TECHNICAL MEETING MINUTES - Nairobi

WASH (Water, Sanitation, Hygiene) CLUSTER Somalia TECHNICAL MEETING MINUTES - Nairobi Objective: Minutes of regular Technical WASH Cluster meeting Invited: Technical meeting, all active WASH Agencies Chair: Patrick Laurent, WASH Cluster Coordinator, Somalia Venue: SSS, Nairobi Date: 20 November 2012 Time: 2.30-4:30 pm Summary of action points Action: the cluster coordinator to share a map on CHF standard 2 nd allocation implementing partners 2012 with all the WASH cluster partners Action: CLTS presentation to be circulated to the WASH cluster partners or put on the WASH cluster web site AGENDA Standing Items 1. Introductions: members introduced themselves 2. Agree minutes and review actions from previous meeting No minutes from previous meeting as there were only presentations done. 3. Need a) Update of immediate needs: Feedback from organizations on reported AWD cases AWD outbreak has been reported in Johar, Buale, Ceelwaq, Sakow, luuq and belethawa. In Johar, all the 6 reported cases were treated and discharged, no new cases reported. Interventions seem to have an impact as the current situation has stabilized. b) Future scenario (e.g. rain/drought forecast). According to SWALIM; there remains a moderate risk of flooding along the Shabelle River given the rainfall forecast for the coming weeks. There is however minimal risk of flooding during the coming weeks along the juba rivers. According to FEWSNET; from November 1st-10th, confirmed rains subsided in many parts of Somalia. Latest report indicates rains continued in many parts of central region between November 11th -12th. In South Somalia, between November 1st- 10th most areas experienced reduction in rainfall. The entire middle shabelle was dry, most of lower juba and lower shabelle experienced moderate rainfall. Flooding has been reported in Dhobley, beletweyne, merka and Kurnuwarey in lower shabelle. WASH cluster partners in the region s are conducting response activities. Response is continuing and has been picking up. Some agencies have submitted ERF proposals to respond to the situation, the proposals are under review. The chair reminded the meeting that we are currently experiencing the deyr rains And therefore Members were encouraged to start early preparation for AWD/Cholera preparedness and response activities. 4. Feedback from field clusters: Presentation of Feed ups/key highlights received from the regional meetings in Gedo, Middle Shabelle, Hiran, Puntland, galgadud, Mudug, Galkayo, Middle and lower Juba, File name: 121120 v2 WASH Cluster technical meeting minutes.docx Page 1 of 5 Last updated: 29 November 2011

WASH (Water, Sanitation, Hygiene) CLUSTER Somalia TECHNICAL MEETING MINUTES - Nairobi Banadir and Bay/Bakool was shared. (Attached with the minutes, is summary of key highlights, challenges and action points from the regional WASH cluster meetings.) 5. CAP 2013-2015: process, response plan and projects The chair took the meeting through the WASH cluster objectives 2013-2015 and the CAP process. Objectives: 1) Cluster objective #1-1: Provide access to safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for people in emergency need 2) Cluster objective #1-2: Emergency preparedness and early response to humanitarian emergencies 3) Cluster objective #2/3/4-1: Provide reliable and sustained access to safe water based on identified strategic water points, establishment of sustainable management structures and development of sustained household water treatment strategies. 4) Cluster objective #2/3/4-2: Provide reliable and sustainable access to environmental sanitation. All sanitation access programs must be coupled with sustained hygiene practice promotion for the targeted population. 5) Cluster objective #2/3/4-3: Support continuous development of better Information Management tools for enhanced monitoring, early warning and emergency preparedness 6) Cluster objective #2/3/4-4: Strengthen the capacity of local WASH cluster actors to improve knowledge, ability and resilience of the community, and address gender gaps Selection process: Step1-171 CAP sheets were pre-filtered according to OCHA Common Criteria (OCHA CAP 2013-2015 Guidance Note) - A cap sheet is discarded when it scores zero for two, or more than two in the essential criteria - Based on this, 96 from 171 CAP sheets, were discarded, leaving 75 for the technical review by CRC Step 2 - The 75 CAP sheets were evaluated by CRC according to 11 technical criteria (area and type of intervention) for a maximum of 50 points Summary of selection process: File name: 121120 v2 WASH Cluster technical meeting minutes.docx Page 2 of 5 Last updated: 29 November 2011

WASH (Water, Sanitation, Hygiene) CLUSTER Somalia TECHNICAL MEETING MINUTES - Nairobi Comments: No comments were raised on this. The chair made a Presentation of CHF second allocation process Selection Criteria were developed by the WASH CRC for both lifesaving and IDP durable solution response. The selection criteria were circulated to the WASH Agencies in CAP 2012 on 02 October 2012. Following submission of the proposals, the CRC met on 10-11, Oct 2012 to score and review each proposal. The top ranking proposals for each region per envelope (provided by CHF board) were recommended for funding. Agencies were requested to update proposals in the CHF database, based on initial feedback/questions from the WASH CRC. For the CHF second allocation, funds will be received by end of December then implementation can start in the beginning of January. Members were then requested to focus more on sanitation activities in the future with similar number of beneficiaries in both area (water and sanitation). Action: the cluster coordinator to share a map on CHF standard 2 nd allocation implementing partners 2012 with all the WASH cluster partners 6. Presentation on CLTS community led total sanitation A brief presentation on CLTS was done by a UNICEF consultant. What is community Led Total sanitation? It s a community-led / driven approach Involves/affects everyone in communities and addresses total elimination of open defecation Collective community decision & collective local action are keys in CLTS It heavily relies on the element of shame, disgust and fear Its non-subsidy approach Social solidarity and cooperation are in abundance Actions are locally decided and don't depend on external subsidies, prescriptions or pressure Natural Leaders emerge from collective local actions who lead future collective initiatives Often don t follow externally determined mode of development and blue print Local diversity and innovations are main elements Members were informed that: - There are over 100 UNICEF trained CLTS TOT s in NWZ (Somaliland), NEZ (Puntland) and SCZ (South Central). (INGO s & LNGO s) File name: 121120 v2 WASH Cluster technical meeting minutes.docx Page 3 of 5 Last updated: 29 November 2011

WASH (Water, Sanitation, Hygiene) CLUSTER Somalia TECHNICAL MEETING MINUTES - Nairobi - There are 8 UNICEF local partners implementing CLTS in NWZ (6) and NEZ (2) - The line Ministries in Somaliland and Puntland strongly support the CLTS concept - Although CLTS is still relatively new in Somalia, there are good success stories reported from different zones - Trained TOT s and triggered communities appreciate the positive impact of CLTS - 11 international and national staff was brought to Kenya for a 10 days learning exchange visit. Comments on the presentation: Members inquired if there can be trainings for WASH cluster partners in Nairobi or Somalia on CLTS. The WASH cluster coordination informed the meeting that he had some informal discussion with UNICEF on this issue. By next year training plan will be done. Action: CLTS presentation to be circulated to the WASH cluster partners or put on the WASH cluster web site 7. Information Management Update A presentation on IM was made by the Chair. Key Highlights: October 4w updates were very low only: 18 agencies reported. Nevertheless all WASH Somalia partners have reached Sustained Access to water-1,692,370 (68% of 2.5 Million target) Temporary access to water-1,769,259 (70% of 2.5 Million target) Sanitation- 831,294 (64 %of the 1.3 million target) Hygiene promotion -1,960,492 (52 % the 3.7 million target) 4w matrix updates for November are due on 7 December 2012. 4W end year updates need by 11 th Jan 2013. New look 4W matrix taking into consideration 3 year CAP objectives and activities to be rolled out starting January 2013 No comments made on the presentation. 8. Presentation on CHF ERF funding by Brigitte from OCHA Steps for ERF process: Emergency situation Coordination. Assessment. Needs and gaps analysis Partner response request by the cluster (NGO must be effective in the field) Validation of the project concept by the cluster Download project in the CHF data base Review per cluster Discussion with CHF and feedback If ok review proposal per CHF Project agreement process Condition: The emergency reserve is available for use to support response to the potential effects of El Nino including acute watery diarrhea (AWD)/cholera outbreaks; and for emergency projects in newly recovered areas (as outcomes of on-going military activity) guaranteed that there is a certain level of access. File name: 121120 v2 WASH Cluster technical meeting minutes.docx Page 4 of 5 Last updated: 29 November 2011

WASH (Water, Sanitation, Hygiene) CLUSTER Somalia TECHNICAL MEETING MINUTES - Nairobi The emergency reserve should be used in line with the key requirements specified in the CHF guidelines. The emergency window can also be used to provide an immediate response in areas not within the CAP as well as regions not prioritized in this standard allocation where need has been demonstrated Please note that ER is not meant to fund projects which were not approved by the clusters during the standard allocation. 9. Cholera movie Members were shown a movie on cholera. The cluster is in the process of recruiting a translator to translate the cluster documents to Somali. The same will be done to the movie before sharing it with the cluster members AOB: Having no other AOB, meeting was adjourned. Next meeting: 18 December 2012. File name: 121120 v2 WASH Cluster technical meeting minutes.docx Page 5 of 5 Last updated: 29 November 2011

CAP 2013-2015 Wash cluster meeting OCHA, Nairobi 20 November 2012 WASH Cluster Somalia Wash Cluster Objectives 2013-2015 Cluster objective #1-1 Provide access to safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for people in emergency need Cluster objective #1-2 Emergency preparedness and early response to humanitarian emergencies Cluster objective #2/3/4-1 Provide reliable and sustained access to safe water based on identified strategic water points, establishment of sustainable management structures and development of sustained household water treatment strategies. Wash Cluster Objectives 2013-2015 Cluster objective #2/3/4-2 Provide reliable and sustainable access to environmental sanitation. All sanitation access programs must be coupled with sustained hygiene practice promotion for the targeted population. Cluster objective#2/3/4-3 Support continuous development of better Information Management tools for enhanced monitoring, early warning and emergency preparedness Cluster objective #2/3/4-4 Strengthen the capacity of local WASH cluster actors to improve knowledge, ability and resilience of the community, and address gender gaps Actions, Beneficiaries and Locations Actions: Life-saving provision of safe water and emergency sanitation programs(provision of facilities and dislodging programs) Access to safe water mainly through rehabilitation and sustained management of identified strategic water points, development of multiple use water systems and of sustained access to household water treatment Implementation of CLTS approach as the main strategy for sustained sanitation Beneficiaries: IDPs, populations of areas at high risk for AWD/cholera and populations affected by drought Locations: IDP settlements, areas at high risk for AWD/cholera, drought affected and acute malnutrition affected areas Selection process (step 1) 171 CAP sheets were pre-filtered according to OCHA Common Criteria(OCHA CAP 2013-2015 Guidance Note) Total out of 20 points The project is in line with CAP strategic priorities and sector objectives. The project is based on assessed needs. Where applicable, the project is designed in coordination with other aid agencies to avoid duplication. The submitting organization commits to share information regularly with the relevant clusters for the monthly cluster single reporting format and monthly Dashboard, and to ensure its activities appear in the Who does What Where (3W) tables or activity matrices of the relevant clusters. The project is realistic, cost-effective, and meets technical standards as agreed by the cluster. The project presents a clear objective, which can be reached during the project duration (from 1 up to 3 years). Selection process (step 1) A cap sheet is discarded when it scores zero for two, or more than two, essential criteria Based on this, 96 from 171 CAP sheets, were discarded, leaving 75 for the technical review by CRC The organization has a recognized capacity to implement the project and/or proven track record. The cluster makes this determination. Where disputed, the HC and HCT make this determination. The project includes a monitoring and evaluation mechanism. The project identifies and strives to respond to the different needs of women, girls, boys and men as measured by the gender marker code and meets the Gender Minimum Standards as agreed by each cluster. A gender accountability requirement was agreed by all clusters to ensure that no zero gender marker projects will be included in the CAP 2013-2015, and all proposals submitted that do not comply will be revised. 1

Selection process (step 2) The75CAPsheetswereevaluatedbyCRCaccordingto11 technical criteria (area and type of intervention) for a maximum of 50 points No. Area Score (to be adjusted so total Technical Score is 20) 1. Severity + 1 to +4 = Areas at risk of Cholera (as defined in annex 1) (cumulative) + 1 to +3 = Humanitarian Emergency /Crisis (as defined in annex 2) + 1 to +2 = Critical / Very critical areas for malnutrition (as defined in annex 3) + 3 = IDPs + 1 = Floods prone area 1. Type of Water intervention + 5 = Increase sustained access to safe water in strategic water points (see list of strategic water points in South Central in annex 4) + 4 = Sustainable HHWT (e.g. filters with system for replacement/o&m, social marketing of water treatment products note 3 ) to improve quality at point of use. + 3 = Increases sustained access to safe water in other locations (as per CAP response plan, access through strategic boreholes or multiple use water systems note 4 are encouraged) + 1 = Temporary safe water provision only (e.g. water access by voucher, chlorination of shallow wells) + 2 will be given for the use of renewable energy + 1 will be given for access to water in schools/institutions Note3: social marketing will involve activities aimed at generating household demand for water treatment products as well as create links between the retailers to the beneficiaries. Note4: multiple use water system are based on water catchments / watershed / rainwater harvesting / sub surface dams and can provide water for different uses (human consumption, animal consumption and irrigation) 1. Sanitation + 5 = Latrines with handwashing facilities for IDPs + 5 = Desludging programs in urban areas + 5 = CLTS programs in targeted areas + 3 = Latrines in institutions with handwashing facilities + 1 = subsidized latrines for targeted vulnerable populations Selection process (step 2) 1. Hygiene promotion + 2 = handwashingwith soap promotion activities + 1 = training of WASH committees + 1 = training of Hygiene promoters + 1 = dissemination of messages in IDP camps, Nutrition/Health Centres, Schools + 1 = promotion materials + Hygiene kits distribution Waste management 1. + 1 = activities that reinforce linkages with authorities in charge of drainage, solid or liquid waste management + 4 = Sustainable and continuous programme to strengthen capacity of WASH service providers for 1. Capacity Dev of WASH providers management and O&M + 2 = Initial training session during project implementation only + 1 to 4 for AWD preparedness note 5 and response 1. AWD Preparedness - + 1 : AWD preparedness and response is mentioned as an activity and Response - + 3 : AWD preparedness and response is defined as an objective - + 4 : AWD preparedness and response is defined as the main objective Note 5: AWD preparedness activity includes : i) in close link with local health authorities, identification of population, behavior and activities at risk for AWD, ii) diffusion of specific hygiene promotion messages (handwashing) targeting identified population at risk, iii) outbreak response mechanisms defined in close coordination with health sector, iv) access to prepositioned supplies (through individual organization or regional hubs) + 2 clear do no harm approach (as per WASH Guidance note). 1. Reduce conflict 1. DRR + 2 for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) approach. Eg Raised apron walls, and flood proof latrines, in areas with high risk of flooding 1. Quality of + 1 = Clear assessment and definition of the problem Needs analysis. This include number of target Proposal population along with their breakdown (age/sex) + 2 = Quality of the field assessment for the targeted population /area + 1 = Clear and consistent formulation of Objectives and outcomes + 1 = Clear and consistent formulation of activities + 1 = Budget matching proposal, value for money + 1 = Discussion held with other agencies/regional Cluster to reduce duplication 1. Cost per Comparison of cost per activity, for similar projects -ranking to be adjusted accordingly beneficiary Selection process (step 2) On a maximum of 50 points, worse score was 16, best score 44 Four CAP sheets scoring 20 or less than 20 were discarded Two CAP sheets (Unesco and Swalim) were considered as different as the others (service provider for cluster partners). Unesco was discarded and Swalim kept (see detailed CRC report) As a summary 70 CAP sheets were selected Selection process-summary Number of projects Budget 2013 (M$) Budget 2014 (M$) Received 171 220 170 165 Selected by CRC Ranking 70 122 100 93 Number of projects Budget 2013 (M$) Budget 2014 (M$) High 34 83 74 69 Medium 36 39 26 24 Budget 2015 (M$) Budget 2015 (M$) 70 CAP sheets selected 29 projects from INGO (54% of the budget-65.6 M$) 38 projects from NGO (27 % of the budget-33.6 M$) 3projects from UN agencies (19% of the budget-23.3 M$) Vast majority of these projects address both emergency and resilience aspects 2

Attribution of priorities (high/medium) Quality of the project, based on the technical review Area of intervention (area at risk of cholera/humanitarian Emergency crisis/critical area for malnutrition/floods prone Integrated (water/sanitation/hygiene) intervention AWD preparedness and response DonotharmapproachandDRR Hot spots for cholera based on the mapping process Preliminary analysis of AWD and suspected cholera data during the first 38 weeks of 2012 in Somalia. Analysis is based on: Number of cases per week Number of reporting facilities (196 in total) 3

CHF second allocation:update Wash cluster meeting OCHA, Nairobi 20 November 2012 WASH Cluster Somalia Selection criteria Selection Criteria, were developed by the WASH CRC for both life saving and IDP durable solution response. The selection criteria were circulated to the WASH Agencies in CAP 2012 on 02 October 2012. Following submission of the proposals, the CRC met on 10-11, Oct 2012 to score and review each proposal. The top ranking proposals for each region per envelope (provided by CHF board) were recommended for funding. Agencies were requested to update proposals in the CHF database, based on initial feedback/questions from the WASH CRC. 26 projects received 11 projects recommended for a total of 6.05 MUS$. Joint project review on-going ACTED Emergency WASH assistance to vulnerable Not recommended, Project not in priority ADA Increased Access to Safe Water and 700,000 ADRA Drought Emergency Response in Hiran and Not recommended, Thinly addresses ACTED Emergency WASH assistance to vulnerable Bay,Middle Juba Diinsoor, Baidoa, Sakow ADA Increased Access to Safe Water and Lower Juba Jamaame, Afmadow ADRA Drought Emergency Response in Hiran and Hiraan, Galgadud Belet Weyne, Ceel Dheer, Cadaado, BWDN Improve Water Access, Sanitation and Hygene Bay Baidoa CARE Somalia Emergency WASH Response to support Banadir,Lower Mogadishu-Hodan, Juba, Lower Afmadow, CISP Improvement of access to safe drinking water Mudug, Galgadud Hobyo, Ceel Dheer, Xarardheere COOPI Improving access to safe WASH Services for Gedo, Bay Doolow, Baidoa CPD Emergency WASH Interventions for Vulnerable Mudug Xarardheere DIAL WASH Support for Vulnerable IDPs and Host Lower Juba Badhaadhe, Kismayo DIAL WASH Support to Vulnerable Population Mudug Jariiban DRC hygiene education and strengthening Mudug, BGaalkacyo, Hiraan, Galgadud, Galdogob, Cabudwaaq, Be HAPO Emergency Support to Vulnerable Hiraan Belet Weyne INTERSOS Enhancing access to safe water and Bay Baidoa IR Emergency WASH Assistance to Drought Awdal, Mudug Baki, Lughaye, Zeylac, Gaalkacyo IR Emergency WASH assistance for IDPs and Bay, Bakool Buur Hakaba, Baidoa, Xudur, NCA Enhancing Access to Safe Water, Appropriate Gedo, Mudug Luuq, Xarardheere, Doolow NRC Provision of appropriate water, sanitation and Bay, Hiaan, Mudug, Baidoa, Belet Weyne, Hobyo, RAWA Life Saving WASH assistance to people in Mudug, Galgadud Xarardheere, Hobyo, Ceel Dheer, RI Emergency WASH Intervention for Mudug, Mudug, Galgadud, Jariiban, Dhuusamarreeb, Bulo Burto, Hiraan SC Emergency WASH and Health Programming Hiraan, Galgadud, Bay, Belet Weyne, Cabudwaaq, Baidoa, Solidarités Provision of Safe Water, Appropriate and Lower Juba Afmadow SSWC Increase Access to Sustainable Safe Drinking Mudug, Galgadud Hobyo, Cadaado BWDN CARE Somalia CISP COOPI CPD DIAL DIAL DRC HAPO INTERSOS IR IR NCA NRC RAWA RI SC Solidarités SSWC UNICEF WARDI WOCCA Improve Water Access, Sanitation and Hygene Not recommended, Agency does not Emergency WASH Response to support Not recommende, Thinly addresses Improvement of access to safe drinking water Improving access to safe WASH Services for Emergency WASH Interventions for Vulnerable WASH Support for Vulnerable IDPs and Host Not recommended, Project not in priority WASH Support to Vulnerable Population Not recommended, Project not in priority hygiene education and strengthening Emergency Support to Vulnerable Not recommended, Agency does not Enhancing access to safe water and Emergency WASH Assistance to Drought Not recommended, project thinly Emergency WASH assistance for IDPs and Not recommended, Thinly addresses Enhancing Access to Safe Water, Appropriate Provision of appropriate water, sanitation and Not recommended, Thinly addresses Life Saving WASH assistance to people in Emergency WASH Intervention for Mudug, Not recommended, Thinly addresses Emergency WASH and Health Programming Not recommended, project partly not in Provision of Safe Water, Appropriate and Not recommended, agency withdrew Increase Access to Sustainable Safe Drinking Not recommended, Project not in priority Humanitarian Response to Increase and Integrated Emergency WASH Support To Promote Sustained Access to Safe Water and Not recommended, No demonstration of 450,000 600,000 250,000 500000.00 400,000 350,000 600,000 1,100,000 600,000 UNICEF Humanitarian Response to Increase and Middle Shabelle, WARDI Integrated Emergency WASH Support To Hiraan Belet Weyne WOCCA Promote Sustained Access to Safe Water and Middle Shabelle Cadale, Aden Yabaal 1

Global Hand Washing Day-Somalia Specific activities Wash cluster meeting OCHA, Nairobi 20 November 2012 WASH Cluster Somalia What is GHD Global event marked 15 th of October each year First celebrated on 15 th October 2008 Initiative of the Global Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing with Soap (PPPHW) The PPPHW aims to give families, schools, and communities in developing countries the power to prevent diarrhoea and respiratory infections by supporting the universal promotion and practice of proper hand washing with soap at critical times Why GHD? This simple activity could save more lives than any vaccine or medical intervention,preventing the spread of infection and keeping children in school. Hand washing with soap is the most effective & inexpensive way to prevent diarrheal & acute respiratory infections, which take the lives of millions of children in developing countries. Although people around the world wash their hands with water, many do not wash their hands with soap at critical moments, including after going to the toilet and before handling or eating food. The challenge is to transform handwashing with soap from an abstract good idea into an automatic behaviour carried out in homes, schools, workplaces and communities. Why GHD? Water Supply Water Quality Handwashing WASH interventions critical for child survival Source: Meta-analysis by Fewtrell & Colford, 2004; Handwashing data by Curtis & Cairncross, 2003, Updated sanitation data by Cairncross, 2008 Sanitation Hygiene 23 36 39 42 44 0 10 20 30 40 50 % reduction in morbidity from diarrhoeal diseases Country Somalia Somalia: Celebrations took place notably in IDP camps and included HWWS demonstrations, outreach sessions, t-shirt and soap distributions. Number of people (children + adults)= 256 600 Description of Proposed Activities Launching/opening in camp Hand washing demonstration Sanitation and hygiene session T-shirt, Bill board with hand washing messages Soap distribution to wash hands Dramas, songs, speeches Aired hand washing message & its importance through Radio Date and Duration of Activities # of Children # of adults TOTAL # of people reached by mass media 256,576 15,000,000 Detailed Activities South Central Somalia Mogadishu (Banadir-Yaqshid & Karaan districts) ORDO: 21,740 beneficiaries targeted. Farjano: 29,244 potential beneficiaries targeted. Lower Shabelle (Marka) SAREDO: 300 children s targeted. Galgaduud & South Mudug CPD: 597children s and 400residents of health center targeted. 1

Detailed Activities d. Mogadishu CPD:70,000 beneficiaries targeted. CPD will target all districts to air radio messages on the importance of handwashing to disease prevention. 1,500,000 people targeted. SOPHA. 1500 students, 950 hhs targeted. SCC 3130 people including 325 children targeted. Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC): 1265 children targeted Detailed Activities e. Gedo, Middle Juba, Bay, Galgudud and Mudug COOPI: 123,500 beneficiaries targeted. ASEP: organized activities in Tulamin IDP camp in Balet Hawa and Kabasa IDP in Dollowrespectively. Puntland TIDES/IOM Somaliland YOVENCO/ IOM : KoosarIDP camps in Burcotown 2

ABRIEF CLTS PRESENTATION TO SOMALIA WASH CLUSTER 20 TH NOV. 2012 What is Community Led Total Sanitation? It s a community-led / driven approach Involves/affects everyone in communities and addresses total elimination of open defecation Collective community decision & collective local action are keys in CLTS It heavily relies on the element of shame, disgust and fear Its non subsidy approach Social solidarity and cooperation are in abundance Actions are locally decided and don't depend on external subsidies, prescriptions or pressure Natural Leaders emerge from collective local actions who lead future collective initiatives Often don t follow externally determined mode of development and blue print Local diversity and innovations are main elements What is the global sanitation scenario today? With the current trend surely not all countries would achieve MDG targets and for many it might take decades Most efforts of sanitation till date are outsider designed, prescribed and emphasis heavily on latrine construction rather than collective hygiene behaviour change Often less than 50% of costlier latrines built with subsidy are used for the purpose they were built Difference between traditional sanitation approach & CLTS Area of major shift Traditional sanitation promotion CLTS approach Major emphasis given on Toilet construction Empowering people Mode of learning Verbal Visual Role of community Outsider s role Major outcome Passive recipientof ideas, technologies & subsidies Teaching,advising, prescribing & supplying hardware Increased number of latrines Active analystand innovators Facilitating a process of change & empowerment ODF communities & no shit in the open Toilet design are those of Outside engineers Insiders& community engineers Indicators of measurements No. of toilets built No. of ODF communities 1

Difference between traditional sanitation approach & CLTS Areas of Major Shift Social Solidarity & community cooperation Emergency of natural leaders Community dependency on external agencies Pace of positive outcome Extent of success measured by Traditional Sanitation Approach Not Much Hardly any Persistent & increased Slow / medium (resource rich) Outsiders project doc such as log frame CLTS Approaches In abundance Many including women & marginalized Reduced Faster / fairly fast Insiders collective satisfaction TYPES OF CLTS TRIGGERING OUTCOMES 1. Situation 1: Matchbox in a Petrol Station Taraq Yaala Kaalin Shidaal 2. Situation 2: Promising Flames Raja Holac 3. Situation 3: Scattered Sparks Hilaac Firirsan 4. Situation 4: Damp Match box Taraq Qoyan SITUATION IN SOMALIA 1. There are over 100 UNICEF trained CLTS TOT s in NWZ (Somaliland), SEZ (Puntland) and CSZ (South Central). (INGO s & LNGO s) 2. There are 8 UNICEF local partners implementing CLTS in NWZ (6)and NEZ(2) 3. The line Ministries in Somaliland and Puntlandstrongly support the CLTS concept 4. Although CLTS is still relatively new in Somalia, there are good success stories reported from different zones 5. Trained TOT s and triggered communities appreciate the positive impact of CLTS 6. 11 international and national staff were brought to Kenya for a 10 days learning exchange visit. CHALLENGES OBSERVED IN SOMALIA 1. Lack of strong WASH cluster coordination mechanism 2. Most trained TOT s from the INGO s / DPs are not the decision makers of their organizations National staff. 3. Most INGO / DPs in Somalia have not embraced CLTS in their WASH programs. 4. Different sanitation promotion approach is used by different WASH partners. 5. There are no CLTS best practice sharing forum for partners 6. LNGO s implementing CLTS lack appropriate support from their international partners, so as to go through the stages of achieving ODF status. 7. It was observed during the trainings, International staff don t come to training workshops organized inside Somalia. They tend to send a national staff who has some limitations. The Ethical Challenges of Development The challenges are personal, professional and institutional. We and our normal views and reflexes are the problem. They, people in communities, are the solution. Serious unlearning is entailed, and then continuous learning, adapting, improvising and innovating to enable the poor to become an active partner in development and not remain as passive recipient. These changes of understanding and behaviourapply at all levels Ministers, senior officials, staff in funding agencies, and Government and NGO staff. 2

Fundamental and Non Negotiable Principles of Rural CLTS For a start; No subsidy for hardware (not for the poorest or anyone else) No blueprint design (only people s designs, not engineers ) People first: they can do it Facilitate, don t provide Go slow at first for faster later What are our challenges today? How to have many players in CLTS activities in Somalia Can we have a forum for CLTS where partners can share experiences and are able to network with other like minded organizations in Africa / Globally. Can we develop couple of hundreds of Open Defecation Free Communities as learning laboratories of CLTS in Somalia? How to develop 100-200 Natural Leaders as Community Consultants for quick scaling up of CLTS. How to enhance emergence of innovative local institutions as champions of CLTS? How can we involve local communities as active partners of research in technology options and in sanitation marketing? THANKS Please, let s STOP communities from eating their own SHIT Yes we can!, Yes they can! 3

Story of Cholera Wash cluster meeting OCHA, Nairobi 20 November 2012 WASH Cluster Somalia

Story of Cholera http://globalhealthmedia.org/story-ofcholera/videos/ Your point of view

10/12/2012 15:55 ER Project Process Common Humanitarian Fund for Somalia ERF Process OCHA-Somalia Emergenc y situation Coordina tion. Assessm ent. Needs and Gap Analysis Partner response request by the cluster (NGO must be effective in the field) Validatio n of the project concept by the Cluster Downloa d project in the CHF data base Review per Cluster Discussi on with CHF and feed back If Ok, review proposal per CHF Project agreeme nt process September 2012 Common Humanitarian Fund for Somalia Slide 1 September 2012 Common Humanitarian Fund for Somalia Conditions The emergency reserve is available for use to support response to the potential effects of El Nino including acute watery diarrhea (AWD)/cholera outbreaks; and for emergency projects in newly recovered areas (as outcomes of on-going military activity) guaranteed that there is a certain level of access. The emergency reserve should be used in line with the key requirements specified in the CHF guidelines. The emergency window can also be used to provide an immediate response in areas not within the CAP as well as regions not prioritized in this standard allocation where need has been demonstrated Please note that ER is not meant to fund projects which were not approved by the clusters during the standard allocation. September 2012 Common Humanitarian Fund for Somalia 1