Military Radar Applications
The Concept of the Operational Military Radar The need arises during the times of the hostilities on the tactical, operational and strategic levels. General importance defensive role imposes combat readiness in peace and war time where the military radars remain on standby for reconnaissance and warning about the discovery of any intervention or unknown identity air attack day or night.they don t usually stop working for one moment to protect fighting units. Techniques Radar has undergone smart electronic techniques through electronic networks links in order to send commands to run anti- missile systems and direct the aircraft in the event of discovering the dangers of air attacks, whether by conventional air strikes or nuclear intercontinental ballistic missiles. The military radars achieved several amazing successes through the development of the means for distortion,deceiving or deception, which have entered the military conflicts into various endless legal problems.
Military radar has been known for gathering information,determining locations,identification hostile targets remote and distinguishing their data. According to that, military radars are used on land,sea and air as a system of early warning and reconnaissance. So, Radars must be designed to be portable to fit in with different geographical and weather conditions. Modern Warfare Requirements. The most important requirements of modern warfare, which highlights the importance in early detection of ballistic missile threats, evaluate air threats of multiple targets automatically, is based on the sequence of the greatest threat,and the closest distance or imminent destructive danger. The early detection of ballistic missile threats is significant to assess air threats of multiple targets automatically. Specify and analyze to rapid threats to allow sufficient time to choose the best weapon suited for respond.
Radar Specifications for Strategic Operations. 1. The ability to deal with several targets simultaneously. 2.The capability of operation along with other defensive weapons systems. 3. High speed targets detection. 4.short duration of reaction and fire respond. 5. working in various weather conditions day and night. 6. Flexible operation to reduce pressure and avoid operating obstacles in severe conditions. 7. flexibility and ease of movement of the system in all types of terrain. 8. flexible to be integrated with other defensive weapons systems through the provision of data and the speed of movement to engage targets. 9. high accuracy to identify friendly and hostile targets.. The Most Important Types of Military Radars and Subdivisions. They are divided into four sections,dimensions and capacity, tasks,processes, nature of performance and in terms of use. Types of Military Radars in Terms of Dimensions and Capacity. 1. Bilateral dimensional radars (2D) 2. Three-dimensional radars (3D)
Types of Military Radars in Terms of Tasks and Performance. 1. Aerial images radar. 2. ( Doppler ) radar. 3.Guidance radar to verify friendly or enemy radars. 4. Laser radar, to track targets by receiving reflected waves. 5. Battlefields radars, to facilitate public surveillance, borders or coasts control, surveillance of hostile areas, controlling military targets, setting bombs, determining missiles sites, directing and correcting fires. 6.Tracking radar, can track several targets at once, including intercontinental ballistic missiles with multiple nuclear warheads. 7.Personnel and vehicles detection radar. Types of Military Radars in Terms of the Nature of the Performance. 1. Pulsed radar. 2. Doppler effect radar. 3.Continuous wave radar. 4. Multiple system radar. 5. Tracking radar.
Types of Military Radars in Terms of Uses. 1. Ground penetrating radar. 2. Alert radar. 3. Air traffic control radar. 4.Tactical defense radars (Defense system of air components from guiding and control system, reconnaissance and warning radar, missiles system, artillery system, and the electronic support system). Defensive Radars. 1.Reconnaissance and Warning Radar: the system works alone, the radar must have potential effective response for tactical self warning, which allows the rest of the fire defensive system to identify the combat situation through forwarding data to support the military decision. 2.The effectiveness of response by air and engagement with enemy action to protect field formations. 3.Reconnaissance radar works along with the sub-radar for the rest of the defensive and offensive systems. 4.Missile Guidance Radar: Most of missile defense systems consist of multiple direction radars within the defense system components for the tasks of the research or the detection of high capabilities in tracking air targets and can also scan and track several targets in addition to the main task of guiding missiles targeted sites. 5.Fire Control Radar: It consists of defense artillery systems which is the process of detection and identification of the target, which falls within the artillery and missile defense components to control fire through automated artillery directed towards targeted sites and launch fire automatically.
Air Defense Radars. 1.Detecting tracking radar: to identify air targets flying at low altitude specifically small ones such as ballistic missiles, providing data from the other defense systems in order to identify enemy aviation and distinguish friendly targets from enemy targets. 2.Three-dimensional radar (3D): to specify the target height, and determine the horizontal angle and beyond, it is a complete set of control systems. 3.Jamming resistant radar: it has the ability to interfere, analyze, and process the data automatically exchanged within the air defense system. 4.Portable three-dimensional radar (3D): to detect, identify and calculate air targets (flying at low altitude). 5.Multi tasks and functions radar: work on surveillance, target identification friendly from enemy, tracking and guidance, works for e-warfare to countermeasures within the tactical functions, directing rocket-propelled grenades.
Radar Wide and Multiple Uses in the Armed Forces at the Tactical, Operational and Strategic Levels: 1. Air Defense. 2. Air missile defense. 3. Space surveillance. 4. Reconnaissance. 5. Identifying distance and ranges. 6. Fire control. Air Defense. Long range radars must detect enemy aircraft and tracking them from long distances to give early warning by using ground radar stations against any sudden air attack. Air Missile Defense. Consists of a radar network similar to those used in early warning of enemy aircraft they require radars with a greater ability to detect the targeted high- speed missiles. but
Space Surveillance. High- power radars to detect and track satellites, targets set in orbit around the earth in addition to reconnaissance and information gathering such as collecting information about countries preparations for war, drawing maps by plane mobile radar to produce detailed maps of military installations and equipment. Other types of surveillance radars obtaining important information on missile systems about other countries to monitor missiles during all experiments. Measuring Ranges. Usually used to ensure the performance of military equipment as well as accurately tracing newly manufactured air missiles. Control Arms Fire. Accurately identifying targets, and directing many types of weapons, launching,controlling artillery and anti-aircraft installed on fighting vehicles and ships. It can also guide missiles from aircraft and ground basis of all missiles and bombs, directing aircraft equipped with radar-guided bombs to accurately attack targets at night or in bad weather conditions.
Controlling Traffic Speed Military Units and Flow. Adjusting the traffic and determine their density and control their tracks during peak hours or bad weather. Weather Monitoring and Forecasting. Radar plays an important role in local weather conditions forecast in short term, such as locating the type of storms approaching, direction and speed and the path of the hurricane or storm to help air traffic rerouting aircraft to be avoided. Scientific Research. Scientists rely on radar to conduct different types of studies; (ie) studying the upper atmosphere to determine its temperature and type of gases in the air layers, studying the solar system, studying the migration of birds and marine biology research and planning drilling oil wells far from the coasts, and space flight. Radar is an essential factor for the success of missions in outer space or uninhabited in orbit around the earth. Aviation planners use radar to determine the safe landing of the spacecraft.
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