Project Cycle Management APPLIED Marta Moroni Novembre 2017
Introduction To the teacher To the course components To the key concepts of the course
About Marta Moroni With an advanced degree on Education and Social Sciences from the University of Bologna, I have 15 years experience with development organizations (United Nations, NGOs, Governments, PEPFAR) in Programme management, Strategic Planning, Monitoring & Evaluation, and Research. I started as a volunteer, working with street children and within education programme in Brazil and Suriname, then continued working with UNICEF and EGPAF in Tanzania and Kenya for almost 10 years, mostly on health, education and HIV/AIDS programmes I m currently based in Italy conducing consultancy for NGOs, mostly in eastern/southern Africa, providing technical support to do impact evaluations, strengthen M&E systems, and conduct training and capacity building
What about you? Do you have any experience in this field? Do you have experiences as a volunteer, a proposal writer, a project manager, or a project evaluator? What are in your opinion the necessary competencies to cover these positions?
Overview of this PCM course Complementarity with Project Cycle Management- Theory (how many people attended?) 20 hours in 5 lessons Project cycle- applied Applied to what? Development cooperation & Strategic Planning
Overview of this PCM course Project cycle Development cooperation Strategic Planning Key components: 1. Whom/what is the organization and project for? 2. Where do we want to go? 3. How can we get there? 4. How do we know we are getting there?
Course methodology Lectures/ presentations Review of examples and projects Sharing of experiences Practical exercises for the attending students: - Work on small groups - Each group develops a project idea - During each lesson a component of the project will be developed - The final project will be submitted before the exam
A basic PM bibliography Project Cycle Management Guidelines, European Commission, March 2004 http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/infopoint/publications/ index_en.htm Communication and visibility manual, European Commission, July 2009 http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/work/visibility/index_en.htm Specific extra material and web-sites/links will be suggested during each lesson
Summary of lesson 1 1. Project cycle (Project cycle phases, Key activities: Proposal writing, Project management, Project Evaluation) 2. Development cooperation (Definition/scope, Human rights-based approach, Key funding mechanisms and instruments)
1. Project Cycle What is it?
What is a project? A project is a series of activities aimed at bringing about clearly specified objectives within a defined time-period and with a defined budget p.8 of the Project Cycle Management Guidelines Objectives, purposes and expected results; Limited time and Budget; Partnership; Planning before acting.
Project and Programme These are basic definitions and differences although in the reality they are often used as synonymous A project is usually a single effort of defined duration, like a team working towards a common goal A program is a collection of projects, together all the projects form a cohesive package of work Programs usually have a longer duration and aim at achieving a higher level of results
What is the project cycle management? Project Cycle Management is a term used to describe the management activities and decision-making procedures used during the life-cycle of a project p.17 of the Project Cycle Management Guidelines
Project Management flow and activities Project identification Setup & Planning Implementation Close- Out Ini$a$on Kick off & planning Implementa$on Close out - Problem iden-fica-on - Problem analysis - Project iden-fica-on - Project development - M&E plan and budget development - Work-Planning (ac-vi-es -meframe) - Develop M&E tools (indicators, data collec-on tools, quality standards, etc) - Establish baseline for Project indicators - Review project targets based on baseline - Define accountability mechanism for project beneficiaries - Define learning agenda and mechanisms - Implement ac-vi-es - Ensure data collec-on according to the M&E plan - Track indicators and program progress - Ensure beneficiaries have access to accountability mechanism - Hold periodic reviews mee-ng to discuss progress and learning - Final Project evalua-on - Closing of project (handover, etc) - Post-project learning
Project cycle management - continued In the next lessons we will analyse each phase of Project Cycle through the Strategic Planning approach and the use of Logical Framework Let s now look at 3 key activities of the project cycle that also reflect 3 key positions existing in all organisations working on a project basis, so this can be useful in your future professional life: - Proposal writing - Project management - Project evaluation
Proposal writing Analysing the funding programme/tender/call for proposal Identifying the project idea Creating the network of partners Elaborating the proposal (Logical Framework, Action-Plan and Budget) Checking the formal completeness of the proposal Managing the proposal writing team and ensure that the proposal is submitted according to requirements
Project Management Programming overall project (operational, administrative and financial) Creating and empowering the project team Coordinating the network of partners Supervising the implementation of the activities and involvement of beneficiaries Monitoring the project progress and improving quality of programme Developing and sending the technical and financial reports to donors and partners
Project Evaluation Agree focus with beneficiaries, partners and donors Identify evaluation questions Develop methodology to collect data for key log-frame indicators and the evaluation questions Develop tools, conduct/supervise data collection, data analysis, report writing Present results /information sharing at different levels
2. International development cooperation What is it?
Development cooperation Definition/scope of development cooperation Human rights-based approach Key DC funding mechanisms and instruments: - European Union and European Commission - Country development agencies - Private donors and foundations - United Nations - Website for tender advertisements
Development Cooperation: purpose 1. Supporting developing countries for the provision of universal social basic standards (Financial support) 2. Promoting higher levels of income and wellbeing in developing countries (Capacity building support) 3. Supporting developing countries efforts to participate actively in the provision of international public goods (Policy support)
Development cooperation: criteria Support national or international development priorities Is not driven by profit Discriminates in favour of developing countries Is based on cooperative relationships to enhance ownership
Development cooperation: principles Key values and principles guiding DC: Human rights Participation Accountability
Human rights-based approach The UN Reform that was launched in 1997 adopted a human rights-based approach to their development cooperation The Interagency Workshop on Human Rights based Approach in 2003 defined the UN agencies Common Understanding: 1. All programmes of development co-operation, policies and technical assistance should further the realisation of human rights 2. Human rights standards contained in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights guide all development cooperation and programming in all sectors and in all phases of the programming process 3. Development cooperation contributes to the development of the capacities of duty-bearers to meet their obligations and/or of rights-holders to claim their rights
Human rights-based approach What does it mean? Human rights principles must guide all programming in all phases of the programming process, including assessment and analysis, programme planning and design (including setting of goals, objectives and strategies); implementation, monitoring and evaluation Among these human rights, key principles are: Universality and inalienability of rights Non-discrimination and equality (gender, religion, culture, etc.) Participation and inclusion Accountability
Human rights-based approach 1. People are recognized as key actors in their own development, rather than passive recipients of commodities and services. 2. Participation is both a means and a goal. 3. Strategies are empowering, not disempowering. 4. Both outcomes and processes are monitored and evaluated. 5. Analysis includes all stakeholders. 6. Programmes focus on marginalized, disadvantaged, and excluded groups. 7. The development process is locally owned. 8. Programmes aim to reduce disparity. 9. Both top-down and bottom-up approaches are used in synergy. 10. Situation analysis is used to identify immediate, underlying, and basic causes of development problems. 11. Measurable goals and targets are important in programming. 12. Strategic partnerships are developed and sustained. 13. Programmes support accountability to all stakeholders.
European Union and European Commission Funding Mechanisms Instruments and Programmes
EU EC Types of financial support Grants: direct financial contributions to organizations/ projects through calls for proposals Contracts: awarded through tendering procedures to purchase services, supplies or works Budget support: to finance partner countries development strategies (financial transfers, policy dialogue and assessment of the use of funds) Sector support: target specific sectors in partner countries (sector budget support, grant and contract funding, or common basket funding )
EU Instruments/Programmes Thematic or Geographic funds Grants disbursed through different programmes: - Pan-African programme - European Development Fund (EDF) - Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance II (IPA) - European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENI) - The European Commission's Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection department (ECHO)
Procurement / grant award Direct management: EU in charge of all budget and implementation tasks, performed directly by its departments at HQ or in EU delegations or through European executive agencies. Indirect management: EU delegate budget tasks to partner countries, international organisations, development agencies of EU Members (using ex-ante or ex-post control) Shared management: EC delegates implementation tasks to EU Member States, e.g. in programmes on cross-border cooperation implemented by a joint managing authority (European Neighbourhood Instrument, ENI, or the Pre-accession Assistance, IPA II).
Framework Contracts Used for award of services from E20 000 to E300,000 Quick and transparent way to recruit experts for services within the project cycle Divided thematic lots: Lot 1: Rural development and food security Lot 2: Transport and Infrastructures Lot 3: Telecommunications and information technologies Lot 4: Energy and nuclear safety Lot 5: Conferences Lot 6: Environment Lot 7: Governance and Home Affairs Lot 8: Health Lot 9: Culture, Education, Employment and Social Lot 10: Trade, Standards and Private sector Lot 11: Macro economy, Statistics and Public finance management Lot 12: Humanitarian Aid, Crisis and Post-Crisis assistance
Other Donors Country development agencies e.g: GIZ, Italian Cooperation, DANIDA, DFID, UKAID, SDC, Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) and Danish Refugee Council (DRC) Private donors and foundations e.g: CIFF - The Children's Investment Fund Foundation, Aga Khan Foundation, Shell, Elton John, Bill and Melinda Gates, Johnson and Johnson Foundations United Nations Agencies e.g: UNICEF, UNDP, UNECA, UNECE, UNEP International NGOs (Save the Children, Plan, Emergency..)
Tender Mechanisms Development agencies, NGOs, private donors have their own websites to advertise Calls for Proposals, Tenders and Grants for project proposal, project implementation, evaluation, research and other services Most agencies have rosters of consultants and firm Vacancies for international jobs and tenders of all United Nations agencies are in the UN Careers Portal Key websites compile all agencies and private donors calls for proposals, tenders and needs for experts, it s possible to subscribe to get notifications on categories/ geographic areas
Exercise - homework Review the Call for Proposal/Terms of Reference provided in the folder Examples of calls for proposals in the UNIMC page of the teacher Identify: 1. Type of call (evaluation; project proposal, etc.) 2. Characteristics/key components of the Call/ToR Draft the structure/key components of the proposal and add basic information
Some extra reading on todays topics http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/newfunct/ pdf15/2016_dcf_policy_brief_no.1.pdf http://hrbaportal.org https://www.unicef.org/policyanalysis/rights/ index_62012.html
For doubts and questions: - You can stop me after lessons - You can write me at marmoroni.mm@gmail.com
Thank you!!!