CHAPTER 18 SECTION 2: THE COLD WAR HEATS UP
CHINA S CIVIL WAR ENDS FROM 1945 THROUGH 1949 AMERICA SENT SUPPORT TO CHIANG KAI-SHEK S NATIONALIST CAUSE WHY? BECAUSE THEY WERE FIGHTING COMMUNISTS!! THE REALITY THOUGH WAS THAT CHIANG S GOVERNMENT WAS SUPER BAD (CORRUPT AND WORTHLESS) AND THE PEOPLE OF CHINA OVERWHELMINGLY SUPPORTED MAO TSE TUNG
CHINA S CIVIL WAR ENDS 1949 CHIANG WAS DEFEATED AND FLED TO THE ISLAND OF TAIWAN OFF THE COAST OF CHINA MAO AND THE COMMUNISTS CLAIMED VICTORY AND ESTABLISHED A NEW NATION FOR THEIR PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
INTERESTING FACTS THE USA REFUSED TO RECOGNIZE MAO AND HIS NEW COUNTRY UNTIL 1979!! INSTEAD WE RECOGNIZED CHIANG S GOVERNMENT IN TAIWAN SO YOU ASK?... THIS MEANS THAT THE AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS WAS CHIANG S GUY RATHER THAN MAO S
KOREA IN 1910, JAPAN HAD OBTAINED INFLUENCE AND OWNERSHIP OF KOREA, WHEN THEY WERE DEFEATED IN WWII THIS LAND WAS DIVIDED AT THE 38 TH PARALLEL WHY? BECAUSE THE JAPANESE NORTH OF 38 SURRENDERED TO THE SOVIETS AND THOSE SOUTH OF THE 38 SURRENDERED TO THE AMERICANS
UH OH KOREA GETS DIVIDED BY 1950 THE US HAD WITHDRAWN ALL BUT 500 TROOPS FROM SOUTH KOREA THE (SOVIET BACKED) NORTH KOREAN MILITARY STRUCK OUT IN AN EFFORT TO UNITE THEIR NATION UNDER COMMUNIST LEADERSHIP
JUNE 25 TH, 1950 NORTH KOREAN TROOPS SWEEP ACROSS THE 38 TH PARALLEL IN A MASSIVE SURPRISE ATTACK
KOREAN WAR AMERICAN RESPONSE TO THE ATTACK PRESIDENT TRUMAN ORDERED MEN FROM THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION FORCE OVER TO SUPPORT THE SOUTH KOREAN MILITARY TRUMAN ALSO SENT NAVAL FORCES OUT TO THE WATERS IN BETWEEN TAIWAN AND CHINA
KOREAN WAR UNITED NATIONS RESPONSE SOUTH KOREA CALLED FOR HELP FROM THE UNITED NATIONS TO TAKE MILITARY ACTIONS THE VOTE IN THE SECURITY COUNCIL MUST BE UNANIMOUS FROM THE BIG 5 (US, FRANCE, GB, CHINA, AND USSR) US, GB, FRANCE => VOTED A BIG YES CHINA => ALSO VOTED YES AS THE REPRESENTATIVES WAS CHIANG S BOY (NOT MAO S) THE USSR (THE ONLY COMMUNIST NATION REPRESENTING?) YEP THEY DIDN T VOTE AT ALL WHY? THEY WERE BOYCOTTING THE MEETINGS BECAUSE CHINA S REP WASN T FROM THE PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA!!
KOREAN WAR THE UNITED NATION S AGREES TO SUPPORT SOUTH KOREA 16 COUNTRIES SENT SOLDIERS TO FIGHT AGAINST THE COMMUNISTS (CONTAINMENT EXAMPLE HERE!!) REALITY AMERICA SENT 90% OF THE 520,000 DEPLOYED MACARTHUR WAS THE SUPREME COMMANDER OF ALL THE UN FORCES
KOREAN WAR LOOK AT THE MAP UP FRONT OR IN YOUR BOOK PG. 613 SEPTEMBER 15 TH 1950 MACARTHUR LEADS A COUNTER ATTACK AT INCHON AS WELL AS PUSAN RESCUING THE ALMOST DEFEATED SOUTH KOREAN MILITARY AND PINCHING A HUGE PORTION OF THE NORTH KOREAN ARMY BETWEEN THE UN TROOPS
KOREAN WAR THE UN FORCES PUSHED THE REMAINDER OF THE NORTH KOREAN MILITARY BACK ACROSS THE 38 TH PARALLEL AND KEPT ON GOING BY OCTOBER OF 1950 IT LOOKED AS IF MACARTHUR S FORCES WOULD TAKE KOREA UP TO ITS BORDER
KOREAN WAR - & - CHINA??? AS THE UN TROOPS APPROACHED THE BORDER BETWEEN KOREA AND CHINA (THE YALU RIVER) CHINA S PM WARNED THE AMERICAN S TO STAY AWAY FROM THEIR BORDER TRUMAN TOLD MACARTHUR TO STAY AWAY FROM THE BORDER GUESS WHAT MACARTHUR DOES
N. KOREA ADDS CHINA AS AN ALLY BY MID-NOVEMBER 300,000 CHINESE SOLDIERS HAD JOINED THE NORTH KOREAN WAR EFFORT THEY WERE ABLE TO PUSH THE UN FORCES BACK ACROSS THE 38 TH PARALLEL AGAIN AND DEEP INTO SOUTH KOREA, THEN THE WAR STAGNATED
MACARTHUR MACARTHUR WAS SURE KOREA WAS JUST A DISTRACTION AND THE REAL THREAT WAS WITH CHINA HE CALLED FOR NUCLEAR STRIKES AND A WIDENING OF THE WAR ALL ON CHINA TO BREAK THE STALEMATE TRUMAN SAID NO! IT MIGHT BRING THE USSR IN
MACARTHUR FEELING HE WAS RIGHT, MACARTHUR GOES BEYOND THE PRESIDENT S REACH AND HAS PRIVATE MEETINGS WITH CONGRESSMEN AND WRITES ARTICLES TO PAPERS AND MAGAZINES
KOREA AMERICAN SOLDIERS ARE ABLE TO PUSH THE NORTH KOREAN ARMY BACK TO THE 38 TH PARALLEL, SO WE ARE BACK TO WHERE WE STARTED FROM
MACARTHUR TRUMAN WARNED MACARTHUR OFF AS DID THE MILITARY BRASS, BUT HE WOULDN T LISTEN APRIL OF 1951 TRUMAN FIRED MACARTHUR
AT FIRST AMERICANS WERE OUTRAGED THAT THEIR NATIONAL HERO WAS BEING CANNED THIS WAY NYC GAVE HIM A TICKER TAPE PARADE AND CONGRESS INVITED HIM TO SPEAK OLD SOLDIERS NEVER DIE, THEY JUST FADE AWAY
MACARTHUR THERE WAS A FORMAL INVESTIGATION COMPLETED WEEKS LATER AND, FINDING THAT TRUMAN WAS INDEED IN THE RIGHT MACARTHUR DOES INDEED FADE AWAY IN THE PUBLIC S MEMORY
WHAT ABOUT KOREA? JUNE 23 RD, 1953 => THE USSR REQUESTS A CEASE FIRE EARLY JULY OF 1953 => TALKS BEGIN LATE JULY => AN ARMISTICE IS NEGOTIATED WHICH HOLDS, ENDING THE KOREAN CONFLICT
KOREA S OUTCOME - POSITIVES AMERICA (VIA THE UN) PROVED THEY COULD CONTAIN THE SPREAD OF COMMUNISM WITHOUT USING ATOMIC WEAPONS
KOREA S OUTCOME - NEGATIVE KOREA WAS STILL (IS STILL) A DIVIDED NATION 54,000 AMERICANS HAD PERISHED $67,000,000,000 HAD BEEN SPENT INCREASED AMERICAN PARANOIA OF THE COMMIES