Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Reinisch, Courtney, editor. Nursing Knowledge Center, publisher. Title: Family nurse practitioner review and resource manual / edited by Courtney Reinisch. Other titles: Family nurse practitioner (2009) Description: 5th edition. Silver Spring, MD : Nursing Knowledge Center, American Nurses Association, [2016]- Preceded by: Family nurse practitioner review manual / edited by Elizabeth Blunt and Courtney Reinisch. Fourth edition. [2013] Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: LCCN 2016043988 ISBN 9781935213901 (pbk.) ISBN 9781935213918 (epdf) ISBN 9781935213925 (epub) ISBN 9781935213932 (prc) Subjects: MESH: Family Nursing Nurse Practitioners Examination Questions Classification: LCC RT73 NLM WY 18.2 DDC 610.7306/92076--dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016043988 The American Nurses Association (ANA) is the only full-service professional organization representing the interests of the nation s 3.4 million registered nurses through its constituent member nurses associations and its organizational affiliates. ANA advances the nursing profession by fostering high standards of nursing practice, promoting the rights of nurses in the workplace, projecting a positive and realistic view of nursing, and by lobbying the Congress and regulatory agencies on healthcare issues affecting nurses and the public. ISBNs Volume 1 print 978-1-935213-90-1 epdf 978-1-935213-91-8 EPUB 978-1-935213-92-5 PRC 978-1-935213-93-2 Volume 2: print 978-1-935213-94-9 epdf 978-1-935213-95-6 EPUB 978-1-935213-96-3 PRC 978-1-935213-97-0 2016 American Nurses Association 8515 Georgia Ave., Suite 400 Silver Spring, MD 20910 All rights reserved.
V INSTRUCTIONS FOR OBTAINING CONTINUING EDUCATION... XIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.... XIV VOLUME 1 CHAPTER 1. Taking the Certification Examination....1 General Suggestions for Preparing for the Exam 1 CHAPTER 2. Important Factors Influencing the Nurse Practitioner Role.... 11 Legal Dimensions of the Role 11 Theory and Principles of Family-Focused Care 38 Case Studies 43 Case Studies Discussion 44 References 46 CHAPTER 3. Healthcare Issues...51 General Approach 51 Red Flags 52 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act 52 National Health Prevention Strategy 52 Model Epidemiologic Principles 53 Human Development 58 Health Maintenance 63 Health Maintenance Practice 64 Geriatric Assessment 80
VI Immunization 84 Case Studies 88 Case Studies Discussion 90 References 92 CHAPTER 4. Infectious Diseases...95 General Approach 95 Red Flags 97 Pediatric Issues 97 Viral Infections 101 Bacterial and Other Infections 132 Illnesses of Unknown Origin 147 Infections from Bioweapons (BW) 153 Transmission-Based Precautions 155 Donning and Doffing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 160 Tropical/Global Diseases 161 Case Studies 164 Case Studies Discussion 166 References 168 CHAPTER 5. Common Problems of the Skin...171 General Approach 171 Red Flags 174 Allergy 174 Eczematous Conditions 179 Acne 184 Papulosquamous Eruptions 192 Fungal and Yeast Infections 193 Bacterial Infections of Skin 201
VII Viral Skin Infections 209 Parasitic Infestations and Bites 216 Tumors 224 Other Integumentary Conditions 230 Case Studies 238 Case Studies Discussion 240 References 242 CHAPTER 6. Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders...243 General Approach 243 Red Flags 243 Disorders of the Eyes 245 Ocular Trauma 272 Problems of the Ears 282 Problems of Nose/Sinuses 297 Problems of the Pharynx 308 Problems of the Mouth 316 Problems of the Neck 324 Case Studies 329 Case Studies Discussion 331 References 333 CHAPTER 7. Respiratory Disorders...335 General Approach 335 Red Flags 336 Acute Conditions 336 Chronic Conditions 371 Case Studies 389 Case Studies Discussion 391 References 394
VIII CHAPTER 8. Cardiovascular Disorders....397 General Approach 397 Red Flags 398 Heart Sounds 399 Common Cardiovascular Disorders 400 Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)/Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) 430 Congenital Heart Defects 463 Cyanotic Congenital Heart Defects 475 Peripheral Vascular Disorders 478 Case Studies 489 Case Studies Discussion 491 References 493 CHAPTER 9. Gastrointestinal Disorders...497 General Approach 497 Red Flags 497 Gastrointestinal Signs and Symptoms 498 Common Gastrointestinal Conditions 516 Conditions That May Warrant Surgery 539 Conditions of the Rectum and Anus 555 Conditions of the Liver 560 GI Conditions Found in Infants and Children 565 Case Studies 573 Case Studies Discussion 575 References 577 VOLUME 2 CHAPTER 10. Renal and Urologic Disorders...579 General Approach 579
IX Red Flags 580 Common Urologic Disorders 580 Common Renal Disorders 608 Case Studies 616 Case Studies Discussion 618 References 620 CHAPTER 11. Female Reproductive System Disorders...621 General Approach 621 Red Flags 621 Contraception 624 Conditions of the Menstrual Cycle 637 Breast Conditions 664 Noninfectious Breast Disorders 668 Conditions of the Vulva, Vagina, and Cervix 676 Abnormal Growths of Uterus and Ovaries 693 Other Conditions 699 Care of the Maternity Patient 703 Case Studies 709 Case Studies Discussion 710 References 712 CHAPTER 12. Male Reproductive System Disorders...715 General Approach 715 Red Flags 715 Contraception 716 Disorders of the Prostate Gland 717 Disorders of the Scrotal Contents 732 Penile Disorders 749 Case Studies 757
X Case Studies Discussion 759 References 761 CHAPTER 13. Sexually Transmitted Infections...763 General Approach 763 Red Flags 765 Infections That Cause Vaginitis and Cervicitis in Women and Urethritis in Men 765 Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, Candidiasis, Bacterial Vaginosis 777 Viral Infections 777 Other Sexually Transmitted Infections 783 Case Studies 789 Case Studies Discussion 790 References 791 CHAPTER 14. Musculoskeletal Disorders...793 General Approach 793 Red Flags 793 Arthritis 794 Conditions of the Bones 803 Conditions That Cause Hip Pain 814 Conditions That Cause Knee Pain 820 Conditions That Cause Ankle Pain 824 Conditons That Cause Shoulder Pain 828 Conditions That Cause Elbow Pain 832 Conditions That Cause Wrist Pain 836 Other Musculoskeletal Conditions and Injuries 838 Case Studies 856 Case Studies Discussion 858 References 860
XI CHAPTER 15. Neurologic Disorders...861 General Approach 861 Red Flags 862 General Neurologic and Neurosurgical Disorders 863 Seizures and Epilepsy 923 Case Studies 937 Case Studies Discussion 939 References 941 CHAPTER 16. Hematologic Disorders...943 General Approach 943 Normocytic Anemias 946 Hypochromic Anemias 951 Macrocytic Anemias 954 Hemolytic Anemias 958 Other Problems of Iron and Red Blood Cells 969 White Blood Cell (WBC) Related Problems 972 Coagulation Disorders 975 Case Studies 978 Case Studies Discussion 980 References 981 CHAPTER 17. Endocrine Disorders...983 General Approach 983 Red Flags 984 Disorders of the Pancreas 985 Thyroid Disorders 1004 Adrenal Disorders 1015 Pituitary Disorders 1021 Pubertal Disorders 1027
XII Case Studies 1036 Case Studies Discussion 1038 References 1040 CHAPTER 18. Psychiatric Mental Health Disorders...1043 General Approach 1043 Red Flags 1044 Anxiety Disorders 1044 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) 1051 Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders 1054 Mood Disorders 1057 Depressive Disorders 1059 Somatic Symptom Disorders 1067 Substance Use Disorders 1070 Domestic Violence and Abuse 1082 Eating Disorders 1093 Other Disorders 1100 Case Studies 1115 Case Studies Discussion 1117 References 1119 APPENDIX A. Review Questions.... 1123 APPENDIX B. Review Questions Answers.... 1147 INDEX....1157