the SOC manual's Intermediate and High-Level Aggregations. 2. Wage data are from the BLS Occupational Employment Statistics program's May 2015 estimates. The OES major occupational group wage data has been weighted to form the higher level aggregates. 15
Table 8: State Occupational Demand and Pay, Not Seasonally Adjusted - continued Sales and Office Construction and Maintenance Production and Transportation Total Ads Average Hourly Total Ads Average Hourly Total Ads Average Hourly Location Oct-16 Wage 1 Oct-16 Wage 1 Oct-16 Wage 1 United States 1,046,753 $18.04 338,385 $22.10 485,972 $17.15 Alabama 10,251 $15.73 4,244 $20.16 7,068 $15.97 Alaska 2,352 $19.28 1,031 $29.93 757 $23.82 Arizona 22,933 $17.13 7,032 $20.18 7,794 $17.00 Arkansas 6,250 $14.98 2,279 $8.63 4,406 $15.28 California 123,019 $19.64 29,560 $23.11 41,156 $17.17 Colorado 26,504 $19.25 10,710 $22.14 11,120 $18.41 Connecticut 14,246 $20.62 3,336 $24.87 5,298 $18.74 Delaware 3,249 $17.99 1,034 $23.23 1,372 $16.86 Florida 59,647 $16.80 23,145 $18.68 18,315 $15.57 Georgia 30,824 $17.15 10,815 $19.71 16,914 $15.93 Hawaii 5,556 $17.47 1,562 $27.49 1,573 $20.18 Idaho 5,259 $15.78 2,345 $19.26 3,415 $16.25 Illinois 38,924 $18.64 9,338 $25.95 19,764 $17.54 Indiana 17,722 $16.60 5,982 $22.24 13,628 $16.71 Iowa 13,032 $16.26 5,556 $20.73 9,481 $16.35 Kansas 9,385 $16.78 3,633 $20.93 5,472 $17.30 Kentucky 10,937 $15.84 3,299 $20.55 7,817 $16.79 Louisiana 10,580 $15.19 5,034 $20.38 5,707 $19.39 Maine 3,504 $16.01 1,122 $20.30 1,687 $16.92 Maryland 19,934 $18.75 6,666 $23.10 7,654 $18.04 Massachusetts 27,917 $20.96 7,165 $27.04 10,860 $18.38 Michigan 31,702 $17.40 11,254 $22.30 18,784 $17.20 Minnesota 29,936 $18.96 8,553 $24.24 15,552 $17.81 Mississippi 6,149 $14.58 2,599 $18.52 4,422 $15.71 Missouri 21,791 $16.61 7,569 $22.16 12,194 $16.59 Montana 4,374 $15.77 2,307 $21.67 2,478 $17.96 Nebraska 7,069 $16.39 3,049 $20.12 3,863 $16.87 Nevada 11,394 $16.52 3,418 $23.60 4,315 $17.08 New Hampshire 5,589 $18.69 1,596 $22.48 2,765 $17.35 New Jersey 32,070 $19.67 7,797 $26.16 12,150 $17.16 New Mexico 4,567 $15.52 1,823 $19.80 2,142 $17.46 New York 65,537 $21.27 14,279 $26.98 18,735 $18.58 North Carolina 24,386 $17.25 10,756 $19.49 13,148 $15.58 North Dakota 3,754 $17.51 2,123 $16.46 2,412 $21.07 Ohio 41,716 $17.14 12,300 $21.62 23,980 $16.78 Oklahoma 8,793 $15.94 3,752 $19.79 4,965 $17.18 Oregon 16,430 $17.63 5,866 $22.41 8,252 $17.22 Pennsylvania 45,082 $17.84 12,805 $22.45 23,208 $17.40 Rhode Island 3,140 $19.26 906 $23.27 1,651 $17.29 South Carolina 11,908 $15.66 5,806 $19.34 7,223 $16.44 South Dakota 4,267 $15.62 1,866 $18.98 2,545 $15.46 Tennessee 18,789 $16.28 6,313 $19.75 11,785 $15.77 Texas 72,276 $18.03 26,281 $20.38 32,158 $17.53 Utah 15,358 $16.82 5,425 $20.70 6,854 $17.02 Vermont 2,045 $17.81 642 $20.97 1,124 $17.88 Virginia 26,253 $18.01 8,623 $21.34 10,013 $17.45 Washington 30,630 $19.31 11,034 $25.20 13,955 $19.72 West Virginia 4,547 $14.35 1,605 $20.06 2,966 $16.95 Wisconsin 23,342 $17.49 8,144 $22.63 16,316 $16.93 Wyoming 1,123 $16.72 874 $24.30 872 $22.13 1. Wage data are from the BLS Occupational Employment Statistics program's May 2015 estimates. The OES major occupational group wage data has been weighted to form the higher level aggregates. 16
Table 9: MSA Occupational Demand and Pay 1, Not Seasonally Adjusted Management and Business/Financial Professional & Related Service Total Ads Average Hourly Total Ads Average Hourly Total Ads Average Hourly Location Oct-16 Wage 2* Oct-16 Wage 2* Oct-16 Wage 2* United States 714,475 $45.32 1,755,300 $33.32 602,710 $13.17 Birmingham, AL 1,734 $28.19 4,828 $31.89 1,551 $11.73 Phoenix, AZ 10,559 $41.47 23,234 $31.91 9,356 $13.16 Tucson, AZ 1,323 $36.83 4,971 $29.30 1,848 $13.01 Los Angeles, CA 30,177 $49.28 61,268 $38.67 20,649 $14.65 Riverside, CA 3,581 $42.16 10,635 $32.88 4,698 $13.81 Sacramento, CA 4,448 $42.06 10,561 $37.37 3,570 $14.72 San Diego, CA 7,365 $48.29 19,075 $38.18 6,504 $14.94 San Francisco, CA 23,430 $57.45 44,116 $43.86 13,192 $16.29 San Jose, CA 9,966 $65.23 27,585 $51.90 4,349 $15.68 Denver, CO 11,671 $47.15 24,885 $36.52 10,443 $13.42 Hartford, CT 4,673 $48.92 10,975 $35.85 1,899 $14.68 Washington, DC 31,383 $53.56 73,456 $42.88 14,732 $15.28 Jacksonville, FL 2,770 $40.47 5,402 $30.04 2,168 $12.40 Miami, FL 10,426 $44.27 19,552 $32.14 10,505 $13.51 Orlando, FL 4,505 $40.39 9,485 $30.28 4,964 $12.44 Tampa, FL 6,883 $41.26 16,505 $29.73 6,214 $12.46 Atlanta, GA 19,282 $46.31 38,121 $33.18 9,359 $11.94 Honolulu, HI 1,639 $39.84 3,319 $32.45 2,807 $14.80 Chicago, IL 28,817 $46.41 48,063 $33.83 14,671 $13.97 Indianapolis, IN 4,423 $39.82 9,209 $31.60 3,453 $12.02 Louisville, KY 2,558 $38.74 5,124 $29.97 2,277 $11.75 New Orleans, LA 2,060 $39.58 5,028 $26.22 3,170 $11.46 Baltimore, MD 7,991 $46.68 23,446 $36.36 5,377 $14.11 Boston, MA 21,571 $53.26 44,697 $38.65 12,318 $15.78 Detroit, MI 10,683 $45.34 30,072 $32.81 7,869 $12.54 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN 16,156 $46.10 32,967 $34.49 11,402 $13.31 Kansas City, MO 6,122 $42.72 14,492 $31.02 5,237 $10.61 St. Louis, MO 7,777 $43.72 20,108 $30.98 6,084 $12.18 Las Vegas, NV 4,267 $40.30 9,273 $32.90 6,023 $13.89 Buffalo, NY 2,240 $41.51 5,281 $27.77 2,061 $13.35 New York, NY 64,199 $58.29 105,351 $39.15 29,922 $15.73 Rochester, NY 1,822 $44.10 4,916 $30.83 1,804 $13.49 Charlotte, NC 7,042 $47.35 13,398 $31.97 3,794 $11.91 Cincinnati, OH 5,942 $41.94 10,827 $32.20 4,311 $12.24 Cleveland, OH 5,102 $41.97 10,125 $32.14 4,019 $12.61 Columbus, OH 5,478 $41.56 11,369 $32.66 4,327 $12.80 Oklahoma City, OK 2,056 $38.79 6,405 $29.23 2,133 $12.14 Portland, OR 6,644 $43.82 15,538 $35.12 6,625 $14.15 Philadelphia, PA 18,936 $48.85 36,550 $34.64 11,235 $13.58 Pittsburgh, PA 6,410 $43.12 13,346 $31.18 5,608 $12.32 Providence, RI 2,971 $46.54 7,743 $34.20 2,655 $13.95 Memphis, TN 2,443 $39.68 5,053 $29.67 1,911 $11.65 Nashville, TN 5,477 $40.65 10,538 $29.64 4,256 $11.81 Austin, TX 6,124 $44.61 15,396 $33.40 5,344 $12.73 Dallas, TX 19,680 $47.46 39,177 $34.32 11,933 $12.64 Houston, TX 10,520 $51.50 21,481 $36.65 7,176 $9.76 San Antonio, TX 4,130 $42.18 10,760 $31.18 4,460 $11.92 Salt Lake City, UT 4,167 $40.39 9,745 $32.34 5,055 $12.43 Richmond, VA 3,060 $43.37 8,133 $31.66 2,072 $12.67 Virginia Beach, VA 2,740 $42.14 7,844 $31.60 2,523 $12.55 Seattle-Tacoma, WA 18,826 $48.11 40,368 $39.72 11,128 $15.93 Milwaukee, WI 5,017 $43.80 9,507 $32.16 3,630 $12.08 1.The six occupational categories in tables 8 and 9 are the SOC manual's Intermediate and High-Level Aggregations. 2. Wage data are from the BLS OES program' s May 2015 estimates. The OES major occupational group wage data has been weighted to form the higher level aggregates. * indicates that a wage estimate either is not available or is greater than $90.00 per hour or $187,200 per year 17
Table 9: MSA Occupational Demand and Pay, Not Seasonally Adjusted - continued Sales and Office Construction and Maintenance Production and Transportation Total Ads Average Hourly Total Ads Average Hourly Total Ads Average Hourly Location Oct-16 Wage 2* Oct-16 Wage 2* Oct-16 Wage 2* United States 1,046,753 $18.04 338,385 $22.10 485,972 $17.15 Birmingham, AL 3,392 $17.61 988 $21.18 1,454 $16.31 Phoenix, AZ 17,214 $17.70 4,742 $20.87 5,269 $17.24 Tucson, AZ 2,712 $16.06 996 $20.43 809 $15.62 Los Angeles, CA 41,888 $19.45 7,815 $24.84 12,031 $16.33 Riverside, CA 8,448 $17.19 2,313 $22.99 3,891 $16.51 Sacramento, CA 6,650 $18.97 2,032 $24.61 2,422 $17.54 San Diego, CA 11,306 $11.15 2,780 $24.28 2,775 $16.77 San Francisco, CA 22,540 $23.27 5,054 $30.08 6,922 $20.79 San Jose, CA 8,192 $24.34 1,790 $28.02 2,222 $18.62 Denver, CO 16,188 $20.34 5,670 $22.79 5,758 $18.97 Hartford, CT 5,504 $20.53 1,414 $24.58 2,229 $18.86 Washington, DC 24,539 $20.55 6,734 $23.98 5,974 $19.43 Jacksonville, FL 4,485 $17.02 1,838 $19.40 1,682 $16.64 Miami, FL 18,792 $17.61 4,849 $19.54 4,046 $15.72 Orlando, FL 8,213 $16.39 3,181 $18.90 2,431 $15.65 Tampa, FL 10,322 $17.48 4,284 $18.27 3,181 $15.33 Atlanta, GA 20,718 $18.50 5,950 $20.62 8,241 $16.49 Honolulu, HI 4,114 $17.70 1,171 $28.41 1,226 $21.13 Chicago, IL 31,730 $19.33 6,776 $27.32 13,211 $17.66 Indianapolis, IN 7,498 $18.18 2,168 $22.50 3,948 $16.32 Louisville, KY 4,504 $17.23 1,291 $21.48 2,603 $17.95 New Orleans, LA 3,921 $16.21 1,477 $20.76 1,445 $19.87 Baltimore, MD 9,888 $18.96 3,306 $22.86 3,915 $18.37 Boston, MA 21,922 $21.96 4,982 $27.96 7,508 $18.69 Detroit, MI 14,172 $18.38 4,495 $23.94 6,852 $18.43 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN 21,533 $20.37 4,943 $25.74 9,479 $18.30 Kansas City, MO 10,016 $17.96 3,239 $22.99 5,018 $17.57 St. Louis, MO 10,646 $18.03 2,785 $24.76 4,412 $17.53 Las Vegas, NV 7,975 $16.37 1,890 $23.47 2,076 $16.77 Buffalo, NY 4,778 $17.57 1,235 $22.54 1,781 $17.56 New York, NY 61,643 $21.95 10,987 $28.39 14,966 $18.39 Rochester, NY 3,539 $18.15 1,039 $11.46 1,498 $16.87 Charlotte, NC 7,195 $19.06 2,618 $20.27 3,416 $16.76 Cincinnati, OH 9,141 $18.25 2,475 $21.62 4,789 $17.21 Cleveland, OH 7,689 $18.38 2,119 $22.86 3,281 $17.13 Columbus, OH 9,102 $6.54 2,555 $21.98 4,605 $16.47 Oklahoma City, OK 4,109 $16.90 1,639 $20.40 1,843 $16.33 Portland, OR 10,951 $18.99 3,350 $24.28 4,903 $17.94 Philadelphia, PA 22,202 $19.49 5,434 $25.25 7,490 $18.01 Pittsburgh, PA 9,631 $17.57 2,396 $22.32 3,714 $17.56 Providence, RI 4,690 $18.51 1,330 $23.45 2,326 $17.10 Memphis, TN 3,563 $17.02 1,230 $19.98 2,396 $15.95 Nashville, TN 8,217 $17.54 2,355 $20.68 4,014 $16.66 Austin, TX 8,467 $19.00 2,856 $19.22 2,578 $15.71 Dallas, TX 24,349 $19.28 7,345 $20.36 9,782 $17.01 Houston, TX 15,134 $19.61 5,104 $21.97 5,280 $19.50 San Antonio, TX 6,595 $17.03 2,691 $19.42 2,847 $15.64 Salt Lake City, UT 9,252 $18.03 2,734 $21.42 3,406 $17.21 Richmond, VA 3,889 $18.31 1,594 $21.12 1,653 $16.92 Virginia Beach, VA 4,633 $16.40 1,987 $20.89 1,808 $17.86 Seattle-Tacoma, WA 19,681 $20.54 5,876 $26.92 7,599 $20.75 Milwaukee, WI 6,525 $19.44 1,869 $24.36 3,618 $17.36 1. Wage data are from the BLS OES program' s May 2015 estimates. The OES major occupational group wage data has been weighted to form the higher level aggregates. * indicates that a wage estimate either is not available or is greater than $90.00 per hour or $187,200 per year 18
The Conference Board 2016. All data contained in this press release are protected by United States and international copyright laws. The data displayed are provided for informational purposes only and may only be accessed, reviewed, and/or used in accordance with, and the permission of, The Conference Board consistent with a subscriber or license agreement and the Terms of Use displayed on our website at www.conference-board.org. The data and analysis contained herein may not be used, redistributed, published, or posted by any means without express written permission from The Conference Board. COPYRIGHT TERMS OF USE. All material in this press release and on Our Sites is protected by United States and international copyright laws. You must abide by all copyright notices and restrictions contained in Our Sites. You may not reproduce, distribute (in any form including over any local area or other network or service), display, perform, create derivative works of, sell, license, extract for use in a database, or otherwise use any materials (including computer programs and other code) in this press release or on Our Sites (collectively, Site Material ), except that you may download Site Material in the form of one machine-readable copy that you will use only for personal, noncommercial purposes, and only if you do not alter Site Material or remove any trademark, copyright or other notice displayed on the Site Material. If you are a subscriber to any of the services offered on Our Sites, you may be permitted to use Site Material, according to the terms of your subscription agreement. TRADEMARKS. THE CONFERENCE BOARD, the TORCH LOGO, THE CONFERENCE BOARD HELP WANTED ONLINE, and any other logos, indicia and trademarks featured in this press release or on Our Sites are trademarks owned by The Conference Board, Inc. in the United States and other countries ( Our Trademarks ). You may not use Our Trademarks in connection with any product or service that does not belong to us nor in any manner that is likely to cause confusion among users about whether The Conference Board is the source, sponsor, or endorser of the product or service, nor in any manner that disparages or discredits us. Violators of these rights will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. Nothing herein shall restrict the use of the information by news journalists using the information in a legitimate news publication or periodical. 19