EMERGENCY PLANNING PROCESS WRAP UP SESSION Learning Objectives By the end of this session, the participant should be able to: Describe the elements of emergency planning process in terms of inputs, outputs and outcome Discuss intra-sectoral and inter-sectoral coordination, cooperation and management systems Summarize the elements of capacity building for emergency preparedness and for emergency management
HEALTH EMERGENCY MANAGERS
Planning for Emergencies Planning is based on risk analysis what might happen when it might happen where it might occur how big it might be what effect it might have how long it might last What is the strategy for responding? Key Considerations Clear responsibilities (who, what, when, how, with whom, where) All key stakeholders need to be involved in the planning process, including: agencies with disaster responsibilities community members / groups Institutions and legal authorities Relevant to emergency events: large scale; complex; relatively rare; hard to predict
Policy - Guidelines Standards Community Plans and Role of the MOH Policy, guidelines, standards Mobilise extra-resources International org & assistance National level level Emergency Preparedness Program Develop and implement Provincial level level Preparedness activities Mitigation plans Vulnerability reduction plans Emergency response plans Communities Should be be allowed Rehabilitation and recovery plans National & provincial levels = support communities in their work MCM Sytems Goals and Objectives INPUTS 1. hazard/risk analysis results 2. Inventory of available capacities, gaps 3. Health Situational analysis report 4. Lessons learned 5. Best practices 6. Toolkit (See Toolkit p.14) 1. On-site Management 4. Medical Surge Capacity 2. Hospital Preparedness 5. Public Health in MCI 3. EMSS MCM Planning Process PROCESS 1. Risk Management Approach 2. Inter-sectoral cooperation, Coordination and integration strategy 3. Community participation 4. Planning based on existing resources 5. Use of Toolkit 6. Process development OUTPUTS 1. Planning Process Developed 2. Systems for MCM developed 3. Toolkit utilized in planning 4. MCM Plan Framework developed
National framework: policy procedures plans Readiness is enhanced when. guidelines Managerial issues Administrative issues Technical issues Staff local level coordination activities particular practice & interventions Emergency Planning Process Define Project (aim, objective, scope, tasks, resources) Review Planning Group (appropriateness: authority representation, expertise) Analyze potential Problem (CRM Approach) Describe Roles and Responsibilities (who does what) Describe Management Structure (command & control) Develop Strategies and Systems (response & recovery) Analyze resources (required vs. vs. available) Test, Review, Update the Plan
Contents of National Disaster Operational Plan (Recommendations) 1. Letter of authority 2. Scope 3. Roles and responsibilities 4. Hazard and Risk Analysis Results 5. Goal and objectives 6. Functions, missions and tasks 7. Organizational Chart 8. National Health Sector Incident Command Structure and Command Center in the MOH 9. Activation and deactivation mechanism of the Plan 10. DANA and assessment of available resources 11. Information Management 12. Resource Management and Logistics 13. Communications 14. Operations and Procedures (SOP; JAS) 15. Monitoring and Evaluation of Plan 16. Revision of Plan 17. Exercises 18. Annexes and Forum 19. Resources to implement the plan
Emergency Planning for MCI -health sector 1. Health risks in emergencies 2. Public health services 3. Food security and WatSan 4. Critical medical care (continuity of operations) 5. Mass casualty care 6. Contingency plans for specific scenarios 7. Recovery planning 8. Resources and logistics 9. Media and public information; risk communication VULNERABILITY & HAZARD ANALYSIS ASSESSMENT RISK hazard : source of risk community & environment: elements where vulnerabilities do exist VULNERABILITIES RISK is proportional to HAZARD X ------------------------- READINES
Community Risk Management A conceptual framework that defines a set of measures for ensuring the general safety of communities; these measures are hazard prevention, hazard mitigation, vulnerability reduction, and emergency preparedness. Goal: protect public safety Objectives : 1. identifying threats to public safety 2. Reducing the risks arising from those threats 3. Responding to and recovering from public safety emergencies Outputs: Risk Reduction Plan, Emergency Response Plan, Recovery Plan Establish the general context of emergency management Identify source of risks : hazards Identify elements at risk : community + environment A Describe and analyze Describe and analyze Determine probability and likelihood (risk) Determine consequences B 1 Risk identification risks statements Risk analysis Levels of risk Monitor and review Capacity development Develop risk evaluation criteria 2 3 4 Risk evaluation Prioritisation of risks Prevention Mitigation Preparedness Response Recovery Avoid, accept, mitigate, reduce transfer, modify, fight risk Options identification Options evaluation Options selection Plan and implement options 7 8 Risk treatment 5 6 C o m m u n i c a t e C o n s u l t
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PROGRAM An integrated set of long-term, multi-sectoral, development activities Goal: to achieve an increasing level of readiness within communities to cope with any situation which demands an emergency response, using their own resources. This requires the development and maintenance of : 1. National : legislation, policy for EM 2. Plans and procedures for Emergency Management 3. Institutional and human resources for EM 4. Public awareness and education 5. System for the collection, analysis and distribution of information related to emergencies INTER-SECTORAL CO-OPERATION 1. To increase efficiency and integration of the agency into the overall organization of the emergency management process strategic level tactic level operational level 2. Optimal use of available resources 3. Selection & implementation of the most adapted treatment options 4. To increase the overall efficiency of the planning process and the vulnerability analysis process & reduction 5. To ensure complementarities of the various plans 6. To increase readiness 7. To increase awareness
National health emergency/disaster management program What program s areas of responsibility? Promotion Establishment of standards Training Collaboration with other institutions and sectors In the health response phase: Mobilization and redistribution of resources Coordination Assessment (risk, needs ) Support to health activities response (in large scale event) Evaluation of the programs: Preparedness program (plans, exercises) Mitigation program (not only buildings) Training program DISASTER MITIGATION PROGRAMS 1. Health sector mitigation measures must be prioritised 2. Function of the national health disaster management program 3. Working with experts: Health and public policy Hospital administration Water system Engineers Architects, planners, education.. 4. A special unit within the disaster management program 5. Mitigation is a complement to preparedness-readiness and response
DISASTER MITIGATION IN HEALTH FACILITIES 1. Mitigation measures have to be oriented to avoiding loss of life of patients and staff and to ensuring hospital will function 2. Each hospital component must undergo vulnerability analysis 3. Factors to consider: Structural elements Non-structural elements Functional elements Human resources HS local plans: provincial, district - level 2 parts : Public health Trauma and mass casualty Pre-hospital Hospital Specific plans for specific hazards (depending of the overall organization; can be just specific procedures for the HS or real specific plans)
HOSPITAL DISASTER PLAN goals of the plan - even in the case of a disaster to: manage the normal basic critical activities and provide routine necessary services manage the extra-load (surge capacity) organize the response : roles and responsibilities protect the facility and its services (staff & patients) from harm restore the hospital treatment capacity in case of an internal disaster (continuity of operations) provide specific services for the pre-hospital phase (triage teams, decontamination teams ) contribute to PH management Others...depending on the roles of the Hospital in the local community
Police Fire - Rescue Medical Volunteers Mass Casualty Management A multi sectoral organization Medical Team Triage Life saving Stabilization EMS Dispatching MEC Triage Emergency Dept Treatment OPD Information Disaster Area Advanced Medical Post Transport Hospitalization Site: ICP EOC - local or provincial ECC national or provincial There is no Emergency Response Plan unless.. Coordination and cooperation Multi-sectoral Multi-agencies Multidisciplinary Written document Written document Planning process Planning process Vulnerability analysis Vulnerability analysis Tested and validated Tested and validated Training & education Training & education Monitoring & revisions Monitoring & revisions L E G A L A U T H O R I T Y
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