Camden, South Carolina, August 16, 1780 Volley and Bayonet Wing Scale By Jeff Glasco Revised July 15, 2013 Scale: 1 SP = 50 men or 1 gun British Southern Army: Lieutenant General Lord Charles Cornwallis Loyalist Brigade (Exhaustion 10): Lieutenant Colonel Francis Rawdon Royal Artillery (2 x 3-pdr): Royal North Carolina Regiment (267): Lieutenant Colonel John Hamilton Loyalist Militia 1 (202): Colonel Samuel Bryan Volunteers of Ireland (303): Captain John Campbell British Legion: Captain Patrick Stewart British Legion Infantry (126): British Legion Artillery (1 x 3-pdr): Regular Brigade (Exhaustion 10): Lieutenant Colonel James Webster British Light Infantry 2 (3 cos = 148): Royal Artillery (2 x 6-pdr): 23 rd Regiment of Foot (8 cos = 292): Major Frederick MacKenzie AC 2-6 Light 3-5 FI, NE, PM 2-5 FI, NE, PM 3-5 FI, NE 3-5 FI, NE 3-5 FI, NE, SK 1-5 Light 3-6 FI, SK 2-6 Field 3-6 FI 1 Byran s North Carolina Militia (202, 154 without arms), Harrison s South Carolina Rangers (66, 20 without arms), Rugley s Camden Militia (128, 53 without arms, Jackson s Creek Regiment (33). 2 Companies from 71 st Highland (70), and 16 th ROF (78). Cornwallis muster does not include the New York Volunteers who some historians credit as being present.
3-6 FI 33rds Regiment of Foot (5 cos = 298 3 ): Captain Frederick Cornwallis 3-6 FI, Shock 3-6 FI, Shock Reserve Brigade (Exhaustion 5): (under Cornwallis) 71st Highland Regiment: Captain Hugh Campbell 1 st Bn/71 st Highland Regiment (154): 3-5 FI, Shock 2 nd Bn/71 st Highland Regiment (110): 2-5 FI, Shock Corps of Guides and Pioneers (28): 1-5 FI, NE, SK Royal Artillery (2 x 6-pdr): 2-6 Field British Legion (Exhaustion 2): Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton British Legion Dragoons (181): 1 st Squadron: 1-5 Light Cavalry 2 nd Squadron: 1-5 Light Cavalry 3 rd Squadron: 1-5 Light Cavalry 4 th Squadron: 1-5 Light Cavalry American Southern Army: Major General Horatio Gates AC Colonel Otho Williams (AdC) 4 Continental Artillery/Army Troops: Captain Anthony Singleton 5 Meredeth's (Virginia) Co/Continental Arty (2 x 2-pdr): 2-5 Very Light Dorsey s (Maryland) Co/Continental Arty (2 x 3-pdr): 2-5 Light Booker s (Maryland) Sec./Continental Arty (2 x 6-pdr): 2-5 Field Water s (Maryland) Sec./Continental Arty (2 x 6-pdr): 2-5 Field Advance Brigade (Exhaustion 4): Colonel Charles Armand Armand s Legion Cavalry (3 troops = 60): 1-5 Light Cavalry Armand s Legion Foot (2 cos = 60): 1-5 FI, NE, SK Nelson's Virginia State Cavalry Regiment (62): 1-4 Light Cavalry Pinckney s S.C. Volunteer Mounted Infantry (70): 1-4 Light Cavalry PT Porterfield s Virginia Light Infantry 6 (100): 2-5 FI, NE, SK Armstrong s Militia Light Infantry 7 (136): 3-4 FI, NE, SK, PM 3 The Cornwallis muster shows 298 men present, not the 238 that some secondary sources show. 4 Can command any American stands. 5 Can command any American artillery stand. 6 Formed from detachment of Virginia State Garrison Regiment
Militia Division (1800-68): Major General Richard Caswell 1 st North Carolina Militia Brigade (Exhaustion 4): Brigadier General John Butler 2 nd North Carolina Militia Brigade (Exhaustion 5): Brigadier General Griffith Rutherford 3 rd North Carolina Militia Brigade (Exhaustion 5): Brigadier General Isaac Gregory Virginia Militia Brigade (700-68) (Exhaustion 6): Brigadier General Edward Stevens Continental Division (@1200): Major General Baron de Kalb 1 st Maryland Brigade (Exhaustion 6): Major General William Smallwood 1 st Maryland Regiment (@120): 2-5 FI, NE 3 rd Maryland Regiment (@200): Left Wing/3rd Maryland: 2-5 FI, NE Right Wing/3rd Maryland: 2-5 FI, NE 5 th Maryland Regiment (@125): 3-5 FI, NE 7 th Maryland Regiment (@150): 3-5 FI, NE 2 nd Maryland Brigade (Exhaustion 6): Brigadier General Mordecai Gist Delaware Regiment (@200): Left Wing/Delaware Regiment: 2-6 FI Right Wing/Delware Regiment: 2-6 FI 7 Formed from 68 picked men from Stevens' Virginia Brigade and 68 men from Caswell's North Carolina Militia
2 nd Maryland Regiment (@120): 2-5 FI, NE 4 th Maryland Regiment (@160): 3-5 FI, NE 6 th Maryland Regiment (@140): 3-5 FI, NE SOURCES: CO 5/100 PRO 30/11/103 WO 34/126 Clinton 1780 (British muster for August 15, 1780) Atkinson, Christopher T. "British Forces in North American, 1774-1781: Their Distribution and Strength." Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research, 16 (Spring 1937), 3-23; 18 (Autumn 1940), 163-166; 20 (Winter 1941), 190-192. Berg, Fred Anderson. Encyclopedia of Continental Army Units. Harrisburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books, 1972. Blanco, Richard L., ed. The American Revolution 1775-1783, An Encyclopedia, 2 vols. New York: Garland Publishing Inc., 1993. Cornwallis, Charles. Answer to Sir Henry Clinton's Narrative of the Campaign in 1781 in North America. Philadelphia: John Campbell, 1866.. "Official Account of the Army Under His Command At the Battle Near Camden on the 16th Day of August 1780, in a Letter to Lord George Germaine." (British OB information) Lumpkin, Henry. From Savannah to Yorktown: The American Revolution in the South. New York: Paragon House, 1981. Nebenzahl, Kenneth, ed. Atlas of the American Revolution. Chicago: Rand McNally & Co., 1974. Novak, Greg. The American War of Independence: A Guide to the Armies of the American War of Independence, Volume 2: The Southern Campaign. Calumet, PA: Old Glory Corp. (Good on estimate of American Continental forces). O'Kelley, Patrick. Camden Order of Battle (unpublished manuscript). (Very detailed, especially on the militia forces of both sides).
Tarleton, Banastre. A History of the Campaigns of 1780 and 1781 in the Southern Provinces of North America. London: T. Cadell, 1787. Ward, Christopher, The War of the Revolution, 2 vols. New York: MacMillian, 1952.