RECRUIT SUSTAINMENT PROGRAM SOLDIER TRAINING READINESS MODULES History of the Army National Guard 1 September 2012 SECTION I. Lesson Plan Series Task(s) Taught Academic Hours References Student Study Assignments Instructor Requirements Equipment Required Materials Required Classroom, Training Area, and Range Requirements Instructional Guidance ADMINISTRATIVE DATA History of the Army National Guard Task Number INDIVIDUAL The academic hours required to teach this lesson are as follows: Test Test Review Total Hours: Resident Hours/Methods 0 hrs 30 mins / Conference / Discussion 0 hrs 00 mins / Practical Exercise (Performance) 0 hrs 0 hrs 0 hrs 30 mins Number Title Date None None a. 1 Instructor per 35 Soldiers b. Be familiar with this Training Support Package (TSP) Id Name 5836013927680/96454N LCD DATA PROJECTOR 6730-00-577-4813 Screen, Projection, BM-10A, Stand 702102982124/70209N Computer, Personal System Instructor Materials: a. This Training Support Package (TSP) Stu Ratio Student Materials: a. Other materials as directed by RSP Unit SOP Organizational Classroom Additional Information Inst Ratio Spt Qty Exp 1:1 No 0 No 1:1 No 0 No 1:1 No 0 No Before presenting this lesson, instructors must thoroughly prepare by studying this lesson and the identified reference material. Obviously, the participation of all fifty four States and Territories cannot be 1
mentioned in this 30 minute lesson plan, however as you prepare for this class review via the internet, archives, or personal library any historical facts that might pertain to your home state and interject facts at various points in the discussion. This lesson would be an excellent opportunity to assign homework, asking the students to present a three minute presentation on any domestic or foreign deployment in their individual State. 2
SECTION II. INTRODUCTION SHOW Slide 1 (STRM) Method of Instruction: Conference / Discussion Instructor to Student Ratio is: 1:35 Time of Instruction: 5 mins Media: Slide Presentation Motivator Terminal Learning Objective Safety Requirements Risk Assessment Level Evaluation Instructional Lead-In The contribution of Army National Guard throughout America s history is filled with acts of heroism, service beyond the call of duty, and far reaching bravery. Those individual Soldiers, as well as units are indeed a tribute to the spirit and nature of the individuals who have served under our proud flag. As a Soldier in this honored organization you share the pride, strength, resilience, and determination exhibited by past and present selfless service. You are the future of the Army National Guard, and the bearer of our country s freedom. SHOW Slide 2 (Terminal Learning Objective) Inform the students of the following Terminal Learning Objective requirements. At the completion of this lesson, you [the student] will: Action: Conditions: Standards: Identify accomplishments of the Army National Guard (ARNG) as witnessed through-out the history of the United States of America During training sessions, opportune training, and under observation in the normal performance of assigned duties Discuss significant events of the ARNG from the beginning of the militia to current foreign and domestic situations Conduct a safety brief prior to training as needed and IAW unit and installation policies. Low - Risk Assessment to be produced locally IAW FM 5-19, August 2006. None Membership in the ARNG is an honor bestowed upon you due to your commitment to stand behind the principals and values that our founding fathers outlined in the Constitution of the United States. Membership is not given, but rather it is earned. This brief history will cover the early militia, and provide some indication of their hardships and triumphs. In Learning Activity 2, we will cover the modern Army National Guard and its involvement in the World Wars as well as other skirmishes, conflicts, and protective invasions, and finally the Army National Guard of today. It is not possible to include the activities of every State and Territory and their successes and failures while deployed. The purpose of this lesson plan is to help you understand how the Army National Guard got to this point in history having served as the oldest military force in the history of the United States of America, 1636 to today. 3
SECTION III. PRESENTATION 1. Learning Step / Activity 1. The Early Militia Method of Instruction: Conference / Discussion Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:35 Time of Instruction: 20 mins Media: Slide Presentation As stated earlier, when possible use your own knowledge of Army National Guard history to explain the intent of the various learning points within the activity. SHOW Slide 3 (The First Muster) a. Citizen Soldier Militia. The term militia comes from a Latin word meaning Soldier, and had its beginnings in early western civilization of Greece. Like the Greek militia, the early American militia was formed to meet continuing problems between municipalities, land owners, and in the case of the American militia, skirmishes with Native Americans. Perhaps even more demanding, the militia often served as the local police, using their own weapons and equipment. Additionally, the militia would often serve as guides/protectors for ventures into unknown territory. SHOW Slide 4 (French and Indian War) b. The French and Indian War. What began as a struggle for land and power between the French and English became the starting point of the disagreements between the English and the 13 Colonies, later to be named the United States of America. Led by the British, the militia from South Carolina to Pennsylvania (the original 13 colonies), defeated the French forces in Canada where they surrendered at Montreal, giving England control of all of North America from St. Augustine to the Hudson Bay, and all lands between the Atlantic and the Mississippi River. SHOW Slide 5 (American Revolution) c. The Revolutionary War. The widening gap between the Colonies and the British, developed through economic and social differences brought the regimented, well trained, well disciplined, and well provisioned British Regular Soldier against the ragtag part time Soldier whose only attribute was that he could be mustered in minutes, hence the name minuteman. In fact in the earlier part of the war, the British considered them to be a joke. This opinion of the minuteman by the British officers soon was proved wrong. SHOW Slide 6 (World War I) d. The Army National Guard s Involvement in World War I. (a) Delegation of duty regarding State and Federal authority was established at this time. Met substantial resistance from the ARNG, because individual Soldiers were deployed with Regulars and simply became members of the unit they were assigned to rather than the units to which they joined. (b) There were 18 National Guard Divisions in World War I. At this point it is important to understand that WWI evidenced significant firsts such as the complete integration in training and combat of Regulars and National Guard. Additionally WWI ushered in three all black National Guard regiments. 4
SHOW Slide 7 (World War II) e. World War II. With continued unrest in Europe, specifically the aggressiveness of Hitler s Nazi Germany, the United States began an unprecedented peacetime training regimen, involving over a half million Soldiers, including National Guard Soldiers. The Guard gained in strength and resolve and would prove itself time and time again in combat as World War II continued. (1) Every State s National Guard unit s not already on active duty was called to active service. The nineteenth division, called the Americal Division was first to be deployed, giving the North Dakota Army Guard the distinction of being the first troops to go on the offensive in World War II. (2) The National Guard was comprised of 19 divisions, nine of which were in the European Theater. (3) Nine National Guard divisions, under General Douglas MacArthur s direction, played key roles in the successful campaigns in the Pacific. SHOW Slide 8 (Korean War) f. The Korean War. The Korean mobilization continues to reign as one of the most significant achievements after World War II. The Army National Guard provided a means for rapid expansion of the Army to a larger and more intense force, and strengthened our defense posture throughout the world. SHOW Slide 9 (Vietnam) g. The Vietnam War. Widespread sentiment against the Vietnam war created one of the darkest days in National Guard history. After a group of Kent State protesters injured over 50 Army National Guard Soldiers by throwing rocks and other projectiles, the guard opened fire, killing four students and wounding nine others. SHOW Slide 10 (Operation Desert Storm) h. The Persian Gulf War. (1) During the short Persian Gulf War in 1990 the Army National Guard once again proved its expertise, experience, and valor as over 37,000 troops were deployed to Saudi Arabia and its proximity during Operation Desert Shield/Storm. (2) 25,000 ARNG troops provided support in Europe and CONUS, and proved to the American public the effectiveness of its Citizen Soldiers. i. The invasion of Iraq. (1) The war with Iraq was short-lived and history has not yet given us a final version. To this day Army National Guard troops maintain a presence in this emerging democracy. (2) The invasion, from 20 March to 1 May, was strongly opposed by many Americans as well as citizens of the free world. Though scheduled for departure and eventual demobilization in the near future American Soldiers including Army National Guardsman remain on Iraqi soil and are under constant alert. SHOW Slide 11 (Global War on Terror) 5
j. War in Afghanistan. General David Petreus, head of Central Command has suggested that we use more National Guard troops in the development of a framework to train Afghans in modern farming techniques. k. Though stretched thin, the Army National Guard will step up to the mission. With current overseas deployments and CONUS operations the Guard has, the Army National Guard is preparing for additional duty. If desired assign homework to write a one page paper on the history of the student s individual unit of assignment. SHOW Slide 12 (Terminal Learning Objective) TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE ACTION: Identify accomplishments of the Army National Guard (ARNG) as witnessed through-out the history of the United States of America CONDITIONS: STANDARDS: During training sessions, opportune training, and under observation in the normal performance of assigned duties Discuss significant events of the ARNG from the beginning of the militia to current foreign and domestic situations 6
SECTION IV. ASK FOR QUESTIONS AND SUMMARY Method of Instruction: Discussion Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:35 Time of Instruction: 5 mins Media: None a. Ask students if they have any questions. b. Answer all questions or agree to get back to students with a complete or appropriate answer. SUMMARY This lesson, the History of the Army National Guard, has only touched the surface of the Army National Guard's involvement and commitment to the United States of America. It is not the intent to recognize only the wartime success of its role in our country's freedom. However, to cover the almost insurmountable accomplishments of the National Guard in each of their respective States would have to be in book form. The fact remains, the National Guard is not an entity of and unto itself, but rather a composite of individuals dedicated to the principles of freedom and defenders of the United States Constitution. They and you are the history of the Army National Guard, the Citizen -- Soldier. 7
SECTION V. Testing Requirements Feedback Requirements STUDENT EVALUATION (OPTIONAL) None None 8
Appendix A - Viewgraph Masters VIEWGRAPHS STRM Slide #1 Terminal Learning Objective Slide #2 The First Muster Slide #3 French and Indian War Slide #4 American Revolution Slide #5 World War I Slide #6 World War II Slide #7 Korean War Slide #8 Vietnam Slide #9 Operation Desert Storm Slide #10 Global War on Terror Slide #11 Terminal Learning Objective Slide #12 A-1
Appendix B - Test(s) and Test Solution(s) (N/A) B-1
Appendix C - Practical Exercises and Solutions (N/A) C-1
Appendix D - Student Handouts (N/A) D-1