ICT4D at the crossroads: reflections from the trenches Robert Schware Senior Consultant The Global E Team
ICT4D1.0 Create the right enabling environment. I before E. E-government roadmaps and the need for leadership. The potential of ICTs to expand education opportunities. New business models and growing role of private sector. Shortages of workers skilled in IT. Nascent IT services sector. Could not analyze and report ICT usage throughout country. Final Report Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Infrastructure and E- Readiness Assessment In Province & Kabupaten MINISTRY FOR COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA August, 2002
ICT4D1.0 >>>> ICT4D2.0 Create the right enabling environment. I before E. E-government roadmaps and the need for leadership. The potential of ICTs to expand education opportunities. New business models and growing role of private sector. Developing a skilled workforce. Nascent IT services sector. Could not analyze and report ICT usage throughout country. Regional solutions to single problems. Multifaceted, complex ICT projects. M-Government centric strategy. Reaching and connecting vulnerable youth. Leveraging NGOs, diaspora and volunteer expertise. Rural BPO, content in local dialects. Using new ICTs safely and responsibly. Demonstrating how ICT projects make a difference, are sustainable.
egov2.0 Cross-Agency Cooperation: Risk Management and Governance Complex Architecture: Data Bases must Communicate; Access for all Users User Communities: Government Agencies, SOE, The Private Sector and Society, International Agencies Procurement: Budgeting, Specification, Best Value not Lowest Costs, Inter Agency Cooperation and Trust
Reaching Rural Citizens: Rural Business Centres throughout Karnataka and Haryana G2C Services Record of Rights, Tenancy and Crops (RTC) Rural Digital Services caste & income certificates, birth/death certificates, residence certificate, old age pension, widow certificate, etc. B2C Services E-Commerce: railway and bus tickets, e-top-up for mobile phones Education: coaching services for Common Entrance Test (CET) admissions to engineering and medical colleges, Cisco Certified Network Associate training, medical transcription and English language training, Microsoft Digital Literacy, other vocational and employability courses. Voter ID cards Financial services planned for insurance premium collections and using the network to disburse payments and remittances.
The Ideal: Using Rural Business Centers 24/7 6 to 9 a.m. Education 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. G2C, B2C Transactions 6 to 9 p.m. Employability Training 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. Rural BPO 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
Successful Public Private Partnership (PPP) Models Government Services: - Consortia of firms responsible for software development, hardware procurement, systems integration, telecenter deployment, human resources and handling operations; - Revenues generated through user fees and sales of services is shared with the Government. Business Services: - Ensures viability of model; - Provision of locally relevant services like Digital Literacy, Banking, Insurance, Travel, etc. - Government entitled to a 3% revenue share if part of any contract. Feedback from rural citizens for new applications.
Barriers to entry falling +50% world s pop. now subscribe to mobilephone service 1k phones p/min growth rate worldwide
Reaching the Underserved and Youth POETA - Onsite training and support to people with disabilities OldNet - Seniors learn ICT skills, then tutor children (KidsNet) Chenjinglun High School in Beijing - Utilizing technologies in almost every aspect of the classroom Instituto Effort - Helping people with disabilities acquire the IT skills necessary to find employment
Programa Para O Futuro: Enabling Disadvantaged Youth
Accessible technology: Afghanistan computer labs as an alternative to travel Poor road conditions reduce mobility. Poor security conditions reduce mobility. Unsubsidized travel difficult to afford for many teachers. Cultural practices create barriers to traveling for women.
Accessible, robust infrastructure?
Lack of Sustainable Business Models: Failed Telecenters and CICs Unused centers Poor placement of Internet kiosks
Relevant technology: Now what?
The Learning Setting for.7 Billion Children
E-Readiness and e-strategies e are complex ventures Poorly designed projects waste resources to competing development needs and goals. Lack of crucial pre-requisites, requisites, including technical abilities and affordable access to infrastructure. Cross-sectoral sectoral dimension of applications. Time lag between implementation and benefits. Lack of structures and institutions to assess the impact of ICT initiatives. Policies to attract ICT industries are same as attract industries in general, macroeconomic stability, limited red tape and corruption.
Making a difference? Sustainable? Country Application Before After Brazil Registration of 29 documents Several days 20 to 30 minutes per document, one day for business licenses Chile Taxes online 25 days 12 hours China India, Andhra Pradesh India, Karnataka Online application for 32 business services Valuation of property, Land registration Updating Land Registration Obtaining Land Title Certificate 2-3 months for business license Several visits to multiple offices for filings Few days 7-15 days 1-2 years 3-30 days 10-15 days for business license Several seconds for routine filing for companies 10 minutes 5 minutes India, Gujarat Interstate Check Posts for Trucks 30 minutes 2 minutes 30 days for approval, request completed on demand 5-30 minutes Jamaica Customs Online 2-3 day for brokers to process 3-4 hours entry Philippines Customs Online 8 days to release cargo 4 hours 2 days to release cargo Singapore Issue of Tax assessments 12-18 months 3-5 months
ICD4D 2.0: Defining A Way Forward Framework
Review of 40 E Strategies
Introductions