Lesson: 1 Title: Introducing the Older Person Implementation: Linton, Ch. 11; Lecture; Power Point Presentation; Class Discussion; Transparencies 1. Define old age. 2. Describe the role of the gerontological nurse. 3. Determine the extent to which selected myths and stereotypes about older adults are factual. 4. Describe biologic and physiologic factors associated with aging. 5. Explain psychosocial factors associated with aging. 6. Describe the contents of a functional assessment and its purpose. 7. Perform a functional assessment on an older adult. 8. Describe modifications needed for activities of daily living for some older adults. 9. Explain why drug dosage adjustments may be needed for older persons. I. Definition of Old Age II. Gerontology A. Geriatrics III. Role of the Gerontologic Nurse A. Competencies / Certification B. Advance Education C. Specialized Knowledge IV. Myths and Stereotypes A. Ageism V. Biologic and Physiologic Factors of Aging VI. Theories of Aging A. Error B. Programming VII. Normal Physiologic Changes in Body s Systems A. Nervous B. Respiratory C. Cardiovascular D. Renal E. Integumentary F. Gastrointestinal G. Musculoskeletal H. Sensory VIII. Psychosocial Factor Associated With Aging A. Erickson Developmental Task B. Losses C. Stress D. Coping and Adaptation IX. Functional Assessment A. Purpose B. Contents X. Drug Therapy and Older Adults
Lesson: 2 Title: Health Promotion, Health Maintenance, and Home Health Considerations 1. Describe recommended health-maintenance practices and explain how they change with age. 2. Discuss the relationship of culture and religion to health practices. 3. Identify how perceptions of aging effect health practices. 4. Describe how health maintenance is affected by cognitive and sensory changes. 5. Discuss the impact of decreased accessibility on health-maintenance practices. 6. Describe methods of assessing health-maintenance practices. 7. Identify older adults who are most at risk for experiencing healthmaintenance 8. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to health-maintenance 9. Describe nursing interventions at are appropriate for older adults experiencing alteration in health-maintenance. 10. Discuss the role of home health as it relates to health promotion and health-maintenance in the elderly. 11. Differentiate between unpaid and paid home health care providers. 12. Identify the factors to consider when seeking home health care assistance. Implementation: Wold, Ch.4; Lecture; Power Point Presentation; Class Discussion; Transparencies I. Recommended Health-Maintenance Practices for Older Adult A. Diet B. Exercise C. Tobacco and Alcohol D. Physical Examination E. Dental Examination F. Maintaining Healthy Attitude II. Factors That Affect Health Promotion and Maintenance A. Religious Beliefs B. Cultural Beliefs C. Knowledge and Motivation D. Mobility E. Perception of Aging F. Cognitive Changes G. Sensory Changes H. Accessibility III. Assessment of Health-Maintenance Practices A. Identification of Elder at High Risk IV. Nursing Diagnoses R/T Health-Maintenance Problems V. Appropriate Nursing Interventions VI. Home Health A. Paid versus Unpaid Care Providers B. Considerations of Home Care Assistance
Lesson: 3 Title: Cognition, Self-Perception, and Self-Concept Implementation:Wold, Ch. 10 & 11; Lecture; PowerPoint Presentation; Class Discussion; Transparencies 1. Describe normal sensory and cognitive functions. 2. Describe how sensory perception and cognition change with age. 3. Discuss the effects of disease processes on perception and cognition. 4. Describe methods of assessing changes in perception and cognition. 5. Identify older adults who are most at risk for experiencing perceptual or cognitive 6. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to cognitive or perceptual 9. Describe nursing interventions at are appropriate for older adults experiencing cognitive or perceptual 10. Discuss pain assessment and management as they relate to the older adult. 11. Discuss the concepts of self-perception and self-concept.and how they change with aging. 12. Discuss the effects of disease processes on self-perception and selfconcept. 13. Identify signs of later-life depression. 14. Discuss substance abuse as seen in the aging population. 15. Identify suicide risk in older adults. 16. Describe methods of assessing changes in self-perception and selfconcept.. 17. Identify older adults who are most at risk for experiencing problems with self-perception and self-concept.. 18. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to self-perception and self-concept 19. Describe nursing interventions at are appropriate for older adults experiencing self-perception and self-concept I. Normal Cognitive-Perceptual Functioning A. Cognition and Intelligence B. Cognition and Language II. Nursing Process for Disturbed A. Sensory Perception B. Though Process 1. Delirium 2. Dementia C. Verbal Communication III. Pain Assessment and Management IV. Normal Self-Perception and Self-Concept A. Ways the Elderly Can Improve Self-Esteem by Taking Control V. Self-Perception and Self-Concept With Aging VI. Depression and Aging VII. Substance Abuse and Aging VIII. IX. Suicide and Aging Nursing Process for Disturbed A. Self-Perception and Self-Concepts B. Body Image C. Risk for Situational Low Self-Esteem D. Fear E. Anxiety F. Hopelessness G. Powerlessness
Lesson: 4 Title: Meeting the Physical Needs of the Elderly Implementation: Wold, Ch. 6 & 17-21; Lecture; PowerPoint Presentation; Class Discussion; Transparencies 1. Describe methods of assessing the nutritional status and practices of the older adult. 2. Identify the older adults who are most at risk for problems related to nutrition and hydration. 3. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to nutritional or metabolic 4. Identify nursing interventions that will help older persons meet their nutrition and hydration needs. 5. Discuss changes related to aging that have an effect on skin and mucous membranes. 6. Identify the older adults who are most at risk for problems related to skin and mucous membrane 7. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to impairment of skin and mucous membranes. 8. Identify nursing interventions that will help older persons maintain the integrity of their skin and mucous membranes. 9. Describe the normal elimination processes. 10. Describe age-related changes in bladder and bowel elimination. 11. Discuss methods for assessing elimination practices. 12. Identify the older adults who are most at risk for problems with elimination. 13. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to elimination 14. Identify nursing interventions used to prevent or reduce problems with elimination. I. Nutrition and Aging A. Nutritional Needs of Elderly B. Assessment of Nutritional Status C. ID Those at Risk D. Nursing Process II Assessment of Hydration Status of Elderly A. ID Those at Risk B. Nursing Process III. Normal Changes in Skin and Mucous Membranes with Aging A. Assessment of Skin and Mucous Membranes B. ID Those at Risk for Impairment C. Nursing Process IV. Normal Elimination Patterns A. Constipation B. Fecal Impaction C. Diarrhea D. Incontinence E. ID Those at Risk for Impairment F. Nursing Process
Lesson: Title: Time: 4 (Continued) Meeting the Physical Needs of the Elderly N/A Implementation: Wold, Ch. 6 & 17-21; Lecture; PowerPoint Presentation; Class Discussion; Transparencies (Continued) 15. Describe normal activity and exercise patterns. 16. Describe how activity and exercise patterns change with aging/ 17. Discuss the effects of disease processes on the ability to participate in exercise and activity. 18. Describe the methods of assessing changes in the ability to participate in activity or exercise. 19. Identify the older adults who are most at risk for experiencing problems related to activity and exercise. 20. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to activity and exercise 21. Identify nursing interventions that are appropriate for older adults experiencing problems related to activity and exercise. 22. Differentiate between a custodial focus and a rehabilitative focus in nursing care. 23. Discuss the impact of nurses attitudes on care planning. 24. Identify the benefits of a rehabilitative focus on older adults. 25. Identify the goals of rehabilitation nursing. 26. Describe how sleep and rest patterns change with aging. 27. Discuss the effects of disease processes on sleep. 28. Describe methods of assessing changes in sleep and rest patterns. 29. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to sleep and rest 30. Identify nursing interventions that are appropriate for older adults experiencing problems related to sleep and rest. VI. Normal Activity Patterns VII. Activity and Aging A. Exercise Recommendations for Older Adults B. Effect of Disease Processes C. Nursing Process D. Nurses Attitudes VIII. Custodial Focus versus Rehabilitative Focus IX. Normal Sleep-Rest Patterns X. Sleep Disorders A. Nursing Process / Disturbed Sleep Pattern
Lesson: 5 Title: Roles and Relationships, Coping, and Stress Implementation:Wold Ch. 12 & 13; Lecture; PowerPoint Presentation; Class Discussion; Transparencies 1. Explain the concepts of stress and coping. 2. Identify the physical, emotional and behavioral signs of stress. 3. Describe methods for reducing stress. 4. Discuss changes in stress and coping that occur with aging. 5. Identify older adults who are most at risk for experiencing stressrelated 6. Describe normal roles and relationships. 7. Describe how patterns or roles and relationships change with aging. 8. Discuss the effects of disease processes on the ability to maintain roles and relationships. 9. Identify older adults who are most at risk for experiencing problems related to changes in roles and relationships. 10. Describe methods of assessing changes in roles and relationships. 11. Identify selected nursing diagnoses related to role or relationship 12. Describe nursing interventions appropriate for older individuals experiencing problems related to changing roles and relationships. I. Stress and Coping II. Physical Signs of Stress III. Stress and Illness IV. Stress and Life Events V. Stress Reduction and Coping Strategies VI. Role VII. Relationships VIII. Society A. Homogenous B. Heterogeneous IX. Roles, Relationship, and Aging A. Retirement B. Parenting C. Health and Independence X. Reactions A. Grieving Losses XI. Dysfunctional Grieving A. Assessment B. Nursing Interventions XII. Social Isolation and Impaired Social Interaction A. Assessment B. Nursing Interventions XIII. Interrupted Family Processes A. Assessment B. Nursing Interventions
Lesson: 6 Title: Medications and the Older Adult Implementation: Wold, Ch. 7; Lecture; PowerPoint Presentation; Class Discussion; Transparencies 1. Identify factors that increase the risk of medication-related 2. Discuss why each of these factors increases health risks for the aging person. 3. Describe how pharmacokinetics is altered with aging. 4. Discuss the pharmacologic dynamic changes observed in the aging person. 5. Identify the risks related to aging and pertinent nursing observations for specific drug categories. 6. Explain specific precautions necessary when administering medications to older adults in an institutional setting. 7. Discuss how medications fit into the nursing plan of care. 8. Describe specific nursing interventions and modifications in technique related to medication administration in older adults. 9. Describe the older person s rights as they relate to medication administration. 10. Discuss the impact of age-related changes on self-administration of medications. 11. Identify information that should be provided to older adulats regarding medications. I. Geropharmacology II. Risks Related to the Physiologic Changes of Aging A. Pharmacokinetics B. Polypharmacology C. Risk Related to Cognitive Changes D. Risks Related to Sensory Changes III. Risks Related to Inadequate Knowledge A. Sharing Medication with Friends or Relatives B. OTC Preparations C. Alcohol D. Prescription Medications IV. Risk Related to Financial Factors A. Saving Money V. Medication Administration in the Institutional Setting A. Safe Drug Administration VI. Nursing Assessment and Medication VII. Patient s Rights and Medications VIII. Self-Medication and Older Adults A. In an Institution B. In the Home IX. Safety and Noncompliance Issues A. Risk for Noncompliance B. Techniques For Improved Safety and Compliance