Haridus- ja Teadusministeerium R&D in Estonia brief overview 2006 Mõningaid andmeid T&A kohta (2004) n R&D expenditure: GERD (% GDP): 0.91 1.5 (2006) BERD (% GERD): 39 n Financing: 44 % (Gov), 36 % (Enterprise sector), 17 % (Abroad) n Number of researchers (FTE per 1000 workforce): 5,0 Eesti Statistikaameti esialgsed andmed 2 Gross domestic expenditure on R&D as a percentage of GDP, 2003 Sweden (2001) Finland Germany France Austria EU 15 (2002) EU 25 (2002) Slovenia Czech Republic Ireland Hungary Estonia Portugal Estonia (2002) Lithuania Greece (2001) Poland Latvia Cyprus 1,53 1,35 1,12 0,97 0,83 0,79 0,75 0,68 0,64 0,59 0,39 0,33 2,50 2,19 2,19 1,99 1,93 3,51 4,27 0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 3,00 3,50 4,00 4,50 Source: Eurostat: Statistics in Focus, Key Figures 2003-2004 3 1
R&D Structure in Estonia RIIGIKOGU (Parliament) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL (TAN) GOVERNMENT COMPETITIVNESS COUNCIL OF MINISTERS RESEARCH POLICY COMMISSION RESEARCH COMPETENCY COUNCIL MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND RESEARCH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MINISTRY OF INNOVATION COMMUNICATION POLICY AND ECONOMY COMMISSION ESTONIAN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION AGENCY (ESTAG) OTHER MINISTRIES RIIGIKOGU (Parliament) UNIVERSITIES PUBLIC R&D INSTITUTION S STATE R&D PRIVATE R&D GOVERNMENT State agencies private public RESEARCH COMPETENCY COUNCIL MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND RESEARCH MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION AND ECONOMY OTHER MINISTRIES ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 4 ESTONIAN SCIENCE FOUNDATION TECHNOLOGY AGENCY (ESTAG) UNIVERSITIES PUBLIC R&D STATE R&D PRIVATE R&D State agencies private public R&D Council n Strategy advisory body for the Government in the entire field of R&D&I n Chaired by the Prime Minister n 12 members, confirmed by the government, for three years 5 The Ministry of Education and Responsible for the planning, coordination, execution and surveillance of research and education policy Advised by the Science Competence Council, Policy Council and by the Estonian Academy of Sciences Assisted by the Archimedes Foundation which acts as the NCP for the EU FP, organizes evaluation of research and higher education etc. 6 2
The Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communication n Responsible for the planning, coordination, execution and surveillance of innovation policy n Advised by Innovation Policy Council n Assisted by the Enterprise Estonia 7 R&D financing system in Estonia Ministry of Education and Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications Other Ministries Competency Council Estonian Science Foundation Estonian Technology Agency Institutional Target Financing Basic financing Financing of Infrastructures Grant Financing & product development projects Technology programs in priority areas National R&D Programmes Universities Institutes Institutes Labs of Private Business Sector State Bodies Public Institutions Private Organizations 8 Targeted financing n The aim is to ensure a competitive basic structure for scientific research and the continuity of research necessary for Estonia on the competitive bases n Financial means are planned for developing new research areas and to obtain the information resources needed for research n Science Competence Council makes recommendations to the Minister of Educations and 9 3
Targeted Financing by Areas in Years 2004 and 2005 Humanities 9,9 9,8 Social Sciences Agricultural Sciences 6,1 6,3 6,6 6,9 2005 2004 Medical Sciences 13,3 13,1 Technical Sciences Environmental Sciences 18,4 17,9 18,1 18,4 Molecular Biology & Chemistry 12 13,3 Exact Sciences 14,4 15,7 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Financing (% from total) R&D grants n The purpose is primarily to support high-level initiative research, new ideas and studies n Financed by the Estonian Science Foundation from the Ministry of Education and `s budget n Special founds for young researchers and post doctors 11 Basic Financing n The purpose is financing R&D institutions on the basis of their research quality n Primarily to support the development and initiative research of R&D institutions; for co-financing of cooperation projects, international and local, incl cooperation projects between the academia and industry n No special guidelines for spending, the directors of research institutions are responsible n New instrument, introduced in 2005 12 4
Support schemes for innovation n The purpose is to raise the competitiveness of enterprises by developing and applying new technologies n Oriented to product development in enterprises, research with market potential undertaken in R&D institutions, preliminary studies for projects 13 National R&D programmes n Foreseen for the purposeful and systematic development of key research areas n For solution of the problems that are relevant for the development of the economy and society 14 Key areas by R&D strategy (2001-2006) n User-friendly information technologies and development of the information society n Biomedicine n Materials` technologies (Key areas have been defined taking into account specific opportunities for development in Estonia, the existing research potential, economic structure and international orientations in the field of R&D&I) 15 5
Key areas (II) In parallel with the development of the key areas the following will also be ensured: n The continuity and promotion of research related to: - the Estonian people, language, national culture and history - Estonian statehood and the sustainable development of society, as well as ensuring national security - everyday environment and nature protection, sustainable use of natural resources, and the development of rural areas 16 Programme for Centres of Excellence in n Programme for Centres of Excellence in as the national programme will start in 2005 n The objective of the programme is to support high-level R&D and post-graduate studies, promotion of cooperation between research groups, generation of innovation and creation of better preconditions in international R&D cooperation. n The programme is financed by the Ministry of Education and through the state budget. Additional means will be applied for the programme from the Structural Funds of the EU n Until now, selection and funding of centres of excellence has been performed on the basis of an order of the Minister of Education and and the centres have been financed as a part of targeted financing. 17 Strategy and programme for R&D infrastructure (1): current problems n Lack of modern infrastructure for higher education and research has been identified by different foreign experts n Related problems: influence on R&D quality; brain-drain; less attractive environment for international cooperation etc. n Lack of nationally coordinated infrastructure investment policy. This has a tendency to lead into duplicate investments and inefficiencies. This situation is going to be changed. n Industry has very low interest in R&D. 18 6
Strategy and programme for R&D infrastructure (2): planned actions n Strategic base for updating of the infrastructure supporting academic higher education, research and innovation n Programme for development the R&D infrastructure n Pilot phase in 2004 2006 n min. amount per project: 30 MEEK; max.: 100 MEEK n Second phase 2007 2013 n Calculated total need: > 4 000 MEEK 19 Recent measures 1) Technology development programmes 2) Programme for updating the higher education, research and innovation infrastructures, involvement of EU structural funds 3) Evaluation and updating of R&D&I financing system 4) National R&D programmes 5) New strategic documents: R&D Strategy for 2007-2013 20 Participation in EU Framework programmes (FP5 and FP6) Framework programme 5: n Proposals submitted 809 n Successful proposals 216 n Selection rate 26,8% Framework programme 6 (data available in Dec 2005) n Proposals submitted 1076 n Successful proposals 252 n Selection rate 23,4% 21 7
More Information n Estonian State - www.riik.ee n and Development Council - www.tan.ee n Ministry of Education and - www.hm.ee n Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications - www.mkm.ee n Estonian Science Foundation - www.etf.ee n Enterprise Estonia - www.eas.ee n Archimedes Foundation - www.archimedes.ee n The Estonian er's Mobility portal - www.smartestonia.ee 8